高中英語時態(tài)和語態(tài)學(xué)案

1、高中英語時態(tài)和語態(tài)教課方案高中英語時態(tài)和語態(tài)教課方案4/4高中英語時態(tài)和語態(tài)教課方案高中英語時態(tài)及語態(tài)教課方案用所給詞的適合形式填空。1WhereisTom?He_(go)tothepostoffice.Hesaidhe_(come)backsoon.2Mikesayshe_(want)tobeaworkerafterhe_(finish)school.3Thelastbus_just_(leave)whenthey_(get)tothebusstop.4He_downandbegantoreadhisnewspaper.(sit)5Light_(travel)muchfasterthanso

2、und.6He_totheradiowhenIcamein,(listen)7Look,thechildren_basketballontheplayground.(play)Whatlanguage_(speak)inthatcountry?Theapple_(taste)verysweet.Ourroommust_(keep)clean.（一）一般此刻時：見解：常常、頻頻發(fā)生的動作或行為及此刻的某種情況。時間狀語：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.基本構(gòu)造：be動

3、詞；行為動詞否認(rèn)形式：am/is/are+not;此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加dont,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesnt，同時復(fù)原行為動詞。一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首；用助動詞do發(fā)問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時，復(fù)原行為動詞。例句：Sheusuallygoestoschoolbybike.（二）一般過去時：見解：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、常常性的動作、行為。時間狀語：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month),in1989,justnow,attheageo

4、f5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.基本構(gòu)造：be動詞；行為動詞否認(rèn)形式：was/were+not;專家為動詞前加didnt，同時復(fù)原行為動詞。一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動詞do的過去式did發(fā)問，同時復(fù)原行為動詞。例句：Iwenttothebookstoreyesterday.（三）一般未來時：見解：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時間狀語：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,inafewminutes,by,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.基本構(gòu)造：

5、am/is/are/goingto+do；will+do.否認(rèn)形式：am/is/are+notgoingto+do；will+not+do.一般疑問句：be放于句首；will提到句首。例句：Itsgoingtoraintomorrow./Iwillbeadirectoroneday.（四）此刻進(jìn)行時：見解：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作及行為。時間狀語：now,atthistime,etc.基本構(gòu)造：am/is/are+doing否認(rèn)形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首。例句：Iamdoingmyhomework.（五）過去進(jìn)行時：見解：表示過去某段時

6、間或某一時辰正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動作。時間狀語：at4:00yesterday,atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when指引的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等?；緲?gòu)造：was/were+doing否認(rèn)形式：was/were+not+doing.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。例句：Iwasreadingbookswhenshecameback.（六）此刻達(dá)成時：見解：已經(jīng)發(fā)生或達(dá)成的動作對此刻造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，連續(xù)到此刻的動作或狀態(tài)。時間狀語：recently,lately,since,for,inthepast,already,e

7、ver,yet,just，sofar,uptonow,etc.基本構(gòu)造：have/has+done否認(rèn)形式：have/has+not+done.一般疑問句：have或has提到句首。例句：Ihavefinishedmyhomework.（七）過去達(dá)成時：見解：以過去某個時間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此從前發(fā)生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作從前達(dá)成的行為，即“過去的過去”。時間狀語：before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month),etc.基本構(gòu)造：had+done.否認(rèn)形式：had+not+done.例句：Hehadlearnt3000wordsbytheendofthisterm.一

8、般疑問句：had放于句首。（八）過去未來時：見解：立足于過去某一時辰，從過去看未來，常用于賓語從句中。時間狀語：thenextday(morning,year),thefollowingmonth(week),etc.基本構(gòu)造：was/were/goingto+do；would+do.否認(rèn)形式：was/were/not+goingto+do;would+not+do.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；would提到句首。例句：Theweatherreportsaiditwasgoingtosnowthenextmorning.Hetoldmethathewouldvisitmethenex

9、tday.用所給詞的適合形式填空。1He_swimmingintherivereverydayinsummer.(go)2.Ineedsomepaper.I_someforyou.(bring)Ifoundthatthestudents_(play)footballontheplayground.I_(feel)muchbetterafterI_(take)themedicine.Itisverycold.Ithinkit_.(rain)6.Ididntmeethim.He_whenIgotthere.(leave)7.Icantfindmypen.Who_it?(take)Hesaidtha

10、the_backinfiveminutes.(come)Ifit_(notrain)tomorrow,we_(go)fishing.10.I_mybike,soIhavetowalktoschool.(lose)She_(notgo)tobeduntilshe_(finish)herwork.12.Heisveryhungry.He_anythingforthreedays.(noteat)Where_you_(be)thesedays?14.Wewillgotothecinemaifit_fine.(be)15.Iwilltellherthenewswhenshe_toseemenextwe

11、ek.(come)When_you_thecar?In1998.(buy)17.We_goodfriendssincewemetatschool.（be）18.What_you_atfiveyesterdayafternoon?(do)19.Thebikeisnice.Howmuch_it_?(cost)20Theboyishappybecausehe_(sell)outallthenewspapers.21I_(notgo)tothecinemabecauseI_(see)thefilmbefore.22CouldyoutellmewhereAlice_(live)?語態(tài)表示主語和謂語的關(guān)系

12、。語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。假如主語是動作的履行者，或許是說動作是由主語達(dá)成的，要用主動語態(tài)，如：WespeakChineseinChina.；假如主語是動作的承受者，或許是說動作不是由主語而是由其余人達(dá)成的，則用被動語態(tài)，如：ChineseisspokenbyusinChina.一、主動語態(tài)改成被動語態(tài)方法把主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)特別簡單，可以依照以下幾個步驟：將主動語態(tài)的賓語作被動語態(tài)的主語；謂語動詞變成“be+及物動詞的過去分詞”，并經(jīng)過be的變化來表達(dá)出不一樣樣的時態(tài)；3主動語態(tài)的主語變成介詞by的賓語，構(gòu)成介詞短語放在被動構(gòu)造中的謂語動詞今后。（有時by的短語可以省略）；例：1.

13、Brucewritesalettereveryweek.AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.二、被動語態(tài)的用法：一般此刻時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：is/am/are+及物動詞的過去分詞一般過去時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞此刻達(dá)成時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：has/have+been+及物動詞的過去分詞Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.4.一般未來時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：will+be+及物動詞的過去分詞Manymoretreeswillbeplantednextyear.5.含有神態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：神態(tài)動詞

14、+be+及物動詞的過去分詞Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.此刻進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：am/is/are+being+及物動詞的過去分詞不定式的被動語態(tài)：to+be+及物動詞的過去分詞Therearetwobookstoberead.Therearetwentymoretreestobeplanted.三、使用被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個問題：不及物動詞無被動語態(tài)。Whatwillhappenin100years?Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.2.有些動詞用主動形式表示被動意義。Thispenwriteswell.T

15、hisnewbooksellswell.3.感官動詞或使役動詞使用省略to的動詞不定式，主動語態(tài)中不帶to，但變成被動語態(tài)時，須加上to.例：makesomebodydosomethingsomebody+be+madetodosomethingseesomebodydosomethingsomebody+be+seentodosomethingThebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.假如是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時，直接賓語（物）作主語，那么動詞后要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配

16、的動詞決定。Hegavemeabook.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.Heshowedmeaticket.Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.一些動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時，動詞短語應(yīng)該看作一個整體，而不可以扔掉此中的介詞或副詞。Wecantlaughathim.Hecantbelaughedatbyus.1.Themeal_(cook)bymymother_(taste)delicious.2.WhathappenedtoMartinyesterday?He_（hit）byacarwhenhewascrossingtheroad.Thefilm_(show)many

17、timessincelastSunday.The30thOlympicGames_(hold)inLondonin2012.Theoldhouse_(pull)downnextmonth.Thestudents_(teach)howtodotheexperimentinclassyesterday.7._thebook_(return)？8.Rice_(grow)inthesouth.9.Thewindow_(notbreak)bytheboy.10.I_(tell)he_(notcome)justnow.Anewhouse_(build)atthecorneroftheroadnow.Thereisnothingto_(see).14.Theyoungmanwa