2022年北京市東城區(qū)中考英語一模試卷（附答案詳解）

1、2022年北京市東城區(qū)中考英語一模試卷一、單選題(本大題共12小題，共6.0分) TOC o 1-5 h z My grandparents dont live with us,but their home is near. ()A. yoursB. hisC. hersD. oursLast summer I stayed with my cousin a few days.()A. atB. forC. onD. inYou should start your work right now,you wont finish it on time.()A. orB. andC. butD. s

2、o-does the museum open at the weekends?-At 9： 00 am.()A. HowB. WhereC. WhyD. WhenTheres only an hour left.We hurry to catch the train.()A. mustB. couldC. mayD. wouldThe Battle at Lake Changjin was one of movies in 2021. ()A. popularB. more popularC. most popularD. the most popularJerry,could you tur

3、n down the TV ? Your father a video meeting now.(A. hasB. hadC. is having D. was havingChina nine gold medals at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.()A. winsB. is winning C. wonD. will winMark fell over and hurt his feet while he down the steps.()A. runsB. was running C. ranD. has runBetty wants to bu

4、y her mother a birthday present,but she what to buy.(A. doesn*t decideB. didnt decideC. hasnt decidedD. wont decideThis song ten years ago,but many people still like it now.()A. writesB. is written C. wroteD. was written-Mr.Carter,could you tell me?-Next Thursday.()A. when we had a vocabulary testwh

5、en did we have a vocabulary testwhen we will have a vocabulary testD. when will we have a vocabulary test二、完形填空（本大題共8小題，共80分）Ellie Makes the TeamEDie was an outstanding gymnast (體操運動員)。She could do the gymnastic moves very beautifully.The trouble was that she knew it.When she tried out for the gymna

6、stics team,she put on a( 13)performance.The other girls told her she was amazing.See if you can do that! ”Ellie said.The coach said nothing,and thought hard.The next week,when the list of the team members was posted,El lies name wasnt on it.She turned to the girls standing around her.Tm better than

7、all of you !nshe shouted(14). Its unfair!She went to see the coach.He explained/YouYe very talented,but your(15)is terrible. What do you mean? Ellie asked.I know I am the best,and I prove it every time.* Making the gymnastics team isnt just about gymnastics,the coach said.Its also about being on a t

8、eam. You cant make the team if you don*t recognize how much everyone has to contribute(做貢獻)，and(16)them to do it.Ellie did not think about what the coach said.Instead,she expected the team to lose that year,and it would be the coachs fault (過錯)， for not picking her.But Ellie still practiced at the g

9、ym every day,carefully staying out of the teams way. At first she felt very happy to see the girls on the team struggling (艱難地訓練).But then it started to( 17)her.One day,after watching Kim fall off the uneven parallel bars (again and again,Ellie came to her,and told her what she should do.Kim accepte

10、d Ellies suggestion,and did much better.Ellie felt very(18). She didnt notice the coach looking on from across the room.Over the next few weeks,Ellie tried to help the other girls.The team( 19)each time they competed,and they even won once!The following year,Ellie tried out for the gymnastics team a

11、gain.This lime,her name was on the list.She knew that it was her(20)of becoming a better team player that was responsible for her success.13.A. poorB. perfectC. disappointingD. normal14.A. excitedlyB. nervouslyC. angrilyD. proudly15.A. luckB. performanceC. healthD. attitude16.A. inviteB. encourageC.

12、chooseD. force17.A. worryB. surpriseC. pleaseD. frighten18.A. confidentB. lonelyC. boredD. satisfied19.A. wonB. practicedC. improvedD. celebrated20.A. chanceB. effortC. decisionD. dream三 閱讀理解（本大題共13小題，共26.0分）AKids can make a difference to the world.Here are stories about four amazing kids.Cash Danie

13、ls, 12, clears rubbish from local rivers.25 kids often join him for the clean-ups.They have collected over 11, 000 pounds of rubbish from the rivers.Cash also runs a recycling program to collect cans from businesses.So far,he has recycled over 2, 000 pounds of them.Orion Jean,l 1, started to do good

14、 deeds to others after winning the National Kindness Speech Competition in 2020. He organizes events to provide food,toys and books for people in need.He has collected over 500, 000 books for kids,and over 100, 000 meals for local families.Lino Marrero, 14, invented the Kinetic Kickz 2.0. Its someth

15、ing that fits into the sole （鞋底）of a shoe.lt collects wasted energy from walking.Then people can use it to power up mobile phones.Lino encourages others to come up with ideas for inventions while solving everyday problems.Samirah Horton, 13, is known as DJ Annie Red.She started to perform when she w

16、as 6. Through her music,she helps kids of all ages to stand up to bullying （欺凌）She also reads her book The Bully Stop to kids.Ifs based on her song No,You Wont Bully Me.Who helps clean up local rivers? B. Orion Jean.A. Cash Daniels.B. Orion Jean.C. Lino Marrero.D. Samirah Horton.How many books has O

17、rion Jean collected for kids? A. Over2, 000. B.Overll, 000. C. OverlOO, 000. D. Over500, 000.What does Lino Marrero encourage others to do? A. Help people in need.B. Invent new things.C. Join recycling programs.D. Stand up to bullying.BEmma Dreams Big It was warm outside.Emma was looking through the

18、 window and thinking of riding her horse Star after school.Emma! Could you please turn in your homework? ”Mrs.James called her.I dont have my homework with me,Emma turned back and said.I forgot to put it in my schoolbag after I did it.“Emma,youre such a smart girl,but youre always daydreaming.I may

19、have to talk with your parents,Mrs.James said.Now,class,clear your desks.Lets welcome our guest,Doctor Landon.He is a vet （and he came here today as part of our Career Explorations （職業(yè)探索） program.”Doctor Landon talked about how important grades were and how he tried hard with math when he was a kid.

20、But Emma didn*t listen carefully until a word caught her attention.Horse.On most days of a week,I travel across the county to take care of horses.lt is a lot of work,but I love it.Emmas mouth fell open.What a life that is,she thought.At that moment,Emma could see her future.She was going to be a vet

21、 and take care of horses too!After school,Emma made new plans.She would spend an hour studying math before riding Star.She also decided to spend half an hour every night studying science even if she didnt have any homework.Doctor Landon said those were important subjects to study if you wanted to be

22、 a vet.When Emma walked into the house,she told her parents about her new plans.They were both surprised.I had a talk with her last week.I told her she needed to work harder if she wanted to get into a good college.I guess she is taking my advice,Hher dad said to her mom.Emma smiled.She didnt rememb

23、er what her dad said.Maybe she would tell them about her dream tomorrow.What was the problem with Emma? She wasnt very clever.She was always daydreaming.She didnt understand her teacher.She often forgot to do her homework.Emma was interested in Doctor Landons.A. work as a vetB. grades at schoolC. ad

24、vice on studyD. travelling experiencesWhy did Emma make new plans ? She had a lot of homework to do.She wanted to get into a good college.She realized she must study hard for her dream.She was afraid MrsJames would talk to her parents.cMany studies have shown the learning-by-teaching effect.Students

25、 who spend time teaching what theyve learned show better understanding and ability to remember knowledge than students who simply spend the same time re-studying.But why does teaching help?Researchers led by Aloysius Wei Lun Koh did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teachefs lear

26、ning because it forces the teacher to retrieve （檢索）what they*ve leamed.In other words,they believe that bringing to mind what weve learned leads to deeper and longer-lasting acquisition （獲得）of that information than spending more time re-studying. The researchers asked 124 students to spend ten minut

27、es studying a text with numbers on a topic which is completely new to them.They told the students they could take notes while studying,but would teach the material afterwards without notes.After studying the text,the students were divided into four groups.In one group the students spent five minutes

28、 delivering a lesson on the study material without notes.The other groups either spent the same time completing arithmetic （算術）problems,teaching with a script （講稿）or writing down all they could remember from the text-a form of retrieval practice. A week later,all the students returned to the lab for

29、 a surprise test of their knowledge and understanding of the text. The important finding is that the teaching-without-notes group and the retrieval-practice group outperformed the group that completed arithmetic problems and the group that taught with a script.In fact,the performance of the teaching

30、-without-notes group and the retrieval-practice group was comparable.The researchers said the result shows that the benefits of the leaming-by-teaching method are caused by retrieval practice； that is,the leaming-by-teaching method works only when the teaching involves retrieving the taught material

31、s.The new findings have a practical suggestion for how the leaming-by-teaching method is used in education.In order to make sure that students learn and remember an educational material,they should internalize （內 化）the material before presenting it to others,rather than depend on notes during the pr

32、esentation process.Why did the researchers do the study? To compare different methods of learning.To test whether teaching can improve learning.To find out the reason why people like teaching.To check the reason for leaming-by-teaching effect.Paragraph 3 is mainly about.A. how long the study lastedB

33、. who took part in the studyC. what result the study showedD. how the study was performedWhat can we learn from the study? Teaching with a script is the best way of learning.Teaching benefits learning because of retrieval practice.Solving arithmetic problems is harder than doing other tasks.Presenti

34、ng with notes can help students remember a material.DTechnology has done our world wonders： from development in medicine,travel,communication,to our day-to-day lives.lt has undoubtedly changed the way our society works,and how we communicate with one another and ourselves.However,by completely welco

35、ming technology as a part of everyday life,are we losing our ability to create ? Technology presents a new platform for creativity to exist （存在）on.Through technology,ideas can be set free and come to life in the physical world.We have the necessary tools fbr greater possibilities and new solutions.F

36、or example,businesses now have the opportunity to improve themselves more creatively through websites,film advertisements,social media or radio.However,when we look more closely,its easy to notice some disadvantages.For example,many of us depend so heavily on automated calculations （自動計算）nowadays,ra

37、ther than taking the time to work it out for ourselves.Another obvious situation is that a lot of people are spending too much time on screens.As a result,they are reducing the opportunities to come up with their own creations.Is there a way to find a balance between technology and human creativity?

38、 1 think so.lt is simply a matter of making sure that creativity is not by technology.The first way is to reduce our usage of digital devices （數(shù)字設備）by setting limits on when,where,and how long we use them,turning off the notifications （通知）on your phone,or putting your phone on Do Not Disturb1. Once

39、you become used to these,you will feel surprised how little you think about your phone.Another wonderful way is to take daily walks in the nature.lt can help you reset,rebalance,and keep going.In the long run,a daily walk can not only influence our creativity and imagination but further our physical

40、 and mental （思想的）health.We can also develop our creativity by doing yoga,keeping a journal,or reading.The key to the survival （生存）of our creativity starts with us.Will you put your phone away when spending time with friends? Will you try to find happiness and purpose outside of a screen ? The action

41、s you choose to take will help change the relationship between creativity and technology for the better.Why does the writer talk about businesses in Paragraph 2? To stress the importance of creativity.To suggest good ways to develop technology.To show the effect that technology has on creativity.To

42、explain the relationship between business and creativity.The word deterred in Paragraph 4 probably means A. examined B. controlled C. replacedD. preventedThe writer probably agrees that.limiting the usage of our phones can help us develop creativityspending time on screens is the easiest way to keep

43、 people happyturning off the notifications on the phone will make people worrieda daily walk does more good to physical health than to mental healthWhich of the following would be the best title fbr the passage? Technology： How Does It Help Develop Creativity?Creativity in a World of Technology： Doe

44、s It Exist?Technology and Creativity： Which Is More Important?Technology and Creativity： How Do They Influence Each Other?四、任務型閱讀-簡答（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）On March 2, 2022, world leaders at the 5th meeting of the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA) reached a historic agreement to solve the problems

45、of plastic.They agreed that by 2024, they would create and sign a new treaty (條約)on plastics.The new treaty would create international laws that could help bring plastic waste under control. Because plastic is useful for so many purposes,it has become a part of nearly all areas of our lives.Ifs hard

46、 to look anywhere without things made of plastic.Its reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year.By 2040, the number is expected to double.Although theres a lot of talk about recycling,only 9%of all the plastic ever created has been recycled.Almost all kinds of plastic are m

47、ade from some kind of oil.It gives off dangerous gases (氣 體)when its produced and also when its burned or buried (掩埋)in the ground.Scientists say plastics are responsible for 4.5%of the worlds greenhouse gases.Plastic doesn*t break down like natural materials,such as wood.Instead,it just breaks into

48、 smaller and smaller pieces,and finally tiny bits of plastic called microplastics.In recent years,microplastics have been found almost everywhere,from the North Pole to Antarctica,from the top of the Earth*s tallest mountain to the deepest point in the sea.Theyve even been found in the bodies of ani

49、mals including humans.The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic life cycle1, including making it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of (處理)it.The treaty will also cover how to deal with microplastics in the oceans,on land,and in the things we eat.lt is expected to lay out rules to get r

50、id of single-use plastics as well.Deciding on the specific rules and goals that will go in the treaty will probably be difficult.The treaty is likely to require all countries to take their own steps to meet the treaty*s goals,and offer poorer countries money to help them meet the goals.How much plas

51、tic is produced every year now? When does plastic give off dangerous gases? What does plastic finally become when it breaks down? What does the whole plastic life cycleinclude? What do you think of the idea of creating the new treaty on plastics? Why do you think so?35.中國有一些傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，如春節(jié)、中秋節(jié)和端午節(jié)(the Drag

52、on Boat Festival) o每個 節(jié)日都有不同的習俗和意義。假如你是李華，你校英語社團正在開展線上國際交流活動，其公眾號計劃推送有關 中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的系列內容。請你用英語給公眾號寫一篇文稿，介紹一個中國的傳統(tǒng) 節(jié)日，包括時間，慶祝方式，以及這個節(jié)日的意義。提示詞語：get together,dinner,enjoy,wish提示問題： When is the festival ?How do people usually celebrate the festival?Why is the festival important?There are some traditional fes

53、tivals in China.設定目標對每個人都很重要。有了明確的目標，才有努力的方向，并產生前進的動力。 某英文網站正在開展以“明確目標，全力以赴”為主題的征文活動。假如你是李華，請用 英文寫一篇短文投稿，談談你近期的一個目標是什么，你為什么確定這個目標，以及為 實現(xiàn)這個目標做出的努力。提示詞語：make progress,practice,keep,effort提示問題： What is your goal ?Why do you set this goal?What do you do to achieve this goal?Setting goals is very importa

54、nt for everyone.答案和解析.【答案】D【解析】yours你的；his他的；hers她的：ours我們的。根據前句My grandparents dont live with us,“可知,應是離我們的家很近。故選：D。我的祖父母不與我們住在一起，但他們的家離我們的很近。仔細分析句子的結構，掌握名詞性物主代詞的用法。.【答案】B【解析】at在某時刻，在幾點；for時間長達.；on在具體某一天；in在某年、月、季 節(jié)：根據題干中的a few days （幾天）,可知用for+時間段，表示時間長達. 故選：Bo去年夏天我和表哥在一起待了幾天。注意介詞用法，結合語境，選擇正確答案。.【

55、答案】A【解析】。r否則；andhe； but但是；so因此、所以。分析前后句句意可知，空處的詞應 用。r否則，引導并列句。故選：Ao你應該馬上開始工作，否則你不能按時完成。正確辨析幾個連詞的漢語意思和用法，結合語境選擇作答。.【答案】D【解析】How怎么；Where在哪里；Why為什么；When什么時候。根據At 9： 00 am- 上午9： 00,可知，對時間提問用When。故選：D。-博物館周末什么時候開放？一上午9： 00疑問詞通常用來構成疑問句，要根據具體的語境，分清疑問詞的用法，選擇合適答案。.【答案】A【解析】must 必須：could 能;may 可以；would 將會。根據

56、Theres only an hour left. 只剩下一個小時了。可知，我們必須趕快趕火車。故選：Ao只剩下一個小時了。我們必須趕快趕火車。情態(tài)動詞在句中不受人稱、性別、單復數(shù)變化的影響，但是要考慮時態(tài)，交際用法等。 結合語境，選擇正確答案。.【答案】D【解析】根據One of和時間狀語短語in 2021,可知此題考查固定短語。ne of the +形容 詞最高級+名詞復數(shù)，表示最之一。形容詞的最高級前必須用the。故選：Do長津湖是2021年最受歡迎的電影之一。形容詞、副詞的原級，比較級和最高級是考試的必考知識點，需充分掌握各種形式。做 題時，結合句意，把握關鍵詞，確定考點。.【答案】C

57、【解析】根據第一句句意杰瑞，你能把電視關掉嗎？,可知第二句動詞have的動作正 在進行，故句子時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在進行時，其結構為am/is/are+doing,：主語Your father是 第三人稱單數(shù)，所以be動詞用is；故選：Co杰瑞，你能把電視關掉嗎？你父親現(xiàn)在正在開視頻會議。考查動詞時態(tài)，結合時間狀語以及語境準確判斷所應使用的時態(tài)。.【答案】C【解析】win贏得；獲得。選項A是第三人稱單數(shù)形式；選項B是現(xiàn)在進行時；選項C 是過去式；選項D是一般將來時。根據字面意思可知句子的時態(tài)是一般過去時，因此本 題正確答案是C。故選：Co中國在2022年北京冬奧會上獲得9塊金牌。解答本題首先根據句中結構和

58、字面意思確定時態(tài)是一般過去時，再根據所給選項的不同形式選取正確答案。.【答案】B解析】根據Mark fell over and hurt his feet可知發(fā)生在過去；再結合while當?shù)臅r候 ”可知，句子用過去進行時。故選：Bo馬克跑下臺階時摔倒了，傷了腳?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)，結合時間狀語以及語境準確判斷所應使用的時態(tài)。.【答案】C解析】根據Betty wants to buy her mother a birthday present貝蒂想給她媽媽買一件生 日禮物，可知句子為現(xiàn)在的情況，排除B項，再結合語境推測，她還沒有決定好買什么， 表不對現(xiàn)在的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。故選：Co貝蒂想給她媽媽

59、買一件生日禮物，但她還沒有決定好買什么?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)，結合時間狀語以及語境準確判斷所應使用的時態(tài)。.【答案】D【解析】句子的主語This song和動詞write之間是被動關系，結合時間狀語ten years ago 可知，此題語態(tài)為一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，其構成是：was/were+過去分詞。write的 過去分詞是written故選：D。這首歌是十年前寫的，但現(xiàn)在還有很多人喜歡它。考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)，根據時間狀語判斷時態(tài)，根據主謂之間的主被動關系判斷語態(tài)。.【答案】C【解析】賓語從句保持陳述句的語序，排除答案A和D：根據答語Next Thursday.下周 四?？芍暇湟靡话銓頃r，助動詞w

60、ill,后接動詞原形。故選：Co一卡特先生，你能告訴我我們什么時候進行詞匯測試？ 一下周四。先根據語序排除不合適的選項，然后根據語境選擇恰當?shù)囊豁棥?320.【答案】B、C、D、B、A、D、C、B【解析】（1）形容詞辨析。poor貧窮的；perfect完美的；disappointing令人失望的；normal 正常的。根據The other girls told her she was amazing.（其他女孩告訴她她很令人稱奇） 可知，她的表現(xiàn)很完美，句意：她參加體操隊的選拔時，表現(xiàn)得非常完美。故選B。（2）副詞辨析。excitedly激動地；nervously緊張地；angrily生氣地