2023學年江蘇省南京市江北新區(qū)中考英語最后一模試卷含答案解析

1、2023學年中考英語模擬測試卷請考生注意：1請用2B鉛筆將選擇題答案涂填在答題紙相應位置上，請用05毫米及以上黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將主觀題的答案寫在答題紙相應的答題區(qū)內(nèi)。寫在測試卷卷、草稿紙上均無效。2答題前，認真閱讀答題紙上的注意事項，按規(guī)定答題。. 單項選擇1、Hemingway (海明威) is one of the most famous writers with many wonderful works _ was born in America.AwhoBwhichCwhat2、_beautiful the East lake is! Last month, President

2、Xi showed Prime Minister Modi around the beautiful lake.AHow aBWhatCHowDWhat a3、（2017廣東28）Two months ago，China tested its _ aircraft carrier(航空母艦） built completely on its own.Aone Bfirst Cthe one Dthe first4、Everyone knows that the sun in the east.ArisesBfallsCstaysDlives5、一Jim, is physics difficult

3、 to learn?一Sure, but all subjects can be learned well hard work.Afor Bfrom Cwith Dthrough6、Don t you think _ _ necessary for friends to trust each other?Aone Bthat Cthose Dit7、Nowadays, more and more people have taken an interest _ watching The Voice of China _ Friday evening.Ain; inBat; onCin; on8、

4、Tom, will Jenny join us in the book sale tomorrow?Im afraid not. She herself badly while playing tennis.AhurtBis hurtingCwill hurtDhurts9、Do you know why the man was in prison?Yes. He _ robbing the bank.Awas accused ofBwas interested inCwas good at10、-Lisa, would you like to climb Yuelu Mountain wit

5、h me tomorrow?-Id love to, but I have the driving test tomorrow. Lets make it day.AotherBanotherCthe other. 完形填空11、Few people like changing their habits, good or bad. Whether it is smoking, drinking or over-eating, they 1 “enjoying” them to the end.On every packet of cigarettes(香煙), people are warne

6、d against the 2 of smoking: “Warning: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health”. 3 , millions of them start smoking or go on smoking. Why?Facts show that families and surroundings(環(huán)境) play a very important part in 4 smokers. All those smokers come from smoking families or have smoking 5 or rela

7、tives. Films and TV plays also play a part. People 6 their “heroes” on TV drinking alcohol(酒) or smoking cigarettes. “Heroes” seem to fear 7 , neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes. If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking, 8 should common people

8、 be afraid?The simple warning on the cigarette packet does not influence smokers habits. Even 9 warnings, like showing pictures of smokers who have died of cancer, dont seem to work.Knowing and believing seem to be two 10 things. If smoking is really as harmful as doctors say, it is time for smokers

9、 to think about it and try to give it up!1AstopBcontinueCfinishDavoid2AchancesBexcusesCcausesDdangers3AMoreoverBAlsoCHoweverDOtherwise4AinfluencingBexplainingCimprovingDdescribing5AparentsBunclesCbrothersDfriends6AhearBcatchCwatchDface7AsomethingBnothingCanythingDeverything8AwhatBhowCwhenDwhy9Astron

10、gerBworseClongerDharder10AsimilarBpleasantCdifferentDboring. 語法填空12、When you finish high school or university, is learning done? The answer is “no”. In many countries, people continue learning all their lives.1is lifelong(終身的) learning important? How can it help you?You go to school and learn. You s

11、tudy. You take tests.2learning doesnt only happen in school. Learning doesnt3when you graduate from high school or college. You are learning all the time. For example, learning can4when you go to a museum. It can5happen when you get a job. You learn when you6sports or when you take a trip.7is life!

12、We never stop learning. Every day you can improve yourself by learning something8.Lets look at one example of lifelong learning in Japan. In Japan, lifelong learning is very important. People in Japan like to try new learning activities. Music, calligraphy(書法) and foreign languages are some of their

13、9classes.When we graduate from school, we should10on learning. Make lifelong learning one of your goals!. 閱讀理解A13、The worlds oldest person, Ms. Baines, died. She celebrated her 115th birthday with congratulations from Barack Obama, President of the United States. Over her life she lived through the

14、terms of 21 US presidents. Gertrude Baines passed away peacefully in her sleep at the Western Convalescent Hospital in Los Angeles, where she had lived for her last ten years. Emma Camanag, the hospitals leader said she was a respectable lady. It is really an honor for the hospital to take care of h

15、er over the last 10 years and we will greatly miss her, It is just like we have lost a relative, said Emma. Ms. Baines, who was born in Shellman, Georgia, in 1894, had no living relatives. She grew up in the southern US during difficult times. During that time, African American people were required

16、to use separate, often poor, public services. She married young and later divorced(離婚)Her only child, a daughter, was born in 1909 and died of a terrible disease at the age of 18. Ms. Baines worked as a maid（女傭） in Ohio before moving to Los Angeles where she lived on her own until she was well over

17、100. She once told an interviewer, As to the secrets of long life, I do not have any disappointments in my own life. She gained some fame when she voted for Mr. Obama in the US presidential election, saying she supported him because hes for the colored people. It was only the second time in her life

18、 she had voted, the first time being for John F. Kennedy. Ms. Baines became the worlds oldest person in January. Japanese woman, Kama Chien, 114, has now taken over the title.1Ms, Baines voted for Mr. Obama because he_.Awas very popular in the hospitalBdid good things for African AmericansCdid even

19、better than John F. KennedyDcongratulated her on her birthday2It can be inferred(推斷) from the passage that_.AMs. Baines didnt like any presidents except Mr. Obama and John F. KennedyBMs. Baines daughter died many years before her husbandCJapanese woman Kama Chien is the second oldest in the world no

20、wDa positive attitude towards life is the main secret of .Ms. Baines long life3Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?AMs. Baines liked to live alone.BMs. Baines died in a hospital in Los Angeles.CMs. Baines and her husband had only one child.DMs. Baines used to serve others in

21、Ohio.4The passage is mainly about _.Ahow Ms, Baines lived for so longBwhy Ms. Baines voted for Mr. ObamaCthe worlds oldest person, Ms. BainesDMs. Baines and President Obama .B14、Many people like cooking but never have much time for it. Helen Frys new book Quick Cooking has been specially written for

22、 busy people. It has over 1,000 ways to cook dishes. The book is well written and the photographs and the drawings are clear. The book has a strong plastic cover. It is easy to find your way around it, too. And busy people, notice this! Mrs. Fry tells you how much time you need in order to get each

23、dish ready.Quick Cooking has four parts, one for each season. This helps you to use fresh fruit and vegetables when they are cheaper and, of course, better. There are a lot of exciting ideas from foreign countries, and most of the ways are not complicated(復雜的). You take something simple like a chick

24、en or some cheese, and make an unusual dish out of it. For example, there are no fewer than 40 ways for cooking eggs! The beginner will have to find out a lot of things for him to try many of the ways as soon as he reads them. For people with little spare time, Helen Frys Quick Cooking is of excelle

25、nt value.1The writer writes this short passage in order to _.Amake you like cookingBlet you know the book Quick CookingChelp you to cook eggsDteach you cooking2Helen Frys book is called Quick Cooking because _.Anone of the dishes are complicatedBthere are over l000 ways to cook dishes in itCit is wr

26、itten for people who dont have much timeDit tells you how to cook all kinds of food quickly3Busy people should pay more attention to the point that_.Ait is easy to find your way around the bookBhow long each dish takes to cookCthere are photographs and drawings in this bookDthe book has a strong cov

27、er4It is easy to find your way around it too. means _.Ait is easy to find things around the bookBit is easy to find things in the supermarket to prepare the food in the bookCit is easy to find the ways you want to cook dishes in the bookDit is easy to find the cover of the bookC15、English is the mos

28、t widely used language in the history of our planet. One in every seven human beings can speak it. More than half of the worlds books and three quarters of international mail are in English. Of all languages, English has the largest vocabulary perhaps as many as two million words.However, lets face

29、it: English is a crazy language. There is no egg in an eggplant, neither pine nor apple in a pineapple and no ham in a hamburger. Sweet-meats are candy, while sweetbreads, which arent sweet, are meat.We take English for granted. But when we explore its paradoxes (探討它的矛盾), we find that quicksand can

30、work slowly, boxing rings are square, public bathrooms have no baths in them.And why is it that a writer writes, but fingers dont fing, grocers dont groce, and hammers dont ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, shouldnt the plural of booth be beeth? One goose, two geese so one moose, two meese?How c

31、an a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next?English was invented by people, not computers, an

32、d it reflects (反映) the creativity of human beings. Thats why, when stars are out, they are visible (能看見的); but when the lights are out, they are invisible. And why, when I wind up my watch, I start it; but when I wind up this essay, I end it.1Through the many paradoxes in the English language, the w

33、riter wants to show that human beings are_.Aclever Bcrazy Cazy Ddull2According to the passage _.Apineapples are the apples on the pine treeBthere should be egg in an eggplantCsweet-meats and sweetbreads are differentDboxing rings should be round3Which of the following is the correct plural?ABeeth. B

34、Geese. CMeese. DTooth.4Which of the following includes two items which have the similar meaning?AA wise man and a wise guy.BOverlook and oversee.CQuite a lot and quite a few.DHot as hell and cold as hell.D16、We can express thoughts and feelings and send sounds and pictures on our smart phones today.

35、 We also communicate by using programs like Skype and Face Time. We cant send tastes, smells or touch, of course. But scientists in Britain are trying to develop a way for smart phones to do just that.Adrian David Cheok is a professor at City University in London. He wants people to experience commu

36、nication using all of their senses. He said In the real world, we can open up the glass, open the window. We can touch, we can taste, we can smell in the real world.To give users a sense of taste, researchers designed two electrodes (電極）that are placed on the tongue. A chemical process creates diffe

37、rent tastes through molecules (微粒)on the surface of the tongue. This chemical process sends electrical signals that convince the brain that a person is tasting something. They have already created sour, salty, sweet and bitter tastes.You put these two silver electrodes in your mouth, you put your to

38、ngue in between and then it stimulates electrically your tongue and you get a virtual taste perception in your brain.A device(設(shè)備）called Scentee permits users to have the sense of smell. Scentee plugs into a smart phone and can spray tiny clouds of fragrances, including flowers, fruits and coffee. Pr

39、ofessor Cheok says the person speaking can activate the device.Scentee holds a container with about 100 different smells. The container must be replaced when all the scents（pleasant smells) run out.1Where could the passage most probably be taken from?AA news story.BAn advertisement.CA science fictio

40、n.DA science magazine.2Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? a. Electrical signals are sent to brain. b. Two electrodes are placed on the tongue. c. The brain is convinced that a person is tasting something. d. Different tastes are created through molecules on the surfa

41、ce of the tongue.Aa-b-c-dBb-d-a-cCc-a-d-bDb-d-c-a3What will be most probably talked about in the next paragraph?AThe bright future of the smart phones.BHow the sense of touch will be achieved.CThe different attitudes towards the smart phones.DThe advantages of the smart phones with new functions.E17

42、、People have known since ancient times that aspirin（阿司匹林） reduces pain and lowers high body temperature. But that is not all the drug can do. In recent years, it has been used in other ways, too. Small amounts may help prevent a stroke or heart attack. One recent study showed that some people who to

43、ok two aspirin pills a day had lower rates of colorectal cancer. And, some researchers say aspirin may help patients with colon cancer live longer. So, how did aspirin become so important? The story begins with a willow（柳樹） 2, 000 years ago, the Greek doctor Hippocrates advised his patients to chew

44、on the bark and leaves of the willow. The tree contains a chemical called salicin. In the 1800s, researchers discovered how to make salicylic acid from the chemical. In 1897, a chemist named Felix Hoffmann at Friedrich Bayer and Company in Germany created acetyl salicylic acid. Later, it became the

45、active substance in a medicine that Bayer called aspirin. The a came from acetyl. The spir came from the spirea plant, which also produces salicin. And the in ? That is a common way to end medicine names. In 1982, a British scientist shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine in part for discovering how asp

46、irin works. Sir John Vane found that aspirin prevents the body from making the natural substances called prostaglandins. Prostaglandins have several effects on the body. Some cause pain and swelling（腫） Prostaglandins also make the heart, kidneys(腎) and blood vessels work well. So there is a problem.

47、 Aspirin works against all prostaglandins, good and bad. It can also harm the inside of the stomach, and sometimes it can cause bleeding. But a British study released in 2009 suggested that taking another drug with a small amount of aspirin may help reduce the risk of bleeding. If this proves true,

48、it would help thousands of people who are seeking to prevent life-threatening conditions.1The writer wrote this passage to_.Atell us the harm of aspirinBhelp us know aspirin betterCexplain why aspirin is usefulDprove that aspirin is a good medicine2What do we learn about aspirin from Paragraph 1?AIt

49、 is not used until recent years.BUsing it for a long time may lead to cancer.CIt is very dangerous if it is used in the wrong way,DIt has gained important new uses in recent years.3When was the acetyl salicylic acid created?Aabout 2,000 years ago. BIn the early 1800s.CIn the late 1800s DIn recent ye

50、ars4What is waiting to be solved according to the last paragraph?AThe bleeding caused by taking aspirin.BHow to reduce the risk of getting colorectal cancer.CHow to help patients with colon cancer live longerDThe problem of low body temperature caused by taking aspirinF18、 Perhaps no one knows the p

51、ower of imagination (想象) better than Chinese sci-fi (科幻小說) writer Liu Cixin. Until years ago, Liu worked full-time as a computerengineer. He only wrote science fiction after work. But it was during this time that Lius imagination took flight. He did what he might never have the chance to do in real

52、life-wander (漫步) in space, fight with aliens, and visit planets light-years away. But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadnt thought of becoming the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fictions highest prize, in 2015. Perhaps neither did he think that Barack Obama woul

53、d read his novel The Three-Body Problem, nor that in Washington DC, he would win the 2018 Arthur CClarke Award for Imagination in Service to Society. Its the first time a Chinese writer has ever won the award. In The Three-Body Problem, for example, Liu tells a tale of aliens coming to the Earth. And in The Wandering Earth. Liu shows us the day when our planet comes to an end and human