蔬菜栽培英文版

1、蔬菜栽培英文版Home vegetable gardeningProduce value of $14 billion per year (U.S.)40% of families have vegetable gardensWhy grow vegetables?TasteSaves moneyHealthCan be chemical-freeExerciseAttracts wildlifePlanning a gardenLocationWater supplyFull sunWell drained loam, pH 6-6.5Away from treesAway from slo

2、pesPlanning a gardenSizeStart small (25 x 25 or less)Most seed packs plant a 15 rowGarden layoutRows oriented east to westTaller & trellised plants on north sideShorter plants towards south sidePlant perennials togetherBlock (bed) gardeningVegetable garden designRowsBedsMixed beds (flowers/vegetable

3、s)ContainersWindow boxesPlanning a vegetable gardenWhat uses?Fresh, canning, freezing (p. 500)Climate assessmentDates of avg. spring & fall killing frostsFrost free period = # days from last spring frost to first fall frost (ranges from 60-250 days)Planning a vegetable gardenVegetable characteristic

4、sDays to maturityWarm season vs. cool seasonWarm season restricted to frost free periodCool season can tolerate light frostStart indoors & transplant for Spring cropPlant as seed for late fall cropPlanning a vegetable gardenVegetable characteristicsHarvested crop and light requirementsFruit 8 hoursR

5、oot 6 hoursLeaf 4 hoursHarvested crop and nutrient requirementsLeaf crops high NRoot crops High K, lower NPlanning a vegetable gardenIntercroppingSuccession planting (double cropping)Relay plantingCrop rotationCompanion plantingRow to row distanceIntercroppingSuccession plantingRelay plantingPlantin

6、g at intervals for continuous, extended harvestBeans, sweet corn, lettuceSow when previous crop has emerged (germinated)Crop rotationCompanion plantingSome plants do better next to certain types of plantsSome plants have insect repellant propertiesSome plants attract beneficial insectsExample: corn/

7、squash canopy disorients squash vine borerCompanion planting for pest controlBeneficial insectsPoor plant combinationsPlant antagonism some plants secrete growth-suppressing chemicalsBeans do not follow onions wellTomato/potato do not follow Brassicas wellPlant spacingCan determine final size of pla

8、ntsEqual access to water, nutrients, lightCanopy can suppress weedsPlanting a vegetable gardenSeedViability & storageDirect vs. indirect sowingPrepared seed typesSeed tapes, primed, pelleted, treatedPre-germinating seed (p. 493)ThinningGrowing vegetables from indirect seedingWarm for germinationSeed

9、lings in good light, lower temp.Hardening offTransplanting at proper depthVegetable garden cultivationWateringFertilizingWeed controlMulchingPestsGarden wateringHeavy & occasionallyGerminating seeds, seedlings, transplants frequent & lightCritical watering periodsWater in eveningSoaker, drip irrigat

10、ionGarden fertilizingVegetable plants vary in N-P-K needsAnnual application of compost (5-11lbs./sq. yd.) or manure (12lb./sq. yd.)Green manure crops (legumes, rye) overwinter or intercroppedGranular N-fertilizers applied in Spring (one month before planting)Weed controlHand weedingHoe weedingMulchPlastic, organic, newspaperProper plant spacingVegetable garden pests (p. 498)AnimalsBirds, rabbits, deer, voles, insectsInsectsSucking insects, chewing insectsMoths/caterpillars; beetles/grubs