名詞性從句講解講稿

1、關(guān)于名詞性從句講解課件第一張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月nounadj. / adv.infinitiveV-ing V-edetc.主語謂語賓語賓語賓補表語賓語(間)賓語(直)VtV-lViNoun / PronounThe + adjV-ing / ClauseInfinitiveNoun / Pronoun / The + adjV-ing / Clause / Infinitive英語句子基本成分示意圖be / feel / seem / lookappear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remai

2、n/ keeptaste / smell etc. nounpronounadj. / adv.infinitiveV-ing / V-edclauseetc.第二張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月主語 不及物動詞She came/ My head aches.主語 及物動詞 賓語She likes English.主語 系動詞 主語補語(表語）She is happy主語 雙賓動詞 間接賓語 直接賓語She gave John a bookShe bought me a book.主語 賓補動詞 賓語 賓語補語She makes her mother angryThe teacher

3、 asked me to read the passage.There +beThere is a book on the desk.簡單句基本句型實例第三張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月簡單句的基本詞序主語動詞部分賓語 狀語（謂語） 方式地點時間Iboughta hat yesterday.The children ran home.We ate our meal in silence.The car stopped suddenly.第四張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Point out the function of each noun in the followin

4、g sentences: 1.The world loves nature. 2.Knowledge is power .3.We Chinese are peace-loving.subjectsubjectappositionpredicative第五張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 名詞性從句 noun clause 主語從句subject clause 賓語從句object clause 表語從句predicative clause 同位語從句appositive clause第六張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月What are noun clauses? His

5、story is interesting. What he said is interesting. I heard his story. I heard what he said. I listen to his story. I listen to what he said. This is his story. This is what he said. The idea of going there is good. The idea that we go there is good.Subject clauseObject clauseObject clause after a pr

6、epositionPredictive clauseAppositive clause第七張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Practice time：指出下列各名詞性從句的種類At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.2. She wondered if the buses would still be running.3. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus t

7、o run that far.4. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man ina dark coat.5. When we will start is not clear.6. I had no idea that you were her friend.Object clauseObject clausePredicative clauseObject clauseSubject clauseAppositive clause第八張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月名詞性從句中的連接詞有:連詞: that / wheth

8、er / as if(though);連接代詞: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，連接副詞: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。 第九張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月引導(dǎo)詞句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.They are good doctors. He told us. 2. He hadnt said anything at the meeting. The fact surprised us.He told us that they

9、 were good doctors.The fact that he hadnt said anything at the meeting surprised us.總結(jié)：當(dāng)從句原來是陳述句時，變成名詞性從句用that引導(dǎo)。第十張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3.Does your sister get up early? Do you know? 4.Do animals have the same senses as humans? I often wonder. Do you know if/ whether your sister gets up early?I often

10、 wonder if/ whether animals have the same senses as humans.總結(jié)：當(dāng)從句原來是一般疑問句時，變成名詞性從句用if或whether引導(dǎo)。第十一張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5.When did he buy this new bike? Could you tell me? 6.My question is this: where will the lecture be given? Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?My question is where the

11、lecture will be given.總結(jié)：當(dāng)從句原來是特殊疑問句時，變成名詞性從句還用原來的特殊疑問詞來引導(dǎo)。第十二張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月總結(jié)：名詞性從句必須用陳述句語序。另外，一般情況下，名詞性從句均看作單數(shù)概念。由what引導(dǎo)的一般看后面的表語。賓語從句的時態(tài)一般與主句保持一致。1.What we need is more time.2.What we need are more English dictionaries.第十三張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Practice time.單句改錯1.That the earth turns around

12、 the sun are known to all.2.When the meeting will be held havent been known yet.3.I didnt know that you will come.4.He said that he is writing a story.5.Could you tell me when will he arrive?6.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules._ is_ hasnt_would_was_ he will_ English has第十

13、四張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Object Clauses 賓語從句第十五張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 I know him . 2. I know who he is . 主語謂語賓語（簡單句）主語謂語賓 語 從 句連詞從句主語 從句謂語 主 句（復(fù)合句）第十六張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一、連詞（引導(dǎo)詞） 1. 當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞由that引導(dǎo)，因為that在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，因此在口語或非正式文體中常省略Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even bett

14、er. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.第十七張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2.賓語從句中的連接詞that在以下三種情況下不能省略：（1）當(dāng)that 從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語時，第二個that不能省；（2）當(dāng)that作介詞賓語時，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式賓語的賓語從句Everyone knew what happened and that she

15、was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.第十八張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. 當(dāng)賓語從句是一般疑問句時，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)（口語中常用if），因為if/whether翻譯成：“是否”，具有一定的意義，所以不能省略Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .Lets see

16、 if /whether we can find out some information about that city .She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .第十九張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月whether與if的辨用表“是否”時，在下列情況下用whether。a. 主語從句b. 表語從句c. 同位語從句e. 介詞后的賓語從句f.后接動詞不定式 (whether to do sth.) g .whether or not 連在一起引導(dǎo)賓語從句時不用if第二十張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1)

17、.whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句 a.當(dāng)whether后緊跟or not時,不用if. eg: I dont know whether or not I will stay.b.介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if. eg: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.2.注意 whether和if的使用區(qū)別第二十一張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Practice timeif / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont

18、 know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.8. I dont know _ to go. if / whetherwhetherwhether whetherwhether第二十二張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. 當(dāng)賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，由連接代詞（what, who, whom, which, whose）或連接副詞（when, where, how, why）引導(dǎo)，因為連接代詞或連接副詞在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略Do you know what he said j

19、ust now ? I dont remember when we arrived . I asked him where I could get so much money . Please tell me who (whom) we have to see . Do you know what time the plane leaves ?第二十三張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 帶how的詞組也都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a holiday ?Could you tell us how long

20、the meeting will last ?I dont know how far it is to the cinema .Please tell us how many students there are in your school ?Can you tell us how old his brother is ?Please tell us how soon you will be ready .Could you tell us how much it costs to fly to Hainan ?第二十四張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二、時態(tài)1. 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的

21、時態(tài) （包括一般現(xiàn)在時 ， 現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時），從句的時態(tài)可根 據(jù)實際情況而定，（包括一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過 去時，一般將來時，現(xiàn)在完成時等）I know he lives here .I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow .第二十五張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2.如果主句是過去的時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時），那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時， 過去完成時）I knew who lived here. I

22、saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .第二十六張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3.當(dāng)從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理 時用一般現(xiàn)在時。The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth .第二十七張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)The h

23、eadmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) will be goes were playing have returned had been 第二十八張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6. I didnt know what t

24、ime he _ the letter. (write)7. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)8. Ling Feng told me he _ to the Great Wall several times. (be) wrote has taken had been 第二十九張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、語序賓語從句的語序用陳述語序：連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分第三十張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. When will he go to the library? His brother

25、asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library . 2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy . 第三十一張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1could / would是委婉語氣，而不是過去式，因此賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)實際情況用不同時態(tài)。注意事項Could you please tell me where

26、we show our tickets ?Could you tell us which gate we have to go to ?Would you like to know when he will come back ?第三十二張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. 如果主句的謂語動詞是ask時，連詞不可能是that；如果主句的謂語動詞是say時，連詞用thatShe says (that) she will leave a message on his desk .He said (that) he was going to take care of the child .

27、He asks if I like playing the piano .You may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus station .第三十三張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. 否定的轉(zhuǎn)移:若主語謂語動詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等,其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義,一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上,從句謂語用肯定式。 I dont think this dress fits you well. (我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。)

28、第三十四張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. it?？梢苑旁趧釉~think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作為形式賓語:it不僅可以作為形式主語，還可以作為形式賓語而真正的賓語-that從句則放在句尾,特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中。 We heard it that she would get married next month.第三十五張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whe

29、ther2.We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. thatDABC第三十六張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5. Could

30、you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station6. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like7. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrive

31、d C. who she was waiting D. where did you liveCBD第三十七張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 9. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away fr

32、om China D. have you been a member of Greener China10. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go BCD第三十八張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Predicative Clauses 表語從句第三十九張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句, 放在系動詞之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+系動

33、詞+表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的系動詞有be, look, remain, seem等。另外,常用的還有the reason why is that 和It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：第四十張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月. 表語從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)表語成分，一般放在連系動詞之后. 作用:對主語進行解釋說明。連接詞：that / whether /as if /as though（ if 不 引導(dǎo) 表語從句)連接代詞：who / whom / whose / which / what 連接副詞：when / where / why / how / because The q

34、uestion is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that time . He looked as if he was going to cry .Thats why I was late .第四十一張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注 意：在表語從句中，表“是否” 時，只能用 “whether”不能用“If”。一般情況下，“that”不能省。 It is /was because . It is /was why. 3. The reason (why/for)is /wa

35、s that.4 The reason is because /whythat .第四十二張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注意表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞與主語從句和賓語從句相同. 但: 1. that引導(dǎo)表語從句時不能省. 2. if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句. 第四十三張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. Thats _ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that 2. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C.

36、that D. Whether3 .That is _ they separated. A. that B. what C. which D. where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. when 第四十四張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Subject Clauses 主語從句第四十五張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. 主語從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)主語成分1). That he will succeed is certain .2) Whether he wil

37、l go there is not known .3) What he said is not true .4) Where he hid the money is to be found out .5) Whoever comes is welcome.6) Its certain that he will succeed .7) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 8)When theyll start the project has not been decided yet.第四十六張，PPT共七十七頁，

38、創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 考點一:主語從句后置! 為了避免主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語. 例:That we shall be late is certain.- Its certain that we shall be late.1. That the earth is round is known to all.- 2. That you missed the chance is a pity.- 由連詞 whether , 連接代詞 what,who,which 和連接副詞 when,where,why,how 等引導(dǎo).也 常常后置:It is

39、a pity that you missed the chance.Its known to all that the earth is round.第四十七張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月It 的用法： （形式主語） It possible/important/necessary/clear that很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚 Its said/ reported that.據(jù)說/據(jù)報道 Its been announced/declared that.已經(jīng)通知/宣布 It seems/appears/happens. that顯然、明顯、 碰巧. Its no wonde

40、r that并不奇怪/無疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (眾所周知） / a common saying.（俗話說）第四十八張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月考點二注意：主語從句中 ，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)What引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可根據(jù)表語決定What he needs _is_ that book.What he needs _are_ some book.第四十九張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分,如主語,賓語,表語,而that則不然,它在句子中只起連接作用。例如：(1) What y

41、ou said yesterday is right.(2) That she is still alive is a puzzle.What 與 that 引導(dǎo)主語從句 第五十張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月由 that 引導(dǎo):1. That we shall be late is certain.2. _ is known to all. (地球是圓的)3. _ is a pity. (你錯過了這次機會) that 無意義, 后接一個完整的句子. that 不可省That the earth is roundThat you missed the chance第五十一張，PPT共

42、七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注 意：What you left are only several old books.What you said is of great importance.What he says and does doesnt concern me.What he says and does dont agree.“if” 不能引導(dǎo)主語從句，應(yīng)有“whether”引導(dǎo)。主語從句的 “that” 一般不能省?！皐hat”引導(dǎo)主語從句時，謂語動詞： 1）常與其后的名詞作表語一致 2）根據(jù)句子的語境而定。第五十二張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月_ he made a

43、n important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where 3._ is known to us all is that America is a developed country_the First World.Which; belong to b. As, belonged to c. What; belonging to d. It;

44、 belonging to第五十三張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. Its known to us all _ a form of energy . A. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that C. what D. when6.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D hav

45、e第五十四張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Appositive Clauses 同位語從句第五十五張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月同位語從句在句中充當(dāng)同位語從句成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名詞（ idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ； problem ；news 等）后面，對名詞作進一步解釋說明. n.+ 連接詞 + 從句同位語從句常用 that 引導(dǎo)或用連接副詞when / where/why / how / whether 1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises ma

46、ny people .2).Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.第五十六張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注: 1. 同 位語從句多用that 引導(dǎo)2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引導(dǎo)同位語從句. I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.第五十七張，PPT共七

47、十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月I have no idea when he will be back.how he can get the treasure.where the concert will be hold.who can finish the work.why it happened.which pen is mine.what we should do next.whom they are talking about.whether itll rain tomorrow.that our football team won the game. 第五十八張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于

48、2022年6月1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night._ The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._We hea

49、rd the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.第五十九張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.3

50、.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view._Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online._There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible._The suggestion that Chinese students should be given m

51、ore free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.第六十張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月名詞demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等詞后的同位語從句的語氣要用虛擬語氣,結(jié)構(gòu)為 should + do, should 可省略 He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.第六十一張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月I have heard the news that he visited our f

52、actory .I have heard the news that he told you the other day .同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：1 同位語從句that 只起連接作用，不作任何成分 定語從句 that 是關(guān)系代詞，起連接作用和充 當(dāng)賓語和主語2同位語從句同位語從句和前面的名詞是同位關(guān)系，對名詞進行補充說明 定語從句 定從和前面的名詞是所屬關(guān)系，對名詞進行修飾，加以限定3同位語從句that 不能省 定語從句 that 在從句中作賓語時，可以省第六十二張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Practice :判斷下列各句是同位語從句還是定語從句1.They express

53、ed the hope that they would come to visit China again.2. The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visit China again. 3.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all. 4. I cant stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly. 同位語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句第六十三張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.We ex

54、pressed the hope that they had expressed2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.Attributive or Appositive A

55、TAPAPAT第六十四張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. _made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities . A What / because B What / that C That / what D That / because2._she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons . A What / why B Th

56、at / what C What / because D Why / that BAB3. He is absent from school . It is _ he is seriously ill. A. why B. because C. that D. the reason第六十五張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4 _has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising . A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever 5. Information has been put forward _ m

57、ore middle school graduates will be admitted into universities . A that B how C where D what DA第六十六張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week . - Is that _you had a few days off ? A why B when C what D where 7 Are you still thinking about yesterdays game ?- Oh ,thats _. A wh

58、at makes me feel excited B whatever I feel excited about C how I feel about it D when I feel excited AA第六十七張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月._ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect . A What B That C This D Which 10. When you answer questions in a job interv

59、iew ,please remember the golden rule :Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants . A what B which C when D that 11. We made the suggestion that he _ his work . A continues B continue C continued D had continued BAB第六十八張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月12.There will be a special price for _ buys things in large nu

60、mber here.A. who B. whom C. whoever D. Whomever13. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game .why B. what C. who D. that (05)14.The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. (05) A. whichever B. however C. whatever D.whenever第六十九張，PPT共七十七頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月14.Many newspaper