2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)備考專項(xiàng)沖刺專題05代詞含解析

1、2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)備考專項(xiàng)沖刺專題05代詞含解析2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)備考專項(xiàng)沖刺專題05代詞含解析2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)備考專項(xiàng)沖刺專題05代詞含解析專題05 【代詞】解題指導(dǎo)觸類旁通尋方法,求策略，掌握“套路”瞻前顧后選代詞一、通過句子成分確定填什么代詞分析句子成分,當(dāng)句子中缺少主語、定語、賓語或表語時(shí),一般填代詞；確定填代詞之后，再看一下設(shè)空處所填代詞是否與前文提到的人或物有指代關(guān)系。如果句中缺主語，則可填人稱代詞主格、指示代詞、不定代詞或it；如果缺賓語，則可填人稱代詞賓格；如果賓語與主語是指同一人，則應(yīng)用反身代詞。作主語:人稱代詞主格(I、 we、 you、 he、

2、she、 they、 it）.根據(jù)上下文確定人稱代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)及指代是否一致作賓語：人稱代詞賓格(me、 us、 you、 him、 her、 them、 it）、名詞性物主代詞(ours、 mine、 yours、 his、 hers、 theirs、 its)。作表語：賓格代詞或名詞性物主代詞。作定語:形容詞性物主代詞（our、 my、 your、 his、 her、 their、 its)。形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞，不能單獨(dú)使用;名詞性物主代詞，不能修飾名詞。如果賓語與主語是指同一人，用反身代詞(myself、 ourselves、 yourself、 yourselves、 himsel

3、f、 herself、 itself、 themselves）,用反身代詞時(shí)，其人稱和數(shù)要與所指代的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致?？吹讲欢ù~，思考其是否與語境的數(shù)量概念符合；判斷該用否定還是肯定意義。二、通過句式結(jié)構(gòu)判斷是否填it填it的情況：作形式主語或形式賓語； 指代前面提到的;指代前面所提到過的同一個(gè)事物、情況或想法等，也可指代不清楚或沒必要知道性別的說話對(duì)象。還指代時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離、天氣、季節(jié)等。固定搭配，如make it “成功；按時(shí)到達(dá)”； get it “理解，明白”。三、牢記：the other/another/other/others/the others的用法the o

4、ther可單獨(dú)使用特指兩個(gè)人或物中的另一個(gè);another 泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一個(gè)”，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞;other表“其他的”，修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞；others表“其他的人或物”，只能單獨(dú)使用，常與some連用;the others特指“其他的全部人或物?？键c(diǎn)突破針對(duì)提能明考點(diǎn)，攻重難，有效提升考點(diǎn)一 人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞類別功能第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱代詞主格作主語Iweyouyouhesheitthey賓格作賓語meusyouyouhimheritthem物主代詞形容詞性作定語myouryouryourhisheritstheir名詞性作主、表或賓語mineoursy

5、oursyourshishersitstheirs反身代詞作賓、表或同位語myselfour。 selvesyourselfyour。selveshimselfherselfitselfthem。selves1。人稱代詞的主格多作句子主語，有時(shí)用作表語；賓格多用在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語，也可作表語或同位語。在口語中，常用人稱代詞的賓格作表語.特別注意：人稱代詞指代的數(shù)量前后要一致。The students must be made to understand how important each subject is to them。必須使學(xué)生明白每門功課對(duì)他們來說多么重要.2形容詞性物主代詞

6、相當(dāng)于形容詞，在句中只能作名詞或動(dòng)名詞的前置定語，不能單獨(dú)使用。名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞名詞，可單獨(dú)作主語、表語和賓語，也可與of連用作后置定語，但不能單獨(dú)作定語。The main difference between our brains and those of monkeys is that ours are bigger。我們的大腦和猴子的大腦之間的主要差別在于我們的要大些.3含有反身代詞的習(xí)慣用語：by oneself單獨(dú)地；獨(dú)自地for oneself 親自；為自己devote oneself to 致力于apply oneself to 專心致志于enjoy one

7、self 過得愉快help oneself to 隨便吃；隨便用make oneself at home 不拘束seat oneself 坐下behave oneself 舉止得體come to oneself 恢復(fù)知覺；蘇醒過來adapt/adjust oneself to 適應(yīng)于abandon oneself to 沉迷于；放縱于express oneself 表達(dá)自己的思想lose oneself in（be lost in) 迷失say to oneself 心里想talk to oneself 自言自語考點(diǎn)二 不定代詞1不定代詞的基本用法each/everyeach指“(兩者或兩者以

8、上的人或物的)每個(gè)”,可與of短語搭配；every 指“(三者或三者以上的人或物的）每個(gè)”，在句中只作定語，不可與of短語搭配both/allboth表示“兩者都”；all 指“（三者或三者以上的人或物的）所有，全部”either/neithereither表示“（兩者中的）任何一個(gè)；neither表示“兩者都不none/nothingno one/nobodynone指人或物，表特指，表示“(三者或三者以上中)無一個(gè)，沒有一點(diǎn)”,可與of短語連用；nothing指物，表泛指，表示“沒有任何東西,沒有事”,不與of短語連用; no one/nobody 指人，表泛指，不與of短語連用anoth

9、er泛指“另一個(gè)other/othersother泛指“另外一些”，只作定語,常與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用;others泛指“其余的人或物，相當(dāng)于other復(fù)數(shù)名詞the other/the othersthe other特指“(兩者之中的)另一個(gè)；the othersthe other可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)few/a fewfew表示“很少人/事物”；a few表示“有些人/事物，一些”，修飾或指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞little/a littlelittle表示“不多的”；a little表示“少量的，一些”，修飾或指代不可數(shù)名詞many/muchmany 表示“許多”，修飾或指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；much表示“許多，修飾

10、或指代不可數(shù)名詞2.不定代詞用于習(xí)慣搭配中nothing but 僅僅；只是anything but 決不something of 有幾分；略微 or something 諸如此類的人或物every other day 每隔一天each other (兩者)相互one another (三者或三者以上)相互one.。another. (三者或三者以上）一個(gè)另一個(gè)one。the other。. (兩者中）一個(gè)另一個(gè)some.。others。. 一些另一些（四川卷)Shed lived in London and Manchester, but she liked neither and move

11、d to Cambridge。她曾在倫敦和曼徹斯特生活過，但是兩地她都不喜歡，因此她搬到了劍橋。(湖北卷）Even if the answer seemed a little strange, nobody but I doubted it。盡管這個(gè)答案好像有點(diǎn)奇怪，但是除了我之外沒人懷疑它.(四川卷）Niki is always full of ideas， but none is useful to my knowledge.尼基總是會(huì)有很多想法，但是就我所知,沒有一個(gè)想法是有用的。(安徽卷)This project requires close teamwork.Nothing will

12、 be achieved unless we work well together.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目需要密切的合作,除非我們通力合作，否則將一事無成。(福建卷)In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in others， knives and forks。在一些國家，人們用筷子吃飯，而在另外一些國家,人們用刀叉吃飯.【名師點(diǎn)津】部分否定和全部否定（1）no one, none, nobody, nothing， not。.any/either以及“no名詞”表示全部否定；(2)all， both， everyone/everybody/

13、everything以及“every名詞”與not 連用時(shí)，表示部分否定;(3）not與總括性副詞，如everywhere, always, altogether 等連用時(shí),也表示部分否定.While I agree with the most of what you said, I dont agree with everything.盡管我同意你的大部分看法，但是并不同意所有的看法?？键c(diǎn)三 it的用法1指代前面所提到過的事情、事物、想法等，也可指代不清楚或沒必要知道性別的說話對(duì)象。還指代時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離、天氣、季節(jié)等.(北京卷)The employment rate has continu

14、ed to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase it。由于當(dāng)?shù)卣?為增加就業(yè)率）所做的努力，大城市的就業(yè)率不斷上升。2用作形式主語或形式賓語，代替不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句。(1）it作形式主語的常用句型:Itbeadj。/n.（for/of sb。)to do sth。It is no good/use/useless doing sth.Its （well） worth doing.。.Itbe名詞詞組(a pity/a fact/no wonder/。）that從句It不及

15、物動(dòng)詞（詞組)(seem/appear/turn out/occur to sb。/.。）that從句Itbe過去分詞that從句It takes sb。time/money to do sth。（天津卷)It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future。對(duì)學(xué)生來說非常清楚的是他們應(yīng)該為他們的將來做好準(zhǔn)備。(2)it作形式賓語的常用句型：主語think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make。.itadj。/n.（for/of sb。)to do st

16、h./that從句主語think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep。.。it useless/worth/worthwhile/no use/no good/a waste of time/money/energy。.doing sth。（山東卷)The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other.這兩個(gè)女孩長(zhǎng)得如此像以至于陌生人覺得很難把她們區(qū)分開?！久麕燑c(diǎn)津】it用于like, enjoy, hate, love, appr

17、eciate等表示喜歡、憎惡等情感的動(dòng)詞以及depend on/upon， see to等動(dòng)詞短語后,再接when, if， that等引導(dǎo)的從句.3含有it的?？级陶Z和句型：It depends。視情況而定。Take it easy. 別著急。believe it or not 信不信由你make it 成功；做到；約定時(shí)間take it for granted that.。. 認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的as someone puts it 像某人所說的那樣When it comes to。 當(dāng)涉及/談到owe it to sb.that。. 把歸功于某人keep it in mind that.。.

18、 把銘記在心Its (high） time that sb. should do/did sth。 是某人該做某事的時(shí)候了.Its the first/second/.。.time that sb. have/has done sth. 是某人第一次/二次/次做某事。It is/has been.。.since。.。 自從多久了.It will be/was.。.before.。. 要過時(shí)間才It is/was時(shí)間點(diǎn)when。. 當(dāng)時(shí)候，時(shí)間是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who?？键c(diǎn)四 替代詞it特指前面提到過的同一個(gè)人或物，不帶任何的修飾語one替代上文出現(xiàn)的“a/an單

19、數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表泛指，同類不同一onesone的復(fù)數(shù)形式，替代上文出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表泛指，同類不同一that替代上文出現(xiàn)的“the不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表特指,同類不同一。其后常跟介詞短語作后置定語those替代上文出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞(尤其是有后置定語時(shí)），表特指，同類不同一We had just rented a car。It looked very old.我們剛租了一輛車.它看起來很舊。Mr。Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one that I have never seen。張先生給了我一件非常有價(jià)值的禮物一件我從來沒有見過的禮物。(浙江

20、卷）In many ways， the education system in the US is not very different from that in the UK.在許多方面,美國的教育制度與英國的教育制度沒有很大差異。The books on the desk are better than those under the desk.桌子上面的書比桌子下面的書要好.跟蹤檢測(cè)遷移應(yīng)用練模擬，練規(guī)范,夯基提能I。高考真題診斷單句語法填空1。 (2020全國I) Data about the moons composition，such as how much ice and oth

21、er treasures it contains，could help China decide whether_（it） plans for a future lunar（月球的）base are practical。（2018全國III） When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find_（they) alive。3。 (2018全國卷） The first time I went there， they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks，

22、and _ animals。4。 （2019天津) A study shows the students who are engaged in afterschool activities are happier than _who are not。5。 (2019全國卷) In the cafe, customers will enjoy _（they)in the historical environment which is created for them.II.精選典題代詞專題對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練單句語法填空6. No news is good news,and good news is no

23、news._are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers。7. On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by_（it) mother.8。 In fact, STEM subjects are fun and exciting. Studying science can do _ （we） good。9. The bridge links three areas, making _

24、much more convenient to travel from one to another.10。 Also， speaking is very difficult for the deaf, because they cant hear _ (they) own voices.11. We are very proud of _（we） and believe we can do more for a better world。To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot agai

25、nst the_.13。 In many ways， the education system in the US is not very different from _in the UK。14。 How would you like_ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?The meeting will be held in September，but _knows the date for s

26、ure.III。精選典題代詞專題對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練單句改錯(cuò)16. I had done myself homework， but I was shy.17。 If we go on a trip abroad， we can broaden your view。18. As is known to all， illnesses always bring pains and sufferings to humans， but doctors can help us get rid of it。19。 Most of we students like to study in the library part

27、ly because its quiet learning environment is beneficial to our study.20. We sat there, afraid to talk， thinking the fish would hear ourselves and flee.IV.精選典題代詞專題對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練短文語法填空“Without the ball， Im half complete of 21._ (I)”，Luis Figo， one of the worlds greatest football players once said。Luis Figo played his first international match in 1991 at the age of 18 and has kept scoring ever since.He reached a new mark on February 18 by playing 22。_ hundredth match for his national team in a friendly match against England。 A crowd of more tha