閱讀解析翻譯tpo-28reading2

1、EarlySaharanThe Sahara is a highly diverse, albeit dry, t has undergone climatic changes since 10,000 B.C. As recently as 6000 B.C., the southern frontier the desert was far to the northEarlySaharanThe Sahara is a highly diverse, albeit dry, t has undergone climatic changes since 10,000 B.C. As rece

2、ntly as 6000 B.C., the southern frontier the desert was far to the north of where it is now arid plains. This was a where sope of all kinds aboundedalong primigenius, a kind of e extinct. The t are now desert were, likeall arid regions, susceptible to cycles of higher and lower levels of rainfall, r

3、esulting changes in distributions of plants and animals. The people whodesert animals responded to drought by managing the wild ajor, ted the ted gathered, llywild oxen,which hadto haveregular sto盡管干旱，撒哈拉的物種極其多樣，并自公元前 10,000 氣候變遷。直到公元前 Even before the drought, the Sahara was never well watered. Both

4、 humans animals were constantly on the move, in search of food and reliable Under these , archaeologist Andrew Smith ves, the small herds he desert became smaller, more closely knit breeding units as drought took hold. The beasts were more disciplined, t it was easier to predict their habits, and ca

5、pture animals at will. At the same time, both cattle humans were more heir movements, staying much closer to sfor longperiods of time. Asaresult, cattleand humans o AndrewSmith Smith t ters were well aware of the more disciplined ways which their prey behaved. Instead of following the cattle on thei

6、r annual ters began to prevent the herd from moving from one Smith t ters were well aware of the more disciplined ways which their prey behaved. Instead of following the cattle on their annual ters began to prevent the herd from moving from one spot to another. ,they controlled the movement of the h

7、erd while ensuring continuance of their diet. But soon they also gained genetic control of the animals, which led to physical he herd. frica farmers who ain herds of wild (large African opes with short, twisted horns) t the offspring diminish in size, unless wild bulls roduced constantly from outsid

8、e. The effects of inbreeding may have occurred in controlled cattle populations, with additional, and perhaps unrecognized, advantages. The newly domesticated better, were easier to control, and may have enjoyed a higher birth urn yielded greater s. We know from rock ings n t the herders were soon s

9、electing breeding animals to produce withdifferent hornsand hide It is northern Africa clear whether domesticated cattle were tamed independently roduced to the continent from Southwest Asia. Whatever sourceof the original tamed herds ve been, it seems entirely t the same s of ition (living side by

10、side) and control occurred in Southwest Asia and northern Africa, and even in Europe, among peoples who had imate knowledge of the behavior of wild cattle. the same s of ition (living side by side) and control occurred in Southwest Asia and northern Africa, and even in Europe, among peoples who had

11、imate knowledge of the behavior of wild cattle. The experiments domestication probably occurred in many environmentscast aroundfor morepredictable, as people living in ever-群The cattle herders had only a s: unsophisticated pots and adzes. They nted with bow and arrow. The Saharan people left a recor

12、d of their lives endeavors have been p and scenes of daily lifeed on the walls of caves deep in the desert. Their in ings of wild animals, cattle, goats, t extend perhaps to 5000 B.C. The distribution of pastoral sites of this herdsover widely separatedsummerand t the Saharans ranged ergrazingAbout 3500 B.C., climatic conditions again deteriorated. The Sahara became drier and lakes vanished. On the other hand, rainfall of western Africa, and the northern limit of the tsetse fly, an insect fatal to moved south. So the herders shifted south, following the major river osavan