形容詞、副詞用法及比較級和最高級的用法課件

1、專題七形容詞和副詞 齊齊哈爾市第二十九中學 于 杰 形容詞和副詞 形容詞用于修飾名詞，表示人或事物的屬性或 特征等。 副詞是用來說明動作或狀態(tài)的特征,說明時間， 地點，程度等概念。它用來修飾動詞、形容詞、 副詞、短語或句子。請你思考：什么是形 容詞和副詞？用法例 句補充說明作定語This is an interesting book.I have nothing important to tell you.形容詞作定語時放在被修飾詞之前，修飾不定代詞放在后面作表語The work is difficult.She looks happy today.作表語與系動詞連用作賓補Please kee

2、p the room clean. I find it very beautiful.形容詞的用法多個形容詞修飾名詞的順序：限定詞（冠詞、指示代詞）+數(shù)詞+描述性的形容詞+大小長短高低+形狀+年齡+新舊+顏色+國籍+材料質(zhì)地+用途類別+n口訣：限數(shù)描述大長高 形狀年齡與新舊 顏色國籍和材料 用途類別往后靠 簡記： 描形年顏地材途The +adj+復數(shù)謂語動詞常見的形容詞： dead，poor，rich, old, young, sick, blind, deaf, strong,black,wise, foolish, brave, diligent(勤奮的） marriedThe +國家、民

3、族adj +復數(shù)謂語動詞常出現(xiàn)的國家： the British ， the English ， the French ， the Chinese The Chinese are hard-working.黑龍江近5年真題命題熱點： 1 形容詞辨析 2 形容詞短語辨析 3 副詞辨析 4 形容詞和副詞混合辨析黑龍江近5年真題命題點一：形容詞辨析 形容詞辨析考察特點： 不同形容詞的辨析 同一詞根的不同形式單詞的辨析 形容詞 與enough的位置關系 不同形容詞的辨析解題思路： 讀懂句意 抓住關鍵信息 分析選項表達意思 結(jié)合日常生活及語境 辨別差異常見的分詞的形容詞annoy bore embarra

4、ss frighten/terrify move relax puzzle satisfy tire worry disappoint discourage encourage amaze fascinate形容詞與enough的位置關系enough作副詞，修飾形容詞和副詞，放在形容詞和副詞之后enough作形容詞，修飾名詞，既放在名詞之前也可放在名詞之后in short in general in vain for certain/suresooner or later once more more/less thanat least/most /worst make the best of

5、 副詞的分類時間副詞 now,before, lately, tonight地點副詞 here, there, somewhere頻率副詞 always, often, usually, seldom程度副詞 very, rather, quite, enough方式副詞 quickly, carefully, calmly方向副詞 forward, backward疑問副詞 when, where, how, why連接副詞 when, where, why ,how 副詞的構(gòu)成 有許多副詞是對應的形容詞加ly構(gòu)成,如: strong - strongly real - really 詞尾是

6、y的要把y變?yōu)閕再加 ly, busy - busily happy - happily 以e結(jié)尾的,大部分直接加-ly, wide widely late - - lately 有幾個特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y, true - truly terrible-terribly副詞的用法1.主要用作狀語,修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，還可以修飾介詞短語和句子。 I have already prepared my lesson.(修飾動詞) He has been extremely busy these days.(修飾形容詞)2.也可以用作表語或定語,作定語時通常后置. The girl the

7、re is my sister.(作定語) Is your brother in ?(作表語)3.有些副詞(rather、quite等)通?？梢苑涝诿~前用于加強語氣.用 法例 句作表語My mother is out .作定語The girl there is my friend .作狀語He runs fast. 作賓補I found him outside.命題點三：副詞辨析命題點一：副詞辨析 副詞的辨析考察特點： 1 以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞辨析 2 程度副詞辨析 3 頻率副詞 命題點四：形容詞和副詞混合辨析形容詞和副詞辨析考察特點：A 同一詞根的兩個詞性的混合辨B 兩個單詞兩個詞性之間的混

8、合辨 析 方 法 突 破根據(jù)空格處所修飾的成分確定是形容詞還是副詞 修飾名詞形容詞 修飾動詞或形容詞副詞副詞 系動詞形容詞形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級1、規(guī)則變化 （詞 尾 變 化）單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-er(比較級)或-est(最高級)以字母e接尾的詞加r或sttallwidetallerwidertallestwidest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞末尾只有一個輔音字母應雙寫輔音字母再加er或esthothotterhottest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞變?yōu)閕再加er,或esthappyhappierhappiest多音節(jié)詞和多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加more 和most popularmore popul

9、arthe most popular2. 不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest形容詞和副詞的比較級和是高級形容詞副詞比較級的常用句型1、比較級+thanShe is fatter than he.He is thinner than she.2、比較級+and+比較級 越來越 In spring, the days are getting long

10、er and longer.His voice got weaker and weaker in the end.These days more and more people are learning English.I find the price of house is more and more expensive. It becomes colder and colder when winter comes.3、表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用“Which/Who + 比較級，or?” Which is longer, this one or that?Who is taller, Mar

11、y or Jane?形容詞和副詞的比較級其它用法1表示倍數(shù)的三個句型：(1).times as形容詞原級as.This table is 3 times as big as that one.(2).times the性質(zhì)名詞of.This table is 3 times the size of that one.(3).times形容詞比較級than.This table is 2 times bigger than that one.2同程度級的比較，用as.as，the same as，such.as引導：Henry does not have so/as many books as

12、I have.亨利不如我的書多。3the比較級，the比較級The more you talked，the less attention he paid to you.你說得越多，他越不注意你。4the比較級of the two名詞：The taller of the two boys is my brother. 這兩個男孩中較高的是我弟弟。5一個人的兩種品質(zhì)的比較，用more.than結(jié)構(gòu)：I think shes more shy than unfriendly.與其說她不友好，不如說她害羞。6否定比較級最高級 There is no greater love than that of

13、a man who lays down his life for his friends.為朋友而放棄生命的人的愛是最偉大的愛。7比較的對象不能相互包容，注意：比較級+than+The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.密西西比河是美國最長的河。8比較級的修飾語常見的有：much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑問句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit，three times等。The students study eve

14、n harder than before.學生們比以前學習更努力了。any other+單數(shù)the other+復數(shù)/the others8比較的對象應該相同。The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.中國的人口比世界上任何其他國家的都多。China has a larger population than any other country in the world.9.no比較級than的特殊含義A is no more careful than BA和B兩人都不仔細。A is

15、 no less careful than BA和B兩人都很仔細。 形容詞副詞最高級的常用句型1、the 最高級+of (in)Hong JinbaoZheng ZeshiNuttyZheng is fatter than Hong.Nutty is the fattest of the three.Noodles are more delicious than dumplings.The cake is the most delicious of all.2、副詞的最高級前（the) 可以省略Tom runs fast.Jill runs faster.Bob runs fastest.To

16、m comes to school late.Jill comes to school later.Bob comes to school latest.Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 3、表示“最之一”和“第個最”時one of +最高級+名詞復數(shù)the first/second/third+最高級+名詞單數(shù)。 4、用or連接兩項需作比較的內(nèi)容時，須用比較級；若or連接三項或三項以上的內(nèi)容時，則須用最高級。Who

17、is taller, Mary or Jane?Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth? 5、掌握幾種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換He is taller than any other student in his class. = He is taller than the other students in his class.= He is the tallest (student)in his class. 用所給形容詞的正確形式填空1.This is a _ street. That street is_. Zhong Shan Road is

18、 _ of the three.(busy) 2.Fish and chips are very_. Fried chicken is_(delicious).3.Dicks kite is _. Kates kite is_ than Dicks.4. Wuhan is a _city, Beijing is_ than Wuhan.Shanghai is _ city in China.(big)busybusierthe busiestdeliciousmore deliciousbeautifulmore beautifulbigbiggerthe biggestExcercise A

19、上海是中國最大的城市。他是三者當中最矮的。英語是最重要的學科之一。高老師是最受歡迎的教師之一。Shanghai is the biggest city in China.He is the shortest of the three.English is one of the most important subjects.Miss Gao is one of the most popular teachers.Excercise C小結(jié)3.掌握形容詞、副詞表示比較的幾種結(jié)構(gòu)。表示兩者“相等”用，as+形容詞/副詞原級+比較對象；表示“不如”沒有“不相等”，用“not+as/so+形容詞、副詞

20、原級+as+比較對象”；用形容詞、副詞的比較級+than從句表示兩者比較；比較級前可用much,a little,a lot, far， still,no,even,any 等表示程度；and連接同一個比較級，表示越來越；the+比較級.the+另一個比較級表示越越；形容詞、副詞前如有：very,too,quite,rather等修飾，一般用原級；三者、三者以上的比較，一般用最高級；常用介詞in，of短語表示比較的范圍；表示“最之一”，用one of +最高級+復數(shù)名詞；最高級前一般要加“the”；副詞最高級前可加“the”也可不加“the”；當最高級前有物主代詞時，則不加“the”。Prac

21、tice1. A horse is _ than a dog A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier 2. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _ A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless3. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? A. interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting CDC4. I think YaoMing the famous basketball player , will be _ new Star in NBAHot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest 5. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _