2023版高三一輪總復(fù)習(xí)英語（譯林版）語法考點突破教案

1、板塊一詞形的變換第1講名詞和數(shù)詞前沿最新動態(tài)題型高考典題試做語法填空1(2021新高考卷) The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans (human) are.2(2021全國甲卷) Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers (watchtower) to take pictures or just to wat

2、ch the local people going about their daily routines. 3(2020浙江卷)Later, they learned to work with the seasons (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.4(2020浙江卷1月)For Japan，the numbers (number) are more striking22 in 1950, 46 to

3、day and 53 in 2050.5(2018全國卷)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes (cause)命題角度解讀1給出名詞的單數(shù)形式，考查其復(fù)數(shù)形式；2給出數(shù)詞的基數(shù)詞，考查其序數(shù)詞。短文改錯1(2021全國乙卷)I always assist

4、my parents in doing the dish after meals.dishdishes2(2021全國甲卷)Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because theyre of the same age and can understand each other.friendfriends3(2020全國卷)Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. chopstickchopsticks

5、4(2020全國卷)Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. vacationsvacation1可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的錯用；2可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的誤用；3名詞與名詞所有格的誤用；4序數(shù)詞和基數(shù)詞的誤用?？键c一名詞的數(shù)eq avs4al(題組試做).單句語法填空1The paper was used for sealing up holes in walls and roofs (roof) in the cold and freezing winter. 2The pianos (piano) in the other

6、shop will be cheaper，but they are not as good.3Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves (wolf) would kill their farm animals or pets.4I spent ten minutes walking up and down the high street, desperately avoiding eye contact with passersby (passerby)5An ant has two stomachs (stom

7、ach). One holds the food for itself and the other is for food to be given to other ants.單句改錯6(2021太原階段測評)It is one of the official language of the United Nations to develop more effective communication.languagelanguages7(2021合肥第一次質(zhì)量檢測)My favourite sport is swimming, so I decided to go swimming in th

8、e sea one afternoon with my friend, Wang Fei and Li Lei.friendfriendseq avs4al(要點解讀)一、名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化變化規(guī)則例詞一般情況加smapmaps；girlgirls；househouses；mouthmouths以th結(jié)尾的，加smonthmonths；truthtruths以s，x，sh，ch結(jié)尾的，加esclassclasses；boxboxes；brushbrushes；matchmatches但是stomach(胃)的復(fù)數(shù)是stomachs；ox(公牛)的復(fù)數(shù)是oxen“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的，變y為

9、i加escitycities；countrycountries；partyparties；factoryfactories注意：以元音字母y結(jié)尾的則直接加s，如boyboys；toytoys以“輔音字母o”結(jié)尾的，一般加estomatotomatoes；potatopotatoes；heroheroes；NegroNegroes；mangomangoes注意：1少數(shù)名詞加s或es均可，如volcanovolcano(e)s；mosquitomosquito(e)s2少數(shù)名詞只加s，如pianopianos；photophotos以“元音字母o”結(jié)尾的，加sradioradios；zoozoos

10、；bamboobamboos以f，fe結(jié)尾的，通常變f或fe為v，再加eshalfhalves；leafleaves；shelfshelves；thiefthieves；wolfwolves；wifewives；lifelives；knifeknives但是也有的直接加s，如roofroofs；chiefchiefs；還有有兩種復(fù)數(shù)形式的，如handkerchiefhandkerchiefs/handkerchieves合成名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時，通常只將里面所含的主體名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)，如果沒有主體名詞，則將最后一部分變成復(fù)數(shù)soninlawsonsinlawpasserbypassersbystoryte

11、llerstorytellersgobetweengobetweensgrownupgrownups二、名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化變化情況例詞特殊變化childchildren；footfeet；toothteeth；mousemice；manmen；womanwomen注意：由man或woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是men和women，如an Englishmantwo Englishmen；但German不是合成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)有不同的拼寫方法細菌bacterium(單數(shù))bacteria(復(fù)數(shù))；資料、數(shù)據(jù)datum(單數(shù))data(復(fù)數(shù))；現(xiàn)象phe

12、nomenon(單數(shù))phenomena(復(fù)數(shù))考點二名詞的所有格eq avs4al(題組試做).單句語法填空1In addition, the hostess (hostess) cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.2The article concludes that parents (parents) education affects their childrens future.3“ Todays (today) story is about the succe

13、ss of a poor child，”the teacher said.4Wed better stay in a hotel that is just a stones (stone) throw from the railway station for the sake of convenience.5Studies show that a childs (child) character is greatly influenced by his/her home environment.單句改錯6But with my teammates encouragement, I was ab

14、le to communicate smoothly with them.teammatesteammates7My father new book, which is to be published next week, is sure to be another hit.fatherfathers8I deleted an afternoon work on the computer by mistake, which made me annoyed.afternoonafternoonseq avs4al(要點解讀)名詞的所有格1有生命的名詞，其所有格一般在名詞后加s。his fathe

15、rs boss 他爸爸的老板2表示時間、城市、地域、團體、機構(gòu)等無生命的事物后也可加s，表示其所有格。todays paper 今天的報紙Englands shore 英國的海岸the cars design 這輛車的設(shè)計3在某些習(xí)慣用語中，也需要加s所有格。a stones throw 近在咫尺keep sb. at arms length 與某人保持距離；不親近某人be at ones wits end 黔驢技窮4如果一樣?xùn)|西為兩個人共有，則只在后一個名詞后加s，如果不是共有的則兩個名詞后都要加s。Jane and Marys mother 簡和瑪麗的媽媽(共有，暗示簡和瑪麗是姐妹關(guān)系)J

16、anes and Marys mothers 簡的媽媽和瑪麗的媽媽(不是共有，分別指兩位媽媽)5雙重所有格：“a/two/some.名詞of名詞s/名詞性物主代詞”構(gòu)成雙重所有格，“of名詞所有格”中的名詞必須表示人，不能表示事物。a friend of her mothers 她媽媽的一個朋友two photos of hers 她的兩張照片考點三數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞eq avs4al(題組試做).單句語法填空1Its celebrations happened as early as the fifth (five) century.2The elevator broke down and

17、we had to walk up to the tenth (ten) floor.3Saturn is the second (two) biggest planet in the solar system.4Each year, hundreds (hundred) of the animals are killed for their fur.5Im a frequent traveller and I eat out twice (two) a day.6It has been snowing, roughly every third (three) day, for as long

18、 as Ive had the flu.單句改錯7In the twenty century，local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals.twentytwentieth8Today, experts believe that nearly twothird of the worlds population live within eighty kilometers of the seacoast.twothirdtwothirds9Some men are old at sixtyfive; others

19、 are still as lively as crickets in their ninety.ninetyninetieseq avs4al(要點解讀)一、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞1表數(shù)量的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞，如one, two, three.2表順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞，如first, second, third, fourth, fifth.二、基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的規(guī)則1一二三要單獨記：onefirst, two second, three third2th要從四加起：four fourth, five fifth.3eight少個t：eight eighth4nine刪除e：nine ninth5ve用f來代

20、替：five fifth, twelve twelfth6ty變成tie：twenty twentieth三、序數(shù)詞的使用1序數(shù)詞在句中主要作定語，一般情況下序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞。Monday is the second day of a week. 星期一是一周的第二天。2序數(shù)詞前有時加不定冠詞，表示“又一、再一”，相當于another。Would you like a second cup of tea? 你還想再來一杯茶嗎？I had a third apple.我(吃了兩個蘋果后)又吃了一個蘋果。3first, second等有時可表示一批人或物。The first milu deer

21、came from China in the 1860s.最早的一批麋鹿是在十九世紀六十年代從中國引進的。四、分數(shù)：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞；分子大于1，分母用復(fù)數(shù)1/3: one third；2/5: two fifths第2講形容詞、副詞的比較等級前沿最新動態(tài)題型高考典題試做語法填空1(2021新高考卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets，the hotter (hot)the spring!2(2021全國甲卷)After spending some time lookin

22、g at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better (good) than to ride on a piece of history!3(2020全國卷) One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (畫像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their finest (fine) work, so that he c

23、ould choose the best.4(2018全國卷)He screams the loudest (loud) of all.5(2017全國卷)Even worse (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.命題角度解讀給出形容詞、副詞，考查其比較級或最高級形式。短文改錯1(2021全國乙卷)Whats most, doing housework can be a form of.mostmore2(2020全國卷)See you sooner. soonersoon3(2018全國卷)I was afraid t

24、o speak in front of a larger group of people.largerlarge形容詞、副詞的原級、比較級和最高級形式的誤用?？键c一形容詞的比較等級eq avs4al(題組試做).單句語法填空1He does not think that his beliefs make him any worse (bad) than any other man. 2Maybe it is because the first impression is the strongest (strong) that China Daily has become one part of

25、 my life.3The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be sweeter (sweet)4The bigger (big) the activity inequality of a country is, the higher its rate of obesity will be.5Of the two lectures, the first was by far the better (good), partly because the speaker had

26、 an extraordinary style.6Mobile phones are making our life easier (easy), but have reduced the need for facetoface communication.7Hes the best teacher in this school, even though he has the least (little) experience.8MinKyu Choi, 29, had bought the worlds thinnest (thin) laptop, advertised as being

27、slim enough to fit in an envelope.單句改錯9(2021成都摸底)But sometimes the more we add，the bad our life becomes.badworse10In South Africa more than 1，000 rhinos get killed each year, which leads to the species having a much small population.smallsmaller11The dry the air becomes, the more easily people tend

28、to feel thirsty. drydrier12In the beginning, only three colors were usedred, white, and black. Now, many colors, such as yellow, purple, blue and green, are used for facial painting.manymore13This shirts neck is too small for me. Have you got one with a far big neck?bigbigger14There are less boys th

29、an girls in our multiculture association.lessfewer15I will purchase as more delicate a wallet as hers，if my salary increases by 15 percent.刪除moreeq avs4al(要點解讀)一、形容詞比較等級的規(guī)則變化變化規(guī)則例詞單音節(jié)的詞，一般在后面加er和esttalltallertallestquickquickerquickest以“輔音字母e”結(jié)尾的詞，在后面加r和stwidewiderwidestfinefinerfinest以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的詞，變

30、y為i，再加er和esteasyeasiereasiestheavyheavierheaviest以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er和estthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottest以ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，多半加er和estnarrownarrowernarrowest多音節(jié)詞在前面加more和mostattractivemore attractivemost attractive易錯提醒有少數(shù)幾個雙音節(jié)以及er，le結(jié)尾的詞，既可以加er和est，又可以加more和most構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。如：common，clever，simple，s

31、tupid等。二、形容詞比較等級的不規(guī)則變化goodbetterbest；bad/illworseworst；many/much moremost；oldolder/elderoldest/eldest；littlelessleast考點二副詞的比較等級eq avs4al(題組試做).單句語法填空1Youll have to speak louder (loud)I cant hear you.2The new group of students is betterbehaved than the other group who stayed here earlier (early)3Li H

32、ua did very well in the examination, and I did no worse (badly), gaining 98 marks.4The detective said，“We must catch the kidnapper. The sooner (soon) the better.”5At first sight it looked less (little) like a capital city than a mining camp.6Stay farthest (far) from the door if you will be the last

33、person to step out of the elevator. 7Salesmen and waiters are two of the most (much) common jobs that students try to find during the summer months.8I know my sister better (well) than anyone else. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.單句改錯9If there were no examinations, we should hav

34、e a more happier time. moremuch10He went to bed late than usual last night as he had a lot more work to do.latelater11After such a long and tough journey, my strength gave out and I couldnt walk any far.farfarther12For another, 5G will connect our devices efficiently than 4G, which makes Internet co

35、verage much wider.efficiently前加moreeq avs4al(要點解讀)一、副詞比較等級的規(guī)則變化變化規(guī)則例詞單音節(jié)詞，一般在后面加er和estfastfasterfastesthardharderhardest以“輔音字母e”結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞，在后面加r和stlatelaterlatest以ly結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，變y為i，再加er和estearlyearlierearliest其他雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞在前面加more和mostquicklymore quicklymost quicklyhappilymore happilymost happily二、副詞比較等級的不規(guī)則

36、變化wellbetterbest; badlyworseworst; muchmoremost; littleless least; farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest第3講人稱代詞前沿最新動態(tài)題型高考典題試做語法填空1(2021新高考卷)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitors memory. It sure does in mine (I)2(2021全國乙卷)Ecotouris

37、m has its (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.3(2020新高考卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模擬) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.4(2018全國卷)When the gorillas and I frighte

38、ned each other, I was just glad to find them (they) alive.命題角度解讀給出人稱代詞的主格形式，考查其賓格、所有格形式或反身代詞；有時考查形容詞性物主代詞。短文改錯1(2021全國甲卷)Only a few choose to deal with the problems on our own.ourtheir2(2020全國卷)Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into the pan together. “Not that way，”my mom tried to stop us

39、but failed.usme3(2020全國卷)Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. yoursyour/you人稱代詞主格、賓格、所有格及反身代詞的誤用?？键c一主格代詞、賓格代詞、反身代詞eq avs4al(題組試做).單句語法填空1Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to myself (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”. 2Like university students, US high school studen

40、ts have the freedom to choose the courses that most interest them (they)3On my desk is a photo that my father took of me (I) when I was a baby.4If our parents do everything for us (we) children, we wont learn to depend on ourselves.5Our neighbors gave us a baby bird yesterday that hurt itself (it) w

41、hen it fell off its nest.6That evening I went to hear him (he) speak and was very impressed by his passion.單句改錯7(2021大同學(xué)情調(diào)研)Performers tend to use our body movements to represent actions.ourtheir8It seemed that their equipment didnt work. A young man came up into the crowd and offered to examine the

42、m.themit9In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment which is created for them.yourselvesthemselves10Most of the kids these days have no one to tell their whats right and wrong.theirthemeq avs4al(要點解讀)分類單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱代詞主格Iyouhe，she，itweyouthey賓格meyouhim

43、，her，itusyouthem反身代詞myselfyourselfhimself，herself，itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves考點二形容詞性與名詞性物主代詞eq avs4al(題組試做).單句語法填空1Their (they) job is to find bamboos in the city and return them to the countryside.2On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by its (it) mot

44、her.3People in western countries have a lifestyle quite different from ours (we)4Nicky and I both have red hair but hers (she) is lighter than mine.5Apart from a few grammatical mistakes, this composition of yours (you) is well written.6The lawyer said, “This child is nobodys child until someone mak

45、es her theirs (their) officially.”7The President betrayed them when he went back on his (he) promise not to raise taxes.8You can get a new set of tools, or else you may use mine (I) for the time being.單句改錯9(2021南陽模擬)Just then, a woman came, saying that the dog was her and that I could take it away a

46、s she had some more dogs at home.herhers10I truly do not expect a war between my country and your.youryours11She scanned the list of names to see if her was on it.herherseq avs4al(要點解讀)分類單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱物主代詞形容詞性myyourhis，her，itsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshis，hers，itsoursyourstheirs板塊二詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換第

47、1講名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞、名詞或動詞前沿最新動態(tài)題型高考典題試做語法填空1(2020全國卷)The beautiful (beauty) long branches covered with pinkcolored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.2(2020新高考卷)In the 18th and 19th centuries, wealthy (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.3But then we got an off

48、icial letter and we were blown away.We are so proud of her.Its wonderful(wonder)4(2019全國卷)They also shared with us many traditional (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were.5(2018全國卷)Im a scientist (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.6(2018全國卷) To avoid knee pain，you can run on

49、soft surfaces，do exercises to strengthen (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes.命題角度解讀1給出名詞，考查其派生出的形容詞形式；2給出名詞，考查其派生出的另一名詞形式；3給出名詞，考查其派生出的動詞形式。短文改錯1(2019全國卷)To everyones surprising, the ball went into the net.surprisingsurprise2(2017全國卷)I enjoyed studying difference k

50、inds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the latest music albums.differencedifferent名詞與形容詞的誤用?？键c一名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞eq avs4al(題組試做).單句語法填空1According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global (globe) fertilizer consumption. 2Its never too early to make necessary prep

51、arations for a healthy and meaningful (meaning) college experience.3British Prime Minister paid an official (office) visit to China from Jan.31 to Feb.2.4He put his ear to the floor and heard angry (anger) shouts, but no words were distinguishable. 5The policy was rejected in favour of a more cautio

52、us (caution) approach.6She feels guilty (guilt) about spending less time lately with her two kids.7There can be no doubt that you will succeed in your scientific (science) research.8The US. is sending additional (addition) troops to the region where violence occurs frequently.9It is fashionable (fas

53、hion) to have short hair nowadays.10Unless you respect other peoples religions, horrible (horror) mistakes and conflicts will occur.單句改錯11(2021成都第三次診斷性檢測)Since then，to know myself has become an importance part of my life.importanceimportant12The traffic at the corner of the street is very danger for

54、 the school children. dangerdangerous13My little grandson is no trouble at all, but his 6yearold elder sister is rude and self.selfselfish14I count myself luck to have met the professor, who plays a vital role in my career. luckluckyeq avs4al(要點解讀)名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞后綴例詞alcentrecentral在中心的；中央的originoriginal原來的

55、；起初的crimecriminal 刑事的；犯罪的practicepractical 實際的edgiftgifted有智慧的talenttalented有才能的；天才的ialofficeofficial 官方的；正式的facefacial 面部的raceracial 種族的financefinancial 金融的industryindustrial 工業(yè)的influenceinfluential 有影響的fulpeacepeaceful和平的；安靜的；和睦的meaningmeaningful有意義的；意味深長的wonderwonderful精彩的；令人高興的；令人驚奇的lesshopehope

56、less 沒有希望的useuseless 沒用的helphelpless無助的endendless無盡的ablefashionfashionable流行的；時髦的reasonreasonable公平的；合理的valuevaluable有價值的；寶貴的ibleaccessaccessible可到達的；可進入的；可使用的；易懂的horrorhorrible極壞的；恐怖的creditcredible可信的；可靠的ousdangerdangerous有危險的；不安全的couragecourageous勇敢的；無畏的ambitionambitious有雄心的；有抱負的；有野心的yguiltguilty感

57、到內(nèi)疚的；有過失的；有罪責的tastetasty美味的；可口的hungerhungry饑餓的；挨餓的icsciencescientific科學(xué)的energyenergetic精力充沛的；充滿活力的economyeconomic經(jīng)濟的；經(jīng)濟上的ishselfselfish自私的childchildish孩子氣的；稚嫩的foolfoolish愚蠢的；傻的atefortunefortunate幸運的；吉利的affectionaffectionate表示關(guān)愛的icalgrammargrammatical語法的historyhistorical(有關(guān))歷史的；有關(guān)歷史研究的tconfidenceconf

58、ident有信心的silencesilent沉默的absenceabsent缺席的；茫然的lycostcostly昂貴的friendfriendly友好的orderorderly有秩序的daydaily日常的考點二名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞、動詞eq avs4al(題組試做).單句語法填空1The villager(village) autonomy is great innovation in the rural political system.2She was once in deep despair in her childhood (child) because of her physical

59、illness.3The President set the targets for the future to promote friendship (friend) with European countries.4Ms. Green has asked me to deputize (deputy) for her at the meeting.5In addition, planting trees helps improve and beautify (beauty) the environment.6She had to choose (choice) between giving

60、 up her job or hiring a babysitter.7She knew that Soli was trying to frighten (fright) her, so she smiled to hide her fear.8These human activities will endanger (danger) wildlife and affect the balance of ecosystem.單句改錯9Now that you are able to take up arms and defense your motherland，we are all pro