專利翻譯詞匯

1、精心整理要點常裝置:apparatus,(device,means,arrangement：:equipment件:component器件:device構件:means,member,element元件:element部件:part元:element,unit方法:method,process合物：composition分（化學域）：component擁有：(be)providedwith上，大概上：substantially：preferred,preferential所屬域的技人：thoseskilledintheart,thoseofordinaryskillintheart有技：pri

2、orart技中的己知方法：methodsknownintheart施例：embodiment鑒于：-based(比如：鑒于件的software-based)有：（be)equippedwith,或(be)providedwithapparatus(裝罝)device裝罝(件)?means?裝罝(構件)composition合物component分（化學域中使用）process方法method方法providedthatprovidedwith但是擁有isselectedfromthegroupconsistingof系由以下各物(或基)成的群中出；optionally需要；狀況可said；所述

3、element元；件；元素（化學）有關11中人民共和國國家知局19StateIntellectualPropertyOfficeofthePeoplesRepublicofChina用新式利明12SpecificationsofUtilityModelPatent精心整理精心整理21專利號21PatentNo.受權通告日45DateofAuthorizedAnnouncement:受權通告號11:AuthorizedAnnouncementNo.:申請日22Applicationdate:74專利代理機構74Patentagency21申請?zhí)?1ApplicationNo.代理人Agent:7

4、3專利權人73Patentee:72發(fā)明人72Designer:權益要求書1頁OnepageofClaims,說明書3頁ThreepagesofSpecifications（SpecificationsDescription）附圖1頁OnepageofDrawings適用新式名稱54NameofUtilityModel綱要57Abstract說明書Specifications權益要求書Claims技術領域FieldoftheInvention背景技術BackgroundoftheInvention發(fā)明內容DescriptionoftheInvention附圖說明BriefIntroductio

5、noftheDrawings詳細實行方式DetailedDescriptionofthePreferredEmbodiments說明書附圖Drawings在申請專利范圍中，常出現(xiàn)以下英文字，請注意其最常有之中譯法：精心整理精心整理means裝罝process方法method方法providedthat?其限制條件providedwith擁有isselectedfromthegroupconsistingof系由以下各物(或基)成之群中出；系自由以下各物(或基)成之群optionally需要；狀況可said，上述的composition合物element件（子）；元素（化學）complex合物(

6、生化)三、明常用字及例句1.遇有apparatus、device、means三字或此中任兩個字出在同一份明中，建其名分以下：(i)apparatus：裝置(ii)device：(iii)means：構件但若未出在同一份明中，均可成裝置2.etal.：等人翻meansforVing在means前面加適合之中修，免得同一份中文明中出多個“裝置”，不知終究指的是那一個。thisinvention,thesubjectinvention,theinstantinvention,thepresentinvention一律成本明substantially:前后文上、幾乎完好、相當、或大概上，比如:a.th

7、ebarrierlayercontainsamaterialthatissubstantiallyimpervioustolaserablation屏障包含之物大概上(or上)不會被雷射切除b.tablethasasubstantialsurfaceandasecondsubstantialsurface有一表面和第二表面preferred,preferential，可成佳，morepreferable成更佳，mostpreferable成最正確，itispreferredthat可成最好，preferably可成佳(地)thoseskilledintheart熟此技者methodsknown

8、intheart此技中已知之方法arewellknown已吾人所熟知10.theseinclude,butarenotlimitedto此等包含(但不限于)Alternativeembodiment代替(詳細)施例；另一施例alternatively或許；另一Aspect可成方面、點、特色、及，比如:inoneembodimentofthisaspect在此方面之一施例中inoneaspect方面inafurtheraspect另一方面instillafurtheraspect另一方面generalaspect通用精心整理精心整理請參照以下之譯法:itshouldbenoted請注意itist

9、obenoted應注意的是ithasbeenfoundthat已發(fā)現(xiàn)itisbelievedthat咸信helpto有助于itisexpected吾人預期itwillbeappreciated應認識itisunderstood自然itshouldbeunderstood請認識；應認識itisintended希望參照詞匯abandonmentofapatent放棄專利權abandonmentofapatentapplication放棄專利申請abridgment文摘abstract(綱要)abuseofpatent濫用專利權actionforinfringementofpatent專利侵權訴訟a

10、ctionofapatent專利訴訟addressforservice文件送到地點affidavit誓書allowance允許amendment改正annualfee年費annuity年費anticipation占先appeal上訴appellationoforigin原產地名稱applicantforpatent專利申請人applicationdate申請日期applicationdocuments申請案文件applicationfee申請費applicationforpatent申請(案)applicationlayingopenforpublicinspection公然供民眾審察的申請a

11、pplicationnumber申請?zhí)朼pplicationpapers申請案文件arbitration仲裁art技術articleofmanufacture制品assignee受讓人assignment轉讓assignor轉讓人authoroftheinvention發(fā)明人精心整理精心整理authorscertificate發(fā)明證人書basicpatent基本專利BerneConvention伯爾尼條約BerneUnion伯爾尼結盟bestmode最正確方式bibliographicdata著錄資料BIRPI保護知識產權結合國國際局boardofappeals申述委員會breachofcon

12、fidence泄密BudapestTreatyontheInternationalRecognitionoftheDepositofMicroorganismsforthePurposesofPatentProcedure國際認可用于專利程序的微生物保留布達佩斯條約burdenofproof舉證責任caselaw判例法caveat預告certificateofaddition補充證書certificateofcorrection改正證明書certificateofpatent專利證書certifiedcopy經(jīng)認證的副本ChemicalAbstracts化學文摘citation引證claim權

13、項classifier分類員coapplicants共同申請人coinventors共同發(fā)明人colorcoding色碼制commissioner專利局長CommunityPatentConvention共同體專利條約completeapplication完好的申請案completedescription完好的表達completespecification完好的說明書comptroller專利局長compulsorylicense強迫允許證conception觀點conceptiondate觀點日期confidentialapplication機密申請confidentialinformati

14、on保密情報conflictaward矛盾裁定conflictprocedure矛盾程序conflictingapplications矛盾申請案continuationapplication持續(xù)申請continuationinpartapplication部分持續(xù)申請案contractuallicense契約性允許證contributoryinfringement簡介入侵精心整理精心整理conventionapplication條約申請conventioncountry條約國conventiondate條約日期ConventionEstablishingtheWorldIntellectual

15、PropertyOrganization成立世界知識產權組織條約conventionperiod條約限時conventionpriority條約優(yōu)先權copyright版權correctionslip勘誤表counterpleadings反訴狀counterclaim反訴countrycode國家代號crosslicense交錯允許證data資料dataexchangeagreement資料互換協(xié)議dataofapplication申請日期dateofgrant授與日期dateofissue頒發(fā)日期dateofpatent專利日期dateofpublication宣布日期dedicationt

16、othepublic捐贈于民眾defendant被告人defenses辯白defensivepublication防衛(wèi)性通告deferredexamination延緩審察dependentclaim附屬權項dependentpatent附屬專利DerwentPublicationsLtd德溫特第一版有限企業(yè)designpatent外觀設計專利development發(fā)展disclaimer放棄權項disclosure公然division分案divisionalapplication分案申請dominationpatent支配專利drawing附圖durationofpatent專利有效期econ

17、omicpatent經(jīng)濟專利effectivefilingdate實質申請日期employeesinvention雇員發(fā)明EPO歐洲專利局EuropeanPatentOffice歐洲專利局ESARIPO英語非洲工業(yè)產權組織EuropeanPatentConvention歐洲專利條約精心整理精心整理evidence憑證examination審察examinationcountries審察制國家examinationfornovelty新奇性審察examiner審察員examinersreport審察員報告exclusivelicense獨占性允許證exclusiveright專有權experim

18、entaluse實驗性使用expiredpatent期滿專利exploitationofapatent實行專利expositionpriority展覽優(yōu)先權expropriation征用extensionoftermofapatent延伸專利限時fee花費FICPI國際工業(yè)產權律師結合會filecopy存檔原件filingdate申請日期filingfee申請費filingofanapplication提出申請finalaction終局決定書firsttofileprinciple先申請原則firsttoinventionprinciple先發(fā)明原則forcemajeure不行抗力foreig

19、npatentapplication外國專利申請formalexamination形式審察gazette公報GenevaTreatyontheInternationalRecordingofScientificDiscoveries對于科學發(fā)現(xiàn)國際注冊日內瓦合約graceperiod寬容期grantofapatent授與專利權holderofapatent專利擁有人ParisUnionCommitteeforInternationalCooperationinInformationRetriamongPatentOffices專利局間情報檢索國際合作巴黎結盟委員會IFIA國際發(fā)明人協(xié)會結合會I

20、nternationalFederationofInventorsAssociationIBB國際專利研究所InstitutInternationaldesBrevets國際專利研究所imitation仿制impeachment指控improvement改良improvementpatent改良專利independenceofpatents專利獨立國際發(fā)明人協(xié)會結合會精心整理精心整理indicationofsource產地標志indirectinfringement間接入侵industrialapplicability工業(yè)適用性industrialdesign工業(yè)品外觀設計industrial

21、property工業(yè)產權informationinthepublicdomain公然情報infringementofapatent入侵專利權infringementofatrademark入侵商標權INID著錄資料辨別碼ICIREPATNumbersfortheIdentificationofData著錄資料辨別碼INPADOC國際專利文件中心INSPEC國際物理學和工程情報服務部insufficientdisclosure公然不允分intellectualproperty知識產權interdependentpatents互相依存的專利interferenceprocedure反抗程序inte

22、rlocutoryinjunction中間嚴禁令interlocutoryorder中間命令InternationalConventionfortheProtectionofNewVarietiesofPlants保護植物新品種國際條約InternationalPatentClassificationAgreement國際專利分類協(xié)議InternationalPreliminaryExaminingAuthority國際初審單位internationalprotection國際保護InternationalSearchingAuthority國際檢索單位invalidation無效invent

23、ion發(fā)明inventivestep獨創(chuàng)性inventor發(fā)明人inventorscertificate發(fā)明證人書IPC國際專利分類InternationalPatentClassification國際專利分類issueofapatent頒發(fā)專利jointapplicants共同申請人jointinvention共同發(fā)明jointinventors共同發(fā)明人jointpatentees共同專利權人journal公報judgment裁決juniorparty后申請方knowhow技術竅門lapsedpatent已停止的專利lawsuitofapatent專利訴訟legalperson法人lege

24、nd說明精心整理精心整理LESInternational國際允許貿易履行人協(xié)會LicensingExecutivesSocietyInternational國際允許貿易履行人協(xié)會letterspatent專利證書license允許證licenseagreement允許證協(xié)議licenseofcourse自然允許證licensing允許證貿易licensor允許人LisbonAgreementfortheProtectionofAppellationsofOriginandtheirInternationalRegistration保護原產地名稱及國際注冊里斯本協(xié)議LocarnoAgreemen

25、tEstablishinganInternationalClassificationforIndustrialDesign成立工業(yè)品外觀設計國際分類洛迦諾協(xié)議lossofapatent專利權的喪失MadridAgreementConcerningtheInternationalRegistrationofMarks商標國際注冊馬德里協(xié)議MadridAgreementfortheRepressionofFalseorDeceptiveIndicationsofSourceonGoods遏止商品產地虛假或欺詐性標志馬德里協(xié)議mainpatent主專利maintenancefee保持費marking

26、標志memorandumofunderstanding體諒備忘錄method方法microforms微縮文件minimumdocumentation最少限度檢索文件minimumroyalties最低提成費misuseofpatent濫用專利權mixedlicense混淆允許證modellaws示范法mostfavouredprovision最惠條款nameofinvention發(fā)明名稱nationaltreatment公民待遇naturalperson自然人neighboringrights毗鄰權newvarietiesofplants植物新品種NiceAgreementConcerning

27、theInternationalClassificationofGoodsandServicesforthePurposesoftheRegistrationofMarks商標明冊用商品與服務國際分類尼斯協(xié)議nonexaminingcountries不審察制國家nonexclusivelicense非獨占性允許證nonobviousness非不言而喻性nonuseofapatent不實行專利notarypublic公正機關noticeofinfringement侵權通知novelty新奇性OAPI非洲知識產權組織精心整理精心整理objection異議officeaction專利局審察決定書op

28、position異議originality獨創(chuàng)性ownerofapatent專利全部人parentapplication原申請ParisConvention巴黎條約ParisUnion巴黎結盟patent專利patentact專利法patentagent專利代理人patentappliedfor已申請專利patentattorney專利律師patentclassification專利分類patentdocumentation專利文件patentdocuments專利文件patentfamilies同族專利patentforaninvention發(fā)明專利patentlaw專利法patentlic

29、ense專利允許證patentnumber專利號patentofaddition補充專利patentofconfirmation確認專利patentofimportation輸入專利patentofintroduction引進專利patentofridation再效專利patentoffice專利局patentpending專利未決patentright專利權patentrules專利實行細則patentsystem專利制度patentability專利性patentedinvention專利發(fā)明patentee專利權人patenting授與專利權PCT專利合作合約PCTUnion專利合作合約

30、pendingapplication未決申請periodofapatent專利有效期personskilledintheart所屬技術領域的專業(yè)人員petition懇求書pettypatent小專利plaintiff原告人plantpatent植物專利精心整理精心整理pleadings起訴狀precautionalpatent預告專利precedents判例prescription時效preventionofunfaircompetitionprincipalpatent主專利priorart先有技術prioruse先用priority優(yōu)先權priorityclaim優(yōu)先權申明priority

31、declaration優(yōu)先權申明processpatent方法專利processingofanapplication申請案的辦理productpatent產品專利provisionalspecification暫時說明書publication宣布reclassification再分類reexamination復審refusal駁回registerofpatents專利登記冊registeredpatent登記專利registeredtrademark注冊商標registration登記registrationcountries登記制國家reissuepatent再頒發(fā)專利rejection駁回

32、remedy挽救renewalfee續(xù)展費request懇求書restorationofalapsedpatent恢復已停止的專利restrictedconditions限制條款review復審revivalofanabandonedapplication恢復已放棄的申請revocationofapatent撤除專利royalties提成費ScienceAbstracts科學文摘scientificdiscovery科學發(fā)現(xiàn)scopeofprotection保護范圍seal蓋印search檢索secretpatent機密專利serviceinvention職務發(fā)明servicemark服務標志

33、signature簽訂simplelicense一般允許證精心整理精心整理singleapplicant獨自申請人slidingscaleofroyalties滑動提成費solelicense排他性允許證specification說明書stateoftheart先有技術水平statementofclaim訴訟陳說statementofdefense辯白陳說substancepatent物質專利substantiveexamination實質性審察succession繼承sufficiencyofdescription充分描繪technicalassistance技術輔助technicaldat

34、a技術資料technologytransfer技術轉移temporaryprotection暫時保護termofapatent專利有效期TheHagueAgreementConcerningtheInternationalDepositofIndustrialDesigns工業(yè)品外觀設計國際保留海牙協(xié)議titleofinvention發(fā)明名稱titletopatent專利全部權trademark商標TrademarkRegistrationTreaty商標明冊合約tradename廠商名稱trial審訊unfaircompetition不正當競爭unityofinvention發(fā)明單調性Uni

35、versalCopyrightConvention世界版權條約unpatentablesubjectmatter不可以獲得專利的主題usepatent用途專利utilitycertificate適用證書utilitymodel適用新式ViennaAgreementEstablishinganInternationalClassificationoftheFigurativeElementsofMarks成立商標圖形因素國際分類維也納協(xié)議ViennaAgreementfortheProtectionofTypeFacesandtheirInternationalDeposit印刷字體保護及其國際

36、保留維也納協(xié)議WIPO世界知識產權組織withdrawalofanapplication撤回申請witness證人workingofapatent實行專利WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization世界知識產權組這WPI世界專利索引WorldPatentIndex世界專利索引abandonmentofapatent放棄專利權abandonmentofapatentapplication放棄專利申請精心整理精心整理abridgment文摘abstract文摘(綱要)abuseofpatent濫用專利權actionforinfringementofpatent專利侵權

37、訴訟actionofapatent專利訴訟addressforservice文件送到地點affidavit誓書allowance允許amendment改正annualfee年費annuity年費anticipation占先appeal上訴appellationoforigin原產地名稱applicantforpatent專利申請人applicationdate申請日期applicationdocuments申請案文件applicationfee申請費applicationforpatent專利申請(案)applicationlayingopenforpublicinspection公然供民眾審

38、察的申請applicationnumber申請?zhí)朼pplicationpapers申請案文件arbitration仲裁art技術articleofmanufacture制品assignee受讓人assignment轉讓assignor轉讓人authoroftheinvention發(fā)明人authorscertificate發(fā)明證人書basicpatent基本專利BerneConvention伯爾尼條約BerneUnion伯爾尼結盟bestmode最正確方式bibliographicdata著錄資料BIRPI保護知識產權結合國國際局boardofappeals申述委員會breachofconfid

39、ence泄密BudapestTreatyontheInternationalRecognitionoftheDepositofMicroorganismsforthePurposesofPatentProcedure國際認可用于專利程序的微生物保留布達佩斯合約burdenofproof舉證責任caselaw判例法caveat預告精心整理精心整理certificateofaddition補充證書certificateofcorrection改正證明書certificateofpatent專利證書certifiedcopy經(jīng)認證的副本ChemicalAbstracts化學文摘citation引證c

40、laim權項classifier分類員co-applicants共同申請人co-inventors共同發(fā)明人colorcoding色碼制commissioner專利局長CommunityPatentConvention共同體專利條約completeapplication完好的申請案completedescription完好的表達completespecification完好的說明書comptroller專利局長compulsorylicense強迫允許證conception觀點conceptiondate觀點日期confidentialapplication機密申請confidentialin

41、formation保密情報conflictaward矛盾裁定conflictprocedure矛盾程序conflictingapplications矛盾申請案continuationapplication持續(xù)申請continuation-in-partapplication部分持續(xù)申請案contractuallicense契約性允許證contributoryinfringement簡介入侵conventionapplication條約申請conventioncountry條約國conventiondate條約日期ConventionEstablishingtheWorldIntellectua

42、lPropertyOrganization成立世界知識產權組織條約conventionperiod條約限時conventionpriority條約優(yōu)先權copyright版權correctionslip勘誤表counterpleadings反訴狀counterclaim反訴countrycode國家代號crosslicense交錯允許證data資料dataexchangeagreement資料互換協(xié)議精心整理精心整理dataofapplication申請日期dateofgrant授與日期dateofissue頒發(fā)日期dateofpatent專利日期dateofpublication宣布日期de

43、dicationtothepublic捐贈于民眾defendant被告人defenses辯白defensivepublication防衛(wèi)性通告deferredexamination延緩審察dependentclaim附屬權項dependentpatent附屬專利DerwentPublicationsLtd.德溫特第一版有限企業(yè)designpatent外觀設計專利development發(fā)展disclaimer放棄權項disclosure公然division分案divisionalapplication分案申請dominationpatent支配專利drawing附圖durationofpaten

44、t專利有效期economicpatent經(jīng)濟專利effectivefilingdate實質申請日期employeesinvention雇員發(fā)明EPO歐洲專利局EuropeanPatentOffice歐洲專利局ESARIPO英語非洲工業(yè)產權組織EuropeanPatentConvention歐洲專利條約evidence憑證examination審察examinationcountries審察制國家examinationfornovelty新奇性審察examiner審察員examinersreport審察員報告exclusivelicense獨占性允許證exclusiveright專有權exper

45、imentaluse實驗性使用expiredpatent期滿專利exploitationofapatent實行專利expositionpriority展覽優(yōu)先權expropriation征用extensionoftermofapatent延伸專利限時fee花費精心整理精心整理FICPI國際工業(yè)產權律師結合會filecopy存檔原件filingdate申請日期filingfee申請費filingofanapplication提出申請finalaction終局決定書first-to-fileprinciple先申請原則first-to-inventionprinciple先發(fā)明原則forcemaj

46、eure不行抗力foreignpatentapplication外國專利申請formalexamination形式審察gazette公報GenevaTreatyontheInternationalRecordingofScientificDiscoveries對于科學發(fā)現(xiàn)國際注冊日內瓦合約graceperiod寬容期grantofapatent授與專利權holderofapatent專利擁有人ICIREPAT專利局間情報檢索國際合作巴黎結盟委員會ParisUnionCommitteeforInternationalCooperationinInformationRetrievalamongPa

47、tentOffices專利局間情報檢索國際合作巴黎結盟委員會IFIA國際發(fā)明人協(xié)會結合會InternationalFederationofInventor國sAssociation際發(fā)明人協(xié)會結合會IBB國際專利研究所InstitutInternationaldesBrevets國際專利研究所imitation仿制impeachment指控improvement改良improvementpatent改良專利independenceofpatents專利獨立indicationofsource產地標志indirectinfringement間接入侵industrialapplicability工

48、業(yè)適用性industrialdesign工業(yè)品外觀設計industrialproperty工業(yè)產權informationinthepublicdomain公然情報infringementofapatent入侵專利權infringementofatrademark入侵商標權INID著錄資料辨別碼ICIREPATNumbersfortheIdentificationofData著錄資料辨別碼INPADOC國際專利文件中心INSPEC國際物理學和工程情報服務部insufficientdisclosure公然不允分intellectualproperty知識產權interdependentpatent

49、s互相依存的專利精心整理精心整理interferenceprocedure反抗程序interlocutoryinjunction中間嚴禁令interlocutoryorder中間命令InternationalConventionfortheProtectionofNewVarietiesofPlants保護植物新品種國際條約InternationalPatentClassificationAgreement國際專利分類協(xié)議InternationalPreliminaryExaminingAuthority國際初審單位internationalprotection國際保護Internationa

50、lSearchingAuthority國際檢索單位invalidation無效invention發(fā)明inventivestep獨創(chuàng)性inventor發(fā)明人inventorscertificate發(fā)明證人書IPC國際專利分類InternationalPatentClassification國際專利分類issueofapatent方法專利jointapplicants共同申請人jointinvention共同發(fā)明jointinventors共同發(fā)明人jointpatentees共同專利權人journal公報judgment裁決juniorparty后申請方know-how技術竅門lapsedpat

51、ent已停止的專利lawsuitofapatent專利訴訟legalperson法人legend說明LESInternational國際允許貿易履行人協(xié)會LicensingExecutivesSocietyInternational國際允許貿易履行人協(xié)會letterspatent專利證書license允許證licenseagreement允許證協(xié)議licenseofcourse自然允許證licensing允許證貿易licensor允許人LisbonAgreementfortheProtectionofAppellationsofOriginandtheirInternationalRegist

52、ration保護原產地名稱及國際注冊里斯本協(xié)議LocarnoAgreementEstablishinganInternationalClassificationforIndustrialDesign成立工業(yè)品外觀設計國際分類洛迦諾協(xié)議lossofapatent專利權的喪失MadridAgreementConcerningtheInternationalRegistrationofMarks商標國際注冊馬德里協(xié)議精心整理精心整理MadridAgreementfortheRepressionofFalseorDeceptiveIndicationsofSourceonGoods遏止商品產地虛假或欺

53、詐性標志馬德里協(xié)議mainpatent主專利maintenancefee保持費marking標志memorandumofunderstanding體諒備忘錄method方法microforms微縮文件minimumdocumentation最少限度檢索文件minimumroyalties最低提成費misuseofpatent濫用專利權mixedlicense混淆允許證modellaws示范法most-favouredprovision最惠條款nameofinvention發(fā)明名稱nationaltreatment公民待遇naturalperson自然人neighboringrights毗鄰權n

54、ewvarietiesofplants植物新品種NiceAgreementConcerningtheInternationalClassificationofGoodsandServicesforthePurposesoftheRegistrationofMarks商標明冊用商品與服務國際分類尼斯協(xié)定non-examiningcountries不審察制國家non-exclusivelicense非獨占性允許證non-obviousness非不言而喻性non-useofapatent不實行專利notarypublic公正機關noticeofinfringement侵權通知novelty新奇性OA

55、PI非洲知識產權組織objection異議officeaction專利局審察決定書opposition異議originality獨創(chuàng)性ownerofapatent專利全部人parentapplication原申請ParisConvention巴黎條約ParisUnion巴黎結盟patent專利patentact專利法patentagent專利代理人patentappliedfor已申請專利patentattorney專利律師patentclassification專利分類精心整理精心整理patentdocumentation專利文件patentdocuments專利文件patentfamili

56、es同族專利patentforaninvention發(fā)明專利patentlaw專利法patentlicense專利允許證patentnumber專利號patentofaddition補充專利patentofconfirmation確認專利patentofimportation輸入專利patentofintroduction引進專利patentofrevalidation再效專利patentoffice專利局patentpending專利未決patentright專利權patentrules專利實行細則patentsystem專利制度patentability專利性patentedinvention專利發(fā)明patentee專利權人patenting授與專利權PCT專利合作合約PCTUnion專利合作合約pendingapplication未決申請periodofapatent專利有效期personskilledintheart所屬技術領域的專業(yè)人員p