人教版新目標八年級下冊英語語法知識點精講練習文檔

1、外語下載中心新目標八年級下冊英語語法知識點精講+練習（一）一般未來時一般未來表示未來某個要生的作或許存在的狀。往常與表示未來的狀用，如tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nextyear,nextmonth,nextweek,in100years等。begoingtodo（原形）構(gòu)：表示打算、準做的事情或許必定要生的事情。如：Itisgoingtorain.willdo構(gòu)表示未來的用法：1.表示Doyouthinkitwillrain?Youwillfeelbetterafteragoodrest.2.表表示Iwillborrowabookfromourschoollib

2、rarytomorrow.Whatwillshedotomorrow?基本組成以下：一般疑句組成：（1）will+主+do?WillSarahcometovisitmenextSunday?（2）therebe構(gòu)的一般疑句：Willthere+be?Willtherebefewertrees?Yes,therewill./No,therewont否認句組成：will+not（wont）+doSarahwontcometovisitmenextSunday.特別疑句組成：特別疑will主？WhatwillSarahdonextSunday?練一練依據(jù)例句，用will改寫以下各句例：Idontfe

3、elwelltoday（.bebettertomorrow）Illbebettertomorrow.Ginahassixclassestoday.（havealotofhomeworktonight）_Imtirednow（.sleeplater）_Myparentsneedanewcar.（buyonesoon）_Wecantleaverightnow（.leavealittlelater）_Theweatherisawfultoday.（bebettertomorrow）_答案：1.Shellhavealotofhomeworktonight.Illsleeplater.Theyllbuy

4、onesoon.Wellleavealittlelater.Maybeitllbebettertomorrow.（二）should的用法：外語下載中心外語下載中心should用來提出建和忠告，后加原形，否認句直接在should后加not.比如：Ithinkyoushouldeatlessjunkfood.我你少吃垃圾食品。Shedrivesalotandsheseldomwalks.SoIthinksheshouldwalkalot.她常開，極少走路。所以我她多走路。Studentsshouldntspendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.學生不妥花太多的玩算機

5、游。學向人提建的幾種句式：1）Ithinkyoushould2）Well,youcould3）Maybeyoushould4）Whydontyou?5）Whataboutdoingsth.?6）Youdbetterdosth.練一練should或shouldnt填空Icantsleepthehtnigbeforeexams.You_takeawarmshowerbeforeyougotobed.Goodfriends_argueeachother.Thereislittlemilkintheglass.We_buysome.Theydidntinviteyou?Maybeyou_befrien

6、dlier.Iamalittlebitoverweight.SoIthinkI_doexerciseseveryday.答案：1.should2.shouldnt3.should4.should5.should（三）過去進行時去行表示去某一點正內(nèi)行的作或許去某一段內(nèi)向來行的作。組成was/were+doing，比如：IwaswatchingTVat9oclocklastnight.at9oclocklastnight是點Theywereplayingfootballallafternoon.allafternoon是段去行的志at8oclocklastnight,thistimeyesterd

7、ay等。比如：Iwashavinglunchathomethistimeyesterday.昨天的個候我正在吃午。Atthattimeshewaswritingabook.那子她在寫一本。（表示她在那段里向來在做那件事情。）練一練用括號中所的適合形式填空。1.ThistimeyesterdayI_（read）books.2.At9oclocklastSundaythey_（have）aparty.WhenI_（come）intotheclassroom,she_（read）astorybook.She_（play）computergameswhilehermother_（cook）yester

8、dayafternoon.外語下載中心外語下載中心5.I_（have）ashowerwhenyou_（call）meyesterday.答案：1.wasreading2.werehaving3.came;wasreading4.wasplaying;wascooking5.washaving;called（四）間接引語形成步：1）不要逗號，冒號，引號2）要考到人稱的化（人稱的化與是一致的）3）要考的化4）要考狀、地址狀和示代的化。直接引成接引，幾個主要的化律直接引一般在一般未來內(nèi)行直接引成接引，一些的化律直接引am/isarehave/haswillcanmay接引一般去去將往來行接引1.wa

9、s2.werehadwouldcouldmight練一練用括號中所的適合形式填空。ShesaidI_（be）hard-working.Petertoldmehe_（be）boredyesterday.Shesaidshe_（go）swimminglastSunday.Bobbysaidhe_（may）callmelater.Antoniotoldmehe_（read）abookthen.答案：1.was2.was3.went4.might5.wasreading述別人的：IgotothebeacheverySaturday.（Tom）Icanspeakthreelanguages.（Lucy）

10、3.Iwillcallyoutomorrow.（Mike）4.ImhavingasurprisepartyforLana（.she）（五）if指引的條件狀語從句構(gòu)：if一般在，主未來含：假如，將要比如：Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.假如你求他，他會幫助你。Ifneedbe,wellworkallnight.假如需要，我就干個徹夜。外語下載中心外語下載中心練一練依據(jù)中文提示，達成句子。假如你參加聚會，你將會過得很高興。Ifyou_theparty,you_.假如明日下雨，我們將不去野餐。Ifit_tomorrow,we_.假如你常常聽英文歌，你將會喜愛英語的。Ifyouof

11、ten_,you_.答案：1.Ifyougototheparty,youwillhaveagoodtime2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewontgotothepicnic3.IfyouoftenlistentoEnglishsongs,youlllikeEnglish二.完形填空特色及解題思路（一）題型分類與特色完形填空試題是在給出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干個詞，留下一些空格，要求考生借助短文保存的部分，從所給的短文整體出發(fā)，在正確理解短文意思的基礎上，依據(jù)句子和句子間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系、詞的用法和習慣搭配等，用適合的詞或詞語填空，使補全后的短文意思通暢、前后連接、構(gòu)造完好。這類題型測

12、試的內(nèi)容從形式上看是單詞或短語的填空，但它一定注意到短文中上、下文意思連接、詞語搭配和語法構(gòu)造正確，所以在空格上所填的詞一定切合語義合用和語法正確兩條原則，只考慮某一側(cè)面都可能致使錯誤。中考取完形填空試題的基此題型分兩類：完形填空選擇題和完形填空題。完形填空選擇題：該題型的特色是將一篇短文中若干詞語抽掉留下空格，對每一空格供給若干個選擇項，要求考生通讀短文后，在理解短文意思的基礎上，運用所學的詞匯、句型、語法等語言知識，從所供給的備選項中選出一個最正確答案，使短文內(nèi)容完好正確。中考完形填空主要以這類題型為主。它所給的短文一般與初中英語教材難易程度相當，字數(shù)在150200個單詞以內(nèi)，多半設置10

13、個左右空格，所設考點波及詞匯、語法及對短文內(nèi)容的理解。短文的第一句一般不設空，以期供給一個語境，對每一空格設置的選項基本都屬于同樣或平等的詞類，給判斷選擇帶來必定的擾亂，重視考察了考生正確運用詞匯的能力及對短文的整體理解和邏輯推理能力。選詞填空題：該題型的特色是把抽出的詞打亂次序，不按原文次序擺列，放在短文前面或后邊的方框內(nèi)，有時還增添幾個文外的詞，要求考生從中選出適合的詞以正確的形式填入短文空格內(nèi)。A）Jackwantedtoaskfortwodaysoff,1hehadonlylearntthephrase（短語）“haveadayoff”.He2,thenhehadanidea.“Gra

14、ndmotherisill.MayIhaveadayoff,3?”heaskedtheteacher.“Ofcourse,youcan.”replied（答復）theteacheratonce.Afterawhile,theboycameto4attheteachersdoor“.MayIhaveadayoff5?”Theteacherwasverysurprised,“Didntyou6itjustnow?”“Yes,sir.ButIcantbe7here,either.”Theteacherunderstoodhimandcouldnothelp8.Thenhesaidwithasmile

15、,“WhydidntyousayMayIhavetwodaysoff?”Theboyansweredquickly9aloudvoice.“Butyouonly10ushaveadayoff!”（）1.A.butB.andC.orD.for（）2.A.thoughthardlyB.thoughthardandhardC.hardthoughtD.thoughtandthought（）3.A.MissB.sirC.teacherD.Mr（）4.A.strikeB.bestC.hitD.knock（）5.A.alsoB.againC.tooD.once外語下載中心外語下載中心（）6.A.speak

16、B.tellC.sayD.do（）7.A.tomorrowB.thedayaftertomorrowyesterdaythedaybeforeyesterday（）8.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughedD.laughing（）9.A.withB.onC.inD.by（）10.A.teachB.taughtC.areteachingD.wereteaching（B）請依據(jù)內(nèi)容從所給的15個單詞中選出最適合的10個填入空白處，使短文完好，有些詞要依據(jù)需要作適合的詞形變化。than,so,tell,us,them,report,beause,love,composition,unde

17、rstand,to,that,much,for,whatAgenerationgap（代溝）hasbecomeaseriousproblem.Ireada_（1）aboutitinthenewspaper.Somechildrenhavekilled_（2）afterquarrels（爭執(zhí)）withparents.Ithinkthisis_（3）theydonthaveagoodtalkwitheachother.Parentsnowspend_（4）timeintheoffice._（5）theydonthavemuchtimetostaywiththeirchildren.Astimepa

18、sses,theybothfeel_（6）theydonthavethesametopics（話題）totalkabout.Iwantto_（7）parentstobemorewithyourchildren,gettoknowthemandunderstandthem.Andforchildren,showyourfeeling_（8）yourparents.Theyarethepeoplewho_（9）you.Sotellthemyourthoughts（想法）.Inthisway,youcanhaveabetter_（10）ofeachother.完形填空選擇題的一般解題思路是：跳過空格

19、、通讀全文、掌握粗心。先跳過空格，通讀試題所給的要完形填空的短文，獲取整體印象，做到弄清文脈、抓住主旨，較好地掌握短文粗心。要在閱讀理解短文意思的基礎上才開始判斷選擇，切忌匆促下筆。聯(lián)合選項、綜合考慮、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基礎上，再聯(lián)合所給備選項細讀全文，聯(lián)系上、下文內(nèi)容，注意從上、下文的語法構(gòu)造和詞語搭配及從選擇項中找尋解題的提示，以詞、句的意義為先，再從剖析句子構(gòu)造下手，依據(jù)短文意思、語法例則、詞語固定搭配等進行綜合考慮，對備選項逐個進行剖析、比較和挑選，清除擾亂項、初步選定答案。前怕狼后怕虎、先易后難、各個擊破。動筆時要前怕狼后怕虎、通篇考慮、先易后難。對照較顯然直接的、自己最有掌

20、握的答案先做，一下子不可以確立答案的，先跳過這一空格，持續(xù)往下做，最后回過頭來再集中精力解決難點。這時可聯(lián)合已確立答案的選項再讀一遍短文，跟著對短文理解的深入，能夠降低試題的難度，提升選擇的正確率。復讀全文、逐空考證、填補疏忽。達成各道題選擇后，把所選的答案代入原文，再把全文通讀一篇，逐空仔細復查。看所選定的答案能否使短文意思前后連接、理所應當，語法構(gòu)造能否正確，能否切合習慣表達法。如發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤答案或有疑問的，應再次斟酌、頻頻商酌、做出修正。完形填空試題的一般解題思路是：跳過空格、通讀短文、認識粗心。解題時先跳過空格，通讀完形填空的短文，認識全篇的內(nèi)容和主旨。要重視首句，擅長以首句的時態(tài)、語氣為

21、立足點，理清文脈，推斷全文主題及粗心。復讀短文、確立語義、判斷詞形。掌握短文粗心后再仔細復讀短文，利用上下文的語境，聯(lián)合所學過的知識，先確立空格地方需詞語的意義，再依據(jù)空格在句子中的地點，判斷其在句中充任的成分，進而確立所填詞的詞性，再依照詞語搭配和語法例則，判斷所填的詞的正確形式。三讀短文、上下參照、考證答案。在短文的每一空白處填上一個詞后，將達成的短文再細讀一遍，上下參照，連接思慮。把所填的答案放入短文中進行查驗，可從上、下文內(nèi)容能否協(xié)調(diào)一致、理所應當，語法構(gòu)造能否正確無誤等進行綜合考證，凡有疑問一定從頭斟酌考慮。外語下載中心外語下載中心（三）課文閱讀指導初中閱讀閱讀理解能力1）理解主旨要

22、義2）理解文中詳細信息3）依據(jù)上下文猜想生詞的意義4）做出簡單判斷的推理5）理解文章的基本構(gòu)造6）理解作者的企圖和態(tài)度培育優(yōu)秀閱讀習慣1）擴大視距2）戰(zhàn)勝聲讀3）戰(zhàn)勝逐字讀猜想詞文1）經(jīng)過標題或主題句進行展望2）文章的標題或主題句可包含作者的企圖和偏向、篇章的整體意義和深層意義，所以經(jīng)過文章標題或主題句進行展望，以便正確理解。3）經(jīng)過語篇標志進行展望4）語篇標志包含關(guān)系詞、變換詞也包含其余重點詞。5）利用背景知識展望6）利用圖片進行展望實戰(zhàn)演練（答題時間：80分鐘）一.選擇填空。（）1.Beijingwonthechances_the2008Olympics.A.tohostB.hostC.h

23、ostingD.hosted（）2.TigerWoodscanmakebillions_dollarsayear.A.forB.withC.ofD.on（）3.Youlookedsobeautifulattheparty._.A.No,IdontthinksoB.OfcourseC.ThankyouverymuchD.No,Imnotbeautiful（）4.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare_newwordsinit.A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little（）5.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_“

24、WhoMovedMycheese”wasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.whatC.howD.if（）6.InourEnglishstudyreadingismoreinterestingthanspeaking,Ithink.Idontagree.Speakingis_reading.A.asimportantasB.soimportantasC.themoreimportantD.themostimportant（）7.Ifhe_harder,hellcatchupwithus.外語下載中心外語下載中心A.workB.worksC.workedD.willwork（）8

25、.Themanager_thatthebusinesswouldbeworseafterthestock（股票）wentdown.A.talkedB.toldC.saidD.spoke（）9.Weshouldkeep_inthereading-room.A.quietB.quietlyC.quiteD.quickly（）10.Ithinkeverythinggoesonwell._.A.SoIdoB.IdosoC.SodoID.SoisI（）11.IfyouwanttowatchTV,youmayturn_.A.downB.itonC.onitD.itoff（）12.ImsorryIhaven

26、tgotanymoney.Ive_myhandbagathome.A.missedB.leftC.putD.forgotten（）13.Heislisteningtothemusic_sheiswashingclothes.A.afterB.beforeC.thatD.while（）14.Ittakes_timetogotoBeijingbyplanethanbytrain.A.moreB.fewerC.longerD.less（）15.Excuseme.Haveyougotaneraser?Sorry,Ihavent.Why_youaskMary?Perhapsshesgotone.A.do

27、B.dontC.didD.didnt二.選擇適合的答語。_1.WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOlanded?_2.Willpeopleusepapermoneyinthefuture?_3.Icantsleep,whatshouldIdo?_4.IfIwearjeanstoschool,whatwillhappen?_5.Whatdidyourfathersay?A.Yourteacherwontletyouin.B.HesaidIcouldntstayoutlate.C.Iwasdoingmyhomework.D.No,theywont.Everyonewillhavea

28、creditcard.E.Youshouldlistentosomerelaxingmusic.依據(jù)漢語提示填空：1.不知道該怎么辦，你能給我點建議嗎？Idontknow_todo,canyougivemesome_?外星人正在買紀念品的時候，我給警察打了個電話。Whilethealienwas_asouvenir,I_thepolice.我放學回家的路上，看見一只貓從窗戶里跑了出來。Onmywayhomefromschool,Isawacatget_awindow.我不想在電話里跟你討論這件事情。Idontwanttotalk_itwithyou_thephone.我們要在周五夜晚為約翰舉辦

29、一個欣喜的晚會。Wearegoingtohavea_partyforJohn_Fridayevening.四.完形填空：把下邊五個句子放在文章中的適合地點，使文章完好。Threemenwentupinaballoon（氣球）.TheystartedearlyinLondon.TheheadmanwasTed,andtheothertwomenwereDavyandEmilio.1Soontheyheardthesea.Theywerecarryingtheusualrope（繩索）,anditwashangingdownfrom外語下載中心外語下載中心thebasketoftheballoon

30、.Attheendoftheropetheyhadtiedametalbox.Thiscouldholdwater,oritcouldbeempty.So2.Itwasforuseoverthesea.Theywerealsocarryingsomebagsofsand.Afterthesunrose,theballoonwenthigher.Itwentupto3,000metres,and3.Thewaterintheballoonbecameice.Snowfellpastthemensbasket,andtheycouldseemoresnowontheground4.,butitwa

31、shard.Theytriedtobreaktheicysandwiththeirknives,butitwasnoteasy.Theworkwasslowandtheywerestillfalling,sotheyhadtodropsomewholebagsofsand.Oneofthemfellonanicylakeandmadeablackholeintheice.Atlasttheypulledtheboxintothebasket.Itwasstillsnowing;so5.Theyroseto5,100metres!Everythingbecameicy.Theyweresocol

32、dthattheydecidedtoland.TheycamedowninPolandheavilybutsafely.Theyhadtravelled1,797kilometresfromLondon!A.ThementriedtothrowoutsomemoresandB.theywereabletochangeitsweight（重量）C.Theyhadabigballoonandtheywerereadyforalongway.D.theyclimbedtogetawayfromthesnowE.theairtherewasverycold五.閱讀理解A）EinsteinWasWait

33、ingforHisFriendOnceEinsteinwaswaitingforoneofhisfriendsonabridge.Hewasthinkingaoblem.Whilehewaswaiting,itbegantorain.Therainkeptonforsometime.WhenEinsteintookoutapieceofpaperfromhispockettowritesomethingdown,thepaperwaswetandthenheknewthatitwasraining.Hisclotheshadbecomewet.Butafterheputthepaperinto

34、hispocket,heforgothewasstandingintherainagain.Manyscientistsarenotcarefulwiththeirlives.Thisisbecausetheyaretoocarefulwiththeirstudies.1.WhatdidEinsteindo?Hewas_.A.adoctorB.ateacherC.ascientistWhywasEinsteinonabridge.Becausehewaswritingsomethingonthebridge.Becausehewaswaitingforafriend.Becausehewast

35、hinking.Itrained_.A.sometimesB.forsometimeC.foralongtime4.Einstein_andbegantowritesomethingonit.A.boughtapieceofpaper.B.tookapieceofpaperfromhiscar.C.tookoutapieceofpaperfromhispocket.5.Whichistrue?A.Einsteinwascarefulwithhiswork.B.Einsteinwascarefulwithhisclothes.C.Einsteinwascarefulwithhisfriends.

36、（B）生活中總會有很多不測事故發(fā)生，懂得搶救或自救是特別重要的。請閱讀下邊資料，依據(jù)15小題所描繪的救護方法，從A-G七幅圖中找出與題意相應的圖畫（此題共有七幅圖，你只好選五幅圖，多項選擇不給分。）Ifthepersonhasstoppedbreathing,youmusttrytostarthis/herbreathingatonce.Thebestthingistousethemouth-to-mouthway.Laythepersononhis/herbackandbreatheintohis/hermouth.Ifthepersonisbleeding（流血）badly,youmusttrytostopthebleeding.Pressonthebleedingpointwithapieceofclean外語下載中心外語下載中心clothandholdupthepartofthebody