復(fù)合句的百慕大三角定語從句,狀語從句

1、復(fù)合句比較一.復(fù)合句的種類A.定語從句B.狀語從句C.名詞性從句三角區(qū)的由來在于ABC三者的關(guān)系.包括區(qū)別,聯(lián)系,轉(zhuǎn)化,融合.一.定語從句與同位語從句1.when, where, why在定從和同從中的應(yīng)用 1) We havent yet settled the question _ we are going to spend our summer vacation on 1st Oct. A. when B. where C. that D. which 2) Ill never forget the day_ I joined the League. A. when B. that C.

2、 in which D. which3) The reason _ he moved to the USA is not clear to me. A. why B. that C. when D. which4) We havent found out the problem _ the computer was out of order. A. why B. that C. which D. whether 5) Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his being absent from his work? A. why he explain

3、ed B. he explained C. when he explained D. how he explained小結(jié):相同點:when, where, why在定語從句中和同位語從句中均充當狀語成分不同點：when, where, why在定語從句中有相應(yīng)的先行詞，可表示為介詞關(guān)系代詞；而在同位語從句中無相應(yīng)先行詞，不可表示為介關(guān)系代詞。that在定從與同從中的區(qū)別 用A: that B: which 填空1) We all have heard the news _ our team won. 2) We dont believe the news _ he told us yeste

4、rday. 3) The police ruled out the possibility_ Justin told them. 4)The police ruled out the possibility_Jutin was taken away by the aliens.5) The news _ you told me yesterday was true.6) The news _ the president will visit our school spread quickly.小結(jié):定語從句與先行詞是修飾關(guān)系,關(guān)系代詞that / which在從句中做主,賓，表等成分,從句成分

5、缺失;同位語從句與被解釋詞是解釋說明關(guān)系,連接詞that在句中不作成分,從句成分完整.3.關(guān)于point, situation, condition, case等引起的從句. 1) Mr.Green took up the story at the point_ the thief had just made off with the jewels. A. where B. which C. as D. when 2) I feel uncomfortable each time I remember the situation _ Mary didnt agree with me_ the

6、matter. A. that; over B. in which; over C. which about D. where, to 3) If you were in a situation _ five of us only had one life jacket, what would happen? A. where B. which C. when D. that4) Theres one point _ we must insist on. 小結(jié):先行詞為point, situation, condition, case 時,多用where引導(dǎo)定從,而這些名詞往 往被誤認為在其后

7、跟了同位語從句.二.定從與主從,賓從和表從1.定從與主從翻譯:不論誰在公共場所隨意吐痰都該被罰 翻譯:無論他做什么都不會對我有什么影響. a. Whoever spits in public should be punished.b. Anyone who spits in public should a. Whatever he does makes no difference to me.b. Anything that he does makes no 小結(jié):whoever=anyone who; whatever=anything that判斷正誤:a. Who breaks the

8、law will be punishedb. Whoever breaks the law will be punished.(c. Who robbed the bank is not clear. d. Whoever robbed the bank is not clear. 小結(jié):時態(tài)與意義判斷.(誤)正)(正)(誤)翻譯（用定、主、表、賓四種從句） 眾所周知，紙首先在中國制造。1）As is known to us all, paper was first made in China. (定從)2) It is known to us all that paper was first

9、 made in China.（主從）3) What is known to us all is that paper was first made in China.（表從）4) We all know that paper was first made in China.（賓從）小結(jié):定語從句與主賓表從句在特定情況下可以表示相同的意思。填空：1) He told us all _ had happened 10 years ago. A. that B. what C. which 2)He has told us all _ he experienced abroad. A. which

10、 B. what C. how D. when 小結(jié) :what = something that all that = what 練習：Our hometown is no longer _ she was 20 years ago. that B. which C. where D. what2) It seems to us that no reason _ he gave us for his absence is believable.that B. what C. why D. which 3) The art center is _ used to be a factory, _

11、 millions of tractors were made. what, where B. where, where C. what, which D. where, which4) The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross river traffic is the heaviest.which, where B. at which ,which C. at which, where D. which, in which5)No one believed his reason for being

12、 late _ he was caught in a traffic jam, _ make him embarrassed. A that, which B. why, which C. why, what D. that, what 6)_ is known to all is that the old scientist, for _ life was hard in the past, still works very hard in his eighties. A. As, whom B. What, whom C. It, whose D. As, whose7)Desertifi

13、cation, the name for _ happens when farmable land is turned in desert, is a growing world problem.A. which B. where C. what D how8) The researchers who study jokes want to know _ people from different nations and cultures find funny. A. why B. that B. what D. whether 總結(jié)：用什么樣的關(guān)系詞或連接詞，均要在從句中分析查找。關(guān)系詞和連

14、接詞存在某種轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系：what= all that / something thatwhatever= anything that whoever = anyone who 2. 高考考查的趨勢是多種復(fù)合句的融合，而非單一句法的考查。3. 定語從句與名詞性從句的本質(zhì)區(qū)別：定從多存在被修飾的先行詞，且先行詞（或關(guān)系詞）在從句中作成分；名從沒有先行詞，名從中的連接詞除了that 、whether 外，均在從句中作成分。三、定語從句與狀語從句1.where 引導(dǎo)的定從與狀從的區(qū)別填空：1)This is the place_ we lived for ten years.2) Young peopl

15、e should go _ they are most needed. 3) You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them easily.4) I still remember the bus _ I met you for the first time.5) _there is a will, there is a way. 6) He left the key _ he had been an hour before. 7) He left the key at the place _ he had been a

16、n hour before.8) He left the place _ he lived for many years. when B. where C. there D. in which小結(jié)：1）where 引導(dǎo)定從修飾先行詞，在從句中作地點狀語；where引導(dǎo)狀從，修飾主句動詞或整個句子，有時可以放句首。2）若where引導(dǎo)狀從放于動詞vi 后，則狀從可與定從轉(zhuǎn)化。2. such as / suchthat 在定從與狀從中的區(qū)別。This is so interesting a book _ all of us want to read it. This is so interesti

17、ng a book _ all of us want to read. He is such a good teacher _ we all like him. He is such a good teacher _ all of us love and respect.小結(jié)：so/suchthat 引導(dǎo)狀從，that從句成分完整，而定語從句先行詞被so/such修飾時，常用as 引導(dǎo)從句，且從句缺少成分。練習：Wu Han was attacked by such a terrible snow storm _few people had expected before.that B. as

18、 C. which D. what2) Such good use has been _his spare time _his English has improved a lot. A. made of, that B. strengthened, as C. underlined in, as D. found in, which四、定從與并列句Mr Smith has a three sons, none of _is a computer expert. He has three sisters, _ are doctors. She has three CDs, but none o

19、f _is interesting. I have many friends, and all of _ are nice and friendly. Miss Yang has some relatives here; _like her very much.A. whom B. them C. they D. who小結(jié)： 定從與主句有逗號分隔時，沒有and, but, so, or, while 等連詞；并列句由and, but, or, so, while 等并列連詞連接，或用分號分隔。練習：He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, mo

20、st of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.2) He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, and most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.3) He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows; most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. 4) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the pric

21、e of _ was reasonable.5) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase; the price of it was reasonable. 6) Johns parents kept telling him that he should work hard, but _ didnt help.7) She thought I was talking about her daughter, _ in fact, I was talking about my daughter. A. whom B. where C. while D. w

22、hich 8) Dorothy was always speaking highly of he role in the play, _ of course, made the others unhappy.who B. which C. this D. what 9)There were many people in the reading room, and most of _ had their heads bent down over their books.A. whom B. them C. that D. which五:定語從句與強調(diào)句區(qū)別where1) It is the ho

23、use _I met the young man. 2) It was in the house _ I met the young man.3) Is it Guang Ming Theatre _ you are going to watch the famous play?2: 區(qū)別when1) It was five oclock _ the accident happened.2) It was at five oclock _ the accident happened.3) Was it 12：00 pm. _ you arrived home last night?A. on

24、which B. that C. when 小結(jié)：區(qū)別when/where 引導(dǎo)的定語從句與強調(diào)句，要看在疑似強調(diào)句的被強調(diào)部分前是否有介詞。 若有介詞，則多為強調(diào)句；反之， 多為定語從句。但不是必然的。3. 定語從句與強調(diào)句的情景化區(qū)別1) - Where did you get to know her? - It was on the farm _we worked.that B. where C. which D. there 2)- Where did fire broke out? -It was in the hotel _ I lived last night.A. that B

25、. where C. which D. there3) - When did accident happen?- It was at 5:00 _ I got up.A. that B. when C. in which D. which4)-He was nearly drowned once. -when was he_? -_was in 1988_he was in middle school.A. that, it, when B. this, this, whenC. this, it, that D. that, it, that 4. 定從與強調(diào)句的結(jié)合It is the yo

26、ung man _ looked for _ caught the murderer.A. that, who B. that, theyC. they, that D. they, which2) It is the ability to do the job _ matters not _you come from or _you are.one, where ,that B. that, where, what C. that, there, what D. which, which, what六： 定從與非謂語動詞限制性定從與非謂語動詞 1) A student of English

27、_ limited exercises finds it hard to get a good mark in an exam. is used to deal with B. used to deal with C. is used to dealing with D. used to dealing with A student of English who is used to dealing with limited exercises finds it hard to get a good mark in an English exam.小結(jié)：限制性定從與非謂語動詞作定語存在相互轉(zhuǎn)化

28、關(guān)系， 作題時適當運用這種轉(zhuǎn)化利于看清句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。2. 非限制性定語從句與非謂語動詞Her husband died, which made her live a hard life.Her husband died, making her live a hard life. so she lived a hard life.小結(jié)：非限制性定從 若與主句存在因果關(guān)系， 則?？赊D(zhuǎn)化為非謂語動詞作結(jié)果狀語或結(jié)果狀語從句。大總結(jié):復(fù)合句學(xué)習的三境界 區(qū)別-融合-應(yīng)用 只有達到靈活應(yīng)用的 境界,才能在復(fù)合句的三角區(qū)中縱橫馳騁.Thank you練習:適當應(yīng)用復(fù)合句,結(jié)合unit3的短語,翻譯如下短文:我的朋友瑪麗一直為自己的身材而羞愧，非?？释幸粋€苗條的身材。她充分利用業(yè)余時間，每周去體操館鍛煉三次，然而并沒有效果因為她胃口很好。后來，她又開始節(jié)食，并發(fā)誓至少要減去10公斤，結(jié)果，她的努力以失敗告終。最終她