Unit 2 The Universal Language Grammar and usage 課件- 高一下學(xué)期英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版（2020）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

1、Unit 2 The universal language Grammar and usageIn todays class, we shall:explore the rules of verb-ing forms as subjects and objects.apply the rules by doing some exercises.Learning objectivesLead-inFind verb-ing forms and figure out their functions.1. Sliding into the habit was easy, but it was dif

2、ficult to quit the habit.2. Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.3. Asking a womans age is impolite in his country.verb-ing forms as subjectsLead-inFind verb-ing forms and figure out their functions.4. Well come back more frequently and were also considering taking them to the city to liv

3、e with us. 5. As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem. 6. I was used to checking the news and my friends social media updates every few minutes. verb-ing forms as objectsExploring the rules1. 動(dòng)詞-in

4、g形式在句中可以用作主語(yǔ)。如：Talking mends no holes.Watching them was a thrilling experience.Walking in step is not easy.2. 有時(shí)可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將動(dòng)詞-ing形式這個(gè)真正的主語(yǔ)置于后面，基本句型是：it+be+形容詞/名詞+動(dòng)詞-ing形式。如：Its difficult finding your way around here.Its no good complaining.It was a waste of time reading that book.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)Explori

5、ng the rules3. 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，有被動(dòng)形式。如：Being taken to the zoo is a luxury for kids.Being lost can be a terrifying experience.4. 動(dòng)詞-ing形式有時(shí)前面還可加物主代詞或名詞所有格等表示邏輯上的主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Your denying everything will get you nowhere.Johns going off in such a hurry is very risky.His making trouble in class annoyed the

6、teacher.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)Exploring the rules1. 動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)以及介詞后的賓語(yǔ)。如：We are considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.Im fond of collecting stamps and coins.2. 后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, forgive, imagine, i

7、nclude, involve, keep (on), mention, mind, miss, postpone, practise, prevent, recall, risk, stand, stop, suggest, understand等。如：I have no choice but to delay putting on the show.My temporary job involves travelling around the world.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)只接動(dòng)詞-ingExploring the rules3.后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的短語(yǔ)有：have (no/m

8、uch/some/.) difficulty/trouble/a hard time (in), take pleasure in, spend time/money (in), waste time (in), be worth, be busy, feel like, be committed to, be attached to, cant help等。如：What is worth mentioning is his sincere attitude.It feels like allocating adequate time for each subject is impractic

9、al.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)只接動(dòng)詞-ingExploring the rules既可接動(dòng)詞-ing形式又可接不定式（短語(yǔ)）作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：begin, start, continue, like, dislike, love, prefer, mean, forget, remember, hate, regret 等。(1) 在like, love, hate, prefer等動(dòng)詞之后，用動(dòng)詞-ing形式或不定式意義上沒(méi)有什么不同，只是側(cè)重點(diǎn)有些不同：動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示泛指的動(dòng)作，不定式表示具體的一次性動(dòng)作。(2) 在begin, start, continue之后，用動(dòng)詞-ing形式和不

10、定式，意義無(wú)區(qū)別，尤其是當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人的時(shí)候。(3) 在動(dòng)詞forget, remember, regret之后，用動(dòng)詞-ing形式與不定式意義不同：動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，不定式表示動(dòng)作還沒(méi)發(fā)生。TipsExploring the rules4. 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，有被動(dòng)形式（being done）和完成形式（having done）。如：This question is far from being settled.He went back to London without having achieved any success.5. 有時(shí)動(dòng)詞-ing形式前還可加物主代詞或名

11、詞所有格等充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如：He strongly objected to your saying that.I never dreamed of its hurting you.You can be sure of his agreeing.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)Exploring the rulesneed, demand, want, require, 在表示“需要”時(shí)，用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義，或用不定式的被動(dòng)形式。need/demand/want/require + doing = need/demand/want/require + to be doneeg

12、: The car needs repairing. = The car needs to be repaired. 這輛車(chē)需要修理。TipsExploring the rules1. Do you feel like _ (eat) out tonight?2. _ (read) is a good way to enlarge your vocabulary.3. She didnt remember _ (meet) him before.4. He gives people the impression of _ (write) many poems.5. No one can avo

13、id _ (influence) by advertisements.6. It is a waste of time _ (go) to the doctor with most mild complaints.7. _ (equip) with global vision and the spirit of innovation is crucial to Chinas young generation.PracticeeatingReadingmeetinghaving writtenbeing influencedgoingBeing equippedExploring the rul

14、esIn Chinas Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, there lived a man named Boya, who was a master of the qin. Playing the qin was his life. He played so well that everyone enjoyed listening to his music and thought highly of his techniques. However, Boya believed no one could understand his m

15、usic until he met Zhong Zigi. Boya did not say anything before playing the qin, yet Zhong Ziqi was able to paint a picture of great mountain ranges in his mind. When Boya continued playing, Zhong Ziqi said he had heard the sound of a river flowing quickly. In fact, Boya had intended to call the piec

16、e High Mountains and Flowing Water. Having someone that really understood his music pleased Boya, who never got tired of sharing his music with Zhong Ziqi. The two soon became great friends and before going their separate ways, they agreed to meet at the Mid-Autumn Festival the next year. However, Z

17、hong Ziqi failed to show up on that day. When Boya learnt about Zhong Ziqis death, he was overcome with sorrow. He played High Mountains and Flowing Water in front of Zhong Ziqis grave. After he finished playing the piece, he destroyed the qin and said, “Since the only person that understands my mus

18、ic is gone, its no use keeping the qin.”Exploring the rulesVerb-ing forms as subjects Verb-ing forms as objects Having someone that really understood his music pleased Boya, ., its no use keeping the qin.Playing the qin was his life. everyone enjoyed listening.Boya did not say anything before playin

19、g the qin, .When Boya continued playing, ., who never got tired of sharing his music with Zhong Ziqi. . before going their separate ways, .After he finished playing the piece, .Working out the rulesWhen the verb-ing form is used as the subject of a sentence, we can sometimes use the preparatory subj

20、ect it at the beginning of the sentence.The verb-ing form can also be used as the object of a (1)_ or a (2)_.verb/prepositionpreposition/verbApplying the rulesB1 Circle the mistakes and write down the correct forms in the blanks.1. Listen to music is my favourite thing to do. _2. I really enjoy to r

21、ead biographies of musicians. _3. Its no use try to play the violin if youre not going to give it your best shot. _4. Would you mind to teach me how to play the guitar? _5. These instruments were meant for play traditional Chinese music. _ListeningreadingtryingteachingplayingApplying the rulesB2 Bel

22、ow is an article about the music sent into space. Complete the article with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.If you have to choose music from the Earth to send into space, what music do you think is capable of (1) _ (represent) mankind? The sound of the Chinese qin is one answer to thi

23、s question. In 1977, two spacecraft called Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 were sent out (2) _ (explore) the solar system. On both spacecraft, there is a selection of music from our planet. (3) _ (send) music into outer space was the idea of the famous scientist Carl Sagan, who believed intelligent life exi

24、sted on other planets. The music was intended as a universal language to greet intelligent life in space (if there is any). A group of scientists and artists got down to (4)_ (choose) suitable music. Of course, they hadrepresentingto exploreSendingchoosingApplying the rulestrouble (5)_ (select) whic

25、h pieces of music to include. In the end, 27 different pieces of music (6)_ (last) 90 minutes were put on the spacecraft. China is represented by a recording of Guan Pinghu (7)_ (play) an ancient piece called Flowing Water on the Chinese instrument qin. It is said that Boya wrote it.It took about 40

26、 years for the Voyager spacecraft (8)_ (enter) the space between the stars. We do not know what will happen in the end, but maybe the sound of the qin will one day be heard on a distant planet.B2 Below is an article about the music sent into space. Complete the article with the correct forms of the

27、verbs in the brackets.selectinglastingplayingto enterApplying the rulesB3 In pairs, discuss how traditional Chinese music can be appreciated by a larger audience. Make a list of measures, using verb-ing forms as subjects or objects. Use the example below to help you.ExampleHolding music festivals will give the public more chances to appreci