外研版2019選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit 1 Laugh Out Loud!Section B Using Language（學(xué)案）

1、Unit 1 Lough out loudSection B Learning about Language學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)掌握本節(jié)生詞及語(yǔ)法。詞匯運(yùn)用essential 意思 _ 詞性 _意思 _ 詞性 _be essential to/for 對(duì)極其重要It is essential (for sb.) to do sth. （對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)）做某事是極其重要的It is essential that (should) do極其重要essentially adv. 本質(zhì)上，根本上練習(xí)：It will be essential _ (examine) your body every year.2. ma

2、ke sense意思 _It makes sense to do sth. 做某事是明智的make sense of sth. 理解某事，弄懂某事make no sense 沒(méi)有道理，沒(méi)有意義Theres no sense in(doing) sth. （做）某事沒(méi)道理in a/one sense 從某種意義上說(shuō)in no sense 絕不a sense of humour/direction 幽默感/方向感common sense常識(shí)練習(xí)：It makes sense _ (buy) a big pack because it works out cheaper in the end.3.

3、impress意思 _ 詞性 _impress sb.with sth. 某物給某人留下深刻印象be impressed with/by 對(duì)印象深刻impress sth. on sb. 使某人了解某事的重要性練習(xí)：My first _ (impress) of her was that she could entertain those around her.4. deservedeserve to do sth. 值得做某事，應(yīng)該做某事deserve doing/to be done 值得被做【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】deserve doing=deserve to be done,動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被

4、動(dòng)含義，類似的還有：need/want/require doing=need/want/require to be doneHis eyes need/want/require examining.His eyes need/want/require to be examined.他的眼睛需要檢查一下。練習(xí)：The clown doctor deserves _ (win) the glory.語(yǔ)法解析非限制性定語(yǔ)從句1 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的主要應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合先行詞指代明確時(shí)，如專有名詞和獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物。Karl Marx, who was born in Germany, was a great p

5、hilosopher.卡爾馬克思出生于德國(guó)，是一位偉大的哲學(xué)家。當(dāng)出現(xiàn)some/many/few/a few/little/much/most/half+of+which/whom等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)。There are many badges on the table, most of which are new.桌子上有很多徽章，大部分都是新的。先行詞指的是某人只有一個(gè)的親屬（son, daughter, father, mother, wife等）時(shí)。比較：I have an elder brother, who works in Beijing.我有一個(gè)哥哥，他在北京工作。（只有一個(gè)哥哥）I ha

6、ve an elder brother who works in Beijing. 我有一個(gè)在北京工作的哥哥。（可能有幾個(gè)哥哥，其中一個(gè)在北京工作）（4）關(guān)系詞指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容時(shí)。In the presence of so many people he was a little tense, which was understandable. 在那么多人面前他有點(diǎn)兒緊張，這是可以理解的。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞（1）which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。I bought a novel yesterday, which was written by Han Han. 我昨天買

7、了一本小說(shuō)，是韓寒寫的。（2）who指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。My father, who has curly hair, is an excellent cook.我的父親有一頭卷發(fā)，他是個(gè)很棒的廚師。（3）whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)。This is Peter, whom you havent met before.這是彼得，你以前沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)他。（4）whose既可指人也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.這個(gè)男孩學(xué)習(xí)很努力，他的爸爸是一位工程師。The play, whose

8、style is rigidly formal, is typical of the period.這個(gè)劇本是那個(gè)時(shí)期的典型作品，風(fēng)格拘謹(jǐn)刻板。as既可指人也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case.他忘了帶筆，這是常有的事。（as在從句中作主語(yǔ)）As we all know, water is essential for life.我們都知道，水是生命所必需的。（as在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）3 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞（1）where在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。They went to L

9、ondon, where they stayed for six months.他們?nèi)チ藗惗?，在那兒待了六個(gè)月。（2）when在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。He will put off the picnic until May 1st,when he will be free. 他將把野餐推遲到5月1日，那時(shí)他將有空。4 as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，先行詞是整個(gè)主句。從句可位于主句前或主句后，也可位于主句中間。as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句表示說(shuō)話人的看法、態(tài)度或評(píng)論，as仍具有“正如，像”等意思。As is mentioned above, the number o

10、f students in high schools is increasing. 正如上面所提到的，高中學(xué)生的數(shù)量在增加。Taiwan is, as you know, an inseparable part of China.你知道，臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)不可分割的一部分。He is absorbed in his work, as he often was.他正在全神貫注地工作，他過(guò)去經(jīng)常這樣。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，先行詞既可以是一個(gè)詞，也可以是整個(gè)主句或主句的部分內(nèi)容。which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句通常位于主句的后面。which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)主句敘述的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，常譯為“這一點(diǎn)，這件

11、事”等。She was very fond of speaking French, which indeed she spoke well.她很喜歡講法語(yǔ)，而且講得確實(shí)很好。He tore up my photo, which upset me.他把我的照片撕了，這使我很惱火。5 限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別形式不同：前者緊跟在先行詞后，不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；后者用逗號(hào)和主句隔開(kāi)。A man who doesnt want to learn much from others cant achieve much. 一個(gè)不想向別人多學(xué)習(xí)的人是不會(huì)有多大成就的。The note was left

12、by Jim, who was here a moment ago.這個(gè)便條是吉姆留的，他剛才還在這里。（2）功能不同：前者起限定作用，不可省略，否則主句意思不完整；后者起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，省略后主句意思仍然完整。A doctor is a person who cures patients. 醫(yī)生就是治療病人的人。The big tree was cut down yesterday, which is about three hundred years old. 昨天那棵大樹被砍倒了，它大約有三百年的歷史了。（3）關(guān)系詞不同：前者所有關(guān)系詞都可引導(dǎo)，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略；后者that, wh

13、y不能引導(dǎo)，且均不可省略。He is the clown doctor (whom/who/that) you are looking for.他就是你正在找的那個(gè)小丑醫(yī)生。She had seven children, three of whom lived nearby.她有七個(gè)孩子，其中三個(gè)就住在附近。（4）先行詞不同：前者的先行詞往往是某一個(gè)詞；后者的先行詞可以是一個(gè)詞，也可以是主句的一部分，甚至是整個(gè)主句。The hotel which we stayed at was not clean.我們住的那家旅館不干凈。The boy with curly hair lost her ba

14、dge, which annoyed her much.那個(gè)卷發(fā)男孩把她的徽章弄丟了，這使她很惱火。（5）翻譯方式不同：前者一般譯為定語(yǔ)，而后者一般譯為并列分句。The watch that he gave me for my birthday is very nice.我過(guò)生日時(shí)他送給我的手表很漂亮。Mr. Zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of mine.張先生昨天來(lái)看我，他是我的一位老朋友。練習(xí)： The employer, _ all the employees respect, is concerned abo

15、ut his employees working conditions. She was patient with the children, _ her husband seldom was. The poet, _ poems are best loved, once lived in this region. The little boy can speak two foreign languages, _ surprises all the people present. I met Professor Xu, _ told me the result of the election. We won the game, _ we expected. Kate, _ sister I shared