中考英語常見易錯題分類解析

1、第142頁 共142頁中考英語常見易錯題分類解析中考英語常見易錯題分類解析 A a 誤 I think it is an useful English dictionary. 正 I think it is a useful English dictionary. 析 在不定冠詞a與an的用法中要注意的一點是：an用在以元音開頭的詞之前；而a那么用在以輔音開頭的詞之前。要特別注意的是以u字母打頭的單詞，如useful,university等，其第一個音標是j，所以要特別予以注意。 誤 I need a hour to finish this letter. 正 I need an hour t

2、o finish this letter. 析 要注意hour和honest的第一個字母不發(fā)音。 誤 My teacher is a unknown man, but he is a very good man. 正 My teacher is an unknown man, but he is a very good man. 析 要注意以u打頭的單詞，它的發(fā)音為時，單數(shù)名詞前要用an，如uncle等。 誤 There is a “f” in the word “football”. 正 There is an “f” in the word “football”. 析 英文字母單獨使用時，

3、如其第一個發(fā)音是元音時，其前面的不定冠詞應該用an而不是a. 誤 I have a little brother. He is a 8yearold boy. 正 I have a little brother. He is an 8yearold boy. 析 要注意這些字母的第一個發(fā)音為元音，如eight, eleven等。 able 誤 This bike is able to be repaired. 正 This bike can be repaired. 析 be able to 主要表達某事或某人具有某種才能去作某事，應譯為“有本領”、“有才能”、“可以”作某事，如：Im abl

4、e to swim across this river. 而can可以用來表示具有承受才能或吸收才能。如：This radio can be repaired here. about 誤 This class is about to begin just now. 正 This class is about to begin. 析 要注意be about to 是“將要”的意思，含有將來時之意，不要與表示過去時的時間狀語連用。另外，be about to 一般用作書面語，對應的口語是be going to. about on about與on都可以作“關于”講，但卻有所不同，例如：This b

5、ook is about physics. 應譯為“這是一本關于物理學的科普讀物?！倍篢his book is on physics.那么應譯為“這是一本物理學方面的專著?！?above 誤 The temperature is five degrees over zero. 正 The temperature is five degrees above zero. 析 表達“在上方”時，above與over是可以互換的，如：The sky is above(or over)our heads. 但是要表達在垂直方向上的上方時那么應用above不可用over，如：The sun has ri

6、sen above the horizon. 誤 There is often thick cloud above the South of China in summer. 正 There is often thick cloud over the South of China in summer. 析 當表達覆蓋之意時，只可用over而不能用above. 誤 There is a bridge above the river. 正 There is a bridge over the river. 析 用來表達“從上方越過”時不能用above只能用over，如：The plane flew

7、 over the city. 但要注意There is waterfall above the bridge. 那么應譯為“在橋的上游有一個瀑布。” across 誤 He ran across the wood. 正 He ran through the wood. 析 across是指某一動作在一平面內(nèi)進展，而through那么是指該動作在一三維立體空間的運動過程。如：The man came in through the window. He walked across the square. across across的主要用法有兩個。其一，意為“對面”，如：There is a s

8、chool just across the street. 其二，意為“橫過”，如：He walked across the street. afraid 誤 I dontt afraid of him. 正 I am not afraid of him. 析 要注意“害怕”afraid一詞在英語中不是動詞，而是形容詞，要與be動詞連用。 after 誤 Two weeks after he left. 正 Two weeks later he left. 正 He left after two weeks. 析 要表達“在多少時間之后”，英語中有兩種表達法，即：用later時，要時間在前，如

9、three hours later; 而用after時要時間在后，如after three hours. 誤 My father will be back after a few hours. 正 My father will be back in a few hours. 析 受中文的影響，這個介詞常常被誤用。當你要表達在一段時間內(nèi)某個動作可以完成時，一定要用in，而不能用after，因為after是指在某一時間之后。例如：This work will be done in two days. 即說明在兩天內(nèi)這一工作一定會做完。而如用了after，即表示在兩天之后，完成的時間是不確定的。 a

10、fter behind after多用于表示順序的前后，如：She walked in the line after Tom. 或用來表示“追趕”，表示一種動態(tài)，如：He ran after Mary. 而behind多用于強調(diào)先進與落后，如：She is much behind the other girls in sewing. 或者用于表達“遲于”，如：The train was ten minutes behind the time table. 或者與表示靜態(tài)的動詞連用，如：She hid herself behind the flowers. afternoon 誤 He work

11、ed very hard in a hot afternoon. 正 He worked very hard on a hot afternoon. 析 習慣用的詞組in the afternoon, 假如參加任何修飾詞后其前面的介詞in都要改為on，不管其修飾詞在前還是在后，如：He swam in this river on the afternoon of June lst. 又如：Are you free on Sunday afternoon? against 誤 He against me. 正 He is against me. 析 要注意against意為“反對”，但它在英文中

12、卻不是動詞，而是介詞，如要講反對某事或某人時那么要加動詞be, 如：He is against somebody/something. against for against意為“反對”、“不贊成”；而for那么意為“同意”，為其反意詞。如：Are you for or against the plan? age 誤 He is twenty years old of age. 正 He is twenty. 正 He is twenty years old. 正 He is at the age of twenty. ago 誤 Toms father has been dead five

13、years ago. 正 Toms father died five years ago. 析 ago意為由說話時算起，假設干時間以前。它只能和一般動詞過去時連用，而不要與完成時連用。 誤 Yesterday I met a friend. We didnt see each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago. 正 Yesterday I met a friend. We hadnt seen each other for a long time since we left the college

14、twenty years ago. 析 要注意的是在本句是ago是用在由since引起的從句之中，只是從句應用過去時，但不影響主句的時態(tài)。 agree 誤 Does the teacher agree to us? 正 Does the teacher agree with us? 誤 Does he agree with our plan? 正 Does he agree with us? 析 agree with 指“同意某人的提議、建議、方案”等。假如要講同意某項方案那么要用agree to, 如：Do you agree to the plan? all 誤 The old man h

15、as two sons. All of them are workers. 正 The old man has two sons. Both of them are workers. 析 all是指三者或以上的全部，而both那么是指“兩者都”。 誤 The all children are playing football now. 正 All the children are playing football now. 析 all作修飾詞時其位置要在所有的修飾詞之前，不管這些修飾詞是定冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞或名詞，或代詞的所有格。 誤 You all are right. 正 You ar

16、e all right. 析 all作同位語時其位置要置于be動詞之后，實意動詞之前，如：The teachers all work hard. 或用于第一助動詞之后，如：The boys have all been waiting for their mothers. almost 誤 Nearly nobody thinks he is right. 正 Almost nobody thinks he is right. 析 nearly與almost是近意詞，其含意差異不大，但是與否認詞連用時要用almost, 例如：She brought almost no money with he

17、r. 此句中的almost不能用nearly交換。 alone 誤 The old man lived lone but he didnt feel lonely. 正 The old man lived alone, but he didnt feel lonely. 析 alone, lone, lonely 三個詞全具有“孤單、孤獨”之意。但其用法不同：lone可以作定語，而alone那么只能作表語，lonely那么多指感情上與感覺上的孤獨。 already 誤 We are already for the work. 正 We are all ready for the work. 析

18、 already 是副詞，其意為“已經(jīng)”，如：He already knew about it. 而all ready為形容詞意為“準備好”。 already yet already多用于肯定句中，例如：The students have already finished the work. 而yet那么多用于疑問句與否認句中，如：Have you finished it yet? I havent finished it yet. also 誤 I didnt find the dictionary also. 正 I didnt find the dictionary either. 析

19、作為“也”講，在否認句中要用either而不能用also. also too also與too都可用在肯定句中表示“也”，但also通常用于be動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后，如：I can also do it myself. 而too一般放于句尾。Ill attend his class, too. always 誤 Always he asked himself why he had e here. 正 He always asked himself why he had e here. 析 always一般不能用于句首，它在一般句中的位置是于動詞之前第一助動詞之后，如：Ive always tho

20、ught he is honest. 又如：He is always late. among 誤 If the three apples are divided among the two boys how much will each receive? 正 If the three apples are divided among the three boys how much will each receive? 析 among常用于三個事物或人物之間，而between那么多用于兩者之間。 an 誤 This is an useful dictionary. 正 This is a use

21、ful dictionary. 析 詳見a條。 and 誤 He did not speak loudly and clearly. 正 He did not speak loudly nor clearly. 誤 Our school is not in New York and Chicago, but in Boston. 正 Our school is not in New York or Chicago, but in Boston. 析 “和”這一概念在肯定句中應用and，但在否認句中那么要用or angry 誤 My mother was angry to me. 正 My mo

22、ther was angry with me. 誤 He was angry with what I said. 正 He was angry at what I said. 析 要注意be angry后面假如接人，表示“對某人生氣不滿”時應用be angry with somebody. 但要接事物時要用be angry at something. another 誤 I have two sisters, one in America and another in English. 正 I have two sisters, one in America and the other in

23、English. 析 要注意英語中another, other, the other, the others, others的不同用法，現(xiàn)分別說明如下：another作形容詞其意為：泛指的另一個或再一個，別的，類似的。一般在句中作定語，如: This is not good enough, please show me another one. another還可以作為代詞用，如：One student said：“I want to play baskball.”another said：“I want to play football.”other作形容詞其意為“泛指其余的，別的”。如：I

24、 have other books besides these. 又如：Ask some other people please. the other那么為特指，作形容詞時其后面可接單數(shù)或復數(shù)名詞，如：She has two flowers. One is white, the other one is yellow. (特指，單數(shù))又如：There are fifty students in our class, twenty five are boys, the other students are girls. (特指，復數(shù))但當the other作為代詞時，它代表的可以是單數(shù)，也可以是

25、復數(shù)，如：He has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other. (單數(shù))又如：There are some people in the room. Four are girls, the other(復數(shù))are boys. 要注意的是當the other作主語時，其后面的謂語動詞要視詳細情況而定，它可能是單數(shù)，也可能是復數(shù)。others那么只能作代詞，其意為other ones即為：泛指某些，某一局部人或物，如：Each of us must think of others. 而the others只能作為代詞，它是特指某一些人或物，如：I k

26、now only one or two of the students; the others are unknown to me. answer 誤 Someone is knocking at the door. Please reply the door bell. 正 Someone is knocking at the door, Please answer the door bell. 析 answer與reply是近意詞，作為及物動詞用時有時二者是可以互換的，如：The student answered/replied that he wanted to watch TV. 但在

27、某些特定場合那么不易互換。作為應答之意時那么多用answer，如：You should answer to your name. Please answer my letter as soon as possible. Answer my question in English. any 誤 Do you have some questions? 正 Do you have any questions? 析 some一般要用于肯定句，而any那么用于否認句或疑問句。 誤 China is larger than any other countries in Asia. 正 China is l

28、arger than any other country in Asia. 析 要注意any other 其后要跟單數(shù)名詞，但any of the other 其后要接復數(shù)名詞。China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia. 誤 Here are some books; you can choose anyone of these. 正 Here are some books; you can choose any one of these. 析 anyone只能指人，而any one即可指人 也可以指物。 around 誤 T

29、he nine plas go around of the sun. 正 The nine plas go around the sun. 析 around后面不要再加介詞，如：The sun shines all around us. around round 作介詞用的around與round通?？梢曰Q，只不過美語常用around，而英語常用round，例如：You can see the post office round/around that corner. (繞過那個彎你就可以看到郵局。但是一定要區(qū)別它們的不同之處：round可以用作形容詞、副詞、介詞、動詞、名詞；而around

30、只能用作副詞或介詞。例如：The post office is just round (around) the house (用作介詞). He has round face (用作形容詞). The river rounded the stones. (用作動詞) arrive 誤 I arrived Beijing the day before yesterday. 正 I arrived in Beijing the day before yesterday. 正 I reached Beijing the day before yesterday. 誤 He arrived in th

31、e school at 1100. 正 He arrived at the school at 1100. 析 arrive為不及物動詞，當?shù)竭_的是較大的地理區(qū)域時用介詞in，而到達較小的地方時那么用at, 如：arrive in New York, arrive at the village. arrive reach get arrive如上所述是不及物動詞，而reach那么是及物動詞。如：How did you reach the school this morning? 而get可用作不及物動詞，作“到達”講時其后面多與to連用。如：When did you get to New Yo

32、rk? as 誤 This man works in the bank for a manager. 正 This man works in the bank as a manager. 析 as與for有時是可以通用的。如：This room is used as (for) a classroom. 但是用來指官銜、職位時只能用as. 誤 My brother is so taller as Tom. 正 My brother is as tall as Tom. 析 as as之間只能用形容詞與副詞的原級，而不能用比擬級。在否認句中可以用soas，也可以用asas，但在肯定句中只能用as

33、as，如：He is not so tall as Tom. 誤 Ill give him the note as soon as he will e. 正 Ill give him the note as soon as he es. 析 as soon as所引導的狀語從句中應使用一般時態(tài)表示將來。 ask 誤 The student asked a question to the teacher. 正 The student asked the teacher a question. 析 ask應接雙賓語，即ask somebody something. 誤 They asked som

34、e books. 正 They asked for some books. 析 向某人要求某物時應用ask somebody for something或ask for something from somebody, 如：He asked his mother for some money. 或He asked for some money from his mother. asleep 誤 He is deeply asleep. 正 He is fast asleep. 析 要講“熟睡”，就要用fast來修飾asleep。另外， 在英語中一般不講somebody is sleeping而

35、要用asleep。關于睡覺這一詞的慣用法還有：go to sleep(如：The old man usually goes to sleep at ten.)， fall asleep(如：I fell asleep at English class yes terday.) at 誤 It will really do you no harm quite. 正 It will really do you no harm at all. 析 at all和quite的漢語意思均為“全然”、“確定的”，但at all適用于否認句，例如： -Im sorry. Im late. -No troub

36、le at all. 又如：I dont think it is right at all. 而quite那么適用于肯定句，例如：He is quite a good teacher. 誤 The children play football for lunch. 正 The children play football at lunch. 析 英語中的at lunch為“在吃午飯時”。這種慣用法還有at work(在工作)，at table(在吃飯)，at desk(在學習)。而for lunch那么是為午飯而準備的食物，又如：We had some milk for breakfast.

37、誤 There is a post office in the corner of the street. 正 There is a post office at the corner of the street. 析 at the corner是指墻外面的角，而in the corner是指建筑物內(nèi)部的角落。例如：There is a puter in the corner of the room. There is a street l at the corner of the street. at in on 在表示時間時用來表示詳細鐘點用at，如：He will be back at

38、six. 表示一天的上、 下午時要用in,如：I usually get up at six in the morning. 但要注意的是，in the morning和in the afternoon這兩個詞組中假如參加了任何修飾詞，其介詞要換為on， 如：on the cold morning, on the hot afternoon.又如：See you on Monday morning. 如講到詳細的某一天，要用on, 如：on Sunday, 如：I usually want to visit my mother on Sundays. 在談到周、月、季、年時要用in，如：All

39、 the children will be happy in Easter week. He was born in July. 但要注意在泛指圣誕節(jié)、復活節(jié)、感恩節(jié)時都用at, 如：Where are you going at Easter. B back 誤 Im sorry. I have to back home. 正 Im sorry. I have to go back home. 正 Im sorry. I have to go home. 析 back用作“回到(某處)”之意，不是動詞。 be 誤 Where do you from? 正 Where are you from?

40、 析 “你從何處來”應為Where are you from?或Where do you e from? 但要注意這兩句話均是問對方從哪個國家來的。要是口語中問“你是從什么地方來?”應講Where did you e from? 答復用I came from the library. beat 誤 We have won your class. 正 We have beaten your class. 正 We have won the game. 析 win是勝過之意，它是及物動詞，但其后的賓語只能接比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎品、獎金的名稱，如：Which team won the football m

41、atch? 而beat指打敗對手、敵人如：My brother beat me at poker.(要注意的是，beat的過去式與原形一樣，而過去分詞為beaten)。 誤 The ball beat me badly. 正 The ball hit me badly. 誤 He used to hit the little boy black and blue. 正 He used to beat the little boy black and blue. 析 beat指打擊屢次，而hit那么為擊中對方的一次性打擊。 beautiful 誤 He is a beautiful boy. 正

42、 He is a handsome boy. 析 我們可以講She is a beautiful girl. This is a beautiful park. 但要講男人的“英俊”時要用handsome. because 誤 The reason why I was late is because I was ill. 正 The reason why I was late is that I was ill. 誤 Because it was Sunday, so the park was crowded. 正 Because it was Sunday the park was crow

43、ded. 析 這種錯誤是因為中文的習慣與英語的表述法不同，中文常講我來晚了的原因是因為我病了，而英文中的第二個因為要用that代替。又因中文常講因為所以，而英文中用了因為就不能再用所以了，同樣用了“所以”也就不要再用“因為”一詞。例如：Because we study hard, we passed the exam easily. 或者：We study hard so we passed the exam easily. because because of because后要接從句，例如：We like physics because we can learn a lot of new

44、ideas. 而because of后要接名詞作介詞賓語，如：He is not at school because of the illness. before 誤 We have two hours to kill before we will go home. 正 We have two hours to kill before we go home. 析 kill time意為“消磨光陰”。 英語狀語從句中要用一般如今時表示將來的動作。如：If it rains we will not go to the park. 誤 I did this work two days before.

45、 正 I did this work two days ago. 析 用ago組成的時間狀語其主句中的謂語動詞要用過去時，而before引起的時間狀語其主句中的謂語動詞多用完成時，如：I has done this work a few days before. before long long before before long是“不久”之意，例如：I shall go to America before long. 而long before那么是“很久很久”之意，如：We knew this teacher long before we saw him. (我們在看到這位教師之前很久就知

46、道他了。) begin 誤 The meeting will begin from Monday. 正 The meeting will begin on Monday. 誤 The film has begun for ten minutes. 正 The film has been on for ten minutes. 析 begin是瞬間動詞，所以它的完成時態(tài)不能接表示一段時間的狀語，如：The film has begun. 這句話是對的，即“電影已經(jīng)開場”。但要講已經(jīng)開場10分鐘了那么要用has been on即“上演了10分鐘”。 begin start begin與start兩

47、詞后面加不定式或動名詞都可以，且意思并無區(qū)別，但在表達習慣時接動名詞的用法較多，如：How old wern you when you first started learning English?但這兩個詞的進展時態(tài)中那么多用不定式，如：I was beginning to get hungry. 但假如句子的主語是物而不是人，那么多用不定式，如：The ice began to melt. It started to get dark before we got to school. 當動詞是表達某種心理狀態(tài)時，要用不定式，如：The student began to understand

48、 his mistakes. 誤 They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end. 正 They study hard in the class from beginning to end. 析 from beginning to end是習慣用法，即自始至終，不要加冠詞，但如單獨使用那么要加冠詞，例如：At the beginning,the teacher gave us an exam. behind 誤 He missed the class because he was behind the time. 正 He

49、missed the class because he was behind time. 析 behind time一短語意為“晚了”，而behind the times意為“落后于時代”。behind是介詞同時又是副詞，如e out from behind the door(介詞). Hes a long way behind(副詞). He fell behind with his classmates(副詞). below 誤 Whats that below the chair. 正 Whats that under the chair. 析 under意為“正下方”，而below意為

50、“比低”，或指“在下游”。如：There is a fall below the river. (河的下游有一個瀑布。)其反義詞為over，如：There is a big plane flying over the city. 但在“下面的例子”一表達語中那么要用the exle below, 而不要用under. beside 誤 The students stood besides the teacher. 正 The students stood beside the teacher. 誤 I study English beside Chinese. 正 I study Englis

51、h besides Chinese. 析 beside意為“在旁邊”，而besides是“除以外(還如何)”。 beside by near beside意為“在旁”，如：There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指“倚、靠”、“沿著”之意，如：She is standing by the window. near多用來表示兩地間間隔 不遠，如：There is a post office near our school. better 誤 You had better to do it at home. 正 You had better do it

52、at home. 誤 You hadnt better wake me up at six. 正 You had better not wake me up at six. 析 had better在肯定句中為“應該作某事”，其后加不帶to的不定式，而在否認句中應用had better+not+動詞原形。在簡答語中had常省略為d，如：Youd better not. 又如： Lets go first. No, wed better not. between 誤 Among the two trees there is a space of the feet. 正 Between the t

53、wo trees there is a space of the feet. 析 兩者之間多用between，三者或三者以上之間那么用among. 誤 You must choose between this club or that club. 正 You must choose between this club and that club. 析 在兩個之間作出選擇要用betweenand，而不能用betweenor. big 誤 There was a big rain last night. 正 There was a heavy rain last night. 析 大雨在英語中只能

54、用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain. bit 誤 He is a bit fool. 正 He is a bit of a fool. 析 a bit可以作程度副詞，與a little一樣，但它用于名詞前應用a bit of, 而用于形容詞前那么應用a bit，如：Im a bit tired, 而其簡答的否認句應為Not a bit, (一點兒也不。)又如： -Do you mind if I open the door?-Not a bit. black 誤 The children became black after swimming in the sea. 正 T

55、he children became sunburned after swimming in the sea. 析 因太陽照曬而皮膚變黑，不應用black而應用sunburned, sun colour或dark. 誤 The girl has black eyes and black hair. 正 The girl has dark eyes and black hair. 析 英語中black eyes的意思是被打得發(fā)青的眼睛。 誤 The Europeans like red tea. 正 The Europeans like black tea. 析 紅茶在英文中應為black te

56、a. 這種慣用法還有：black and blue(鼻青臉腫，青一塊紫一塊)；blackandwhite(黑白電視片)。go black意為“在失去知覺時眼前一片黑暗”；look black意為“情況不妙，前景暗淡”。如：After the fight he was black and blue.On TV, I like colour for something and blackandwhite for others. body 誤 Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body. 正 Going to b

57、ed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health. 析 中文常講對你身體有利，而英文中那么講對你安康有利。 borrow 誤 May I lend some books from the library? 正 May I borrow some books from the library? 誤 How long can I borrow it? 正 How long can I keep it? 析 英語中有三個詞都可譯為“借”，但意義各不一樣如：“借入”是borrow，其常用句型構造是borrow something fro

58、m somebody，這是個瞬間性動詞，不可與表示延續(xù)的時間狀語連用。例如：The students want to borrow some books from the library. “借出”用lend，即借給別人東西。其常用句型是lend somebody something, 或lend something to somebody.例如：Could you lend us your dictionary?或Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬間性動詞，也不能與延續(xù)的時間狀語連用。keep那么是延續(xù)性動詞，可以和表示長時間段的時間狀語連用

59、，也可與how long等疑問詞連用，如：You can keep it for three days. born (bear的過去分詞) 誤 I born in Shanghai. 正 I was born in Shanghai. 誤 He was born from Greek parents. 正 He was born of Greek parents. 析 “出身于樣的家庭”不要作from而要用of，例如：He was born of a poor family. both 誤 They both are students. 正 They are both students. 誤

60、They refuse both to answer this question. 正 They both refuse to answer this question. 析 both作同位語時，一般要用在be動詞之后實意動詞之前。 誤 I know his both parents. 正 I know both his parents. 誤 The both brothers were students. 正 Both the brothers were students. 正 Both brothers were students. 析 當both與形容詞性物主代詞my, his, her