2023版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第一部分教材知識(shí)梳理Unit3SportsAndFitness課件新人教版必修第一冊(cè)

1、UNIT 3SPORTS AND FITNESS核心單詞閱讀詞匯1.soccer n.足球；足球運(yùn)動(dòng)2.stadium n.體育場(chǎng)；運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)3.boxing n.拳擊(運(yùn)動(dòng))4.badminton n.羽毛球運(yùn)動(dòng)5.marathon n.馬拉松賽跑6.ski adj.滑雪的vi.滑雪7.legend n.傳奇故事(或人物)；傳說8.master n.高手；主人vt.精通；掌握9.honour n.榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸10.medal n.獎(jiǎng)?wù)拢粍渍?1.apart adv.分離；分開；成碎片12.pretend vt.& vi.假裝；裝扮13.cheat vi.作弊；舞弊vt.欺騙；蒙騙 n.欺騙手

2、段；騙子vi.節(jié)食14.diet n.規(guī)定飲食；日常飲食15.rather adv.相當(dāng)；有點(diǎn)兒16.push-up n.俯臥撐17.jog vi.慢跑n.慢跑18.error n.錯(cuò)誤；差錯(cuò)高頻詞匯1._ n.比賽項(xiàng)目；大事；公開活動(dòng)event2._ n.跑道；足跡；鐵路軌道vt.& vi.追蹤；跟蹤3._ vt.使出汗；出汗弄濕vi.出汗；流汗 n.汗水；出汗tracksweatcaptainmillion4._ n.(運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì))隊(duì)長；船長；機(jī)長5._ num.一百萬6._ n.觀眾；聽眾audiencepositiveslim7._ adj.積極的；正面的；樂觀的，肯定的8._ adj.苗

3、條的；單薄的拓展詞匯1.fit v. 適合；安裝adj. 健康的；適合的；能勝任的_ n.健康；健壯；適合fitnesshostess2.host vt. 主辦；主持n. 主人；東道主；節(jié)目主持人 _ n.女主人；女主持人gymnastics3.gym n.健身房；體育館_ n.體操(訓(xùn)練)4.athlete n.運(yùn)動(dòng)員；運(yùn)動(dòng)健兒_ adj.運(yùn)動(dòng)的；活躍的；健壯的athleticglorious5.glory n.榮譽(yù)；光榮；贊美_ adj.光榮的6.champion n.冠軍；優(yōu)勝者_(dá) n.錦標(biāo)賽；冠軍賽；冠軍稱號(hào)determinationdetermined7._ n.決心；決定deter

4、mine v.決定；確定_ adj.有決心的injuredinjury8.injure vt.使受傷；損害_ adj.受傷的；有傷的_ n.傷害；損傷gracestrengthstrengthen9._ n.優(yōu)美；大方graceful adj.優(yōu)美的；優(yōu)雅的10._ n.力量；體力_ v.加強(qiáng)；鞏固；變強(qiáng)strong adj.強(qiáng)壯的；強(qiáng)烈的_ adv.強(qiáng)烈地；強(qiáng)有力地championshipstrongly11.fail v.失敗_ n.失??；失敗的人(或事物)pete vi.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；對(duì)抗_ n.競(jìng)賽_n.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者；對(duì)手_ adj.有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的failure13.stress n.壓力；緊張；重音v

5、t.強(qiáng)調(diào)；重讀；使焦慮不安vi.焦慮不安_ adj.感到有壓力的；緊張的_adj.令人緊張的stressedstressfulcompetitioncompetitorcompetitive聯(lián)想積累【派生構(gòu)詞】1.stressful(名詞形容詞后綴-ful形容詞)careful 小心的powerful 強(qiáng)有力的2.fitness(形容詞名詞后綴-ness名詞)blindness 失明darkness 黑暗【合成構(gòu)詞】championship(名詞 1名詞 ship新名詞)friendship 友誼membership 會(huì)員ownership 所有權(quán)relationship 關(guān)系重點(diǎn)短語e _

6、跟隨；到達(dá)；進(jìn)步；趕快alongan2.work _ 鍛煉；計(jì)算出；解決3.make _ 獲得成功；準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)itup4.set _ example 樹立榜樣5.fall _ 破裂；破碎；崩潰lose6._ heart 喪失信心；泄氣7.give _ 放棄；投降8.make _ 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚apartoutsense9.pretend to _ sth.假裝做某事doeven10._ if/though 即使；雖然aratheroutand11.make _ difference 有作用或影響12._ than 而不是13.cut._ 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下14.now _

7、then 有時(shí)；偶爾pare._.與比較with/to精選佳句教材原句Whynot1._ _ run an exciting marathon? 為 什 么 不跑一次令人興奮的馬拉松呢？句式結(jié)構(gòu)句式 1：Why not do sth.？委婉地提出建議教材原句Hereare2._ _ our first two choices.以下是我們首批遴選出的兩位傳奇人物。句式結(jié)構(gòu)句式 2：here/there/now/than 引起的完全倒裝句教材原句hadbeeninjured3.One of the best players _ _ _ ，and the team captain had to le

8、ave because of heart problems. 最優(yōu)秀的隊(duì)員中有一人受傷了，而且隊(duì)長也因心臟問題離隊(duì)。句式結(jié)構(gòu)句式 3：had been done 是過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)教材原句eventhough4.I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV_ I knew that it was impossible. 我總是努力想讓自己看起來像電視上的那些苗條女孩，盡管我明知這不可能。句式結(jié)構(gòu)句式 4：even if/though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句課文復(fù)現(xiàn)Lang Ping and Michael Jordan are masters

9、 in their sports andalso set good examples1._ others.forwas testedLang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad.When theChinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup ， herdetermination 2._ (test).Two players had to leave.Losingtwo important players was 3._ big challenge, but LangPing did not los

10、e heart.She knew her young players could win4._ they worked together as a team.Two weeks later, theyaifwere world champions!Michael Jordan who became 5._ (know) as “AirJordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps.Hisskills were 6._ (impress)，but the mental strength that heshowed made

11、 him unique.He always seemed to find a way7._ (win).Jordan says that the secret to his success islearning from his 8._ (fail).Losing games taught him topractise even 9._ (hard) than before.In life, Jordan haslearnt to share his success with others.The Boys and Girls Clubwhich he started in Chicago 1

12、0._ (help) youngpeople since 1996.failuresharderhas been helpingThey are our pride and their legends continue.knownto winimpressive單句語法填空events1.In nature, the results depend on conditions as well as how_ (event) develop.2.We couldnt imagine when the machine _ (track)and monitored us.trackedDetermin

13、ed3. _ (determine) to go to a key university, Mary isalways the first to come and the last to go.4.He was _ (athlete), popular, and made his way tosuccess.athleticinjuredbe compared5.One of his eyes was _ (injure) in an accident, butafter an operation, he quickly recovered his sight.6.My sister like

14、s swimming but she thinks it cannot_ (compare) with reading.strength7.“I am happy to use my own_ (strong) to help othersas much as I can.” Gloria said.8.To work with a famous company, you must get prepared forfierce _ (compete) from all petition9.Youd better turn to those who can help you to take co

15、ntrolof your life and to live _ (positive).positively10.When you are _ (stress), your body tenses up as ifit is about to get into a fight.stressed1.honour n.榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸【原句】 As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory toher country.(教材 P38)作為一名運(yùn)動(dòng)員，郎平為她的祖國贏得了榮譽(yù)?！镜淅?Washington ， a state in the United

16、 States ， was named inhonour of one of the greatest American presidents.華盛頓，美國的一個(gè)州，是為了紀(jì)念美國一名最偉大的總統(tǒng)而命名的。I am honoured to have a speech here./I feel it an honour tohave a speech here.我很榮幸在此發(fā)言?！練w納】in honour of.為了紀(jì)念；為了向表示敬意show honour to sb.尊敬某人have the honour of doing/to do sth.有幸做某事feel it an honour t

17、o do sth.感覺做某事很榮幸It is an honour (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)很榮幸做某事。honour sb.向某人表示敬意be/feel honoured to do sth.很榮幸做某事【點(diǎn)津】honourhonor，既可以用作名詞又可以用作動(dòng)詞，作為名詞表達(dá)“一項(xiàng)榮譽(yù)”，用不定冠詞 an 修飾，即an honour/honor?！就卣埂縣onourable adj.光榮的；值得尊敬的；品德高尚的【即學(xué)即用】單句語法填空(1)He felt greatly _ (honour) to be invited to thewedding ceremony.

18、honouredan(2)Its _honour to have you here today，Mr.President.完成句子，每空一詞Itisfeela(3)我很榮幸能夠被邀請(qǐng)來參加你的生日聚會(huì)。_ _a great honour for me to be invited toyour birthday party. I_ it_great honour to be invited to yourbirthday party.2.injure vt.使受傷；損害【原句】 One of the best players had been injured, and theteam capta

19、in had to leave because of heart problems.( 教材 P38) 最優(yōu)秀的隊(duì)員中有一人受傷了，而且隊(duì)長也因心臟問題離隊(duì)?！镜淅縃e was badly injured when he was cycling along the valley.沿著山谷騎自行車時(shí)，他身受重傷。the injured.一個(gè) 15 歲A fifteenyearold girl was among的女孩是受傷人員之一。 The big stone rolling down in the landslide did a seriousinjury to the man in his

20、 car.泥石流中滾動(dòng)的石頭嚴(yán)重地傷害了車?yán)锏哪腥??！军c(diǎn)津】(1)injure 是及物動(dòng)詞即 injure sb./sth. ，常見搭配：be/getinjured。(2)theadj.表示一類人，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。詞匯含義injure在事故或打斗中受傷hurt肉體傷害或感情傷害wound刀、槍等武器的傷害，尤指在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)中受傷harm傷害人的健康、權(quán)利、事業(yè)等【辨析】 injure，hurt，wound 與 harm【拓展】(1)injured adj.受傷的；有傷的be badly injured 嚴(yán)重受傷the injured 傷員(作主語時(shí)一般看作復(fù)數(shù))(2)injury n.傷害；損傷

21、do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.傷害某人【即學(xué)即用】單句語法填空injuries(1)He suffered _ (injure) to his legs and arms when hefell off the tree.injured(2)Luckily ， the _ (injure) were soon taken to thehospital.an(3)Be careful with that knife, or youll do yourself_injury.選詞填空(injure/hurt/wound/harm)hurtharm(4)He

22、ignored her on purpose，which _ her feelings.(5)Reading in the sun will _ your eyes.(6)Five people were killed and many others were seriously_ in the attack.woundedinjured(7)Luckily, she was not badly _in the pete vi.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；對(duì)抗【原句】 An athlete should think about honour and his/herfans if he/she is competin

23、g for his/her country.(教材 P41)如果一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員在為他/她的國家比賽，那么他/她應(yīng)該考慮榮譽(yù)和粉絲們?！镜淅緾harles felt it was useless to compete with/against others.查爾斯感覺和他人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)沒用。Companies must be able to compete in the marketplace. 公司一定要在市場(chǎng)中有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。 In this competitive world, we are all competitors andeverybody competes with each other.We

24、should make a goodatmosphere of competition.在這個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的世界里，我們都是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者，大家互相競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。我們應(yīng)該營造一個(gè)良好的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境?！練w納】compete for.為爭(zhēng)取而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)compete with/against 與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)/比賽compete in.在中競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；參加比賽【拓展】(1)competitor n.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者；對(duì)手；敵手(2)competition n.比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)in competition with.同競(jìng)爭(zhēng)(3)competitive adj.有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的【即學(xué)即用】單句語法填空in(1)He finally got a chance to comp

25、ete _ the talentshow.(2)They found themselves competing _ foreigncompanies for a share of the market.with/against完成句子，每空一詞(3)昨天，非常有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者們參加了這場(chǎng)比賽。Yesterday, all the _ who were very_competed in the _.competitorscompetitivecompetition4.pretend vi.& vt.假裝；裝扮【原句】 A soccer player should notpretend to fa

26、ll downeven if it helps his/her team.(教材 P41)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員不應(yīng)該假裝摔倒，即使這對(duì)他/她的球隊(duì)有幫助?！镜淅縄 dont want to pretend to be an expert on the subject. 我不想妄稱自己是該學(xué)科的專家。 So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be likeher, I wouldpretend to be reading.所以我隨身攜帶一本書，并且在每天晚上，為了像她一樣，我會(huì)假裝在讀書。Jim pretended to have solv

27、ed the difficult problem.吉姆假裝已經(jīng)解決了那個(gè)難題?！練w納】pretend to do.假裝做pretend to be.假裝是pretend to be doing.假裝正在做pretend to have done.假裝做過【即學(xué)即用】單句語法填空to be reading(1)He pretended _ (read) when his motherreturned home.to admire(2)Jane pretends _ (admire) Jack, though privatelyshe dislikes him.完成句子，每空一詞(3)她假裝已經(jīng)理

28、解了這個(gè)問題，但事實(shí)上她沒有。She pretended _ _ _ the question,but in fact she didnt make sense of it.haveunderstoodto 1.make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚【原句】 That doesnt make any sense！(教材 P41)那沒有任何意義！【典例】 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of theother planets in the sky make sense.只有你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能講

29、得通。 However, this isnt true since some phrases, if translatedliterally, wouldmake no sense.然而，事實(shí)并非如此，因?yàn)橛行┒陶Z，如果按字面翻譯，根本就沒有任何意義。Can you make sense of what I say？你能領(lǐng)會(huì)我說的意思嗎？There is no sense in criticizing her any more. 再批評(píng)她也沒有用。In no sense can we give up when it comes to study.當(dāng)談到學(xué)習(xí)，我們絕不能放棄?！練w納】make n

30、o sense 沒道理；沒意義make sense of 理解；弄懂there is no sense (in) doing sth.做某事沒意義in no sense 絕不(位于句首句子用部分倒裝)in a sense 在某種意義上a sense of humour/direction/responsibility 幽默感/方向感/責(zé)任感【即學(xué)即用】單句語法填空debating(1)There is no sense _ (debate) the problem any more.(2)_ no sense can the problem be said to have beensolved

31、.In補(bǔ)全句子，每空一詞makesnosense(3)See, your computer has broken down again! It_ _ (沒意義) to buy the cheapest brand of computerjust to save a few dollars.(4)I am sure David will be able to find the library he has_ _ _ _ _ ( 很好的方向感).agoodsenseofdirection2.rather than 而不是【原句】 Once I started thinking about fitn

32、ess rather thanweight, things began to change.(教材 P42)一旦我開始考慮健康而不是體重，事情就有了變化。【典例】These outdoor clothes are comfortable rather than beautiful.這些戶外服裝穿著舒服，但并不漂亮。He is a biologist rather than a physicist.他是生物學(xué)家，而不是物理學(xué)家。You rather than he are to blame. 是你而不是他該受到責(zé)備?！军c(diǎn)津】A rather than B謂語動(dòng)詞其他，謂語動(dòng)詞與主語 A 在人稱和

33、數(shù)上保持一致?！就卣埂?1)or rather 更確切地說(2)other than 除了【即學(xué)即用】單句語法填空doubts(1)Peter rather than I_ (doubt) whether the problem isworth thinking about.補(bǔ)全句子，每空一詞ratherthan(2)We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differencesunite, _ _ (而不是) divide us.orrather(3)This new product, _ _ (更確切地說), thisnew style

34、of shirt, is not very attractive.otherthan(4)She has no close friends _ _ (除了) him.3.cut.out 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下【原句】 Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I addedhealthy foods to my meals.(教材 P42)我不再拒絕我喜愛的食物，而是在自己的三餐中添加健康食品?！镜淅縏he little boy cut a picture out of the newspaper to make aposter.為了制作

35、海報(bào)，這個(gè)小男孩從報(bào)紙上剪下了一個(gè)圖片。He decided to cut sugar out because of his weight. 由于他的體重，他決定停止吃糖。Cut out the paragraph unnecessary from the essay. 刪掉論文中不必要的段落?！練w納】cut off 切斷；中斷；使隔絕cut in 插嘴；插入cut up 切碎cut down 砍倒；削減【即學(xué)即用】單句語法填空(1)My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least hehas cut_.downinoffout(2)

36、She always focused on what her friend said and seldomcut_.(3)Finally he reached a lonely island which was completelycut_ from the outside world.(4)I cut _ the paragraph in this article.1.One of the best players had been injured, and the teamcaptain had to leave because of heart problems.(教材 P38)最優(yōu)秀的

37、隊(duì)員中有一人受傷了，而且隊(duì)長也因心臟問題離隊(duì)?！酒饰觥?本句中 had been injured 是過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。過去完成時(shí)態(tài)指先于過去某動(dòng)作發(fā)生前完成的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”，用“had過去分詞”表示?！镜淅?2018北京卷單項(xiàng)填空)A rescue worker risked his lifesaving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for twodays.一個(gè)救援人員冒著生命危險(xiǎn)救了兩個(gè)被困在山里兩天的游客。(2018江蘇卷單項(xiàng)填空)I was sent to the village lastmonth

38、to see how the development plan had been carried out in thepast two years.上個(gè)月我被派到那個(gè)村子里去看了看在過去的兩年里這個(gè)發(fā)展計(jì)劃實(shí)施得怎么樣了。 By the time I rushed to the train station, the train hadalready left.當(dāng)我趕到火車站時(shí)，火車已經(jīng)開走了?！军c(diǎn)津】過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作(即表示“過去的過去”)；時(shí)間狀語可用 by, before 等構(gòu)成的短語，也可用時(shí)間狀語從句或通過上下文的語境表示?！炯磳W(xué)即用】單句語法填空h

39、ad recommendedhad become(1)During his stay in Xian, Jerry tried almost all the localfoods his friends_ (recommend).(2)Silk _ (become) one of the primary goodstraded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.had left(3)It was the first time that he_ (leave) his homeland.2.I always wanted to look like the s

40、lim girls on TV eventhough I knew that it was impossible.( 教材 P42) 我總是努力想讓自己看起來像電視上的那些苗條女孩，盡管我明知這不可能?！酒饰觥?本句是由 even though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。句中的 even though 可以和 even if 互換。【典例】(2017北京卷單項(xiàng)填空)Although birds use their feathersfor flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.盡管鳥類用它們的羽毛來飛行，可是它們的羽毛還有其他用處。

41、 My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, eventhough he is in his nineties.盡管我祖父已經(jīng)九十多歲了，但他仍可以時(shí)不時(shí)地打打網(wǎng)球?！就卣埂?1)as if/though 意為“好像”，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。(2)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的詞還有 although, though, as, while，no matter疑問詞，疑問詞ever?！炯磳W(xué)即用】單句語法填空evenwere(1)I wont give up, _ if I failed a hundred times.(2)The stick put in t

42、he water looks as if it _ (be)broken.Although/Though(3)_ scientists have learned a lot about theuniverse, there is much we still dont known.【題目】健康生活很重要，但今天很多青少年卻不注意。他們長時(shí)間上網(wǎng)玩游戲、聊天，很少參加戶外活動(dòng)，這對(duì)他們產(chǎn)生很多危害，如：視力下降，身體虛弱，缺少人際交往。請(qǐng)你就此現(xiàn)象談?wù)勀愕目捶?。注意?.詞數(shù) 80 左右；2.標(biāo)題和開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Have a Healthy LifestyleAs we all know, living a healthy life is important andnec