Grammar-unit1-module2非限制性定語從句課件

1、The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句 1限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句的關(guān)系十分密切，寫時不用逗號分開。限制性定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞?？墒÷?。如：Toronto is a city (that) I ve always wanted to visit.多倫多是我常想去參觀的一個城市。October 1, 1949 was the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded.1

2、949年10月1日是中華人民共和國成立的日子。2非限制性定語從句和主句關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對先行詞作些附加的說明, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開，一般不用that引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞不可省略。如：a) Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very long history. 意大利的首都羅馬歷史非常悠久。Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the stud

3、ents.分析兩種定語從句省略后的結(jié)果The town where I live is beautiful.Zherong , where I live, is beautiful.分析兩種定語從句省略后的結(jié)果限制性定語從句省略后主語所指就不明確，所以不能省略3.大多數(shù)限制性和非限制性定語從句的先行詞往往為某一個詞或短語，而特殊場合非限制性定語從句的先行詞也可為整個主句，此時非限制性定語從句常由which引導(dǎo)。eg. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much.一個中年女子殺害了其丈夫，這事令我十分

4、恐懼。析：從語境可知，令我恐懼的內(nèi)容應(yīng)為中年女子殺害了其丈夫這整個一件事，因此先行詞為整個主句，此時應(yīng)由which引導(dǎo)定語從句。eg. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.一個五歲的男孩會講兩門外語，令所有在場的人感到非常驚訝。析：從語境可知，令所有在場的人感到驚訝的內(nèi)容是一個五歲男孩會講兩門外語這整個一件事，因此先行詞為整個主句，此時應(yīng)由which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。4.as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句The earth is round._ is

5、 known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.ItwhichAsItas 具有正如之意，與之搭配的動詞一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as we planned/as we expected定語從句在句首時只能用as,as 引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句 (2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.Thi

6、s is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語從句)5、除which外,還可用when, where, who等關(guān)系代、副詞引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句。例如:After

7、 graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life. 畢業(yè)后,我決定留在重慶,在那里我曾度過了我的童年和四年大學(xué)生活。6.關(guān)系代詞whom在限制性定語從句中作賓語時可用who代替whom，但在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時不可用who來代替。eg.This is the girl whom I met in the street.這是我在街上遇到的女孩。先行詞the girl在限制性定語從句中作賓語，可用who代替whom。eg.A young

8、man had a new girl friend, whom he wanted to impress.一個年輕的小伙子新交了一個女朋友，他想給她留下深刻印象。先行詞a new girl friend在非限制性定語從句中作賓語，不可用who代替whom。下面兩個句子只有一個逗號之差，意義大相徑庭。a) He will wear no clothes which will make him different from others. 他不會穿一些使他顯得與眾不同的衣服。 b) He will wear no clothes, which will make him different from others. 他不穿衣服，這會使他顯得與眾不同。8.非限制性定語從句和單句的比較2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry.3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.4.He has two sons. Both of _ a