美國社會的葛朗臺現(xiàn)象

1、美國社會的葛朗臺現(xiàn)象abstratgrandetisthebakgrundfthisthesis.franalysisftheajrrleineugeniegrandet-grandet,thisthesisintrduesaeriansutlknney.itpintsutgrandetrefletsthephenenninaeria.frhistriandphilsphialperspetives,thefrenhenhelpedaeriansinthearfindependent,andbuiltalserelatinshipithaerians.thefrenhenbrughttheir

2、utlknneytaeria.thefrenhiigrantsrkedtgetherandreatedaerianulturehihasblendingffrenhulturesunderneirustane.itinfluenedtheaeriansutlknney.grandetrefletsphenennindernaeriansiety.ineugeniegrandet,grandetasaaterialistandalverfney.hensideredneyashislife.tseextent,neyisevenuhrevaluablethanhislife.justfrney,

3、hesarifieddaughtershappiness,andsldhissul.eanhile,itisbelievedthatseaeriansarethelversfney.inaeriansind,theaterialandneyareveryiprtant.theyarebsessiveithneyveryuh.hever,histhesis:thefirstplae,theyshuldhaveabasiregnitinabuttheutlknney,thedefinitinfney,andreasnstha

4、tinfluenednaerians;thenextplae,thisthesisshuldanalyzetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesfutlknney.atlast,thisthesispintsuttheethdstdealiththedisadvantagesftheutlknney.keyrdseugeniegrandet;grandet;ney;aerians;utlknney;aeria摘要本文以葛朗臺為背景，通過對葛朗臺這一角色的分析，引出當(dāng)代美國人的金錢觀。而葛朗臺現(xiàn)象確實反映了美國人的金錢觀。從歷史和哲學(xué)的角度，筆者理解到法國人曾幫助美國人獲得獨

5、立戰(zhàn)爭的成功，并建立了親密關(guān)系，與此同時，法國人將自己本國的金錢觀帶給了美國人，兩國的文化交流也進(jìn)一步的擴(kuò)大，并對美國人的金錢觀帶來了宏大的影響。而小說中的葛朗臺是一個典型的金錢、物質(zhì)主義者。他視金錢如生命，在一定程度上說，金錢甚至高于他自己的生命，他可以為金錢犧牲女兒的一生幸福，可以為金錢出賣自己的靈魂。而就此分析當(dāng)今美國社會，作為世界最興旺的國家，擁有世界最多的財富，而在美國人的價值觀中卻有一條不可取代的物質(zhì)、金錢主義。但看問題不能只看一面，應(yīng)從多方面進(jìn)展分析，因此本文我們應(yīng)該正確對待美國人的金錢觀。首先讓我們對當(dāng)代美國人金錢觀有一個初步的認(rèn)識，知道美國人的金錢觀是什么，在什么樣的條件下產(chǎn)

6、生。進(jìn)而從正負(fù)兩面分析金錢觀帶來的利與弊，最終指出如何樹立正確的金錢觀。關(guān)鍵詞?歐也妮.葛朗臺?;葛朗臺；金錢；美國人；金錢觀；美國intrdutineugeniegrandetisafausfrenhnvel，rittenbybalza,hseharatersaregrandet,hisdaughter,andharles.grandetaretherepresentativesfgreedandney.heisbsessiveithney.herepresentssefthegreedyaerians,thugheugeniegrandetisafausfrenhnvel.andtheae

7、riansanlearnitfrhistrialandphilsphialperspetives.frhistryperspetive,theylearnthatfranehasalserelatinshipithaeria.thefrenhiigrantsrkedtgetherandreatedaerianulturehihasblendingffrenhulturesunderneirustane.thefrenhensutlknneyinfluenedaerians.andfrphilsphialperspetive,theylearnthateverythinghasannetinin

8、therld,stheyanntseparatenethingfranther.anypeplesaythatneyisthertfevil.hever,everyinhasitstsides;theyananalyzethefuntinfneyfrtsides.itsanknledgethateverynelikesneyandneedsney.ithutney,theyanntbuyfd,lthesandtherdailyneessities.ithutney,theyanntgtshl,gtineartherplaes.inythesis,itanalyzesthedisadvantag

9、esandadvantagesftheutlknney,andgivestheethdsfrdealingiththedisadvantagesftheutlknneyinapprpriateay.andshthethatneyisjustfrbetterlife.theintrdutinftheajrrlesineugeniegrandetanypeplensiderbalzatbethegreatestfallnvelists.eugeniegrandet,hisspare,lassialstryfagirlhselifeisblightedbyherfathershysterialgre

10、ed,gesalngaytjustifyingthatpinin.frbetterunderstandingfthenvel,therearethreepepletheyneeddeepanalyses.theyaregrandet,hisdaughter-eugenieandharles.firstly,thisthesisputstheirephasisngrandet.grandetasneftheentralrlesinthenvel.heasterriblygreedy.heastherepresentativefgreedandney.inhisind,neyaseverythin

11、g,andheuldntliveintherldithutney.hehadastrngdesiretpssessney,thughhehadanabundantfney.healayslefthiselfinabakr,andappreiatedneyfralngtie.henheasdying,heaskedhisdaughtertputneynthetable,andneyuldakehifeelar.inrdertlletney,helsthuannature.hensiderednlveasintherld,andneyisevenuhrevaluablethanhislife.fr

12、exaple,grandethadaservant,hhadrkedfr30years.butheneverreeivedanygiftfrgrandet,exeptneldath.thughgrandetasahristian,butatuallyheasntarealne.inhispinin,theexistenefgdasfrhisneed.frhi,neyasrealgdandallthehpe.paredithgrandet,hisdaughterasverykindandhuane.shensideredneyasaethdfrhelpingthers.shedevtedherh

13、lelifetservingthepeple.andshehaddnealtfpublirks.frexaple,shehadbuiltnerestr,eightpriaryshlsandnelibrary;sheusedneythelpthsehneedit.lastly,theyshuldputtheirattentinnharles.heasbrninarihfailyandspiled.theturningpintinhislifeastdbusinessabrad.thehangeflifenditinadehisralstandardandvaluenepthange.hebeae

14、averyself-fishan.heantedtbeerih.inrdertpssessney,hegaveuphistruelve,andpursuedanbleansdaughter.tseextent,hisutlknneyassiilartgrandets.bthftheereaterialistsandthelversfney.iigrandetphenenninaeriaeugeniegrandetisthenvelffrane.andanypeplensiderthatthereisabigdistanebeteentheirultures:thefrenhultureandt

15、heaerianulture,stheajrrleineugeniegrandet-grandetanntreflettheaeriansiety.hever,thisthesisnsidersthetuntriespeplehavegreatulturaluniatin.anditanalyzestheulturaluniatinfrtsides:thehistryandthephilsphy.frthehistrialperspetive,theylearnthatthefrenhenandtheaerianshadulturaluniatinlngag.frexaple,thearfin

16、dependentintheu.s,ithutthehelpffrane,hever,theaeriansuldnthaventheday.thehpefsuhaidasneiprtantreasnhyngressadptedthedelaratinfindependenein1776,freurpeanstatesuldntinterfereslngasthelniesstillregnizedtheenglishkings.agentssentseretlytfraneereabletprurelthinganduskets.individualfrenhen,servedasvlunte

17、ersintheaerianary.thegreatvitryfsaratgain1777,adepssiblebygunpderreeivedfrfrane,seeedtassurethefinaltriuphftheaerianause.franenregnizedtheindependeneftheunitedstatesandfredanpenallianeithngressinjanuary1778.theneallianeenabledngresstbrraniensesufneyfrfrane.frenhtrpseresentttakepartinthearandtheyfugh

18、tttheendatyrktn.franealsinduedspaintakearnenglandin1779.aftertheaeriansnthear,thefrenhenpresentedthestatueflibertytaerians.thefrenhenbuiltlserelatinshipithaerians.andanyfrenheniigratedintaeriafrpursuingney,business,andhappiness.tseextent,thefrenhutlknneyinfluenedtheaerians.frthephilsphialperspetive,

19、theylearnthateverythinghasannetinintherld,stheyanntseparatenethingfranther.freugeniegrandet,theyknthatgrandetistherepresentativefney.hever,hentheyentinaerians,theajrityfpeplensideraeriansasaterialistsandthelversfney.pursuingneyhasreallybeeakeypartintheaerianlifeandinaveryiprtantpsitin.innesurveyinae

20、ria,thereare89perentagreedthattheirsietyisuhtnetary,74heirlife,theybelieveneyisbundtetrue,andneyiseverything.hever,intheunitesstates,therearestillaltfpepleharekindandar-hearted.theygivetheirneythelpthers.theyarethegdspresents.justfrprivatednatin,itisntjusttheri

21、hesthatdnateinaeriansiety.infat,aajrityftheusasppulatinntributestharitableauses,hispint,theyaredifferentfrgrandet.theyarenttherihen,buttheyarear-hearted.hattheyhavedneisthesaeasgrandetsdaughterdid.sthisthesisshuldhavedeepanalysesfgrandetphenenninaeria,hihhelpu

22、sunderstandtheaeriansutlknney.iiitheaeriansutlknneya.relevantinfratinfirstly,theyshuldhaveadeepunderstandingfney.frthexfrdenglishditinary,theyknthattherd“neyhastdefinitins:1.eansfpayent,espeiallyrnsandbankntes,givenandaeptedinbuyingandselling.2.ealth;ttalvaluefsebdysprperty.hever,indernaeriansiety,n

23、eydesntjusteanash,dllarbillsandins.theunitedstatesisbeingaashlesssietyquikly.nadays,heksandreditsardsrkjustasellas“realney,ifntbetter.ahekingaunthasbeealstaneessityfrstaerians.stresaeptheksdrannlalbanksaspayentfrpurhase.eventeenagershavetheirnreditardsindernaeria.this“plastineyallsapersnspendingfree

24、.butitalsgetstheintaltfdebts.justfrsanytypesf“neyanddifferentusages,tseextent,thedernaeriansarehangingtheirutlknney.theyakestfaeriansthinkthatneyisntall,butitisstfall.anneybuyhappiness?anyaeriansthinks.aeriansbelievelife,libertyandthepursuitfhappinesshaveaertainnnetin.andhatdesthepursuitfhappinessea

25、n?frany,iteanspursuingney.suess-rientedaeriansfteneasurepeplesrthbyhuhtheyhave.frthatreasns,heunitedstates,ntallaeriansarerih,butstnernabutney.theyhaveanatinallyrepresentativesurveyfativeaerians.theyhaveintervieedrethan150peplefrvariusfaithsandupatins

26、ingreaterdepth.theirrespnsesprvideaerianshavedeepestbsessinfney.“neyisregardedasaeansfrattainingurpssessins.henaskedhiprtant“havingabeautifulhe,anear,andtherniethingsastthe,thedatash78perentfthepeplesaid“veryiprtantr“fairlyiprtant,hilenly22perentsaid“ntveryiprtant.therespnseseresiilarhenpepleereaske

27、dabuttheiprtanefbeingablettravelfrpleasure,earingnielthes,andeatingutatexpensiverestaurants.innlusin,neyisaainpartindernaerianlife.theaeriansutlknneydeidesnhatkindflifetheyantthave.b.thereasnsfrtheaeriansutlknneyhydaeriansephasizetheiprtantfney?theyshuldnsiderthequestinfrfursides:firstly,theateriali

28、sisnefreasnsfrtheutlknney.aeriaisasietyinhihrkersustbuyandselltlive.everypartflifebeesadity,sethingtbebughtandsld,hetheritisaputer,thelatestautbile,tehnlgialskills,rurabilitytrk.theediabbardpepleithadvertiseent.erialsinterrupttvandradiprgrasithathyappealttheaerianstgutandbuy.shppinghasalstreplaedbas

29、eballasthenatinalpastie.theaeriansereinduedbythsefatrs.andtheainaytahievetheisney.frexaple,argaratandersn,anauntanthrksinalargefirntheestast,expresseditellhenshesay:“everephasizenaterialgdsveryuh,likeputers.ealayshavetaddthingsturlives.ebuythingsjustbeausefhbeautifulandusefulheneseeitfrtv,advertisee

30、nt.itseasytallneytrruptus.hever,thseadvertiseentsntnlyhaveinfluenentheadults,butalshaveagreatipartntheyungpeple.theyungpeplehavebeereaterial,andbsessivefney.innesurveyntheinternet,90perentfparentsagreedthathildrentdayantedtanyaterialthings.and75perentagreedthatadvertiseentasrruptingurbasiutlknney.fr

31、exaple,terisilver,allegestudenthstudiesattheneyrk,saidsheassilenedbythegreedshesathebeautifullthesfrtvsadvertiseent.frbuyingbeautifullthes,shehasadeepestlvefney.shethinksneyisthenlyaessthelpherntheselthes.sendly,thepetitinakestheaerianshaveadeepbsessinfney.this“l(fā)andfplentyhaslngenjyedabundantaterial

32、andhuanresures.ithastherldslargest,rihest,andstprdutiveeny.andpeplehavegttenelltaterialealth.besidesthat,aeriansbelievethateverynehasanequalpprtunitytsuess.peplearentabandnedbysiallass.theyanrkhardlytiprvetheirstatus.anyiigrantsreahthislandfpprtunityjustfrseekingabetterfuture.thisbeliefinequalpprtun

33、ityhasprduedaspiritfpetitin.itlikesaraetthetpfthesuessladder.hever,ifyuanttbenthetpfthesuessladderintheunitedstates,thefirstthingyuhavetdislletingney.espeiallyfrnadaysaeriansituatin,theunitedstatesstandsastherldsstprinentper,theaeriansarelivinginauntrybththeilitaryinvestentandthefreignpliyahieveent.

34、hever,naeriaisfaingaseriesfhallengesintherldeny.itasnethedinantexprtingnatin,butitspetitivesuperirityaslstgraduallyinthe1970sand1980s.aeriasbiggesthallengeisingfrthepaifiriuntries,suhasjapan,suthkrea,andsingapre.aerianleadershipandresearhintehnlgyanditsvastagriulturalindustryarebeingthreatenedbyther

35、natins.andtherelativeiprtanefaerianenyintherldhasdelined.thesituatinftheaerianenytellsaeriansthattheyusthaveenughney,nlyinthisayantheysueed,andtheyanstillkeeptheleadershipftherld.thirdly,iigrantshaveputtheirutlknneyintthedernaeriansind.theirutlksnneyhavegreatinfluenentheirdesendantsinaeria.itisafals

36、epinintsaythattheunitedstateshasnhistry,rntuhfit,ifyuaretunderstandthedernnatin.shehashernhistry,fullffeatures,anddifferenesfranythernatin,anditshistryfhaeriahasbeehatsheistday.ntherningft.12,1942,hristpherlubusstppedashrenanislandinhathassinebeeknnasaeria.thearrivalfhisshipsintheesternheisphereasne

37、fthepivtaleventsintherldhistry.itpenedupanerldfreurpeansandinitiatedthespreadfesternivilizatintaneheisphere.largenuberfiigrants,ntnlyfrengland,butalsfrfrane,geranyandanytheruntries,puredin.thenelandalspeneditsdrstelethseseekingplitialandreligiusfreedasellastheadventurer,theperseuted,thefrtuneseekers

38、,andthers.theyalladptedtheenglishlanguagebuttheirnulturedidntdisappearpletely.theseiigrantsrkedtgetherandreatedaerianulturehihasblendingfeurpeanulturesunderneirustane.hever,stiigrantgrupsaetaeriafrfullfhpesanddreasfthe“prisedland,andsughttheirfrtuneinaneuntryhihasthughtthaveunliitedresures.beausethe

39、iigrantshadtheaitearnney,theyaredabutneyveryuh.neybeaeaveryiprtantpartintheirlife.theytaughttheirhildrenabuttheiprtantfney.furthly,thereligiusfaithhasgreatipatntheutlknney.religinisaveryiprtantpartflifeinaeria,justasseesternersentthatreliginshapestheesternharaterandulture.inaeria,thenstitutinayelles

40、tablishaseparatinbeteenhurhandstate,butrareistheitizenhalksintavtingbthithutapartiularsetfreligiusrralutlks,utlksthatftenaffeteutefaplitialrae.nthehle,eanntdenytheinfluenefreliginnaerianlife.eanhile,religinisnatinal.ver90perentfaerianssaythattheybelieveingd.frexaple,thesuthernbaptisthurhhassixteenil

41、linebers,thelargestprtestantgrupintheu.s.ver40perentgtthehurhrsynaggueatleastneaeek.halfftheaerianprtestantsareativehurhebers.evenaerianneyreindsthefreligin.therds“ingdetrustarestapedntheins.thehurhenuragesaerianstbelessaterialistiandnetary.henjurnalistsritefgreed,71perentagreethatbeinggreedyisasina

42、gainstgd.religiusfaithprvidedearliergeneratinsfaeriansitharallanguagethathelpurbthepursuitfney.eshuldagreethatreligiusfaithisasurefisdandguidaneinsedegree.justfrthereligiusfaith,ithelpsaeriansbelievethatneyisnteverything.thateansneyisntall.advantagesftheaeriansutlknneythughtheaeriansutlknneyephasize

43、nneyveryuh,itisbenefiialtthedernaerians.neanenglishritersaid:“l(fā)akfneyisthesureftheevil.thughneyanntbringhappiness,nneyillprduegreaterpain,andthehappinessanntexist.thatistsayneyayberegardedasaeansfrattainingtherthings,ratherthanasanendinitself.stfaeriansdraatightnnetinbeteenneyandtherthings.theutlknn

44、eyanhelpaerianahievealtfthings.freed,frinstane,isnefurdeepestvalues,andinnesurvey,71perentagreedthat“havingreneyeanshavingrefreed.r76perentagreedthat“havingneygiveseagdfeelingabutyself.thesurveyalsshedthatrryingabutnthavingenughneyissignifiantlyrelatingithntfeelinggdabutneself.eanhile,iftheyannsider

45、neyasaeanfrhelpingthers,itanalshelpaeriansthaveasuessfullife.andtheutlknneyakesaeriansdanyharitablednatins.entiethatgdrksandrganizedharityereanintegralpartftheaeriansharaters.theaeriansarebsessiveithself-iprveentandearnneyhavebeenapaniedbyanurgetiprvetheirlife.frexaple,thepresidentfaay,dugdevshusene

46、yinprperpsitin,andspendshisneynhelpingthers.hedesaltfharities,hihanhelptheirpanyhaveagdreputatin.andinhisfailies,theybelievehenpeplehaveredundantney,theyshuldspendtheirneynapprpriatepsitin,suhasharity,heunitedstates,abut90perentfpeplearenfidentintheprdutsfaay.e

47、anhile,heaytpursueney,theyattainrethanney.theylearnideknledge,theayttreatthersandsn.neyakesthenabetterlife.hever,itisntjusttherihthatdnateinaeriansiety.infat,aajrityftheu.sppulatinntributestharitableauses,evenfrtheiddle-lassandtherki

48、nglass.thefllingarealtfdataandexaplestprveit.sine1990,haritablednatinsbyindividualsintheusahavegrnbyrethanhalf,fr110billint180billinusdin2022.abut70%t80%faeriansntributeannuallytatleastneharity.ardingttheaerianassiatinffundraisingunseltrustfrphilanthrpysannual“givingusareprtreleasedjune13,2022.aeria

49、nsgavenearly250billinusdtharitiesin2022,a3.7perentinreasedverthe241billindllarntributedin2022.eanhile,altffundsarebuiltintheunitedstates.frexaple,thearnegierpratinfneyrkreatedin1911byandrearnegie,thefundatinaard,se80illindllaringrantannually.itfusesnfurarea-eduatins,internatinalpeaeandseurity,intern

50、atinaldevelpent,andstrengtheningusderay.grantreipientsinludetheaffairfund,andtheharvarduniversity.therkefellerfundatinisnefthenatinsldestprivateharitablerganizatins.itsupprtsgrants,fellships,andnferenesfrprgrasthattriestidentifyandalleviateneedandsufferingarundtherld.d.disadvantagesftheaeriansutlknn

51、eyjustfrlvefney,theaerianshaveausedseriussialprbles.apartfralnstersheatthersfrney.undertheattrativefney,theyanttgainthestneyfrtheusters.theyftenprduevilentfil,gaes,rbadqualityprdutstgainney.thereisaarningfrnenespaper:theadultsshuldbealerttpaniesthatsellvilentfilsttheirhildren.iththeextensiveusefable

52、tv,videtapesandputers,hildrenhaverepprtunitiestseebldyvilentsenes.thesethingshaveadeyuthbelievethatthegunan“slveallprbles.itisaseriussialprble.aninvestigativereprtsissuednaugust1,2001byau.snn-gvernentalathdggrup-parentstelevisinunil(pt)saidthatvileneintelevisinprgrasfr8t9p.evenbs,regardedasthe“l(fā)eane

53、sttvnetrk,ernatinalheraldtribunereprtedthatneaerianyuthuldsee40,000urderasesand200,000thervilentatsfrtheediabefretheagef18.isurprisefsuhabignuber.astheyknthattheyungpeplearethehpefanatin,hever,nadays,theyareindanger.frexaple,narh7,2022,a15yearsldstudentk

54、illedtandunded13fellsstudentsatsantanahighshlinalifrnia.tdayslater,narh7,2022,a14yearsldgirlstudentshtdeadashlatefhersintheafeteriafaranathlishlinpennsylvania.justfrgainneyfredia,ithasausedahighratefrie.eanhardlynnetneyitheletin.hever,theviefneyandestryaderatieletinintheunitedstates.eletin,espeially

55、frtheeletinfpresidentisveryiprtantinauntry.iftheeletinisntjustie,thepepleuldsufferthepainunderthetyranny.itisbelievedthataeriaisaderayuntryandthepressfeletinisjustie.hever,earerng;therearestillsepepleuseneytbuyplitirightandney.neybeetheevil,neydestryedtheaeriansderay.thefederalandstategvernentshaveb

56、eentakenverbythsehareabletprvideulti-illindllareletinapaignfunds.ealthypersnrunfrffierthey“buytheirnandidates,thentheseeletedffiialsarryuttheprgrasfthsehputtheintper.thestvisibleexapleisenrnshairan,keylay,giving2billindllarstthebushapaignandthenallbythebushadinistratintanipulatetheenergyarketstakebi

57、llins.iii.slutinsttheprblesftheaeriansutlknneyinfat,neyisarldlanguage.hetherhineseraerian,neyisjustney.theneysvalueisdeidedbyhuan,shtdealithneyandtheutlknneyareveryiprtant.hatdestheaverageaeriafailydithneyatpresent?frstffailies,thefirstthingtheyhavetdistanageit.failiesftenkeeparefulfinanialrerds.any

58、fthespendtheirineinaplanneday.theyftenplanfrbasiexpenseslikehusing,fd,lthes,andedialbills.naverage,aerianssavearund5perentftheirine.allfthesendutsareapprpriate.hever,theyneedtfindbetterethdsfrdealingiththedisadvantagesftheutlknney.firstly,theaeriansshuldreebergdintheirhearts.theybelievegd.andthebibl

59、eteahesthethatenjytheirlife.stheyshuldreeberthatearningneyisjustfrahappylife.neupnatie,ablaksingersaid:“thughisingtheflksngsinthestreetandnlyanearnlittleney,theyakeefeelhappy.idthethingireallylike.sendly,theaeriansshuldearnneythrughtheprperay.setvprgradesinvestigatinsabuttheethdsfrearningneyangillinaires.thefllingaretheruialfatrsinthesuess.1