形容詞、副詞用法及比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法課件

1、專(zhuān)題七形容詞和副詞 齊齊哈爾市第二十九中學(xué) 于 杰 形容詞和副詞 形容詞用于修飾名詞，表示人或事物的屬性或 特征等。 副詞是用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的特征,說(shuō)明時(shí)間， 地點(diǎn)，程度等概念。它用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、 副詞、短語(yǔ)或句子。請(qǐng)你思考：什么是形 容詞和副詞？用法例 句補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作定語(yǔ)This is an interesting book.I have nothing important to tell you.形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)放在被修飾詞之前，修飾不定代詞放在后面作表語(yǔ)The work is difficult.She looks happy today.作表語(yǔ)與系動(dòng)詞連用作賓補(bǔ)Please kee

2、p the room clean. I find it very beautiful.形容詞的用法多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞的順序：限定詞（冠詞、指示代詞）+數(shù)詞+描述性的形容詞+大小長(zhǎng)短高低+形狀+年齡+新舊+顏色+國(guó)籍+材料質(zhì)地+用途類(lèi)別+n口訣：限數(shù)描述大長(zhǎng)高 形狀年齡與新舊 顏色國(guó)籍和材料 用途類(lèi)別往后靠 簡(jiǎn)記： 描形年顏地材途The +adj+復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的形容詞： dead，poor，rich, old, young, sick, blind, deaf, strong,black,wise, foolish, brave, diligent(勤奮的） marriedThe +國(guó)家、民

3、族adj +復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常出現(xiàn)的國(guó)家： the British ， the English ， the French ， the Chinese The Chinese are hard-working.黑龍江近5年真題命題熱點(diǎn)： 1 形容詞辨析 2 形容詞短語(yǔ)辨析 3 副詞辨析 4 形容詞和副詞混合辨析黑龍江近5年真題命題點(diǎn)一：形容詞辨析 形容詞辨析考察特點(diǎn)： 不同形容詞的辨析 同一詞根的不同形式單詞的辨析 形容詞 與enough的位置關(guān)系 不同形容詞的辨析解題思路： 讀懂句意 抓住關(guān)鍵信息 分析選項(xiàng)表達(dá)意思 結(jié)合日常生活及語(yǔ)境 辨別差異常見(jiàn)的分詞的形容詞annoy bore embarra

4、ss frighten/terrify move relax puzzle satisfy tire worry disappoint discourage encourage amaze fascinate形容詞與enough的位置關(guān)系enough作副詞，修飾形容詞和副詞，放在形容詞和副詞之后enough作形容詞，修飾名詞，既放在名詞之前也可放在名詞之后in short in general in vain for certain/suresooner or later once more more/less thanat least/most /worst make the best of

5、 副詞的分類(lèi)時(shí)間副詞 now,before, lately, tonight地點(diǎn)副詞 here, there, somewhere頻率副詞 always, often, usually, seldom程度副詞 very, rather, quite, enough方式副詞 quickly, carefully, calmly方向副詞 forward, backward疑問(wèn)副詞 when, where, how, why連接副詞 when, where, why ,how 副詞的構(gòu)成 有許多副詞是對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞加ly構(gòu)成,如: strong - strongly real - really 詞尾是

6、y的要把y變?yōu)閕再加 ly, busy - busily happy - happily 以e結(jié)尾的,大部分直接加-ly, wide widely late - - lately 有幾個(gè)特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y, true - truly terrible-terribly副詞的用法1.主要用作狀語(yǔ),修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，還可以修飾介詞短語(yǔ)和句子。 I have already prepared my lesson.(修飾動(dòng)詞) He has been extremely busy these days.(修飾形容詞)2.也可以用作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常后置. The girl the

7、re is my sister.(作定語(yǔ)) Is your brother in ?(作表語(yǔ))3.有些副詞(rather、quite等)通?？梢苑涝诿~前用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣.用 法例 句作表語(yǔ)My mother is out .作定語(yǔ)The girl there is my friend .作狀語(yǔ)He runs fast. 作賓補(bǔ)I found him outside.命題點(diǎn)三：副詞辨析命題點(diǎn)一：副詞辨析 副詞的辨析考察特點(diǎn)： 1 以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞辨析 2 程度副詞辨析 3 頻率副詞 命題點(diǎn)四：形容詞和副詞混合辨析形容詞和副詞辨析考察特點(diǎn)：A 同一詞根的兩個(gè)詞性的混合辨B 兩個(gè)單詞兩個(gè)詞性之間的混

8、合辨 析 方 法 突 破根據(jù)空格處所修飾的成分確定是形容詞還是副詞 修飾名詞形容詞 修飾動(dòng)詞或形容詞副詞副詞 系動(dòng)詞形容詞形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)1、規(guī)則變化 （詞 尾 變 化）單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-er(比較級(jí))或-est(最高級(jí))以字母e接尾的詞加r或sttallwidetallerwidertallestwidest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)輔音字母再加er或esthothotterhottest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞變?yōu)閕再加er,或esthappyhappierhappiest多音節(jié)詞和多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加more 和most popularmore popul

9、arthe most popular2. 不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和是高級(jí)形容詞副詞比較級(jí)的常用句型1、比較級(jí)+thanShe is fatter than he.He is thinner than she.2、比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí) 越來(lái)越 In spring, the days are getting long

10、er and longer.His voice got weaker and weaker in the end.These days more and more people are learning English.I find the price of house is more and more expensive. It becomes colder and colder when winter comes.3、表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用“Which/Who + 比較級(jí)，or?” Which is longer, this one or that?Who is taller, Mar

11、y or Jane?形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)其它用法1表示倍數(shù)的三個(gè)句型：(1).times as形容詞原級(jí)as.This table is 3 times as big as that one.(2).times the性質(zhì)名詞of.This table is 3 times the size of that one.(3).times形容詞比較級(jí)than.This table is 2 times bigger than that one.2同程度級(jí)的比較，用as.as，the same as，such.as引導(dǎo)：Henry does not have so/as many books as

12、I have.亨利不如我的書(shū)多。3the比較級(jí)，the比較級(jí)The more you talked，the less attention he paid to you.你說(shuō)得越多，他越不注意你。4the比較級(jí)of the two名詞：The taller of the two boys is my brother. 這兩個(gè)男孩中較高的是我弟弟。5一個(gè)人的兩種品質(zhì)的比較，用more.than結(jié)構(gòu)：I think shes more shy than unfriendly.與其說(shuō)她不友好，不如說(shuō)她害羞。6否定比較級(jí)最高級(jí) There is no greater love than that of

13、a man who lays down his life for his friends.為朋友而放棄生命的人的愛(ài)是最偉大的愛(ài)。7比較的對(duì)象不能相互包容，注意：比較級(jí)+than+The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.密西西比河是美國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河。8比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有：much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit，three times等。The students study eve

14、n harder than before.學(xué)生們比以前學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。any other+單數(shù)the other+復(fù)數(shù)/the others8比較的對(duì)象應(yīng)該相同。The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.中國(guó)的人口比世界上任何其他國(guó)家的都多。China has a larger population than any other country in the world.9.no比較級(jí)than的特殊含義A is no more careful than BA和B兩人都不仔細(xì)。A is

15、 no less careful than BA和B兩人都很仔細(xì)。 形容詞副詞最高級(jí)的常用句型1、the 最高級(jí)+of (in)Hong JinbaoZheng ZeshiNuttyZheng is fatter than Hong.Nutty is the fattest of the three.Noodles are more delicious than dumplings.The cake is the most delicious of all.2、副詞的最高級(jí)前（the) 可以省略Tom runs fast.Jill runs faster.Bob runs fastest.To

16、m comes to school late.Jill comes to school later.Bob comes to school latest.Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 3、表示“最之一”和“第個(gè)最”時(shí)one of +最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)the first/second/third+最高級(jí)+名詞單數(shù)。 4、用or連接兩項(xiàng)需作比較的內(nèi)容時(shí)，須用比較級(jí)；若or連接三項(xiàng)或三項(xiàng)以上的內(nèi)容時(shí)，則須用最高級(jí)。Who

17、is taller, Mary or Jane?Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth? 5、掌握幾種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換He is taller than any other student in his class. = He is taller than the other students in his class.= He is the tallest (student)in his class. 用所給形容詞的正確形式填空1.This is a _ street. That street is_. Zhong Shan Road is

18、 _ of the three.(busy) 2.Fish and chips are very_. Fried chicken is_(delicious).3.Dicks kite is _. Kates kite is_ than Dicks.4. Wuhan is a _city, Beijing is_ than Wuhan.Shanghai is _ city in China.(big)busybusierthe busiestdeliciousmore deliciousbeautifulmore beautifulbigbiggerthe biggestExcercise A

19、上海是中國(guó)最大的城市。他是三者當(dāng)中最矮的。英語(yǔ)是最重要的學(xué)科之一。高老師是最受歡迎的教師之一。Shanghai is the biggest city in China.He is the shortest of the three.English is one of the most important subjects.Miss Gao is one of the most popular teachers.Excercise C小結(jié)3.掌握形容詞、副詞表示比較的幾種結(jié)構(gòu)。表示兩者“相等”用，as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+比較對(duì)象；表示“不如”沒(méi)有“不相等”，用“not+as/so+形容詞、副詞

20、原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象”；用形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)+than從句表示兩者比較；比較級(jí)前可用much,a little,a lot, far， still,no,even,any 等表示程度；and連接同一個(gè)比較級(jí)，表示越來(lái)越；the+比較級(jí).the+另一個(gè)比較級(jí)表示越越；形容詞、副詞前如有：very,too,quite,rather等修飾，一般用原級(jí)；三者、三者以上的比較，一般用最高級(jí)；常用介詞in，of短語(yǔ)表示比較的范圍；表示“最之一”，用one of +最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞；最高級(jí)前一般要加“the”；副詞最高級(jí)前可加“the”也可不加“the”；當(dāng)最高級(jí)前有物主代詞時(shí)，則不加“the”。Prac

21、tice1. A horse is _ than a dog A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier 2. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _ A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless3. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? A. interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting CDC4. I think YaoMing the famous basketball player , will be _ new Star in NBAHot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest 5. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _