2023年最新的英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況答案

1、第 PAGE27 頁(yè) 共 NUMPAGES27 頁(yè)2023年最新的英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況答案Unit 1 .Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False. 1. The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T)英倫三島包括英格蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士。 2.People in different parts of Britain lik

2、e to use the name England to refer to their country. (F)British 3. Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language. (F) 4.In terms of population and area，Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom. (F)英格蘭是面積最大，人口最多的 5. The longest river of Br

3、itain originates in Wales. (T)The River Severn:賽文河 6. Because of political troubles，Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom. (T) . Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements. 1. The two main islands of the British Is

4、les are. 不列顛群島是由兩個(gè)大島組成的：不列顛和愛(ài)爾蘭 A.Great Britain and Ireland B.Great Britain and Scotland C.Great Britain and Wales D.Great Britain and England 2. is the capital city of Scotland. A. Belfast B. Edinburgh C. Aberdeen D. Cardiff 3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom，is the smallest. A.England B

5、. Scotland C.Wales D. Northern Ireland 4. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element ofwords to English. A. Danish and Finnish B. Dutch and German C. French and Italian D. Latin and Greek 5. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by theinfluence. A. Norman B. Dutch C

6、. German D. Danish 6. Samuel Johnsons dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of. A. grammar B. handwriting C.spelling D. pronunciation 7. At present, nearly of the worlds population communicate in English. A. half B. aquarter C. One third D. one fifth III. Give brief answers to t

7、he following questions 1. What is the full name of the U.K. The full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland They like to enjoy the beautifulScottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsman wearing

8、 kilts and playing bagpipes. 3. How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and what are they The development of the English language can be divided into three periods: Old English, MiddleEnglish and Modern English. 4. Why did English become more important after the

9、Black Death(黑死病) The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social importance after the Black Death, so English also grew in importance compared to French. . State your understanding of the following questions in about 100words. 1. who are British people The first known inhabitants in Br

10、itain were Celts who are the ancestors of welsh, Scottish and Irish people. Then came the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes who brought with them English language. Many people from other European countries came later, and in modern times there are a lots of immigrants from many formerCommonwealth(共和國(guó)

11、) countries from every part of the world, and the British people are also composed of people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. 2. What is StandardEnglish Standard English is based on the speech of the upper class of the southeastern England; it is widely used in media and taught at sch

12、ools. It is preferred by the educated, middle-class people. Is has developed and has been promoted as a model for the correct BritishEnglish. It is also the norm(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)) carried overseas. Today, StandardEnglish is codified to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary are much the same everywhere in the

13、 world where English is taught and used. Unit 2 I. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False. 1. The British history before 55 BC is basically undocumented. (T) 2. The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC. (T) 3. The

14、name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe the Britons. (T) 4. The AngloSaxons came to Britain in the mid-5th century. (T)(不考) 5. The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F) 6. The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T) 7. Henry II built

15、up a large empire which included England and most of France(T) 8. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged classand the townspeople. (F) 9. The Hundred Years War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans for trade and territory. (F) 10. in an effort to

16、make a compromise between different religious factions，Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T) . Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements. 1Theattack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410 ANorman BDanish CCeltic DGerman

17、ic 2By the late 7th century，became the dominant religion in England ACeltic Christianity BAnglo-Saxon Christianity CGermanic Christianity DRoman Christianity 3Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特教堂) was built at the time of. AStAugustine BEdward the Confessor(懺悔者愛(ài)德華) CWilliam the Conqueror DAlfred the Great 4The

18、marked the establishment of feudalism(封建制度) in England AViking invasion Bsigning of the Magna Carta CNorman Conquest DAdoption of common law 5The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of. Athe House of Valois Bthe House of York Cthe House of Tudor(都鐸樓) Dthe House of Lancaster 出身于族徽為紅玫瑰的蘭開(kāi)斯特家族

19、的亨利都鐸結(jié)束了玫瑰戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，登上了英國(guó)王位，稱亨利七世 6The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIIIS effort to. Adivorce his wife Bbreak with Rome Csupport the Protestants Ddeclare his supreme power over the church 7. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between. AProtestants and PuritansBRoyalists an

20、d Parliamentarians Cnobles and peasantsDaristocrats and Christians 8was passed after the Glorious Revolution(光榮革命) ABill of Rights BAct of Supremacy CProvisions of Oxford DMagna Carta 9.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of thecentury A17th B18th C19th D20th 10Britai

21、n faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century A17th B18th C19th D20th III. Give brief answers to the following questions. 1. What are the two components of the British parliament 2. What were some of Queen Victorias major achievements 3. What were the two

22、 camps in Europe in World War 4. Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World War Answers: 1. They are the House of Commons and the House of Lords. 2. Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect. She promoted further industrial revolution, the building

23、of railways and the growing of trade and commerce. By the end of her reign, Britain had developed to an empire including a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the worlds landmass. 3. The Central Powers which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria and

24、the Allied Powers which were mainly comprised of France, the Russian Empire, the British Empire, Italy and the United States. 4. Because they were allied during the war and shared the same worries about the former Soviet Union. . State your understanding of the following questions. 1. What were the

25、results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain 2. The Rise and Fall of the British Empire Answers: 1. The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial productivity increased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in t

26、he world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sprang up. Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes declined, and new ones emerged and developed. The conflict between the capitalists and the proletarians became the most important political issue. 2. Co

27、lonization of Newfoundland, the first British colony overseas, in 1583 marked the 第一文庫(kù)網(wǎng)beginning of the British Empire. By 1837, Britain had long been an empire which included the colonies in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and many small states in the West Indies. By the end of the 19th centu

28、ry, the British Empire included a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the worlds landmass. During the mid-19th century, the British government consolidated the existing colonies by bringing them under the direct control of the government. Before World War, Britain had the larges

29、t colonial empire in the world. However, Britain suffered great loss to its manpower in the two World Wars and exhausted its reserves of gold, dollars and overseas investment. Most of Britains colonies gained independence since the 1940s, which inevitably led to the fall of the Empire. Unit4 Politic

30、s and Government of UK IRead the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False 1Conventions(黨代會(huì)) are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British governmentF 2The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the historyF 3In reality，the B

31、ritish King or Queen is the source of all government powersF 4British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations(英聯(lián)邦國(guó)家)F 5Lords Spiritual(上議院神職議員) and Lords Temporal(上議院世俗議員) are all members in the British Upper House(上議院).T 6The members in the House of Commons(下議院) are appoint

32、ed rather than electedF 上議院是指派的，下議院是選舉的。 7The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in ParliamentT 8Cabinet members(內(nèi)閣閣員) are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in ParliamentF Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from members of the winning p

33、olitical parties in Parliament 9British law consists of two parts, the civil law and the criminal lawT 10The legal systems in England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practiceF IIChoose the one that best completes each of the following statements

34、 1The British government is characterized by a division of powers between threeof the following branches with the exception of the. Ajudiciary司法 BLegislature立法Cmonarchy Dexecutive行政 2The importance of the British monarchy(君主政體)can be seen in its effect on. Apassing the bills Badvising the government

35、 Cpolitical parties Dpublic attitude 3As a revising chamber(審裁室)，the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons Arival Bcomplement CcriticizeD. inspect檢查 4British Cabinet works on the principle of. Acollective responsibility(集體責(zé)任)Bindividual responsibility Cdefending the collectivism Ddefend

36、ing the individuals 5The main duty of the British Privy Council(樞密院) is to. Amake decisions Bgive advice Cpass bills Dsupervise the Cabinet 6In Britain，the parliamentary general election is held everyyears. Athree Bfour Cfive D. six 7has a distinct legal system based on Roman law AWales BEngland CSc

37、otland DNorthern Ireland 8Generally speaking，the British Parliament operates on a system. Asingle-party Btwo-party Cthree-party Dmulti-party 9The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism實(shí)用主義and. Agovernment intervention Bnationalization of enterprises Csocial reform Da beli

38、ef in individualism 10The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it. Aset up the National Health Service Bimproved public transportation Cabolished the old tax system Denhanced the economic development Give brief answers to the following questions 1What are the three functions of t

39、he House of Commons There are three main functions of the House of Commons. The first is to debate and vote upon legislation and the second is to give the chance for the opposition to question what the government is doing with legislation, the way it conducts itself, etc. The third function is priva

40、te members business where MPs may get up and make a speech in the House about an issue or event that he/she would like to draw attention to. 2What kind of public image does Liberal Democrats(自由民主黨) have in Britain 張老師的答案：Liberal Democrats was founded in March, 1988. In publics eyes, Liberal Democrat

41、s adopts more progress policy on the issue of public services, social equity and environmental protection etc. It continues to maintain the cooperation with Labor Party, and it is third party in UK with 100,000 party members. The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a social liberal p

42、olitical party in the United Kingdom. The party was formed in 1988 by a merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party. The two parties had formed the electoral SDPLiberal Alliance for seven years before then. The current leader of the party is Nick Clegg. At the 2023 general election,

43、57 Lib Dem MPs were elected, making them the third-largest party in the House of Commons, behind the Conservative Party with 307 and the Labour Party with 258. The Liberal Democrats formed a coalition government with the Conservative Party, with Nick Clegg as Deputy Prime Minister and other Liberal

44、Democrats in the cabinet. Promoting social liberalism, the Liberal Democrats voice strong support for constitutional and electoral reform, and civil liberties. The party presidents book of office is John Stuart Mills 1859 On Liberty, which defended individual rights while attacking the tyranny of th

45、e majority and the despotism of custom. The party objects to state limitations on individual rights and favours a welfare state that provides for the necessities and amenities of life.1213 They support multilateral foreign policy, opposing British participation in the War in Iraq and supporting the

46、withdrawal of troops from the country.14 The Liberal Democrats are the most pro-European Union of the three main parties in the UK. The party has strong environmentalist valuesfavouring renewable energy and commitments to deeper cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Since their foundation, Lib Dems have

47、 advocated electoral reform to use proportional representation in electing the House of Commons, also hoping to replace the House of Lords with an elected chamber. Unit 1 Geography and People IRead the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False 1The eastern highlands fo

48、rmed by the Appalachians(阿巴拉契亞山脈) hold one third of the countrys continental territoryF 1/3-1/6 2The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate，with some mild subtropical(亞熱帶的) and tropical(熱帶的) zonesT 3New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States，and it is c

49、omposed of five boroughs including Manhattan，Brooklyn，the Bronx，Staten Island and QueensT 4San Francisco(舊金山) is the second largest city after New York and the world famousHollywood and Disneyland are located hereF洛杉磯是第二大城市 6Half of the USpopulation lives in the western metropolitan centersF東部 7The

50、Blacks brought from Africa to America usually worked on plantations or farms in the NorthF在美國(guó)南部 8During the 1830s and 1840s，many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to AmericaT 10Basic American cultural values are freedom，equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of livingT IIC

51、hoose the one that best completes each of the following statements. 1The United States has_states on the continent A50 B49 C48 D35 2The state of_ is the largest in area of all the states AAlaska BHawaii CTexas DFlorida 3The USlies in_North America，with Canada to the north，Mexico to the south，the Atl

52、antic大西洋to its_ and the Pacific太平洋 to its_ Anorthern，east，west Bcentral，east，west Csouthern，west，east Dwestern，east，west 4The largest river in the USis_. Athe Missouri River Bthe Mississippi River Cthe Ohio River Dthe Colorado River 5Some of the world famous universities like Harvard，Yale and MIT ar

53、e located Ain the South Balong the Pacific Coast Cin New England新英格蘭Din the Midwest 6_is located on the US.-Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario AYellowstone National Park BThe Grand Canyon CNiagara Falls 尼亞加拉大瀑布 DThe Great Salt Lake 7The native Alaskan population includes the followin

54、g except the_ AIndians BEskimos CAleuts DBlacks 8The largest minority in the United States is the _. APacific Islanders BBlacks CNative Americans DAsians IIIGive brief answers to the following questions 1How is the life of the Native Americans today About 2.5 million Native Americans live in the USA

55、 today. The biggest tribes are the Cherokee, Chippewa, Navajo and Sioux. About a third of the Indians in the US live on reservations. The rest live in cities or towns. Indian culture is still preserved on reservations. Here, Indians practice old traditions. However, they are worried that their tradi

56、tions will disappear because more and more Indians are being integrated into society. Today, Native Americans are better off than they were at the beginning of the 20th century. They get better education; many go to high school and some to college. Many Native Americans work as lawyers, doctors or h

57、ave other important jobs, like working for government companies. Some tribes get money from tourism or selling handicrafts. In 1988 the government allowed casinos and other gambling operations on reservations. Other tribes earn money from taxes on oil or gas that is produced on their land. Even thou

58、gh life has improved, Native Americans still face many problems in todays America. Unemployment on reservations is about 50%. The income of an Indian family is much lower than that of a white family. Most Indians are badly paid and are unskilled workers. Suicide rates are also higher than in other p

59、laces. Some Indians try to reduce their problems by drinking alcohol and taking drugs. Chapter 6 Literature IRead the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False 1The Canterbury Tales（坎特伯雷故事集） is a representative work of the Old English PeriodF中古英語(yǔ)的代表作 2Renaissance（文藝復(fù)興）

60、 is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classicsT 3Hamlet depicts the heros struggle with two opposing forces：moral integrity and the need to avenge his fathers murderT 4Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homers Iliad（伊利亞特）T 5Jonathan Swift is probably the for