小學(xué)英語(yǔ)代詞講解與練習(xí)(超精)

1、 代詞（一）人稱代詞一、概念人稱代詞是表示我、你、他/她/它、我們、你們和（他/她/它）們的詞。人稱代詞有人稱、格和數(shù)的變化，具體見(jiàn)下表：數(shù)人格稱、單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱*Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱hehimtheythemsheheritit二、人稱代詞的用法1一般情況下，人稱代詞的主格作主語(yǔ)，放在句子的開(kāi)頭。Iamateacher.我是一名教師。（I是主語(yǔ)）Youare10yearsold.你10歲了。（You是主語(yǔ)）Heismyfriend.他是我的朋友。（He是主語(yǔ)）Itishottoday.今天天氣熱。（It是主語(yǔ)）2賓格作賓語(yǔ)，通常放在動(dòng)詞，如

2、：let,like,help,give,ask等的后面；或介詞，如：for,to,of,at等的后面。Letsgo.（lets=letus）Canyouhelpme?你能幫我嗎？（me是賓語(yǔ)）Thecakeisforyou.這個(gè)蛋糕是給你的。（you是賓語(yǔ)）在簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話中，當(dāng)人稱代詞單獨(dú)使用或用在not后，多用賓格。IlikeEnglish.Metoo.Whobrokethewindow?Me.（me作表語(yǔ)二Itsme.）Whynotme?（為什么不是我？）3作表語(yǔ),口語(yǔ)中常用賓格Whoisthat?Itsme.是誰(shuí)??？是我。（me是表語(yǔ)）三、注意人稱代詞I無(wú)論放在句首、句中或句尾，都要大寫(xiě)。人

3、稱代詞she除了指女性“她”之外，還可以指祖國(guó)、月亮等擬人的東西。表示一種親密或愛(ài)撫的感情。如:Ilovemycountry.Sheisgreat.Themoonisinthesky.Sheisroundandbright.四、It的特殊用法一般情況下，it表示人以外的動(dòng)物和東西，是單數(shù)名詞的代詞，譯為“它”。Whereisyourcar？Itisoverthere.你的小汽車在哪兒？（它）在那邊。但在表示天氣、時(shí)間、距離等時(shí)，用it來(lái)代替，此時(shí)的it,并不譯為“它”。1）指天氣：Itissunnytoday.今天陽(yáng)光燦爛。2）指氣候：Itscoldinthisroom.這個(gè)房間很冷。3）指時(shí)

4、間：Whattimeisit？Itssixthirty.幾點(diǎn)了？六點(diǎn)半了。4）指距離：Howfarisitfromheretothepark？從這兒到公園有多遠(yuǎn)？Itsabouttwomiles.大約是二英里?！癷t”有時(shí)也可指人。Itsme.Openthedoor,please.五、并列人稱代詞的排列順序：1、單數(shù)人稱代詞并列作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其順序?yàn)椋旱诙朔Qf第三人稱f第f人稱如：you,he,andI2、復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞并列作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其順序?yàn)椋旱谝蝗朔Qf第二人稱f第三人稱wefyouthey注意：如果是做錯(cuò)事，承擔(dān)責(zé)任時(shí)，說(shuō)話的人把I放在第一位。Whobrokethewindow?誰(shuí)打碎了玻璃？I

5、andLiMing.我和李明.（二）物主代詞表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫做物主代詞，也可叫做代詞所有格。物主代詞分形容性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞二種，物主代詞也有人稱和數(shù)的變化，見(jiàn)下表：數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱第一第二AVr*第三第一第二AVr*第三類別人稱人稱人稱人稱人稱人稱形容詞性物主代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs漢語(yǔ)我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他（她、它）們的形容詞性物主代詞(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名詞，表示是屬于誰(shuí)的東西。如:Ilovemycountr

6、y.而名詞性物主代詞(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs則相單于對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞+名詞，故其后不必加名詞。如：Isthisyourbook?No,itisnt,itshers(herbook)/Jims/Toms/MariasThisisherbook.=Thisbookishers.kt較名伺性所有槁C檢主代詞丁與疋容詞性所有桔C韌壬代詞J的匡別:Tlrisis|ipy|匕片口反txtiv后面必勿iR口名詞?名詞悝代詞ThisCinnje后面決:不戸力口名同?。ㄈ┲甘敬~表示“這個(gè)”、“那個(gè)”、“這些”、“那些”等指示概念的代詞叫做指示代詞。指示代

7、詞有this,that,these,those等。this（復(fù)數(shù)形式是these）,是指在時(shí)間上或空間上離說(shuō)話人較近的人或物。that（復(fù)數(shù)形式是those），是指在時(shí)間上或空間上離說(shuō)話人較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。ThisgirlisMary.Thosemenaremyteachers.Iambusythesedays.（我這些日子很忙。）Thatisaredcar.Whatdoyoulike?Ilikethis.（四）反身代詞反身代詞是表示我自己,你自己,他自己,我們自己,你們自己,他們自己等的詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第三人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitse

8、lf復(fù)數(shù)ourselveyourselvethemselvethemselvethemselvesssss如：Shewastalkingtoherself.她自言自語(yǔ)。Iamteachingmyselfcomputer.我自學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)。Takegoodcareofyourself.把自己照顧好。Youshouldaskthechildrenthemselves.你應(yīng)該問(wèn)一問(wèn)孩子們自己。Enjoyyourself.玩的愉快。人稱代詞口訣：I是主格me是賓，請(qǐng)你一定記在心；主格用在動(dòng)詞前，動(dòng)詞介詞后用賓。you是主格,也是賓,；he是主格him是賓,she是主格her是賓,it是主格,也是賓,we是

9、主格us是賓,you是主格,也是賓,they是主格them是賓。相關(guān)練習(xí)題、填寫(xiě)下面的表格。J主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞第一人稱單數(shù)Imy復(fù)數(shù)usours第二人稱單數(shù)youyouryours復(fù)數(shù)you第三人稱單數(shù)himhissheheritits復(fù)數(shù)them二、用人稱代詞代替下單詞或詞組。MikeMrWhiteTomandIJoanandJohnMyfather三、選詞填空therabbitMissWhiteKate,TimandIJoansmothertheirbrotherwillspendthesummerholidayinHawaii.A.She,youandIB.You,

10、sheandIC.I,youandsheD.Her,meandyouMyuncleboughtanewbikefor.A.theirsB.theyC.meD.ISheisastudent,nameisJulia.A.itsB.herC.hersD.hisCouldyouhelpwithEnglish,please.A.I,myB.me,meC.me,myD.my,IAfriendofcamehereyesterday.A.myB.hisC.himD.himselfpencil-boxisbeautiful.Butismorebeautifulthan.A.Toms,my,heB.Toms,mi

11、ne,hisC.Toms,mine,himD.Toms,my,hisMostoflikeChinesefood.A.theyB.TheirC.ThemD.theirsDontyoulethelpyou?A.IandmyfriendB.myfriendandIC.myfriendandmeD.myfriendandItoShegavetheeraserstoLucyand.A.IB.meC.myD.mineThatsnot,itis.Imadeit.A.ours,mine,myselfB.your,mine,myselfC.yours,her,myselfD.yours,my,myself四、選

12、出括號(hào)中正確的詞，在正確的詞上打勾。Thisis（my/I）mother.（He/His）nameisMark.Nicetomeet（your/you）.Whats（she/her）name?Excuse（me/my/I）.（I/My）amBen.Fine,thank（your/you）.Are（your/you）MissLi?（She/Her）ismysister.Howoldis（he/his）五、根據(jù)中文提示，用代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1、Thereisanewdressfor（他的）siter.2、Thisis（我的）wallet.（我的）isred.3、Whosecalculatorsa

13、rethese?（他們）areours（我們的）4、Give（她）atoy,please.5、你們的）eyesareblack.（你們）comefromJapan.6、TimandBillaretwins.（他們）arefromEngland.Show（他們）around（我們的）school.7、Givethebookto（我）.(他的)chairisblue.(我們的)isyellow.9(我們的)classroomisbig.(你們的)issmall.10.(他)oftenplaysbasketballafterschool.五、用代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1Thereisaletterfor

14、(her、hers)mother.2Thatis(she)coat.Thecoatisred.(its)isanewone.3Whosepensarethese?(their)are(we).4Give(he)atoy,please.5(we)eyesareblack.(us)comefromJapan.6TimandBillaretwins.(their)arefromEngland.(them)parentsareteachersintheNo.6MiddleSchool.7Givethebookto(I).8Thesebooksare(we).9Thatisnotkite.Thatkit

15、eisverysmall,butisverybig.(I)10Thedressis.Giveitto.(she)11Isthiswatch?(you)No,itsnot.(I)12isJack.Look!Thosestampsare.(he)13Icanfindmytoy,butwheres?(you)14Showyourkite,OK?(they)15IisMimi.Thesecakesare.(it)16.ismyaunt.Doyouknowjob?isanurse.(she)17Thatisnotcamera.i

16、sathome.(he)18Whereare?Icantfind.Letscallparents.(they)19.dontknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell.(we)20Theseare(he)brothers.2.Thatis(she)sister.Lilyis(Lucy)sister.4.Tom,thisis(me)cousin,Mary.Now(herparent)areinAmerica.23.Those(child)are(I)fathersstudents.Doyouknow(it)name?Thanksforhelping(I).(Ann)mother

17、is(we)teacher.MikeandTom(be)friends.Thatisnotkite.Thatkiteisverysmall,butisverybig.(I)Thedressis.Giveitto.(she)Isthiswatch?(you)No,itsnot.(I)isJack.Look!Thosestamps(郵票)are.(he)dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare?(you)Herearemanydolls,whichoneis?(she)Icanfindmytoy,butwheres(you)?Showyourk

18、ite,OK?(they)IisMimi.Thesecakesare.(it)Arethesetickets?No,arenottheirs.arenthere.(they)Shallhavealookatthatclassroom?Thatisclassroom.(we)39.Iamteachingcomputer.(my)、用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞填空：ismyaunt.Weoftenvisit.(she)Chinaisadevelopingcountry.isintheeastofAsia.(its)Iownabluebike.Theredoneisn

19、t.(I)Thesenewhousesaresonice.areveryexpensive.(them)Thefishermencaughtalotoffish,didnt?(them)LingLingisagirl.studiesinaprimaryschool.brotherliveswithandhelpswithlessons.(she)Mikeismyclassmate.isgoodatEngliush.(his)Katewantsaglassofmilk.Willyoupassitto?(she)Whatstheweatherliketoday?iscloudy.(its)二、用形

20、容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞填空Iateallsandwichesyesterday.(I)CanIhaveoneof?(you)Georgehaslost(his)pen.AskMaryf(是否)shewilllendhim.(she)JackhasadogandsohaveI.(he)dogand(I)hadafight打架).Theteacherwantsyoutoreturnthatbookof(he)Mr.andMrs.Greenandafriendofarecomingtoseeus.(they)WearegoingtoParistostaywithaFrenchfriendof.(we)從括號(hào)內(nèi)選擇正確的代詞填空Yourfootballclothesareonthedesk.Pleaseput(they，them，their，theirs)away.(We，Us，Our，Ours)EnglishteacherisMrs.Green.Wealllike(she，her，hers).(I，Me，My，Mine)cantgetmykite.Couldyouhelp(I，me，my，mine)?Tomcantget