2022屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第1部分必修4Unit2Workingtheland單元提能訓(xùn)練含解析

1、第一局部必修4 Unit 2I.完形填空(2021年山東省濰坊五縣開學(xué)聯(lián)考)Melbourne Girls, Col lege i s getting ri cl of al 1 dustbins and asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste.Starting next Monday, the college will gradually 1 all the rubbish bins in five weeks in classrooms and the y

2、ard, 2 1400 students and 140 staff to find their own home for chip packets and juice boxes. Volunteer students will 3 daily non-compulsory food inspections in which children bringing “zero waste lunch boxes will be 4 . Students using on 1 y 5 packaging wi 11 receive a token (禮券)to win prizes such as

3、 keepcups.The rubbish that students take home may still go to landfill (廢物填埋場(chǎng))via their home bins, 6 the new policy will help persuade 7 to buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers. Most issues around carrying rubbish home, such as smell and mess, can be solved. 8 tuna (金槍魚)in a tin, for exampl

4、e, can 9 the schoolJ s compost(堆J肥)bin and the tin can be 10 before it s taken home.The col lege principal Karen Money acknowledges that some parents may not have the time or means to avoid 11 in single-use packaging, “but it s 12 to get as many people as we can to avoid it. We talk a lot, as 13 , a

5、bout the bad problems the world j4 and if we don, t start putting some 15 behind that beautifulidea, then it,s just empty.”()1. A.replaceB.washC. cleanD.remove()2. A.provingB.leavingC. promisingD.allowing()3. A.receiveB.forbidC. admitI).conduct()4. A.rewardedB.advisedC. changedD.protected()5. A.crea

6、tiveB.usualC. reusableD.plastic()6. A.soB.butC. then1).though()7. A.teachersB.staffC. familiesD.classmates()8. A. UneatenB.UncookedC. UncoveredD.Unbroken()9.A. break downB.break throughC. get throughD.go into()10.A. returnedB.washedC. reusedD.spared()11.A. foodsB.clothesC. drinksD.tools()12.A. keepi

7、ngB.dreamingC. stoppingD.trying()13.A. functionB.loanC. educatorsD.thunder()14.A. solvesB.showsC. facesD.follows()15. A. territoryB.actionsC. crewD.length【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了墨爾本女子學(xué)院正在清理所有垃圾箱， 并要求學(xué)生們把垃圾帶回家，以鼓勵(lì)他們朝著零浪費(fèi)的方向開展。D 由上文 “asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move t

8、owards zero waste可知，此處指去除垃圾。應(yīng)選I）項(xiàng)。B由上文內(nèi)容可知，此處用leave。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。D由后面的inspections可知，此處指進(jìn)行檢查。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。A由后面的“win prizes可知，此處指獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。C 由下文“buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers*可知，此處指可 重復(fù)使用的包裝。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。B根據(jù)句意可知，此處兩個(gè)分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞but。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。C由前面的take home和via their home bins可知,此處指說服家庭。應(yīng) 選C項(xiàng)。A根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，罐頭里的金槍魚是還未食用的。

9、應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。I）根據(jù)語境可知，此處指放進(jìn)堆肥箱。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。B由語境及常識(shí)可知，罐頭里的未食用金槍魚，放進(jìn)堆肥箱后，罐頭要清洗干凈。 應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。A由語境可知，此處指一次性包裝的食品。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。D 由前面的may not have the time or means to avoid可知，此處指試圖讓盡可能多的人來防止。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。C由上文“The college principal”及語境可知，此處指作為教育工作者。應(yīng)選 C項(xiàng)。C由前面的the bad problems the world可知，此處用face,意為“世界面 臨的壞問題。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。B由句意及語境常識(shí)可知，提出某種想法之后采取一些行動(dòng).

10、應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。H.閱讀理解A(2021年海南省?？?6月大聯(lián)考)According to a new study, running 50 minutes a week, at a pace between 10-minute mile and 7. 5-minute mile, helped lower the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease and other causes. Working out more than that dicin t mean more health benefits, say the researchers, based

11、 on a review of a number of studies.Because running is a popular form of physical activity, study coauthor Zeljko Pedisic and his workmates chose to take a bird, s eye view of what past studies of running and the risk of death had concluded. The team collected 14 papers that collectively studied 230

12、, 000 people for the effects of running on cardiovascular, cancer and other causes. Most participants were from the US and Europe.Pooling the results from these 14 studies showed that running led to lowering the risk of cancer-related death by 23%, the risk of card i ovascu 1 ar-re 1 a ted death by

13、30%, and the risk of death from all other causes by 27%. Those benefits appeared even when people ran relatively slowly and for under an hour a week - less time than the World Heal th Organization recently suggests.There are warnings to the research, though. Among other things, possibly these benefi

14、ts were found because all the 14 studies of running and the cause of death only included healthy people from the get-go, the authors write. Also, only two of the papers recorded how peopleJ s running habits over the years, and how often people ran was self-reported in other papers.Though the results

15、 suggest that people might need loss of a workout than the WHO might suggest, that cloesn, t mean it s time to change these standards, Pedisic says. There are other health factors than need to be examined besides the risk of death, he says, and people need other ways to keep fit, too.)1. What s the

16、new study mainly about?Running as slowly as possible could keep you healthy.Running led to lower risk of death than other diseases.Running more than 50 minutes a week was bad for health. Running less than an hour a week could lower risks of death.()2. What does the underlined word that refer to in P

17、aragraph 1?Running 50 minutes a month.Running 10 miles a week.Running 50 minutes a week.Running 7. 5 miles a week.()3. It can bo learned from the 14 studies ”12 of the studies self-reported how often people ranmost of the studies recorded peopler s running habitsonly people from America and Europe w

18、ere included I), running lowered the risk of death from cancer by 30% ()4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?People should run more than what the WHO suggests.The WHO needs to change its standards for running.The new study results need to be further proved.Running is one of the best ways

19、to keep fit.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章引用新的研究說明鍛煉得更多并不意味著更健康。 每周跑步5（）分鐘，每英里10到7. 5分鐘，有助于降低患癌癥、心血管疾病和其他疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。D主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知，鍛煉得更多不意為著更健康。每周跑步50 分鐘，每英里】（）到7. 5分鐘，有助于降低患癌癥、心血管疾病和其他疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。應(yīng)選D 項(xiàng)。C詞義猜測(cè)題。英語中為了防止前后重復(fù)，可用代詞來指代前句提及的某物或者某 人。第一段中的that此處應(yīng)指代前句提及的“running 50 minutes a week。此句表示： 鍛煉時(shí)間超過50分鐘并不意味著更健康。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。A 推理

20、判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段 “Also, only two of the papers recorded how people* s running habits over the years, and how often people ran was self-reported in other papers（此外，只有兩篇論文記錄了人們多年來的跑步習(xí)慣，以及在其他論文中自 我記錄的跑步頻率）.可知，只有兩篇論文記錄了人們多年來的跑步習(xí)慣，另外12篇論文 是自我記錄的跑步頻率。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，雖然有新的研究認(rèn)證但不意味著是時(shí)候改變這 曲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。研究的新結(jié)果需要得到進(jìn)步證明

21、。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。B（2021年山東局部重點(diǎn)中學(xué)新起點(diǎn)摸底聯(lián)考）To address the plastic pollution troubling the world* s seas and waterways, Cornell University chemists have developed a new polymer that can degrade （降解） when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, according to the research published in the JournalofthcAmcri canChcm i ca ISo

22、c i e ty.“We have created a new plastic that has the mechanical properties required by commercial fishing gear. If it eventually gets lost in the water environment, this material can degrade on a realistic time scale, said lead researcher Bryce Lipinski, professor of chemistry and chemical biology a

23、t Cornell University. This material could reduce persistent plastic accumulation in the environment. z/Conunercial fishing contributes to about half of all floating plastic waste that ends up in the oceans. Fishing nets and ropes are primarily made from three kinds of polymers, none of which easily

24、degrade. While research of degradable plastics has received much attention in recent years, “ Lipinski said, obtaining a material with the mechanical strength comparable to commercial plastic remains a difficult challenge.Coates and his research team have spent the past 15 years developing the new p

25、lastic called isotactic polypropylene oxide, or iPPO. While its original discovery was in 1949, the mechanical strength of this material was unknown before this recent work. The high isotacticity and polymer chain length of their material makes it different from previous plastics and piovides its me

26、chanical strength.Lipinski noted that whi1e iPPO is stable in ordinary use, it eventual 1y breaks down when exposed to UV light. The change in the plastic, s composition is evident in the laboratory, but avisually, it may not appear to have changed much during the process, “ he said, “The rate of de

27、gradation is light intensity-dependent, but under their laboratory conditions, the polymer chain lengths degraded to a quarter of their original length after 30 days of exposure.，rLipinski and other scientists want no trace of the polymer to be left in the environment. He notes there is precedent fo

28、r the biodegradation of smal1 chains of iPPO which could effectively make it disappear and ongoing efforts aim to prove this.（ ）5. What is special about the new polymer?It can reduce plastic consumption.It is expected to lower fishing costs.It can degrade plastic waste in the sea water.It has been d

29、eveloped to solve plastic pollution.()6. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?Fishing should be forbidden in the sea.It requires great effort to invent the new plastic.Nets and ropes arc not the major pollution source.Degradable plastics were not studied until recently.()7. What did the recent study f

30、ind about iPPO?Its original use.Its special intensity.Its mechanical strength.Its complex composition.()8. What is Lipinski , s attitude towards the future of iPPO?A. Hopeful.B. Indifferent.C. Skeptical.D. Negative.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一種新材料的一些特點(diǎn)優(yōu)勢(shì)和面臨的 一些問題。D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知：根據(jù)發(fā)表在?美國化學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)雜志?上的研究，為了 解決困

31、擾世界海洋和水道的塑料污染問題，康奈爾大學(xué)的化學(xué)家們開發(fā)了一種新的聚合物, 這種聚合物暴露在紫外線輻射下可以降解。由此可知，這種新型聚合物的特別之處在于它是 為了解決塑料污染而開展起來的。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知：Lipinski說：“雖然近年來可降解塑料的研究 受到了很大關(guān)注，但獲得一種機(jī)械強(qiáng)度可與商業(yè)塑料媲美的材料仍然是一項(xiàng)艱巨的挑戰(zhàn)。 由此推知，創(chuàng)造這種新塑料需要很大的努力。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“The high isotacticity and polymer chain length of their material makes it different from previous plastics and provides its mechani