鐵路車輛中英文對(duì)照

1、機(jī)車locomotive機(jī)車種類typesoflocomotive蒸汽機(jī)車steamlocomotive內(nèi)燃機(jī)車；曾用名柴油機(jī)車diesellocomotive電力機(jī)車electriclocomotive燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)車gasturbinelocomotive動(dòng)車組motortrainunit；motortrainset動(dòng)車mototcar拖車trailer鐵路干線機(jī)車railwaytrunklinelocomotive工礦機(jī)車industrialandmininglocomotive客運(yùn)機(jī)車passengerlocomotive貨運(yùn)機(jī)車freightlocomotive；goodslocomoti

2、ve調(diào)車機(jī)車shuntinglocomotive；switcher小運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)車locomotivefordistricttransfer；transferlocomotivetrain路用機(jī)車locomotiveofservicetrain；servicelocomotives配屬機(jī)車allocatedlocomotive非配屬機(jī)車un-allocatedlocomotive支配機(jī)車disposallocomotive非支配機(jī)車un-disposallocomotive運(yùn)用機(jī)車locomotiveinoperation檢修機(jī)車locomotiveunderrepairing備用機(jī)車locomot

3、iveinreserve封存機(jī)車locomotivestoredup待修機(jī)車locomotivewaitingforrepair機(jī)車出租leasedlocomotive機(jī)車報(bào)廢locomotiveretirement機(jī)車儲(chǔ)備locomotivereservation；locomotivestorage機(jī)車整備locomotiveservicing；locomotiverunningpreparation機(jī)車整備能力locomotiveservicecapacity機(jī)車技術(shù)規(guī)范locomotivetechnicalspecification轉(zhuǎn)向架中心bogiepivotcenter轉(zhuǎn)向架中心距離

4、distancebetweenbogiepivotcenters；bogiepivotpitch機(jī)車全軸距l(xiāng)ocomotivetotalwheelbase機(jī)車轉(zhuǎn)向架軸距l(xiāng)ocomotivewheelbaseofbogie機(jī)車固定軸距l(xiāng)ocomotiverigidwheelbase機(jī)車長(zhǎng)度locomotiveoveralllength機(jī)車寬度locomotivewidth機(jī)車高度locomotiveheight機(jī)車計(jì)算重量calcuatedweightoflocomotive機(jī)車整備重量locomotiveserviceweight機(jī)車重量locomotiveweight機(jī)車粘著重量locomo

5、tiveadhesiveweight軸重轉(zhuǎn)移；軸荷載轉(zhuǎn)移axleloadtransfer粘著重量利用系數(shù)adhesiveweightutilityfactor機(jī)車重量分配weightdistributionoflocomotive輪對(duì)橫動(dòng)量lateralplayofwheelset機(jī)車噪聲locomotivenoise熱值；發(fā)熱量heatvalue機(jī)車萬(wàn)噸公里能耗energyconsumptionper10；000t-kmoflocomotive機(jī)車用煤coalforlocomotive機(jī)車用柴油dieseloilforlocomotive機(jī)車用電electricityforlocomotiv

6、e機(jī)車用換算煤convertedcoalforlocomotive標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤standardcoal機(jī)車用潤(rùn)滑劑lubricantforlocomotive給水watersupply水鶴watercrane給水處理watersupplytreatment爐內(nèi)軟水watersoftenedinboiler爐外軟水watersoftenedoutofboiler軟水watersoftened凈水waterpurified機(jī)務(wù)段locomotivedepot機(jī)車運(yùn)用段locomotiverunningdepot機(jī)車檢修段locomotiverepairdepot機(jī)車折返段locomotiveturnar

7、ounddepot列車無(wú)線電調(diào)度系統(tǒng)trainradiodispatchingsystem機(jī)車監(jiān)控記錄裝置locomotivesuperviseandrecordapparatus機(jī)車故障locomotivefailure機(jī)車牽引特性locomotivetractivecharacteristic機(jī)車效率totallocomotiveefficiency機(jī)車輪周效率efficiencyoflocomotiveatwheelrim機(jī)車傳動(dòng)功率transmissionefficiencyoflocomotive機(jī)車牽引特性曲線locomotivetractivecharacteristiccurv

8、e機(jī)車輪周功率曲線locomotivepowercurveatwheelrim機(jī)車牽引力曲線locomotivetractiveeffortcurve機(jī)車預(yù)期牽引特性曲線predeterminedtractivecharacteristiccurveoflocomotive機(jī)車功率locomotivepower輪周功率outputpoweratwheelrim比功率power/weightratio比重量weight/powerratio單位體積功率specificvolumepower機(jī)車牽引|力locomotiveteractiveeffort輪周牽引力tractiveeffortatwh

9、eelrim車鉤牽引力tractiveeffortatcoupler；drawbarpull起動(dòng)牽引力stsrtingtractiveeffort粘著牽引力adhesivetractiveeffort持續(xù)牽引力continuoustractiveeffort基本阻力basicresistance運(yùn)行阻力runningresistance惰行阻力idleruningresistance；coastingresistance起動(dòng)阻力startingresistance附加阻力additionalresistance坡道阻力gradientresistance曲線阻力curveresistance空

10、氣阻力airresistance單位阻力unitresistance；specificresistance換算阻力；加算阻力convertedresistance速度控制系統(tǒng)speedcontrolsystem加速acceleration減速deceleration恒速constantspeed加速力accelerationforce減速力decelerationforce列車制動(dòng)trainbraking制動(dòng)方式brakemode空氣制動(dòng)airbrake真空制動(dòng)vacuumbrake動(dòng)力制動(dòng)dynamicbrake液力制動(dòng)hydraulicbrake電阻制動(dòng)rheostaticbrake再生制

11、動(dòng)regenerativebrake電空制動(dòng)electropneumaticbrake蓄能制動(dòng)energy-storingbrake渦流制動(dòng)eddycurrentbrake磁軌制動(dòng)electromagneticrailbrake踏面制動(dòng)treadbrake盤型制動(dòng)discbrake機(jī)車制動(dòng)周期locomotivebrakingperiod機(jī)車制動(dòng)距離locomotivebrakingdistance機(jī)車每軸閘瓦作用力brakeshoeforceperaxleoflocomotive制動(dòng)braking常用制動(dòng)servicebraking；serviceapplication最大常用制動(dòng)；常用全制

12、動(dòng)fullservivebraking；fullserviceapplication階段制動(dòng)graduatedapplication自然制動(dòng)unintendedbraking；undesiredbraking緊急制動(dòng)emergencybraking；emergencyapplication意外緊急制動(dòng)undesirableemergencybraking；UDE緩解release直接緩解；一次緩解directrelease階段緩解graduatedrelease自然緩解unintendedrelease；undesiredrelease漏泄leakage充風(fēng)；充氣charging階段提升gra

13、duatedincreasing保持位suppression；maintainingposition；holdingposition制動(dòng)管減壓量brakepipepressurereduction過(guò)量減壓overreduction局部減壓localreduction分段減壓splitreduction最大常用減壓fullservivereduction常用局減quickservice緊急局減quickaction前后風(fēng)壓差falsegradient歹U車管壓差trainpipepressuregradient保壓停車stoppingatmaintainingposition緩解停車stoppi

14、ngatrelease緩解波速releasepropagationrate制動(dòng)波速brakingpropagationrate機(jī)車制動(dòng)機(jī)locomotivebrakegear空氣壓縮機(jī)aircompressor調(diào)壓器pressureregulator給風(fēng)閥feedvalve減壓閥reducingvalve機(jī)車分配閥locomotivedistributingvalve切換閥transfervalve自動(dòng)制動(dòng)閥automaticbrakevalve單獨(dú)制動(dòng)閥independentbrakevalve濾塵止回閥strainercheckvalve機(jī)車緊急放風(fēng)閥locomotiveemergency

15、ventvalve高壓保安閥highpressuresafetyvalve低壓保安閥lowpressuresafetyvalve無(wú)載起動(dòng)電空閥no-loadstartingelectropneumaticvalve油水分離器oil-waterseparator總風(fēng)缸mainairreservoir空氣干燥器airdryer撒砂裝置sandingdevice砂箱sandbox撒砂閥sandingvalve撒砂器sandingsprayer緊急撒砂emergencysanding自動(dòng)撒砂automaticsanding間隙效應(yīng)slackactionL/V比值L/Vratio弓網(wǎng)關(guān)系pantogra

16、ph-contactlinerelation機(jī)車牽引區(qū)段locomotivetractivedistrict機(jī)車交路locomotiverouting單肩回交路single-armrouting雙肩回交路double-armrouting半循環(huán)交路semi-looprouting循環(huán)交路looprouting環(huán)形交路circularrouting短交路shortrouting長(zhǎng)交路longrouting直通交路throughrouting機(jī)車乘務(wù)制度locomotivecrewworkingsystem機(jī)車包乘制systemofassigningcrewtodesignatedlocomoti

17、ve機(jī)車輪乘制locomotivecrewpoolingsystem機(jī)車隨乘制locomotivecaboosecrewsystem機(jī)車乘務(wù)組locomotivecrew司機(jī)driver副司機(jī)assisantdriver指導(dǎo)司機(jī)driverinstructor司爐fireman機(jī)車運(yùn)用指標(biāo)indexoflocomotiveoperation機(jī)車出入段作業(yè)preparationoflocomotiveforleavingandarrivingatdepot機(jī)車全周轉(zhuǎn)completeturnroundoflocomotive機(jī)車在段停留時(shí)間detentiontimeoflocomotiveatde

18、pot機(jī)車全周轉(zhuǎn)距離diatanceofonecompleteturnroundoflocomotive機(jī)車全周轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間periodofonecompleteturnroundoflocomotive機(jī)車走行公里locomotiverunningkilometers換算走行公里convertedrunningkilometers沿線走行公里runningkilometersontheroad輔助走行公里auxiliaryrunningkilometers本務(wù)走行公里leadinglocomotiverunningkilometers單機(jī)走行公里lightlocomotiverunningkilo

19、meters重聯(lián)機(jī)車走行公里multi-locomotiverunningkilometers機(jī)車日車公里averagedailylocomotiverunningkilometers機(jī)車平均牽弓1總重averagegrossweighthauledbylocomotive機(jī)車日產(chǎn)量averagedailyoutputoflocomotive運(yùn)用機(jī)車臺(tái)數(shù)numberoflocomotiveinservice機(jī)車需要系數(shù)coefficientoflocomotivesrequirment單機(jī)運(yùn)行l(wèi)ightlocomotiverunning雙機(jī)牽引；雙機(jī)重聯(lián)牽引doublelocomotivetr

20、action多機(jī)牽引multi-locomotivetraction主機(jī)；本務(wù)機(jī)車leadinglocomotive機(jī)車超重牽引1tractionfortrainexceedmassnorm機(jī)車調(diào)度命令locomotivediapatchingorder機(jī)務(wù)段運(yùn)行揭示runningservice-bulletinofdepot司機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)保單driversservice-report；driverslog司機(jī)室driverscab司機(jī)操縱臺(tái)driversdesk司機(jī)模擬操縱裝置simulatorfordrivertrain-handling優(yōu)化操縱optimumhandling；optimumop

21、timumoperation機(jī)車自動(dòng)操縱automaticlocomotiveoperation機(jī)車保養(yǎng)locomotivemaintenance機(jī)車檢修locomotiveinspectionandrepair機(jī)車檢修修程classificationoflocomotiverepair機(jī)車大修locomotiveoverhaulrepair；locomotivegeneraloverhaul架修intermediaterepair定修periodicalrepair；lightrepair蒸汽機(jī)車洗修steamlocomotiveboilerwashoutrepair機(jī)車廠修locomotiverepairinworks機(jī)車段修locomotiverepairindepot日常檢查routineinspection機(jī)車臨修locomotivetemporaryrepair定期檢修r(nóng)epairbasedont