英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型(共35張)課件

1、英語(yǔ)的基本句型 英語(yǔ)的基本句型 01課堂導(dǎo)入01課堂導(dǎo)入課堂導(dǎo)入什么叫簡(jiǎn)單句？課堂導(dǎo)入什么叫簡(jiǎn)單句？有謂語(yǔ)!有主語(yǔ)!有形容詞!想一下？有謂語(yǔ)!有主語(yǔ)!有形容詞!想一下？02知識(shí)梳理02知識(shí)梳理1. 主語(yǔ) ( Subject )表示句子說(shuō)的是“什么人” 或 “什么事”。通常由名詞、代詞、主語(yǔ)從句或doing短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。例如： 1. My teacher hates telling lies. （指老師這個(gè)人） 2. Great changes have taken place in China in the past thirty years.所發(fā)生的事情 變化）1. 主語(yǔ) ( Subject

2、)表示句子說(shuō)的是“什么人” 2. 謂語(yǔ) ( Predicate ) 說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)“做什么” “是什么” 或 “怎么樣”。 通常由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)合時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣等充當(dāng)。 要弄清兩個(gè)概念： 及物動(dòng)詞：后面直接接賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞； 不及物動(dòng)詞：后面不能直接接賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。例如： 1. Children like playing games. 2. They were talking about a new film.2. 謂語(yǔ) ( Predicate ) 說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)“做什么” 3. 賓語(yǔ) ( Object )常指及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后面使之意思完整的詞或短語(yǔ)。常由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或doing短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。例如：

3、1. She has finished doing the experiment.2. We like English and are good at it.3. 賓語(yǔ) ( Object )常指及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后面使之意4. 表語(yǔ) ( Predicative )與系動(dòng)詞連用，一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)特征等。常由名詞、代詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、短語(yǔ)或從句等充當(dāng)。英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的連系動(dòng)詞有: look; sound; feel; seem等。例如：1. Her grandfather is an engineer.2. The two countries were at war then.3. The f

4、act seems that he didnt notice the car.4. 表語(yǔ) ( Predicative )與系動(dòng)詞連用，一起5. 定語(yǔ) ( Attributive )常指修飾名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)。常由形容詞、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。例如：1. The black sweater is mine.2. We have eight classes every day.3. The coffee cup on the table is mine.5. 定語(yǔ) ( Attributive )常指修飾名詞的詞或6. 狀語(yǔ) ( Adverbial )

5、常指修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞的成分，修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的或方式等；修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)表示它們的程度等。狀語(yǔ)常由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。例如：1. The miners work very hard.2. She often helps Mike at school.3. Hearing the news, he couldnt help jumping.6. 狀語(yǔ) ( Adverbial )常指修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或7. 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) ( Object Complement )常指補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的成分，邏輯上與賓語(yǔ)是“主謂”關(guān)系。常由形容詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不

6、定式或分詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。例如：1. She keeps the house clean every day.2. Nobody calls me a liar.3. We last saw him playing on the playground.7. 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) ( Object Complement )02知識(shí)梳理02知識(shí)梳理五種基本句型主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞 Everybody smiled.2. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)He knows everything.3. 主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)I showed him my passport.4. 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)The boy look

7、s healthy.5. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)What made you angry?祈使句的主語(yǔ)一般都省略掉五種基本句型主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞祈使句的主語(yǔ)一般都省略掉一 主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞1.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞The sun is rising.It will snow.Can you fly?2.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞+狀語(yǔ)Did you sleep well?She often dreams.You go first and I will follow behind.一 主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞1.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞2.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)3. 主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞+副詞(構(gòu)成成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)The engine br

8、oke down.How did the accident come about?The bomb blew up.4.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞(有被動(dòng)意思)Is the book selling well?Does this cloth wash well?3. 主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞+副詞(構(gòu)成成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)4.主語(yǔ)+不及物二主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)1.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+名詞(代詞)Do you know them?He loved ice-cream.2. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+反身代詞Now I will introduce myself.They blamed themselves for the acciden

9、t.二主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)1.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+名詞(代詞)2.3. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+不定式(做賓語(yǔ))We cant afford to pay such a price.You must try to improve.He forgot which way to go.4.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+doing(做賓語(yǔ))Would you mind waiting for a few minutes?I prefer standing.I propose resting for half an hour.3. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+不定式(做賓語(yǔ))5.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+從句 (做賓語(yǔ))He claimed tha

10、t he saw the accident.I suggested (that) we (should) leave early.Do you see why I did it?She asked if she might call and see me.Ill do what I can.I dont remember when that happened.英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型(共35張ppt)三主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)1.主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+人+物She gave me her telephone number. (to)Ill make you some fresh tea.

11、(for)They bought him a new bike.2.主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+人+從句I have warned him that it is not allowed.She showed me where her leg hurt.Tell me whatever you know about it.三主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)1.主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+人間接賓語(yǔ)前需要加to 的常用動(dòng)詞有： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, sell, send, show, teach, tell ,wish, read, write等。 間接賓

12、語(yǔ)前需要加for 的常用動(dòng)詞有： buy, make, order, paint, play(演奏)， choose, sing,等。 間接賓語(yǔ)前需要加to 的常用動(dòng)詞有：四主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)1.感官類：feel ,look, sound, taste, smell. 2.變化類：grow, become, turn, get, go3.其他類：come true, fall ill , stay calm, keep fit, remain seated, stand still seem sad, appear rich, prove useful四主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)1.感官類：feel

13、,look, s1.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞How are you? Im fine.He has fallen ill.They kept silent.2.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+名詞His dream has at last become a reality.He appeared a fool.It sounds a good idea.1.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞3.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+副詞Is Helen in?Summer is over.The light is on.4.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+介詞短語(yǔ)You know what you are after.Keep off the grass.The stu

14、dents are in favour of reform.5.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+不定式His plan is to keep it secret.The only thing now is to take a taxi.3.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+副詞6.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+doingMy job is repairing cars.Talking to him is talking to a wall.His hobby is playing chess.7.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句My opinion is that the plan wont work.The question is what you wa

15、nt to do.Thats where we differ.Thats how I look at it.The problem is who can be put in charge.6.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+doing8.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞短語(yǔ)She is fond of this country.I was sick of lying in bed.They seem delighted with the result.9.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+不定式（原因狀語(yǔ)）Im happy to meet you.She was eager to see her people.10.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞

16、+形容詞+賓語(yǔ)從句Im glad you have come.Were not clear what theyre up to.I am not certain who he is.Hes doubtful whether he can afford it.8.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞短語(yǔ)五.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)1.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞I thought her so nice and sincere.They didnt believe such a thing possible.You must make the classroom clean.2.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+名

17、詞They called their daughter Mary.We elected Smith our chairman.五.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)1.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+形容3.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+介詞短語(yǔ)He put his books in order.This placed her in a very difficult position.She was placed in a very difficult position.4.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+副詞She wished herself home.Dont leave me behind.5.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定

18、式What do you advise me to do?I wish you to be happy.The teachers encourage us to keep trying.3.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+介詞短語(yǔ)6.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不帶to的不定式We cant let this go on.Did you notice him come in?7.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+doingI saw her chatting with Nancy.I found a boy sleeping in class .You mustnt leave the lights burning.8.

19、主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞He had his hair cut yesterday.You must make yourself respected.You have to get the computer repaired.6.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不帶to的不定式03課堂練習(xí)03課堂練習(xí)練習(xí):判斷下面的句子是哪種句型1. Your sister dances beautifully.2. They proved that the earth was round.3. This food looks inviting.4. Doing that would be playing with fire.主謂主謂賓主系表主謂賓主謂主謂賓主系表主謂賓5.They kept their room tidy and clean.6.He played happily.7.I advise waiting till tomorrow morning8.Show me what you bought.9.She never doubted that she was right.10.Good food keeps you healthy.主謂賓賓補(bǔ)主謂主謂賓主謂雙賓主謂賓主謂賓賓補(bǔ)5.They kept their room tidy an11.The palaces w