定語從句關(guān)系代詞用法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、定語從句之關(guān)系代詞用法及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)定語從句之關(guān)系代詞用法及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)定語從句之關(guān)系代詞用法及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)定語從句之關(guān)系代詞用法及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)作者:日期:定語從句一(關(guān)系代詞的用法）一定從句見解定從句:修一個(gè)名或代的從句稱定從句,一般跟在它所修的先行后邊。先行：被定從句修的名或代。3關(guān)系：引定從句的關(guān)成關(guān)系。關(guān)系相關(guān)系_:有_，_，_,_,_,_等；關(guān)系_:有_,_,_等。關(guān)系常有3個(gè)作用:引定從句。取代先行。在定從句中充任一個(gè)成分。注意:依據(jù)先行與定從句之有無逗號(hào)分開,定從句分限制性和非限制性定從句。限制性定從句非限制性定從句形式不用逗號(hào)和主句分開用逗號(hào)和主句分開意是先行不可以缺乏的定，不可以除是先行除后

2、意思仍圓滿的充明法翻成先行的定,“的”平常翻成主句的并列句限制性定從句例：(）Theahertdmehaomwasthenlypersonthatcouddependon.(2)Chinaisountryhichhasaoghitry.非限制性定從句例:(1)Hismohe,whvhivrymuch,issrictithhim(2)Cina,whiwasfndedin4，isbecoinrandmorpwerful.要注意劃分以下幾個(gè)句子的不同樣（1)Hisbrtrwoisoaoctoralwaysecurageshitogtoclleg.他那當(dāng)醫(yī)生的哥哥常激勵(lì)他要考上大學(xué)。（他有其余的哥哥)

3、(2）Hisbrthr,oisnactr,awaysecourageshitooclge.他的哥哥是當(dāng)醫(yī)生的，常激勵(lì)他要考上大學(xué)。(他只有一個(gè)哥哥）二.引定從句的關(guān)系代1.wh指_，在從句中充任_(1)TeoywhoapayingfooaaerClassOne(2)sterdaIhlpednlmanwholostiswy.(3）ntemeetingIsMr.Smihometinmbirtayparty.hom指_,在定語從句中充任_，?？墒÷浴?1).Liuistheerson(wom)outlkeaboutotebs.()Mr.LingijuthebowIwanttsee.注意:關(guān)系代詞wm

4、在口語和非正式語體中常用wo取代，可省略。(3)Theano/wyoumtustnowisyfried.ich指_，在定語從句中做_或許_，做_時(shí)可省略(1)ootballisagamwichilkdbostoys(2)hssteen(which)heboghtstday.that指人時(shí),相當(dāng)于_或許_;指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于_。在定語從句中做_或許_,做_時(shí)可省略。（)Thenubeoftepeopleha/hoomeoistthecityeacyearrisesnemilli.6)Weeitheantha/whoIswthismoning?5.wose平常指人,也可指物,在定語從句中做_(1)es

5、afienwseahesadoctor.Ioncelieinahousoroofhafallein.whose指物時(shí),常用以下構(gòu)造來取代(3)Theclassromwhosedribrokenill=heclroom，heoorofwhichisTheclasoom,ofithedorsoonbeepairebrokenillsonerepird.sbroknwillsonbeprd【詳盡解說】關(guān)系代詞tha和ich的用法（一)限制性定語從句只好用hat的幾種狀況1當(dāng)先行詞是anhing，evethin,:nothng(somethin除外),fe,all,none，litle,some等不定

6、代詞時(shí)，或許是由every,any,al,sme，no，litle,fw,muc等修飾時(shí)(1）HveyotakenownevryhgthatMriassid?(）Thrseestoenothngthseemsmposibefhimineold.(3）Alltatanedoehasbendone.()hreililethaIanoforyo當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾(1)ThefirsacethatthvisiediLonnasheBiBen.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高等修飾時(shí)()ThishebstfmhaIhavseen4.當(dāng)形容詞被thevry,theoly,ju修飾時(shí)()Thisitheverydic

7、tiontatattbuy,(2)Aftethefrnhishuse,teoldcarstheonlythinhatowd.5當(dāng)先行詞前面有who,whch等疑問代詞時(shí)(1）Whoithemahistndingtee?(2)WhhstheTshittatfitsmemot?當(dāng)先行詞既有人,也有動(dòng)物或許物體時(shí)()Canyourmemberthescientistndhisthoryhatavelaned?(二)當(dāng)先行詞指事物時(shí)，定語從句中關(guān)系代詞必然用whch的狀況:1.在非限制性定語從句中，只用whih()Helewaschknetheyongestsonantothothe,whchmdeh

8、eothersenvhim(2)Heawaysstaysthmaeeked,whhisbotherthinksiunbeleable.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞短語中的介詞提早時(shí),只用wich(1)hisisahouenwhicLunoceived.注意：在一些固定搭配的動(dòng)詞短語中，因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞和介詞不可以切割,所以不可以把介詞置于關(guān)系代詞以前。(2)Thisistepenhich(/ha)mlkingfor.(三）關(guān)系代詞who,wm和wos的用法1.先行詞指人,在從句中作主語時(shí)，用wh;(1)Sheisthegirwh/atlivesnetdoor.2當(dāng)先行詞為thse時(shí)，用wo；()Tosewhowilloin

9、nmybirtdayartrebsfriends.在Ther句型中主語作為先行詞指人時(shí),用who;(3）hereisgremnwoavdhicountrywthispartners.先行詞指人,在從句中作賓語時(shí),可以用whom和wo;()Ththegilomw/atIteach.在定從句中做定,用who。()Thisiteintistoeachevmntsarwellkno.(6)Thisitehosewhoewnobrokestnih.關(guān)系代a引的定從句關(guān)系代as既可以引限制性定從句,也可以引非限制性定從句,s在從句中做主、或表。(一)引限制性定從句常用于以下句式：1.su+名as像一的,像

10、之的thae+名+as和同的此中關(guān)系代s在從句中充任主、或表。(1)Weaveounschmatialsasareseitefctory.(2)Thsehosearesolatsuhalowpieaspepleexpected(3)Hisnothsamemanasewastenyersgo.注意：ucas引的定從句與uhtht引的狀從句的區(qū):()Heisuchacleverboyaseronelke.()Heissuchacleerboteveyonelikesim.suchsuch代，意“的人或物”；as在從句中作成分,修先行sch。()ThisbookiotsuchasIexpct.(二）

11、關(guān)系代a和whih引的定從句的區(qū)和which引非限制性定從句，有同樣之也有不同樣之。詳盡狀況是:1.s和ic都可以在定從句中做主或許，代表前面整個(gè)句子。()Hemarriehe,as/whihwasnatural.(2）Hewaones，as/hihwcansee.as引非限制性定從句,可放在主句以前，或許主句今后，甚至可以切割一個(gè)主句;as有“正如，正像”的意思whch引的非限制性定從句只好放在主句今后。意“一點(diǎn)”。（)Asisknownoal,Chinaisadevopicunr.（)Hisfromthesouth,awecnseeromhisaccet.(3)John,syoukow,i

12、safamousrer.()HeasbentoParisorethasevraltimes，whihIdontbeieve.注意:當(dāng)主句和從句存在上的因果關(guān)系，常用hich；（5)Tomasalwaytorscho,whicmadehisteachrangry.當(dāng)非限制性定從句的是一個(gè)復(fù)合構(gòu),只好用whic。(6)ettyalwastellslie,wiheaesfdstrang.當(dāng)先行詞受suh,thsame修飾時(shí),常用(1)Iveneerharduhastoryasetel(2）Heinotsucafoolaseos.（3）ThsthsamboksIloslatweek.注意:當(dāng)先行次由t

13、hsm修飾時(shí)，有時(shí)也用that指引定語從句，可是和由as所指引的定語從句意思不同樣(4)ewrtesaeresshatsheworeatMarsweddin.她衣著她在MARY婚禮上穿過的一條裙子。(5）hewrtesameressasheryoungsterwore她衣著和她妹妹所穿的同樣的裙子。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)用tht,which,w，whom,whe,填空1sthereanyin_youdnundrstandabouttepolem?.lheprsents_youfensgveyouonyurbrshouldptawhenuoeol_lsthreasmanyas25,0.4.Hewaslteor

14、theopeinerem，_sverspisingtome.Tos_cutownhetrssoubpunishd6.issintresngaboo_wellik.7.evemnvsth_aotyamiliar.8.Therearemancide_aplayinsontheplygroud.Heisnolongerthene_eustobe10.herer_banksareceredithtreeslostotha.Jackswohefirstprie,_ofthpens.12.Theworstmatte_mfridohapnedinheend.13.Hfailedohisbos.makhisl

15、anonime,whichasstrnge14hsitheery15.Thiteache,wihoo_avebeenlooking_nwr,ior.likbyalthetudents.仿寫練習(xí)組句:將下邊句子連成一句話。1Aplanisamane.Thmachncafly._2hegirisMa.Wsawheyteday._Shewastlnwithalay.Hronwsil._4.Teclotheavbeeceaned.Ieringthem._5.Heisittingiachair.tiboke._加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練把以下中文用定語從句翻譯成英文。.他在中國觀光的第一個(gè)博物館是歷史博物館。_你有任何對(duì)

16、于這個(gè)主題的信息都發(fā)給我吧。_不到長城非豪杰。_那條兩邊都是樹的河向來流向大海。_.媽媽給我買了臺(tái)電腦作為誕辰禮品,這正是我所希望的。_掌握一門外語很合用,這是大家公認(rèn)的。_定語從句二(介詞+關(guān)系代詞的用法)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時(shí)，從句常由介詞關(guān)系代詞指引(）Thschool（ha/which）heoncesdienisveyfamou.(2）Theschoolinhichhencesudiedsrfmos.3)TomoroIllringheemgzine(that/whch)youaskedfor.(4)TomoowIwillbrnhreagzneowhyouaske.(5)elg

17、ooartemoussnger（whha/wo)weveftentlkedbout.(）Weohearthefamosingrbouthomwehaeofentald.注意:1含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語一般不打開使用，如:lokfo,lookaft,akecareof等()Thiisthwtchwhch/thatIalokinfor.(T)()ThisthatchforhihIamooking.(F).若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前,關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom，不可以用who或許tat；指物時(shí)用which，不可以用at;關(guān)系代詞是全部格時(shí)用hoe.（)hmanwithwhmutkedsmyrend（T)（）The

18、mahohatotakewithismyfrien.(）()TheplanenwhichefleoCanadaivryomrtle.(T）(4)hplaneinthawefle（)o,onwhobkmie.(T)intoCanadaisrycofrtabe.()Ienttohooisaienof3“介詞關(guān)系代詞”前可有some，ny,non,bot,all,neiher,mt,eah,fe等代詞或許數(shù)詞（1)lvedhparenseeply,ohofwhmarerykndtohim(2)nhaehebaktgoebad.thererequiemanyaple，somefhich(3)Thear

19、efortsudsnoulssinl,mostfhomaombgcites.“復(fù)合介詞短語+關(guān)系代詞hic”指引的定語從句,這類構(gòu)造指引的定語從句常與先行詞用逗號(hào)分開,定語從句常用倒裝語序。Hivediigos,infntfwhhstooabigallree總結(jié):判斷介詞的方法有以下三種:看從句謂語部分缺乏什么介詞(習(xí)慣搭配）先行詞放在從句中需不需要添介詞經(jīng)過整個(gè)句子整體含義來判斷專項(xiàng)練習(xí)2用”介詞+關(guān)系代詞”填空1Thhelmeeig,_thehostadrectormadeaspeech.Thebook,_haid6yuan,iswothradng.Isthistha_husethpcou

20、ntheostcluredTV？4.WDog,_wnttheonce,enjoydivrymuch.5.TestriesabotongMarch,_thisisneexle,arelwitten.單項(xiàng)選擇6.Doyotheiskwwolvesawel？ihebilinA.infrnofitB.infrtofhseC.infronowicinfrotwhich7.Tewoan_ybotherspoketnowismyteahe.hotowhomC.twhoD.hom8.Hislasses,_hewaslikablindma,felthegroundandbroeA.whcBwithwhch.wi

21、totich.tha9.Ivebogttoballpn，_riteell.A.nonofwhih.neitherofwhchConefthemneitheofhem10.TheSecdWorldar_millionfpeowerekiledwasin1945.AduringwichB.ithatCwhere.onwhh1.RecentlyoghtananientCinesevas,_waseeasoablehichricB.terieofhihitpriceDhriofwhose12.heictnar,_paid80ollar,ton.AhichBthatC.foricD.towhic3.Gr

22、nmLaghatwsons，_arsolder.A.twofwomD.neothem.whomC.botofhomHearrvanourlat，_maeuseunhappy.A.hatB.sCatwhi15Jane，_sistersarfausworl,willattndtheportatcerony.elinthA.wihhoB.whhicC.withwhwithwhoe仿寫練習(xí)用介詞+關(guān)系代詞的形式把以下句子翻譯成英文。1im是我的外教,從他身上我學(xué)到了很多合用的東西。_2我喜愛窗子朝南的房屋。_.他給了我?guī)妆疚也惶炝?xí)的歌曲。_中國有很多大河流,此中長江和黃河是最重要的河流。_5他有兩個(gè)

23、兄弟，沒有一個(gè)是教師。_綜合加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練1.Itisbynoeancla_thepdentcadotoedtikAhB.whihC.thatD.as2.wishtotankProessorSith，thut_hewouldnevrhvegottisfar.A.whB.wsC.whoD.tha3Marihaswritentwonvels,botf_avebmadeitelvsioses.thB.thatC.hichD.as4.Theirqalitynhecit,_showitereort,asimproeoverhepsttwomonhA.thaB.itC.as.wa5.Mrs.Leewllmove

24、ntotheewouenxMonday,_itwilbecompleelyfinisd.A.yhhtime.bythatimeC.ytitimD.yhetime6.eischalovelytuent_everyoneloves.AasB.whoC.thD.hm7.Thestdntthateachrthnksbetplyeduan(逃學(xué)）yesrday,_matteahererydisappointe.asB.ttC.whichD.whoHavyusentheok_syllow?thecoerofitB.chcoveCtheoverofwhchD.whicscr9._inwtousllhthnh

25、telargsoultionintheword.A.AB.Wich.That.t10.Elnwaspainterbiranofnaure,_,foromereaso,hdwihrawnfrollmansocieyAwhichB.who.hatD.ho1.Carefthsolisaglpoes_eentesmalldetailsolifeshoudecnsidre.ttB.nthaC.whichD.nhich12lotolagaelernin,_habeeniscovered，ishappeinginthfirstearofi,soparentshouldtalkmuchtotheirchleduingtaprio.A.aB.itC.whichD.this3.Weeeplyabsorbedinwok,_heotewas，hewuldfgetalabouteatingorsleepng.A.thtB.hich.wD.wha4.Inouclasstherae46suent,_alfwereglasses.A.ihmD.ofteB.ntm