2022-2023學(xué)年山西省呂梁市方山縣第四中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析

1、2022-2023學(xué)年山西省呂梁市方山縣第四中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、 選擇題1. Since many former drug abusers have psychological problems, they often need support groups _ they can talk about their struggles and find new ways to manage in the world.A. which B. whatC. where D. when參考答案：C【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：由于許多以前的吸毒者有心理問題，他們往往需要一些支持小組，在那

2、里他們可以談?wù)撍麄兊呐?，并在世界上找到管理的新方法。此處groups是先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作地點狀語，故答案為C。【點睛】分析定語從句關(guān)鍵抓住兩點：第一、找準(zhǔn)先行詞；第二、看先行詞在定語從句中所作的成分。先行詞往往為名詞或代詞，如本題中先行詞為名詞groups，再分析先行詞groups在定語從句中所作的成分，將先行詞groups帶到從句中可知，只能作地點狀語，故確定關(guān)系詞where。2. Not until _ school _ how much their teachers loved themAthey left; did they realize Bdid they leave;

3、 they had realizedCdid they leave; had they realized Dthey left; they realized參考答案：A【知識點】特殊句式考查倒裝句，not until+從句置于句首，主句用部分倒裝，助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞放在主語前面，AC都是倒裝，因為他們先離開學(xué)校才意識到老師多么愛他們，所以是過去時。選A?！炯记牲c撥】否定詞放在句首要用部分倒裝句，包括not until，要注意的是not until后面的從句不倒裝，主句倒裝。3. The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, _ dese

4、rts, _mountains and _valleys, until at last it reaches the sea.A. across; through; over B. through; on; acrossC. across; along; up D. across; over; through 參考答案：D4. Can you tell me the difference between the words “require” and “request” ? I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings.A. arbitraryB. clu

5、msyC. apparentD. tentative參考答案：C略5. Betty, do _ your spirits. Try again and you will succeed.A. catch up B. catch on C. keep up D. keep on參考答案：C6. Studies show that people who have a glass of wine per day do better than _ who dont.A. that B. the one C. ones D. those參考答案：D【命題立意】考查代詞的用法。句意：研究表明每天喝葡萄酒的

6、人比那些不喝葡萄酒的人做得更好。在比較狀語從句，that代指前文的不可數(shù)名詞或the修飾的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；those代指前文提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞；one代指前文的a/an +名詞單數(shù)。前文出現(xiàn)的名詞包括,studies, people, a glass of wine, 翻譯過來應(yīng)該是喝酒的人和不喝酒的人相比，所以選 those。故選D。7. A new shopping centre will be built the old fish market used to be.A、what B、that C、where D、in which參考答案：C解析句意：一個新的購物中心將建在原來的魚市場上。wh

7、ere引導(dǎo)一個地點狀語從句，且在從句中作地點狀語。8. Ill leave you my mobile number _ theres an emergency.A. even if B. as long as C. in case D. ever since參考答案：C 試題分析： 考查連詞。A. even if即使；B. as long as只要；C. in case以防；D. ever since 自從；句意：我留給你我的電話號碼以防有緊急情況。根據(jù)語境可知選C項。 9. This _ tower has remained standing for one thousands years

8、.A. solid, square, English, stone B. English, solid, stone, squareC. stone, square, solid, English D. English stone, square, solid, 參考答案：A10. Now comes the announcement from Apple, one of the worlds best-known companies, Steve Jobswho is considered a leading figure in both the computer and entertain

9、ment industriespassed away, shocking all of us. Athat Bwhich Cone Dwhat參考答案：A11. It was two days before my mother flew to New York _I arrived home.A. when B. that C. after D. since參考答案：B12. Thanks to Chinese peoples hard work and wisdom, China has _ into the second largest economy.A. evolvedB. slipp

10、edC. extendedD. shaped參考答案：A【詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：多虧了中國人民的勤勞奮斗和聰慧才智，中國發(fā)展成為了第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。A. evolved發(fā)展，進(jìn)化；B. slipped溜走；C. extended擴(kuò)展；D. shaped塑造。故A選項正確。13. I feel uncomfortable each time I remember the situation _ Mary tried to talk the matter _ with me and we always ended in a row.A. that; over B. which; through C

11、. where; about D. where; over參考答案：D14. A new study indicates that basic steps taken by people daily can go a long way in _ the greenhouse gas emission.A. cutting down B. taking down C. pulling down D. breaking down參考答案：A略15. _ out different ideas, they are now getting closer to the correct answer.A.

12、 Tried B. Try C. Having tried D. Being tried參考答案：B二、 填空16. One day a young man was walking along the road when he heard a cry. It seemed 61 _(come) from underneath a bridge. As he approached the bridge, the sound got louder and then he saw 62 pitiful sight. There, 63 (lie) in the muddy riverbed was

13、a little dog about two months old, 64 front legs were tightly tied with ropes. It had wounds on its head and was covered with mud.The young man wanted to help the dog, 65 as he approached, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up. He sat down and started 66 (gentle) talking to the dog.

14、 It took a long time but eventually the dog 67 (stop) barking and the man was able to touch it. The young man carried the dog home, cared 68 its wounds, and gave it food and water. Even with all of this, the dog was still 69 (friend) every time the young man approached. But the young man did not giv

15、e up. Weeks went by and the man continued attending to the dog. Then one day, as the young man approached, the dog wagged its tail.It was consistent love and kindness 70 won a lifelong friendship of loyalty.參考答案：61. to be coming 62. a 63. lying 64. whose 65.but/yet66. gently 67. stopped 68. for69. u

16、nfriendly70. that61.考查系表結(jié)構(gòu)。It seemed to be coming from underneath a bridge,這是一個主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)該填to be coming。62.考查冠詞。pitiful sight，本句不缺成分，但sight表示場景時為可數(shù)名詞，前需用數(shù)量詞，故填a63.考查倒裝句。（lie) in the muddy riverbed was a little dog主語為小狗，應(yīng)該是躺著，還原為正常語序為a little dog was lying in the muddy riverbed.故填lying。64.考察關(guān)系詞。a little

17、 dog about two months old, front legs were tightly tied with ropes后句為dog的定于從句，句中缺少所有格形勢，表示的，意為小狗的前腿被繩子綁起來了，故填whose。65.考察連接詞。The young man wanted to help the dog, 65 as he approached, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up.年輕人想要幫助小狗，他一靠近，小狗就叫，可知應(yīng)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，故填but/yet。66.考察副詞。前面是動詞start，應(yīng)

18、該用副詞修飾。故填gently。67.考查時態(tài)。 took a long time but eventually the dog 67 (stop) barking前一句為過去式，可知后半句也應(yīng)是過去的時態(tài)，而stop為一個原音加復(fù)印結(jié)尾古窯雙寫，故填stopped。68.考查介詞。.照顧.根據(jù)句子 The young man carried the dog home, cared 68 its wounds年輕人將小狗帶回家并照顧它的傷勢，故填for。69.考查副詞。Even with all of this, the dog was still 69 (friend) every time

19、 the young man approached.本句為轉(zhuǎn)折句，可知盡管年輕人做了這一切，每次他靠近小狗，小狗仍不友好，friend為名詞，前有be動詞，故此處應(yīng)填副詞，故填unfriendly。70.考查關(guān)系詞。is.that.就是.正是持久的愛與善意贏得了終身的忠誠友誼。故填that。三、 閱讀理解17. It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very

20、little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academic jobs outweigh any financial consideratio

21、ns.Helen Lee took a 70cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry h

22、ave few prospects of a commercial return, and Lees is one of them. The influence of a salary cut is probably less serious for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a researcher at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years work

23、ing for a medicine company before returning to university as a post doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual chances.Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more important, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in indu

24、stry is forcing universities to make the change to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something ext

25、ra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing（生產(chǎn)）practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already ha

26、s the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”46. By “a one-way street” in Paragraph 1, the author means _.A. university researchers know little about the commercial worldB. few univer

27、sity professors are willing to do industrial researchC. few industrial scientists would leave to work in a universityD. there is little exchange between industry and academia47. The underlined word “deterrent” most probably refers to “something that _”.A. helps to move the traffic B. attracts peoples attention C. brings someone a financial