2022年中石油職稱英語考試試題和參考答案(試卷08)

1、2022 2022 08 1008試卷一VocabularyDirections: There are some incomplete sentences in this part. Beneath each sentence you will see four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answerthat best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.German, spoken by just over 100 million peo

2、ple, is one of the world”sten-largest languagespopulation.in place ofB. by means ofC. in terms ofD. by way ofFour score and seven years ago our fatherson this continent a new nation.brought outB. brought forth C. brought about D. brought upThe taxi had tobecause the traffic light had turned red.set

3、upB. catch upC. shut upD. pull upThere are no extremes of temperature on South Island. Summers are warm, nothot, and winters are briskfreezing.in spite ofB. other thanC. rather thanD. regardless ofAfter we had been in the village for a few months, we so liked it that we decidedto settle therein turn

4、B. for goodC. as usualD. at mostGenerous public funding of basic science wouldconsiderable benefits forthe country”s health, wealth and security.result fromB. lie inC. lead toD. figure outAlthough I spoke to him many times, he never took anyof what I said.noticeB. warningC. observationD. attentionOu

5、r company decided tothe contract because a number of the conditionsin it had not been met.destroyB. forbiddenC. assumeD. cancelWe”ll visit Australia next yearwe have enough videdB. unlessC. untilD. lestScientists areabout the formation of coal.confidentialB. conferC. confidentD. conformWilliam Penn,

6、 the founder of Pennsylvania,defended the right of everycitizen to freedom of choice in religion.peculiarlyB. indifferentlyC. vigorouslyD. inevitablyThe Great Wall is a famous tourist, drawing millions of visitors every year.attentionB. attractionC. appointmentD. arrangementPurchasing the new produc

7、tion line will be adeal for the fitableB. tremendousC. forcefulD. favoriteHe felt a bitbecause her life seemed completely out of balance.depressedB. suppressC. thoughtfulD. weaknessSome people wait forto come knocking. Some people sought it out.necessityB. opportunityC. realityD. probabilitySome you

8、nger workers assume older workers can”t keepwithfast-changing technology and business pressures.paceB. stepC. progressD. touchIf things are going badly, the optimist acts quickly, looking forandforming a new plan of action.resultB. solutionsC. responseD. settlementThe lead pencil is the simplest, mo

9、stand least expensive of all writinginstruments.adaptableB. comfortableC. convenientD. standardNow insurance companies are near the top of theof the biggest business inthe United States.chartB. formC. listD. tableSales-promotion methods, to be effective, should bewith local preference.consistentB. c

10、ontinuousC. considerateD. continualGrammatical StructureDirections: There are some incomplete sentences in this part. Beneath each sentence you will see Jbur choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answerthat best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.The old man soake

11、d his hands in the cold water and to keep his head clear.A. triedB. tryingC. being triedD. was triedSmithwasverybusylastweek.Otherwisetoheseeyou.cameB. would comeC. had comeD. would have comeWith all the things she needed she would leave the market for the streetsof the town to spend another hour.bu

12、yB. boughtC. buyingD. to have boughtI appreciated the opportunity to work abroad three years ago.A. having been givenB. having givenC. to have been givenD. to have givenHe has won the first place, is clear from the expressions on his face.thatB. asC. whatD. whenOnly later what a terrible thing had h

13、appened.they have realizedB. did they realizeC. they realizedD. they realize27. planes in flight between airports, air traffic controllers rely on radar.A. TrackedB. To track C. Being tracked D. The tracking ofI wish Bob would drive us to the airport but he has to take us all.very small a carB. too

14、small a carC. a too small carD. such a small carHe is taller thanany other boy in the classB. any boy in the classC. all boys in the classD. you and me as well as the classPhysics as well as other subjects a science.A. wasB. isC. areD. belong to“I always get confused about tipping in this country.“U

15、sually youto leave 15 percent for a waiter or waitress. Taxi driversexpect 10 or 15 percent, too.“oughtB. shouldC. mightD. canmillions of galaxies exist in the vast space outside the Milky Way.It is estimated thatB. An estimate thatC. That is estimatedD. That the estimateAs resident of Texas, Dennis

16、to the House of Representatives in 1930 andto the Senate in 1938.when electedB. electedC. who was electedD. was electedThe instructions are too clear on the bottle: These tabletsthey are able tomake about twenty different sounds.will be keptB. are to be keptC. shall keepD. shall have keptGreenhave t

17、he power to make food from substances found in the air andsoil.only plantsB. plants aloneC. the only plantsD. plants are aloneChina and America are separated by Pacific OceanB. a Pacific OceanC. the Pacific OceanD. Pacific Oceans“I don”t like your attitude.“ “I don”t care if or not you like itB. whe

18、ther you like it or notC. do you like it or notD. you like it or not I go on holiday, I always seem to be unlucky with the weather.WhereB. HowC. WheneverD. WhileMany live in Hawaii, more thanof whose people boast on Asian orPolynesian heritage.two-thirdsB. two-thirdC. second-third D. two-threeIt is

19、the earth”s 40 mile deep crust withwe are concerned when we seekthe cause of earthquake.thatB. whatC. whichD. whomReading ComprehensionSection ADirections: There are 5passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices m

20、arkedA, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:Scientists now believe that many, if not all, living things are born with some type of hidden clock. These clocks are sometimes set by the number of

21、 hours of lightor darkness in a day, by the rhythm of the tides or by the seasons.One of the most remarkable of nature”s living clocks belongs to the fiddler crab,that familiar beach-dweller with the overgrown claw. Biologists have long known that the crab”s shell is darkest during the day, grows pa

22、le in late afternoon, then begins to darken again at daybreak. This daytime darkening is valuable forprotection against enemies and sunlight, and for many years it was thought to be a simple response by the crab to the sun-just as if we were to get a tan during the dayand lose it at night.But when a

23、n enterprising scientist placed a fiddler crab in darkness, he wasamazed to find that the color of the crab”s shell kept ticking off the time with the same accuracy.Yet another startling fact was revealed: the crab”s shell reached the darkest colorabout 50 minutes later each day. There was a second

24、clock inside the crab, for thetides also occur 50 minutes later from day to day. Moreover, even when the crabs were taken from the beach and put back in the dark, they continued their tidal rhythm. More research disclosed that a crab from Cape Cod, Massachusetts, reachedits darkest color four hours

25、earlier than the one taken from a beach on a neighboring island. The tides on the nearby island were found to be exactly four hours later than the Cape Cod tides.Birds also have built-in timepieces which send them off on fall and spring migrations. What the birds really have is a clock-like mechanis

26、m which allows themto time hours of darkness or light in each day.But what sends birds northward again in the spring? New research by Dr. AlbertWolfson of Northwestern University seems to indicate that the timing of return flightis extraordinarily complex. In the fall of the year the short days and

27、long nights cause the “clocks“ in migratory birds to undergo a kind of “winding“ in preparation for their spring return and breeding. Then during the late fall and winter as the clock “ticks“, certain physiological changes occur in the bird. The length of each day during the winter determines how fa

28、st the clock will run, and hence when the “alarm“ will ring for the spring migration. The clock continues to run through breeding time, then stops-to be re-wound again the next fall.Scientists are now learning that many of the clocks of nature can be reset, speeded up or slowed down-all for our bene

29、fit. Pioneering experiments at the U. S.Department of Agriculture”s research center in Beltsville, Maryland, have shown that plants can be helped to develop faster in less time. By increasing or lessening the hours of darkness in each day, the scientists have been able to mm plant growthoff and on l

30、ike an electric switch.New knowledge about nature”s living clocks has practical applications. For man,too, seems to follow daily rhythms. The amount of sugar in our blood stream varieswith the time of day, as does our temperature. More of the cells in our skin and muscles divide during the night hou

31、rs than during the day. By tinkering with theclocks of plants and animals, scientists may learn more about the fascinating wayour bodies work.Although scientists know that the number of hours of daylight controls theactions of some living things, they know that this is not the only factor becausethe

32、 fiddler crab”s shell reached the darkest color at the same time in CapeCod, Massachusetts and its neighboring islandthe fiddler crab continued to change color in the darkplants will not grow without sunlightall of the aboveFrom this article we conclude that these rhythms in nature occur mostspectac

33、ularly in the higher orders of living thingsin the lower orders of living thingsin birds and animalsin manScientists have learned to control to some extent the naturally rhythmicalactivities ofmigrating birdsgrowing plantsbody cellsfiddler crabsThis article is basically informationalentertaininginsp

34、irationalcontroversialQuestions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage:There are several ways of listening that net us nothing but trouble, according toDr. Ralph Nichols of the University of Minnesota. If we recognize and try to conquer them, we can step up our listening ability by about twenty

35、-five percent andthereby greatly increase our chances for success in our daily lives.Unless you are very unusual indeed, says Dr. Nichols, you must plead guilty toseveral of the following bad listening habits:Shut-Ear Listening: Maybe you feel you already know what the speaker is going to say. Or hi

36、s subject couldn”t interest you less. ou mm off your ears-and who knows what you may be missing or when a little knowledge on that subjectmay come in mighty handy? Anyway, why take the risk?Over-My-Head Listening: ou are convinced that the subject is beyond you,so you depart, at least in spirit. ou

37、may be right. And then again you may be wrong. If you let the words enter your mind, you may be surprised to discover that they make sense. But even if they are as strange as Greek to you, you should try to listen and understand. Otherwise you may find some day that you must attempt to grasp anover-

38、your-head idea and be totally unable even to try.Memory Test Listening: Some people think that trying to memorize a series of facts is good listening. They are wrong. For instance, you are getting a story for yourschool paper on an assembly speaker. He makes a series of points. ou try to memorize th

39、em. But while you are busy planting facts A, B, and C in your mind, repeating them over and over, you are losing out on facts D and E. Better to look for main ideas. You will find them more useful and easier to recall later.Take-It-All-Down Listening: When you try to get too many of the speaker”s wo

40、rds on paper, part of your mind must be concerned with your note-taking.u are unable to concentrate fully on what he is saying. ou risk losing valuable points.Where note-taking is necessary-and you may be surprised to find out how often it isn”t if you concentrate fully on listening-try to jot down

41、only a memory-jogging word or two. Or put the main ideas on paper after the speaker has finished. The morecomplete attention you give the speaker, the easier it will be to recall his ideas later.Personality Listening: ou become so concerned with the way the speakerlooks or how he talks that what he

42、says fails to penetrate. Perhaps unconsciously youdecide that a person who dresses or speaks like that can”t have much to say. That could be a very false conclusion. Who knows what you may be missing? It”s the old story: you can”t judge a gift by the package. Better to judge him after you have heard

43、him out.So there are the forces-some within ourselves, some outside-that work against us in our efforts to listen. But once we learn what they are and how to fightthem, we are well on our way to getting rid of wasteful listening habits.The author suggests that it is a serious mistaketo ignore a spea

44、ker whose subject seems to be beyond youto stop listening when the speaker”s voice is not clearto look away from the speakerto do anything physical while listeningThe author advises againsttaking notestrying to remember details rather than main ideaslistening too intentlyreviewing the material after

45、 the speech is finishedAlthough this article is directed to the listener a speaker could conclude from itthathe should never choose a controversial topiche should speak as quickly as possiblehumor is a necessary part of a good speechhis manner, actions, voice, and appearance should not attract unfav

46、orableattentionA person with several bad listening habits would be consideredby Dr.Nicholshopelessnormala difficult caselazyQuestions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:An important new industry, oil refining, grew after the Civil War. Crude oil, orpetroleum-a dark, thick ooze from the eart

47、h-had been known for hundreds of years. But little use had ever been made of it. In the 1850”s Samuel M. Kier, a manufacturer in western Pennsylvania, began collecting the oil from local see and refining it into kerosene. Refining, like smelting, is a process of removing impurities from a raw materi

48、al.Kerosene was used to light lamps. It was a cheap substitute for whale oil, whichwas becoming harder to get. Soon there was a large demand for kerosene. People began to search for new supplies of petroleum.The first oil well was drilled by E.L. Drake, a retired railroad conductor. In 1859he began

49、drilling in Titusville, Pennsylvania. The whole venture seemed so impractical and foolish that onlookers called it “Drake”s Folly.“ But when he had drilled down about 70 feet (21 meters), Drake struck oil. His well began to yield 20 barrels of crude oil a day.News of Drake”s success brought oil pros

50、pectors to the scene. By the early1860”s these wildcatters were drilling for “black gold“ all over western Pennsylvania.The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement and Wild West atmosphere. And it brought far more wealth to the prospectors than any gold rush.Crude oil could b

51、e refined into many products. For some years kerosene continued to be the principal one. It was sold in grocery stores and door-to-door. Inthe 1880”s and 1890”s refiners learned how to make other products such as waxes and lubricating oils. Petroleum was not then used to make gasoline or heating oil

52、.What is the best title for the passage?Oil Refining: A Historical PerspectiveThe California Gold Rush: Get Rich QuicklyPrivate Property: Trespassers Will Be ProsecutedKerosene Lamps: A Light in the TunnelAccording to the passage, many people initially thought that E. L. Drake hadmade a mistake bygo

53、ing on a whaling expeditionmoving to Pennsylvaniasearching for oilretiring from his jobifd: 08Why does the author mention the California gold rush?To explain the need for an increased supply of goldTo indicate the extent of United States mineral wealthTo describe the mood when oil was first discover

54、edTo argue that gold was more valuable than oilThe author mentions all of the following as possible products of crude oilEXCEPT.gasolinekerosenewaxplasticQuestions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage:Supervisors Quarterly MeetingOctober 258:32 - VP Hamilton begins the meeting and notes that

55、six people are present.8:35 - Hamilton gives quarterly performance briefing by department.Human Resources: The number of employee complaints this quarter wasvery low. Employee satisfaction events have been very successful. Accounting: Both company and customer paperwork was completed veryslowly this

56、 quarter The new Q-Form system does not work very well.Sales: Sales were down this quarter. Many new customers opened contractswith the company; however, several larger old accounts were lost.Design: Several new employees were hired this quarter and they haveproduced very good work. However, the rat

57、e of production needs to increase.8:58The meeting is opened for discussion. Sales Supervisor James suggests thatSales could design a program of benefits for loyal customers.9:02 - Accounting Supervisor Thomas says that Accounting has a program forkeeping track of customer satisfaction and offers ass

58、istance.9:12James thanks Thomas for the offer and suggests that they meet to discuss it.9:15Hamilton asks if there is any more discussion.9:17 - Hamilton adjourns the meeting.How long did the meeting last?An hour.A quarter of an hour.Three quarters of an hour.Forty minutes.How many different people

59、spoke at the meeting?Six.Three.Four.Five.Which department did not receive any criticism during the briefing?Human Resources.Accounting.Sales.Design.What problem will James try to solve before the next quarterly meeting?Work is not being produced fast enough.Paperwork is being done too slowly.More ne

60、w employees need to be hired.Loyal customers are not being satisfied.Questions 57 to 60 are based on the following passage:Only one generation ago, Mauritania”s capital city was many days” walk fromthe Sahara. Today it is in the Sahara. The sand blows through the city streets and piles up against wa