2022年人教版中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分教材知識(shí)梳理 八年級(下)Units 1-2

1、八年級（下）Units 1-2教材詞匯分層訓(xùn)練干重點(diǎn)單詞背記.matter幾問題;事情.neck九頸;脖子.fever .發(fā)燒.rest v.& .放松林息.cough .& u咳嗽6,X-ray n.X 射線;X 光.headache .頭痛;令人頭痛的事.passenger .乘客;旅客9.off adv.& ps.離開（某處）;不工作;從去掉.trouble九問題;苦惱.knee .膝;膝蓋.risk .& y.危險(xiǎn);風(fēng)險(xiǎn);冒險(xiǎn).situation幾情況;狀況14.blood .血15.control n.& u限制;約束;管理16.spirit .勇氣;意志.nurse .護(hù)士.sig

2、n .標(biāo)志;信號.notice .通知;通告;注意 乜注意到;意識(shí)到.several幾個(gè);數(shù)個(gè);一些.journey九（尤指長途）旅行;行程.raise 乂募集;征集;上升;舉起.repair 乂修理;修補(bǔ).fix y修理;安裝.wheel幾車輪;輪子1etter .信;函.Miss .女士;小姐.deaf a力聾的.door .門.carry u 拿;提;扛.clever。的.聰明的;聰穎的32.interest .興趣;關(guān)注 乂使感興趣;使關(guān)注33.sir .先生爭重點(diǎn)單詞拓展l.fbot .腳:足feci （復(fù)數(shù)形式）tomach .胃:腹部一stomachache .胃痛;腹痛e “躺

3、:平躺:處于t |八（過去式）t lain （過去分詞）lying （現(xiàn)在分詞）.brcak .間歇;休息y打破:違反- broken a力.破損的:殘缺的.hurt ”使）疼痛:受傷一hurt （過去式/過去分詞）.hit 6用手或器具）擊:打- hit （過去式/過去分詞）- hitting （現(xiàn)在分詞）7.sick ad/.生病的:有病的一sickness九疾病.rock .巖石:搖滾樂tocky。力.巖石的;多巖石的.knife .刀一 knives （復(fù)數(shù)形式）.mean乜意思是:打算:意欲-meant （過去式/過去分詞）meaning .意思:意義.cheer u歡呼;喝彩.歡呼

4、聲:喝彩聲一 cheerfilla力.歡樂的:高興的.lonely必：孤獨(dú)的;寂寞的t alone adv.獨(dú)自;單獨(dú)13.strong。的.強(qiáng)烈的;強(qiáng)壯的t strength幾力氣;力量14.satisfaction .滿足;滿意t satisfy u使?jié)M足:使?jié)M意satisfied adj.滿足的;滿意的15.blind力.瞎的:失明的一blindness .失明:盲目imagine ”想象:設(shè)想t imagination .想象力open u開;打開。力.開著的一 opening .開幕式:落成典禮.train乜訓(xùn)練;培訓(xùn)火車t training九訓(xùn)練:培訓(xùn).understand m理解

5、;領(lǐng)會(huì)一understood （過去式/過去分詞）t understanding adj.善解人意的;體諒人的.change e&九變化;改變changeable 4力.可變的:易變的爭重點(diǎn)短語積累.have a cold 感冒.have a stomachache 胃痛.lie down 躺下.take ones temperature 量體溫.have a fever 發(fā)燒.take breaks/take a break 休息.get off 下車.to ones surprise使驚訝的是;出乎的意料.right away立即;馬上.get into陷入;參與1 l.be intere

6、sted in 對感興趣.be used to習(xí)慣于;適應(yīng)于.usedto曾經(jīng);過去.take risks/take a risk 冒險(xiǎn).run out （of）用盡;耗盡.cut 06 切除.get out of離開;從出來.make a decision 做決定.be in control of 掌管;管理.give up 放棄.clean up打掃（或清除）干凈.cheer up （使）變得更高興;振奮起來.give out分發(fā);散發(fā).come up with想出;提出（主意、計(jì)劃、回答等）.put off 推遲.hand out 分發(fā).call up打電話給（某人工征召.care fo

7、r照顧;非常喜歡.try out參加選拔;試用.fix up修理;裝飾.give away贈(zèng)送;捐贈(zèng).take after （外貌或行為）像.set up建起;設(shè)立34.make a difference 影響;有作用舉核心詞匯語境練根據(jù)首字母及漢語提示補(bǔ)全單詞.Youre not alone （獨(dú)自一人的）.We are always here with you.As the saying goes, Blood （血）is thicker than water.”.The man was bomdeaf （聾的）and he cant hear anything.On weekends,!

8、 usuallylie （躺）down in bed and do nothing.After two hours meeting,they have a short rest （休息）.Uncle Lee9s job is to train （訓(xùn)練）dogs at the police station.The young wear those strange clothes just to get themselves noticed （注意至U）.A11 of my family think Danny is aclever （聰明的）dog.熟詞生義l.lie熟義”躺;平躺;處于，保持（

9、某種狀態(tài)）生義:y.位于;在于;說謊.謊言（1 ）The real trouble lies in his lack of working experience.（B ）（2）1 could tell from her face that she was lying to me.（ C ）（3）The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf.（2021 ,天津）（A ）A.位于B.在于C.說謊D.躺 2.rest熟義.放松;休息生義:.剩余部分;其余（的人或物） (l)My smart phone took a

10、fall to the floor and I could see only one-tenth of my screen while the rest was black.( B )(2)A11 the doctors were very tired,but none of them had a rest.(A )A.休息B.剩余部分C.u放松3.hit熟義:“用手或器具)擊;打生義:.成功;很受歡迎的人(或事物)y.碰撞;撞擊;擊中;使突然想起(1 )The old lady posted some videos about cooking on Douyin,which became a

11、 hit on the Internet.( A )(2)It finally hit me:She was gone forever.(2020-山東青島)( B )(3)The bus hit the bridge and fell into the river.( C )A.受歡迎的事物B.使突然想起C.碰撞D.擊中4.mean熟義:y.意思是;打算;意欲生義:吝嗇的;刻薄的也產(chǎn)生結(jié)果;意味著“They mean much more,“ his father said.(2021 安徽)(A )(2)John is mean and only thinks about himself a

12、nd doesnt treat others nicely.(2021 ,湖 4匕武漢)(C )A.意味著B.打算C.吝嗇的D.意欲5.sign熟義:.標(biāo)志;信號生義”簽字;簽署;簽約.跡象;標(biāo)牌;指示牌(l)We should make a sign about not throwing rubbish into the sea,and put it in the sand on the beach.(2021 ,浙 江杭州)(C )(2)1 want to check with my secretary before I sign the papers.( B )(3)The rain s

13、howed no signs of stopping D )A.信號B.簽署C.指示牌 D.跡象6.raise熟義a募集;征集;籌集生義”舉起;增加;提高;飼養(yǎng);養(yǎng)育;提及;提出(1 )Betty started to raise money for her study abroad.( A ) (2)When Peters family were having dinner,Father raised an interesting question.( B )A.籌集B.提出C.提高D.養(yǎng)育 7.change熟義:v.& .變化;改變生義:.零錢(l)Great changes have t

14、aken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries,while completely new cities arebeingbuilt.(2018安徽)(B )(2)Once you break the habit,your values will 比2跑.(2021 ,湖南長沙)(A )(3)You give me $100 and the shirt is $55.Heres your change/C )A.v.改變B.變化C.零錢名師考點(diǎn)精講考點(diǎn)Ilie的用法 【教材原句】I think you should lie down

15、 and rest.我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該躺下來休息。(P2)意為“（人或動(dòng)物）艄平臥”,常與表示 場所的短語連用作不及物動(dòng)詞_作不及物動(dòng)詞一與表示方位的短語連用意為“說謊“，常見用法：lie to sb = tdl J sb a lie.意為,時(shí)某人說謊”拓展延伸(1)辨析 lie 和 layo拓展延伸詞匯詞義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞躺;位于laylainlyinglie說謊，撒謊liedliedlyinglay放置;下蛋l(fā)aidlaidlaying（2） 口訣記憶。規(guī)則的說謊（規(guī)則動(dòng)詞lieliedlied）,不規(guī)則的躺（不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞lielaylain）,躺過就下蛋（躺”的過去式是“下蛋”的原形），下

16、蛋說付錢（lay,say,pay的過去式和過去分詞變化規(guī)律相同）?；顚W(xué)活用.My grandma is pleased to keep a hen because it an egg every day.A.fixes B.lays C.breaks D.repairs【解析】考杳動(dòng)詞。句意:我的祖母很高興養(yǎng)了一只母雞，因?yàn)樗刻於枷乱粋€(gè)蛋。lay“下蛋”，符合語境?！敬鸢浮緽.Jim is an honest boy.He never tells and you can trust him.A.words B.liesC.truth D.stories【解析】考查名詞。句意:吉姆是個(gè)誠實(shí)的男

17、孩。他從不說謊，你可以相信他。lie“謊言”，符合語境。【答案】B考點(diǎn)2trouble的用法【教材原句】Its sad that many people dont want to help others because they dont want any trouble,“ says onepassenger.一位乘客說:“令人悲傷的是,很多人不想幫助他人，因?yàn)樗麄儾幌肴锹闊?。?（P3）意為”問題:苦惱;困境”-have trouble (in) doing sth/做某事有困港-be in trouble 身處困境”作名詞)be out of troubie “擺脫困境”-get int

18、o trouble 陷入困境”-have trouble with “在某方面有麻煩難”作動(dòng)詞意為”（使）煩惱;麻煩；勞心”等troubled） do stfv、費(fèi)心做某事”作動(dòng)詞-trouble sb. with sth. “麻煩某人某事例如：Dont trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.麻煩不找你，就不要找麻煩。活學(xué)活用（2021 四川瀘州）A group of elephants in Yunnan Province have trouble a proper living place.Weshould help them.A.find

19、B.found C.to find D.finding【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:一群大象在云南省尋找一個(gè)合適的棲息地時(shí)遇到了困難。我們應(yīng)該幫助它們。have trouble （in） doing sth.為固定搭配，意為“做某事有困難為【答案】D考點(diǎn)3hit的用法【教材原句】Bus No.26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road.26 路公交車在中華路上撞到 了一位老人。（P3）意為“擊;打”常見用法:hitsb.on/i身體部1位+with處”用某物打某人身體某部位”意為“使（身體部位）碰上（某物）”常見用法： hit+身體部位+on/毛ainst處.“身體某

20、部位碰 到或撞到某物上”意為“使突然想起“常用句型：It hit sb. that.“某人突然想起ZB識(shí)到0意為“（風(fēng)暴,疾病等）襲擊;危害;產(chǎn)生不良影響，作名詞卜意為“擊;打;擊中：受歡迎的人或事物”妙辨異同到卒析 beat,knock 和 hit（l）beat強(qiáng)調(diào)連續(xù)或反復(fù)地打或拍，因此像心臟跳動(dòng)、打鼓、打拍子等之類具有連續(xù)性或反復(fù)性的動(dòng)作, 一般要用bcato此外，它還有“毆打;打敗”之意。妙辨異同(2)knock意為“敲;打;撞擊“，一般指敲打并伴有響聲，常與at/on連用。(3)hit意為“打中;對準(zhǔn)打”，表示有意或無意地打或撞等，往往含有重重一擊或用力敲打之意?；顚W(xué)活用.Mary

21、was so angry with her brother that she hit himthe head with a book.A.inB.on C.to D.by【解析】考查介詞。句意:瑪麗對弟弟很生氣，所以用書打門也的頭?！癶itsb.in/on+身體部位”為固定搭配, 意為“打某人身體某部位表示“打某人的頭”應(yīng)用介詞on?！敬鸢浮緽. All of a sudden it Peter that he had forgotten his friends birthday.A.knocked B.happenedC.beat D.hit【解析】考杳動(dòng)詞。句意:彼得突然意識(shí)到他忘了他朋友

22、的生日?！癐t hit sb.+that從句”表示“某人突然想起/意識(shí)到”,符合語境?！敬鸢浮緿 考點(diǎn)4mean的用法 【教材原句】This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of.它的意思是“處于一個(gè)你似乎無法擺脫的困境之中(P6)(means作名詞.意為方法;手段”，mean doi ng sth.意為“意味 著做某事二主語通常是事物(means作名詞.意為方法;手段”，mean doi ng sth.意為“意味 著做某事二主語通常是事物meaning作名詞，意為”意、思含義mean t

23、o do sth.意為“計(jì)劃 打 算做某事”，主語通常是人meanmeaningful作形容詞.意為、 :有意義的:意味深長的”,后接名詞或副詞.意為,表 :示;打算;存心”后接that從句,意為“意 味著拓展延伸mean除了可以作動(dòng)詞外，還可以作形容詞，意為“吝嗇的;刻薄的”。例如: He is very mean and never helps others.他很刻薄，從不幫助別人?；顚W(xué)活用.-Jenny looks so sad.Whats wrong?-We had a fight just now,but I didnt mean her.A.to hurt B.hurt C.hur

24、tingD.hurts【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:珍妮看上去很傷心,發(fā)生了什么?一我們剛剛打了一架，但是我不 是故意傷害她的。mean to do sth.“故意做某事”，符合語境?！敬鸢浮緼.一It is really a waste of time to play computer games.一Exactly!As a student,we have more things to do.A.careful B.successfulC.meaningful D.peaceful【解析】考查形容詞。句意:玩電腦游戲真是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。說得對!作為名學(xué)生,我們有更有意 義的事要做。根據(jù)前者的話可知

25、，玩電腦游戲浪費(fèi)時(shí)間,因此我們要做有意義的事。meaningful ”有意義的二 符合語境?！敬鸢浮緾考點(diǎn)5give up的用法【教材原句】Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.阿倫在刃5次事故之后沒 有放棄，現(xiàn)在仍繼續(xù)爬山。(P7)give up是動(dòng)副短語，意為“放棄;戒除二其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞作賓語，若后接人稱代詞作賓語, 代詞應(yīng)位于0丫9租UR之間。例如：Once you get into the habit of smokin&yoWH find it hard

26、to give it up.一旦養(yǎng)成了抽煙的習(xí)慣,你會(huì)發(fā) 現(xiàn)很難戒掉它。You mustnt give up studying foreign languages fbr even a day.你們學(xué)習(xí)外語一天也不要中斷。拓展延伸give短語小結(jié)give out分發(fā)澈發(fā)give away贈(zèng)送;捐贈(zèng);泄露give in屈服;讓步give back (歸)還;回報(bào);使恢復(fù)活學(xué)活用（2021 湖南益陽改編）My father always tells me never to when I am in trouble.A.give upB.put onC.help outD.throw away【解析

27、】考杳動(dòng)詞短語。句意:我父親總是告訴我,遇到困難時(shí)永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄。give up“放棄”，符合語境。 put on“穿上”;help out”幫助擺脫困境”;throw away”扔掉;拋棄【答案】A考點(diǎn)6raise和rise的用法【教材原句】For example,we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如,我們可以安排探望醫(yī)院里生病的孩子或者為那些無家可歸的人籌錢。（P12）the sun rises raise ones hand太陽升起舉手H

28、e raised a hand in greeting.他舉起手打招呼。They did many things to raise the living standard.他們做了很多事情來提高生活水平。The old woman raises 20 chickens for eggs.這位老婦人飼養(yǎng)了 20 只雞來下蛋。2.rise意為“升起；增加;提高“，為不及物動(dòng)詞，后面不能直接接賓語;rise也可以用作名詞，意為“增加;提高“。 例如：Smoke was rising from the chimney.煙從煙囪里往上升。The sun rises from the east.太陽從東邊

29、升起。There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work.失業(yè)人數(shù)急劇增加。活學(xué)活用.As soon as books ,the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.A.are raised B.were raisedC.raised D.have raised【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:書一籌集好,志愿者就把它們寄給希望小學(xué)的學(xué)生了。由主句的 時(shí)態(tài)可知,從句用一般過去時(shí);又因book和raise之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以此處應(yīng)用

30、般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！敬鸢浮緽.一The price of vegetables so quickly these days.一I cant agree more.A.affbrdsB.risesC.pays D.raises【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意:蔬菜的價(jià)格最近上漲得太快了。我非常贊同。根據(jù)語境可知,此處指 蔬菜價(jià)格上漲，應(yīng)用不及物動(dòng)詞rise?！敬鸢浮緽 考點(diǎn)7 imagine的用法【教材原句】Or imagine you cant walk or use your hands easily.或者想象一下你不能走路或者輕松用手的樣子。(P14)1.imagine作動(dòng)詞，意為“想象;設(shè)想常見

31、用法:imagine doing sth.“想象做某事:imagine sb.to be.“想象某人是人是”:imagine+that從句想象例如:She imagined walking into the office and handing in her resignation.她想象著自己走進(jìn)辦公室，遞上辭呈。2.1 imagine表示“我認(rèn)為，后跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)，若從句為否定,通常將其否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上。此外 在簡略說法中，可用so或not代替that從句。例如：Will he come?他會(huì)來嗎？ I imagine so.我想會(huì)來?；顚W(xué)活用.When I was a chi

32、ld, I always imagined myself a reporter in the future.A.to beingB.to beC.bcD.been【解析】考杳非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，我總是想象自己將來會(huì)成為一名記者。imagine sb.to be為固定搭配，意為“想象某人是【答案】B.We depend on the Internet so much now and its hard to imagine a life without it.A.live B.lived C.to live D.living【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:我們現(xiàn)在如此依賴互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，

33、很難想象沒有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的生活。imagine doing sth.為固定搭配，意為“想象做某事【答案】D重點(diǎn)句型考點(diǎn) 8Whafs the matter?怎么了？I have a cold.我感冒了。( Pl)l.Whafs the matter?”可用于詢問對方有什么問題或不順心的事，也可詢問某物出了什么故障，后面可接 with sb./sth”表示“某人/某物怎么了”。(Whats wrong with 史分m/hats up with sb.? (Whats wrong with 史分m/hats up with sb.? -點(diǎn)多子(what the problem with sb.?卜Wh

34、at happened to sb.?)-(Whats the matter with sb.?) 他Vhats the trouble with sb.力2.“have+a/an+表示病的名詞”，意為“得病”。She had a fever and a headache last week.上周她發(fā)燒且頭痛?；顚W(xué)活用.Hi,Mike.?Its Coco,my dog.Its leg is hurt.A.How are youB.Whats the matterC.Are you OKD.Whos speaking【解析】考查交際用語。句意:嗨，邁克。怎么了?是我的狗狗，可可。它的腿受傷了。根據(jù)語境 可知，前者是問邁克出什么事?！敬鸢浮緽.You dont look