軟件設(shè)計師專業(yè)英語真題譯文及答案

1、04 上（66） data effectively is crucial for success in todays competitive environment. Managers must know how to use a variety of tools.Integrated data takes information from different sources and puts it together in a meaningful and useful way. One of the difficulties of this is the（67） inhardware and

2、 software （68） integration uses a base document that contains copies of otherobjects.（69）integration uses a base document that contains the current or most recent version ofthe source document it contains.（70）provides an overview of the program written in “plain” English , without the computersyntax

3、.（66）A. GeneralizingB. SharingC. General-usingD.Globalizing（67）A. similarityB. interoperabilityC. diversityD.interaction（68）A. SimulatedB. DuplicatedC.DynamicD.Static（69）A. LinkedB. pointedC.DynamicD.Static（70）A.High-level languageB.Decision treeC.PseudocodeD.Flowchart參考譯文他主題的基礎(chǔ)文檔，動態(tài)集成使用它所包含的源文檔的當(dāng)前或

4、最近的版本。偽代碼通過使用簡單易懂的，不帶有計算機語法的英語，為程序提供了一個概貌。參考答案（66）B （67）C （68）D （69）C （70）C04 下Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the physical layer, networks can be connected by （66） or hubs,which just move the bits from one network to an identical network.One layer up we find bridges and swit

5、chewhich operate at data link layer.They can accep（6, examine the MAC address,and forward the frames to a different network while doing minorprotocol translation in the process. In the network layer,we have routers that can connect twonetworks.If two networks have（68）network layer,the router may be

6、able to translate betweenthe packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway, which can interface between two transport connections. Finally,in the application layer,application gateways translate message（69）.As an example,gateways between Internet e-mail and X.400 e-mail must（70）th

7、e e-mailmessage and change various header fields.（66）A.reapersB.relaysC.connectorsD.modems（67）A.framesB.packetsC.packagesD.cells（68）A.specialB.dependentC.similarD.dissimilar（69）A.syntaxB.semanticsC.languageD.format（70）A.analyzeB.parseC.deleteD.create參考譯文 交換 幀，檢查MAC 地址，并可以實現(xiàn)少量的協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換，把數(shù)據(jù)幀轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到不同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)路

8、由行轉(zhuǎn)換。在傳輸層，我們使用傳輸風(fēng)頭，它可以在兩個傳輸連接之間建立接口。最后，在應(yīng)用層，應(yīng)用網(wǎng)關(guān)實現(xiàn)消息語法之間的翻譯。例如，在Internet 郵件和X.400 郵件之間的網(wǎng)關(guān)可以對郵件報文進行語法分析，對報文的各個報頭字段做出改變。參考答案（66）A （67）A （68）D （69）A （70）B05 上DOM is a platform-and language-（66） API that allows programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of WWW

9、 documents（currently, definitions forHTMLand XML documents are part of the specification）. The document can be further processedand the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented（67）. DOM is a（68）-based API to documents,which requires the whole document to be represented

10、in（69）while processing it.A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX,which can be used to process very large （70） documents that do not fit info the memory available for processing.（66）AspecificBneutralCcontainedDrelated（67）AtextBimageCpageDgraphic（68）AtableBtreeCcontrolDevent（69）AdocumentB

11、processorCdiscDmemory（70）AXMLBHTMLCscriptDweb參考譯文DOM APWWW 文檔的風(fēng)格（目前，HTML XML 文檔是通過說明部分定義的。文檔可以進一步被處理，處理的結(jié)果可以加入到當(dāng)前的頁面。DOM 是一種基于樹的API 存儲API 是基于事SAXXML 參考答案（66）B （67）C （68）B （69）D （70）A05 下MIDI enables people to use （66） computers and electronic musical instruments. There are actually three components

12、to MIDI, the communications （67）, the Hardware Interface and adistribution（68）called Standard MIDI Files. In the context of the WWW, the most interestingcomponent is the （69） Format. In principle, MIDI files contain sequences of MIDI Protocol messages. However, when MIDI Protocol （70） are stored in

13、MIDI files, the events are also time-stamped for playback in the proper sequence. Music delivered by MIDI files is the mostcommon use of MIDI today.（66）A. personalB. electronicC. multimediaD. network（67）A. deviceB. protocolC. networkD. controller（68）A. formatB. textC. waveD. center（69）A. VideoB. Fax

14、mailC. GraphicD. Audio（70）A. messagesB. packetsC. frameD. information參考譯文MIDI 使得人們能夠使用多媒體計算機和電子樂器。實際上MIDI 3 種元素：通信協(xié)議、硬件接口和被稱為標準MIDI 文件的發(fā)布格式。在WWW 環(huán)境中，最重要的元素是音頻格式。在原理上，MIDI 文件包含了MIDI 協(xié)議報文序列。然而當(dāng)MIDI 協(xié)議報文被存儲在 MIDI 文件中時，事件都被加上了時間戳，以便于按照適當(dāng)?shù)捻樞蚧胤拧Ｓ蒑IDI 文件提供的音樂是MIDI當(dāng)前最通常的應(yīng)用。參考答案（66）C （67）B （68）A （69）D （70）A0

15、6 上Originally introduced by Netscape Communications,（66）are a general mechanism which HTTP Server side applications, such as CGI （67）, can use to both store and retrieve information on the HTTP （68）side of the connection. Basically, Cookies can be used to compensate for the（69）nature of HTTP. The ad

16、dition of a simple, persistent, client-side state significantly extends thecapabilities of WWW-based （70）.（66）ABrowsersBCookiesCConnectionsDScripts（67）AgraphicsBprocessesCscriptsDtexts（68）AClientBEditorCCreatorDServer（69）AfixedBflexibleCstableDstateless（70）AprogramsBapplicationsCframeworksDconstrain

17、s參考譯文Cookies 原來是由Netscape HTTP 服務(wù)器方應(yīng)用程序的一種通信機制，就像CGI 腳本一要產(chǎn)，它可以由HTTP 連接的客戶方用于存儲和檢索信息。Cookies 的基本功能是彌補HTTP 無狀態(tài)的缺陷。它能通過簡單而持續(xù)地維護客戶方的狀態(tài)來擴展基于WWW的應(yīng)用能力。參考答案（66）B （67）C （68）A （69）D （70）B06 下NACsNetwork Access Controrole is to restrict network access to only compliant endpoints and（66） usersHowever, NAC is no

18、t a complete LAN （67） solution; additional proactive and（68） security measures must be implementedNevis is the first and only comprehensive LANsecurity solution that combines deep security processing of every packet at 100Gbps, ensuring a high level of security plus application availability and perf

19、ormanceNevis integrates NAC as the first line of LAN security （69） In addition to NAC，enterprises need to implement role-basednetwork access control as well as critical proactive security measures-real-time, multilevel （70）inspection and microsecond threat containment（66）AautomatedBdistinguishedCaut

20、henticatedDdestructed（67）AcrisisBsecurityCfavorableDexcellent（68）AconstructiveBreductiveCreactiveDproductive（69）AdefenseBintrusionCinbreakDprotection（70）AportBconnectionCthreatDinsurance參考譯文網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問控制（NAC）的作用是限制對網(wǎng)絡(luò)的訪問，只允許注冊的終端和認證的用戶 NAC LAN 安全解決方案，另外還要實現(xiàn)主動的和被動的安全手段。Nevis 是第一個也是僅有的全面的LAN 安全解決方案，它以10Gbps

21、的速率對每的性能。Nevis 集成了NAC 作為LAN 的第一道安全防線。此外，企業(yè)還需要實現(xiàn)基于角色的網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問控制以及起關(guān)鍵作用的主動安全測試 -實時的多級安全威脅檢測和微妙級的安全動進行跟蹤，這些都是實時可見的，也是歷史可查的。參考答案（66）C （67）B （68）C （69）A （70）C 07 上（71） analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems. Ultimately, the sy

22、stem models become the（72） for designing and constructing an improved system. （73） is such a technique. The emphasis in this techniqueis process-centered. Systems analysts draw a series of process models called （74）. （75） is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into const

23、ructs called objects.（71）A. PrototypingB. AcceleratedC. Model-drivenD. Iterative（72）A. imageB. pictureC. layoutD. blueprint（73）A. Structured analysisB. Information EngineeringC. Discovery PrototypingD. Object-Oriented analysis（74）A. PERTB. DFDC. ERDD. UML（75）A. Structured analysisB. Information Engi

24、neeringC. Discovery PrototypingD. Object-Oriented analysis參考譯文模型驅(qū)動的分析方法強調(diào)通過繪制圖形化的系統(tǒng)模型來說明和驗證已有的或待開發(fā)的稱為 DFD。面向?qū)ο蠓治鍪橇硗庖环N模型驅(qū)動的分析方法，它將數(shù)據(jù)和過程統(tǒng)一到了一個被稱為“對象”的結(jié)構(gòu)中。參考答案（71）C （72）D （73）A （74）B （75）D07 下The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is a software engineering process, which captures many of best practices in

25、modern software development. The notions of（71） and scenarios have beenproven to be an excellent way to capture function requirements. RUP can be described in twodimensions-time and content. In the time dimension, the software lifecycle is broken into cycles.Each cycle is divided into four consecuti

26、ve （72） which is concluded with a well-defined（73） and can be further broken down into （74）-a complete development loop resulting in arelease of an executable product, a subset of the final product under development, which grows incrementally to become the final system. The content structure refers

27、to the disciplines, whichgroup （75） logically by nature.（71）A. artifactsB. use-casesC. actorsD. workers（72）A. orientationsB. viewsC. aspectsD. phases（73）A. milestoneB. end-markC. measureD. criteria（74）A. roundsB. loopsC. iterationsD. circularities（75）A. functionsB. workflowsC. actionsD. activities參考

28、譯文RUP（Rational Unified Process）是一種軟件工程過程產(chǎn)品，它吸取了現(xiàn)代軟件開發(fā)中許多成功的實踐。事實證明，采用用例（use-cases）和劇情（scenarios）捕獲目標系統(tǒng)的功能需求是一種較好的辦法?？梢圆捎枚S模型來描述RUP-時間和內(nèi)容。從時間維來看，軟件生存周期被劃分為不同的周期cycle。每個周期又被劃分為四個連續(xù)的階段phas，每個階段都包含一個妥善定義的里程碑mileston；每個階段還可以被進一步劃分為若干輪迭代（iteration。一次迭代是一次完整的開發(fā)過程，每次迭代結(jié)束時會發(fā)布一個可執(zhí)行的 的是一些將活動（activities）組織在一起的、

29、天然存在的規(guī)則。參考答案（71）B （72）D （73）A （74）C （75）DObject-oriented analysis (OOA) is a semiformal specification technique for the object-oriented paradigm.Object-oriented analysis consists of three steps. The first step is （71）. It determines how the various results are computed by the product and presents th

30、is information in the form of a（72） and associated scenarios. The second is （73）, which determines the classes and their attributes, then determines the interrelationships and interaction among the classes. The last step is（74）,which determines the actions performed by or to each class or subclass a

31、nd presents this information in the form of （75）.（71）A. use-case modelingB. class modelingC. dynamic modelingD. behavioral modeling（72）A. collaboration diagramB. sequence diagramC. use-case diagramD. activity diagram（73）A. use-case modelingB. class modelingC. dynamic modelingD. behavioral modeling（7

32、4）A. use-case modelingB. class modelingC. dynamic modelingD. behavioral modeling（75）A. activity diagramB. component diagramC. sequence diagramD. state diagram參考譯文面向?qū)ο蟮姆治觯∣OA）是一種面向?qū)ο蠓缎偷陌胄问交枋黾夹g(shù)。面向?qū)ο蟮姆治?3 1 2 和交互；第 3 步是動態(tài)建模，它決定了類或每個子類的行為，并以狀態(tài)圖的形式進行表示。參考答案（71）A （72）C （73）B （74）C （75）D08 下It should go w

33、ithout saying that the focus of UML is modeling. However, what that means, exactly,can be an open-ended question. （71） is a means to capture ideas, relationships, decisions, and requirements in a well-defined notation that can be applied to many different domains. Modeling not only means different t

34、hings to different people, but also it can use different pieces of UML depending on what you are trying to convey. In general, a UML model is made up of one or more（72）. A diagram graphically represents things, and the relationships between these things. These（73） can be representations of real-worl

35、d objects, pure software constructs, or a description of the behavior of some other objects. It is common for an individual thing to show up on multiple diagrams; each diagram represents a particular interest, or view, of the thing being modeled. UML2.0 divides diagrams into two categories: structur

36、al diagrams and behavioral diagrams.（74）areused to capture the physical organization of the things in your system, i.e., how one object relates to another. （75） focus on the behavior of elements in a system. For example, you can usebehavioral diagrams to capture requirements, operations, and interna

37、l state changes for elements.（71）A. ProgrammingB. AnalyzingC. DesigningD. Modeling（72）A. viewsB. diagramsC. user viewsD. structure pictures（73）A. thingsB. picturesC. languagesD. diagrams（74）A. Activity diagramsB. Use-case diagramsC. Structural diagramsD. Behavioral diagrams（75）A. Activity diagramsB.

38、 Use-case diagramsC. Structural diagramsD. Behavioral diagrams參考譯文UML 的核心關(guān)注內(nèi)容是建模。然而建模是一個開放性的問題。建模是采用合適并預(yù)先同的人有不同的含義，可以使用UML 中不同的部分來描述你所要涵蓋的內(nèi)容。一般來說，UML 模型是由一個或者多個diagram diagram 使用圖形化的方式描述了事物以及 常常會在多個diagarm diagram UML2.0 將 diagram diagram diagramdiagram 主要用于捕獲系統(tǒng)的物理組織結(jié)構(gòu)，如一個對象與其他對象的關(guān)系。行為diagram 則用于捕獲需

39、求、操作以及元素內(nèi)部狀態(tài)的變化。參考答案（71）D （72）B （73）A （74）C （75）D 09 上For nearly ten years, the Unified Modeling Language (UML) has been the industry standard for visualizing, specifying, constructing, and documenting the （71） of a software-intensive system. As the （72） standard modeling language, the UML facilitat

40、es communication and reduces confusion among project （73） The recent standardization of UML 2.0 has further extended the languages scope and viability. Its inherent expressiveness allows users to （74） everything from enterprise information systems and distributed Web-based applications to real-time

41、embedded systems.The UML is not limited to modeling software.In fact, it is expressive enough to model（75） systems, such as workflow in the legal system, the structure and behavior of a patienthealthcare system, software engineering in aircraft combat systems, and the designof hardware.To understand

42、 the UML, you need to form a conceptual model of the language, and this requires learning three major elements: the UMLs basic building blocks, the rules that dictate how those building blocks may be put together, and some common mechanisms that apply throughout theUML.（71）A. classesB. componentsC.

43、sequencesD. artifacts（72）A. realB. legalC. de factoD. illegal（73）A. investorsB. developersC. designersD. stakeholders（74）A. modelB. codeC. testD. modify（75）A.non-hardwareB. non-softwareC. hardwareD. software參考譯文近十年來，統(tǒng)一建模語言（UML）已經(jīng)成為工業(yè)標準，它可用來可視化、規(guī)范化說明、構(gòu)建以及文檔化軟件密集系統(tǒng)中的開發(fā)制品。作為事實上的工業(yè)標準，UML 能夠方便項目相關(guān)人員的溝通并減

44、少理解上的二義問題。UML2.0 標準擴寬了該語言的應(yīng)用范圍，它所具有的表達能力能夠讓用戶對企業(yè)信息系統(tǒng)、Web 系統(tǒng)和嵌入式實時系統(tǒng)進行建模。UML 不僅能夠?qū)浖到y(tǒng)進行建模，實際上，它具有足夠的能力去對法律系統(tǒng)中的工作流、病人監(jiān)護系統(tǒng)中的結(jié)構(gòu)和行為、飛行戰(zhàn)斗系統(tǒng)和硬件系統(tǒng)進行建模。為了理解UMLUML 的基本構(gòu)造塊，基本構(gòu)造塊的關(guān)系規(guī)則和應(yīng)用這些構(gòu)造塊與規(guī)則的通用機制。參考答案（71）D （72）C （73）D （74）A （75）B09 下Why is （71） fun? What delights may its practitiopect as his reward? First is the sheer joy of making things. As the child delights in his mud pie, so the adult enjoys building things, especially things of his own design. Second is the pleasure of making things