初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題51.代詞

1、 20/20初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題51.代詞 1 初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題-代詞 代詞（pron.）代替名詞,兼有名詞和形容詞的作用 （一）代詞的類別 相互代詞each other,one another 指示代詞this,that,these,those 不定代詞（不指明特定的人或事物的代詞）each,every,both,all,either,neither,none,no,one,（a）few,（a）little,some,any,many,much,other,another 復(fù)合不定代詞everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,everyone,someone,a

2、nyone,no one,every-thing,something,anything,nothing 疑問(wèn)代詞what,who,whom,which,whose 直接代詞疑問(wèn)代詞都可作連接代詞，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。表語(yǔ)從句等。 關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose,that,which用引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 （二）代詞的用法 1.人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞和指示代詞的用法 （1）人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分，主格用來(lái)作主語(yǔ)，賓格用來(lái)作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)等。 eg. She gave me a red apple.她給了我一個(gè)紅蘋果：（She作主語(yǔ),me作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)） Kath is near him

3、.凱西靠近他。（介詞near的賓語(yǔ)） 2.物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。 形容詞性物主代詞位于名詞前：their school,his backpack 名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)干一個(gè)名詞,在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等，后面不能再接名詞。 egIt isnt my pen.Mine（=my pen）is missing.（作主語(yǔ)） I left my pen at home. You can use hers（=her pen）,（作賓語(yǔ)） “of+名詞性物主代詞”屬雙重所有格的一種形式。 eg.a cat of hers她的一條狗,a friend of yours你的一個(gè)朋友 （3）

4、反身代詞 反身代詞在句中可作同位語(yǔ)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，也可作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。 eg.A few days later,I myself had to go to Paris.（作同位語(yǔ)） She bought herself a new bag.（作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)） Hes not worried about himself.（作介詞賓語(yǔ)） 帶有反身代詞的常用短語(yǔ)。 teach oneself 自學(xué) help oneself to 隨便吃些吧say to oneself 自言自語(yǔ)。learnby oneself 自學(xué)enjoy oneself 過(guò)得愉快leave one by oneself 把某人單獨(dú)

5、留下hurt oneself 傷了自己 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 come to oneself 蘇醒過(guò)來(lái) （4）相互代詞 表示相互關(guān)系，可用作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，用法區(qū)別不大。 eg. For years, the two sisters looked after one another（each other）。多年來(lái)姐妹倆互相照顧。We should learn from each other. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)互相學(xué)習(xí)。 可以用格表示所有關(guān)系：each others, one anothers互相的，彼此的 eg.They are looking at each others pic

6、tures.他們相互看對(duì)方的照片。 （5）指示代詞 指示代詞有單復(fù)數(shù)之分，既可指物，也可用于介紹人。 eg. This is an apple tree,and that is an orange tree.這是一棵蘋果樹(shù)，那是一棵桔子樹(shù)。 These are my friends,and that is my sister.這些是我朋友，那個(gè)是我姐姐。 指示代詞可用來(lái)指上文中提到的事情： eg.Steve had a bad cold.ThisThat was why he didnt come to school yesterday. 2.不定代詞的用法 （1）each,every,bot

7、h,all,either,neither,no,none的用法 each“每個(gè)各個(gè)”（強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體），用于兩者或兩者以上。 eg.Two girls came and l gave an apple to each.來(lái)了倆姑娘，我給她們每人一個(gè)蘋果。 Each of them has a nice ring.她們每人有一枚漂亮的戒指。 every“每個(gè)各個(gè)”（強(qiáng)調(diào)全體），用于兩者以上。every常作形容詞用。 eg.Every day is important to us.每天對(duì)我們都很重要。 He has read every book（all the books）On the subject.

8、他閱讀了所有有關(guān)這個(gè)主題的書。 both表示兩者“都”（強(qiáng)調(diào)全體）。 eg.Her parents are both doctors.她父母都是醫(yī)生。 Both of them are doctors.他倆都是醫(yī)生。 They both like potatoes.他倆喜歡吃土豆。 all“全體大家一切”用于三者以上，也可接不可數(shù)名詞。 eg.Thats a ll for today.今天到此為止。 All of us are from China.我們都來(lái)自中國(guó)。 All the food is delicious.所有的食物都很好吃。 either“兩者之一”，用于兩者（強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體）。 eg

9、.The two coats are cheap,so you can choose either of them.那兩件外套不貴，你可以隨便挑一件。 neither“兩個(gè)都不”，用于否定兩者。 eg. Neither Of the books isare so interesting.那兩本書沒(méi)一本好看的。 no（=not anynot a）“沒(méi)有”可接可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)，也可接不可數(shù)名詞。 eg.I have no brothers Or sisters.我沒(méi)有兄弟姐妹。 A clock has no mouth,but it can talk. 鐘表沒(méi)有嘴，但能說(shuō)話。 There is no

10、 fire without some smoke.有火就有煙。 none“沒(méi)有一個(gè)人物”用于否定三者或三者以上的可數(shù)名詞 eg.None Of them hashave been to Japan.他們都沒(méi)去過(guò)日本。 I like none of the books.這些書我全都不喜歡。 neither和none表示完全否定；all,both,each和every（含every的復(fù)合詞）等與not連用時(shí)表示部分否定。 eg.I dont know all of you.我不完全認(rèn)識(shí)你們。 Not everyone Of us know how to go there.不是我們每個(gè)人都知道怎樣去

11、那兒。 （2）one,ones和no one的用法 one用來(lái)代替前面剛提到的一個(gè)東西或一個(gè)人,以免重復(fù)；復(fù)數(shù)ones用來(lái)代替前面提到的一些物或一些人；no one表示否定。 eg.Would you please pass me the science book？給我遞過(guò)那本科學(xué)方面的書好嗎？ 一Which one？哪一本？ 一The one on my shelf.我書架上的那本。 No one has traveled farther than to the moon.沒(méi)有人旅行遠(yuǎn)過(guò)月球。 （3）（a）few,（a）little；many,much；some,any的用法 many（+復(fù)

12、數(shù)名詞）,much（+不可數(shù)名詞）表示“許多/很多”。 eg.Many Of the students come from England.那些學(xué)生許多是從英國(guó)來(lái)的。 Thanks,its too much for me.謝謝,我承受不起。 few（+復(fù)數(shù)名詞）,little（+不可數(shù)名詞）表示“沒(méi)多很少”（表否定）。 eg,There were few people in the street last night.昨晚街上沒(méi)什么人。 I am very worried that l have little time to finish the job.我擔(dān)心，我?guī)缀鯖](méi)有時(shí)間完成這份工作了。

13、 a few（+復(fù)數(shù)名詞）,a little（+不可數(shù)名詞）表示“有一些有幾個(gè)”（表肯定）。 eg.I call see a few cakes and a little bread inthe fridge.我看到冰箱里有幾塊蛋糕和一些面包。注意：quite a few表示“相當(dāng)多” eg.There are quite a few students over there.那兒有相當(dāng)多的學(xué)生。 some（+復(fù)數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞）,any（+復(fù)數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞）表示“有一些有幾個(gè)”（表肯定）。 eg.There are some birds in the tree.樹(shù)上有些鳥(niǎo)。 There is

14、 some water in the bottle.瓶里有些水。 I dont have any brothers Of sisters.我沒(méi)有 Is there any tea in the cup？杯子里有茶嗎？ some一般用于肯定句，但在表示請(qǐng)求、建議。反問(wèn)等的疑問(wèn)句中，多用some. eg：Would you like some beer？你要不要來(lái)點(diǎn)啤酒嗎？ Why didnt you buy some sweets？（You should have bought）你怎么沒(méi)買點(diǎn)糖果？ any一般用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句及條件從句 eg.There isnt any water left.

15、沒(méi)有剩下一點(diǎn)水。 If you have any questions, put up your hands.please.如果有問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)舉手。 some+單數(shù)名詞表示“某一個(gè)”,any+單數(shù)名詞表示“隨便哪一個(gè)”或“任何一個(gè)”。 eg.Ill catch up with you some day有一天我會(huì)趕上你的。 Come any day you like.你哪天來(lái)都行。 Tom is taller than any other student in his class.湯姆比他班上其他任何一個(gè)學(xué)生都高。 one ,other, others, the others ,another等的用法

16、 1. onethe other 表示兩個(gè)人或兩件東西中的“一個(gè)另一個(gè)” eg.Mr Smith has two daughters.0ne is a teacher,the other is a nurse. 2oneanother 表示不定數(shù)目中的“一個(gè)”與“另個(gè)”。 eg. I dont want this One, please give me another. 3.one the others 強(qiáng)調(diào)在一定范圍中的“一個(gè)”與“其余的”。 eg. In Our school One Of the teachers is American,the Others are Chinese. 4

17、. some the others 表示許多人或物,不在一定范圍中的“一部分”與“其余的全部”。 eg.Some students are reading,the others are drawing pictures. others=other+名詞；the othersthe Other+名詞。 eg.Some students like traveling,others（other students）like watching TV at home. another表示“再又”時(shí)既可接單數(shù)名詞，也可接數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞。 eg. He will be able to finish his w

18、ork in another two hours.再過(guò)兩個(gè)小時(shí)他就能完成他的工作。（4）復(fù)合不定代詞的用法 復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 eg.Someone is knocking at the door.有人在敲門 修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞或其它詞要放在其后，即定語(yǔ)后置。 eg.There is something important On toda ys newspaper.今天的報(bào)紙有些重要新聞。 復(fù)合不定代詞變否定句時(shí)，要否定主語(yǔ)： eg.Something is wrong.（變?yōu)榉穸ň洌?Something isnt wrong.（錯(cuò)誤） Nothing is wr

19、ong.（正確） Somebody,someone,something一般用于肯定句；anybody,anyone,anything一般用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句及條件句。 eg.There is something new in the park.公園里有些新的景點(diǎn)。 Do you have anything interesting to tell us？你有什么有趣的事要告訴我們嗎？ 當(dāng)somebody,someone等用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，表示肯定、請(qǐng)求、建議或反問(wèn)；anybody,anyone等用在肯定句中表示“任何人”。 eg.Is someone coming this afternoon？今天下

20、午有客人來(lái)嗎？ Anyone can make mistakes. 任何人都可能犯錯(cuò)誤。 3.疑問(wèn)代詞的用法。 （1）whowhom 誰(shuí)（指人）。 作主語(yǔ)eg. Who wants to go with him？ 作賓語(yǔ)eg.WhoWhom are you waiting for？（作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)） eg.WhoWhom do you want to meet？（作動(dòng)詞meet的賓語(yǔ)） 作表語(yǔ)eg.WhoWhom are they？ （2）whose誰(shuí)的 作定語(yǔ)eg. Whose pen is this？ 作表語(yǔ)eg. Whose is this pen？ （3）which哪一個(gè),哪一些

21、作定語(yǔ)eg.Which girl is Kathy？ 作表語(yǔ)e g. Which is the boys ball？ （4）what什么 作主主語(yǔ)eg. Whats on the table？ 作賓語(yǔ)eg. What are you doing？ 作表語(yǔ)eg. What is he？ 作定語(yǔ)eg. What class are you in？ 4.關(guān)系代詞的用法 關(guān)系代詞用來(lái)引起定語(yǔ)從句，它一方面代表定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的那個(gè)名詞或代詞，另方面又在從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。 egThis is the man who gave me the book. 這就是給我書的那個(gè)人。 The money that

22、which is on the table is mine. 桌上的錢是我的。 The money thatwhich my mother gave me is on the table. 我媽媽給我的錢在桌上。 代詞-練習(xí)題 1 ( ) 1 Though it rained heavily, _ were still playing on the playground. A. they B. them C. their D. themselves ( ) 2 Tom and _ will go to see our teacher, for _ is ill. A. I; she. B. m

23、e; she C. I; her D. me; her ( ) 3 Is_a boy or girl? A. she B. he C. one D. it ( ) 4 Only_know it. A. I and he B. he and you C. he and I D. I and you 2 ( ) 1 I saw_ playing in the street at that time. A. them B. they C. their D. theirs 2 Jim will give_ a short talk tomorrow. A. we B. us C. our D. our

24、s ( ) 3 Please ask_ not to skate on the thin ice. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs ( ) 4 The pen is hers. Pass it to_, please. A. her B. she C. hers D. herself ( ) 5 Let me go and give the coat to_. A. he B. his C. himself D. him ( ) 6 They asked_ to do the work. A. you, he and I B. you, him and m

25、e C. I, you and he D. me, you and him 3 ( ) 1 Whos that at the door? _ is the postman. A. She B. This C. It D. He ( ) 2 -Whos that in the picture? A. Its me B. Thats I C. This is a boy D. Its I ( ) 3 -Look, who is coming? -_ must be our English teacher. A. She B. He C. It D. This ( ) 4 Someone is kn

26、ocking at the door, but who can_ be? A. one B. he C. she D. it 4 ( ) 1 _ was late summer and the weather was very hot. A. That B. It C. This D. Its ( ) 2 What time is _ now? A it B. all C. this D: that ( ) 3 _ a heavy rain last night. A. There had B. We had C. It was D. There is ( ) 4 _ is 200 kilom

27、etres from here to the natural park. We have to go there by car. A. There B. It C. This D. The place 5 ( ) 1 The bird built_ nest in the tree. A. its B. hers C. hers D. its ( ) 2 Have you seen_pen, a black one? A. these B. my C. you D. hers 3 Sorry I have forgot _ telephone number. A. yours B. him C

28、. you D. his 6 ( ) I The bear was shot in_ head. ? A. the B. its C. a D. this ( ) 2 The old man took the girl by _ hand and they went down the street. A. her B. a C. the D. that ( ) 3 He apologized to me for hitting me_ face. A. on the B. at the C. in the D. in my 7 ( ) T Our room is big, but_ is bi

29、gger than_. A. their; our B. their; ours C. theirs; ours D. theirs; our ( ) 2 They arent our books. Are they_? A. your B. his C. her D. their ( ) 3 Our room is bigger than _. A. you B. your C. yours D. her ( ) 4 You have a good room, I should say. But its not as big as_. A. I B. my C. me D. mine 8 (

30、 ) 1 _ is the best season of the year? A. When B. What C. Which D. What time ( ) 2 o-_ is your sister? -She is a nurse. A. What B. Which C. How D. Who ( ) 3 -_ colour are your new shoes? -They are brown. A. Any B. Whose C. Which D. What ( ) 4 -_ is your classmate John like? -Hes very tall. A. How B.

31、 What C. Who D. Which 9) ( )1 _ has happened and _ did it? A. Who; who B. What; who C. What; what D. Who; what ( ) 2 Who waiting outside? Please ask them to come in. A. is B. has C. have D. are 10 ( ) 1 -_ is that man over there? -Hes Mr Green. A. What B. Which C. How D. Who ( ) 2 -_ is the boy stan

32、ding there? -He is my brother. A. Which B. What C. How D. Who ( ) 3 Who _ the little American boy over there? A. were B. are C. is D.1 am ( )4 Who_these tall men? A. is B. am C. are D. was 11 ( ) 1 _ one do you like, the blue one or the red one? A. What B. Which C. That D. This ( ) 2 -_ is bigger? -

33、The yellow one. A. who B. whom C. which D. It ( ) 3 _ of you would like to go with us? A. Who B. Which C. All D. Both 12 ( ) 1 -_ bag is this? -Its Jacks.A. What B. Which C. Whose D. Whos ( ) 2 -_ pencils are these? -They are theirs. A. Which B. Whose C. / D. These ( ) 3 _ house is being repaired? A

34、. hat B. Where C. Who D. Whose 13 ( ) 1 Please find out _ he is looking after at home. A. who B. which C. whom D. when ( ) 2 _ do you think you should help? A. Whose B. Which C. What D. Whom ( ) 3 He told me _ he was sent for. A. whom B. that C. both D. where 14 ( ) 1 We _ at the party last Sunday.

35、A. enjoyed myself B. enjoyed ourselves C. enjoy myself D. enjoyed ourself ( ) 2 Make_at home. he said to his friends. A. yourself B. yourselves C. you D. yours ( ) 3 Let Tony do it by_. He is no longer a kid A. him B. his C. himself D. he ( ) 4 You are twelve now. _ must look after_. A. You; yoursel

36、f B. Your; yourself C. You; your D. Youre; yourself ( )5 She and her mother enjoyed _ at the party. A. her B. them C. herself D. themselves 15 ( ) 1 He and she are exactly as tall as_. A. themselves B. them C. their D. each other ( ) 2 People usually put small presents in _ stocking on Christmas Eve

37、. A. each other B. each others C. each others D. each others ( ) 3 The students often help_. A. one the other B. each the other C. one another D. two another 16 ( )1.This blue suit looks better than the green _. A. / B. one C. suits D. ones ( ) 2 -How many apples did your mother give you, Lucy or Li

38、ly? A. Each one B. One each C. One everyone D. One more ( ) 3 -Have you a computer? -Yes, I have a good_. A. some B. one C. it D. that ( ) 4 He has one blue pen and two red_. A. ones B. those C. one D. ones ( ) 5 Is this story as interesting as_ A. the one B. some ones C. that one D. one 17 ( ) 1 -I

39、ll show you how to throw a frisby. Throw _ like _ A. it; this B. this; it C. it; it D. this; this ( ) 2 -What colour is this? A. its a red B. This is red C. Its red D. Its a red colour ( ) 3 There is a pen on the table. Pass _ to me, please. A. this B. that C. it. D. which 18 ( ) 1.There are shops o

40、n _ side of the street._ of them do not close till 12 at night. A. both; All B. every; None C. either; Some D. other; Many ( ) 2 The boy runs faster than_ in his class., A. any of the boy B. any boys C. any other boy D. all the boys ( ) 3 Tom is stronger than _ in his class. A. any students B. other

41、 student C. any other student D. any other students ( ) 4 There is not _ meat in my bowl. There is _ chicken in it. A. some; any B. any; some C. any; any D. some; some ( ) 5 -I have forgotten my bread. -Never mind, you can have_. A. some of us B. some of our C. some of ours D. many of ours ( ) 6 -Is

42、 there _ tea in that green cup? -Yes, there is_. A. the; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; some 19 ( ) 1 Could you do_for me, please? A.everything B.nothing C. something D. anything ( ) 2 The bottle is empty. There is_ in it. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything ( ) 3 -Turn off the

43、TV, Betty. _ is watching it. -Oh, no. Mum. Im watching it now. A. somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody D. Anybody ( ) 4 -Did you find _ in the room? -No, we found _ there. A. anybody; nobody B. somebody; everybody C. anybody; somebody D. everybody; anybody ( ) 5 I have a lot of work to do. 1 have_ time t

44、o play. A. not B. any C. no D. some ( ) 6 As we know, he is_fool. A. not B. no a C. not an D. no 20 ( ) 1 I asked him for some oil, but he hadnt _. A. some B. any C. anything D. no ( ) 2 _ of the four roads will take you to the hospital. A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. Any ( ) 3 Would you lend me of

45、 your money? A. some B. lot C. a few D. any ( ) 4 Would you like_more coffee? A. little B. any C. some D. another ( ) 5 -Have you any books on radio? -Id like to borrow _. A. those B. some C. them D. it 21 ( ) 1 Listen to me. I have_ to tell you. A. anything new B. something new C. new something D.

46、nothing new ( ) 2 By the way, is there _ in todays newspaper? A. something new o B. anything new C. new something D. new anything ( ) 3 Please be quiet. I have_ to tell you. A. important something B. nothing important C. important anything D. something important ( ) 4 Im not busy. I havent _ to do.

47、A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything ( ) 5 _ has happened, I want you to tell me about it. A. Something B. Everything C. Anything D. Nothing 22 ( ) 1 Yesterday morning _ boy broke into the garden. A. any B. some C. many D. much ( ) 2 _ twenty boys were playing football at that time yest

48、erday. A. Each B. Some C. No one D. Neither ( ) 3 Now I have _ questions. Lets go to ask our teacher. A. any B. much C. some D. a lot 23 ( ) 1 If you like these apples, you can take_. A. any B. a lot C. that . D. this ( ) 2 I will do_for my motherland. A. anything B. many C. much D. something ( ) 3

49、-Did they find _ in the park? -No, they found_there. A. anybody; nobody B. somebody; everybody C. anybody; somebody D. everybody; anybody 24 ( ) 1 I dont know_ of these people, for they are new workers. A. any B. some C. one D. much ( ) 2 He didnt take _ one. They are all here. A. many B. any C. a l

50、ittle D. that ( ) 3 1 havent read_ of the books. A few of the books are too difficult for me to read. A. any B. some C. two D. both 25 ( ) 1 Can I have_bottle of orange, please? A. another B. other C. others D. the others ( ) 2 There are forty-four students in Class One. Nineteen of them are boys,_

51、are girls. A. the other B. the others C. others D. some others ( ) 3 Mr Smith has two sons. _ is a soldier, _ is a doctor. A. One; another B. One; other C. This; the other D. One; the other ( ) 4 There are many people in the park now. Some are boating. _ are walking along the lake. A. the other B. o

52、ther C. the others D. others ( ) 5 The glass is broken. Go and get_ . A. other B. another one C. .others D. the other ( ) 6 I borrowed two books. _ is in English, and_ is in Chinese. A. It; another B. One; another C. The one; another D. One; the other 26 ( ) 1 _ of them has an English dictionary. A.

53、 Every B. All C. Both D. Each ( ) 2 There are lots of English books here, and _ of them is easy to understand. A. both B. all . C. every D. each ( ) 3 I didnt know that you_would_there. A. be; all B. all; be C. are; all D: all; are ( ) 4 -Are these two books interesting? -Yes, _ of them are interest

54、ing. A. both B. all C. either D. neither 27 ( ) 1 He couldnt make himself understood because _ of us knew what he said. A. none B. no C. nobody D. not ( ) 2 I didnt like the cross talk. _ of the actors was funny. A. Both B. All C. Neither D. Either ( ) 3 _ of them is good at singing. A. Both B. All C. No one D. Neither ( ) 4 -Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk? -_, thanks.