中學(xué)高級(jí)職稱(chēng)職評(píng)考試英語(yǔ)試題

1、.中學(xué)高級(jí)職稱(chēng)職評(píng)考試英語(yǔ)試題一、填空題每空1分,共10分。 1、教師這個(gè)角色從根本上來(lái)說(shuō),就是作為人的教師和作為教師的人的 。 2、教師的愛(ài)是以對(duì)學(xué)生的 為前提的。 3、教育究其實(shí)質(zhì)是一種生命對(duì) 的相互對(duì)接與交融。 4、教師具有科學(xué)精神與人文素養(yǎng)具體表現(xiàn)為一個(gè)完善合理的素質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)：高尚優(yōu)良的人格、不斷完善的 結(jié)構(gòu)和不斷完善的能力結(jié)構(gòu)。 5、今后信息技術(shù)教育的主流教學(xué)方式是 。 6、教師發(fā)展規(guī)劃的第一步是 。 7、建立良好的師生關(guān)系要靠師生雙方共同努力,而教師起著 作用。 8、教師個(gè)體在無(wú)能力解決自己的心理問(wèn)題時(shí),應(yīng)求助于專(zhuān)家進(jìn)行心理 、心理咨詢(xún)、心理治療。 9、教師自主發(fā)展有三條可行性路徑：反

2、思、合作、 。 10、教師發(fā)展和學(xué)生發(fā)展之間要有某種橋梁,這橋梁就是 。 二、選擇題下列各小題的4個(gè)備選項(xiàng)中只有1項(xiàng)是正確的,請(qǐng)選出填入括號(hào)內(nèi)。每小題2分,共20分。 1、下列諸項(xiàng)中不屬于教師職業(yè)特點(diǎn)的一項(xiàng)是 。 A、藝術(shù)性 B、創(chuàng)造性 C、示范性 D、速效性 2、教師工作的核心是 。 A、教書(shū)育人 B、廣博學(xué)習(xí) C、教育科研 D、精心備課 3、熱愛(ài)學(xué)生是教師職業(yè)道德的 。 A、方法 B、途徑 C、本質(zhì) D、形式 4、有德之人,在無(wú)人監(jiān)督時(shí),總是非常小心謹(jǐn)慎地不做任何不道德之事,這叫做 。 A、慎微 B、慎重 C、慎獨(dú) D、誠(chéng)實(shí) 5、其身正,不令而行；其身不正,雖令不從。說(shuō)這句話(huà)的中國(guó)古代教育

3、家是 。 A、孔子 B、孟子 C、荀子 D、老子 6、我國(guó)的中小學(xué)教師職業(yè)道德規(guī)范頒布于 。 A、1995 B、1997 C、1999 D、2001 7、影響教師教育教學(xué)活動(dòng)成效的最直接因素是 。 A、語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力 B、非語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力C、教育技術(shù)運(yùn)用能力 D、管理學(xué)生能力 8、校園文化屬于哪一類(lèi)課程資源 。 A、素材性資源 B、條件性資源C、隱性資源 D、顯性資源 9、在心理咨詢(xún)中,咨詢(xún)者和來(lái)訪(fǎng)者之間是一種 關(guān)系。 A、醫(yī)患 B、伙伴 C、師生 D、主從 10、在教學(xué)反思過(guò)程的諸階段中,反思最集中地體現(xiàn)在 。 A、具體經(jīng)驗(yàn)階段 B、觀察分析階段C、重新概括階段 D、積極驗(yàn)證階段 三、判斷題請(qǐng)判

4、斷下列各小題對(duì)或錯(cuò),并在括號(hào)內(nèi)填上或。每小題2分,共20分。 1、在新課程背景下,教師的知識(shí)傳授者角色仍然是值得肯定的。 2、今天,在我國(guó)教師是專(zhuān)業(yè)工作者尚未得到法律的認(rèn)可。 3、教師的勞動(dòng)是一種集體勞動(dòng)。 4、教師職業(yè)道德可以產(chǎn)生直接的功利效益。 5、要樹(shù)立學(xué)生是消費(fèi)者,就是教育服務(wù)的顧客的觀念。 6、實(shí)施新課程,我們要徹底否定教師的權(quán)威。 7、把教師對(duì)學(xué)生的愛(ài)與母愛(ài)并列起來(lái),不免掩蓋了教師職業(yè)情感的專(zhuān)業(yè)化特征。 8、科學(xué)精神與人文精神具有本質(zhì)上的同一性。 9、教師的職業(yè)倦怠是其教師生涯發(fā)展歷程中的一個(gè)自然現(xiàn)象。 10、教學(xué)相長(zhǎng)是必然的,無(wú)條件的。 四、簡(jiǎn)答題每小題6分,共30分。 1、教師

5、專(zhuān)業(yè)化的基本含義是什么？ 2、新課程改革背景下,為什么教師要有多元學(xué)科知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)？ 3、新課程的實(shí)施需要教師強(qiáng)化哪些能力？ 4、教師和諧融洽的人際關(guān)系有什么意義?5、教師心理健康的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是什么？ 五、論述題每小題10分,共20分。 1、請(qǐng)結(jié)合自己的切身體會(huì)談?wù)勑抡n程對(duì)教師素質(zhì)發(fā)展提出了哪些新的要求？ 2、結(jié)合實(shí)際說(shuō)明教師能力培養(yǎng)與發(fā)展的有效途徑與方式。 新課程與教師素質(zhì)發(fā)展試題參考答案一、填空題 1、統(tǒng)一體 2、尊重 3、生命 4、知識(shí) 5、信息技術(shù)與學(xué)科教學(xué)整合 6、自我認(rèn)識(shí) 7、主導(dǎo) 8、診斷 9、共生在與學(xué)生的互動(dòng)過(guò)程中實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)相長(zhǎng) 10、教學(xué) 二、選擇題 1、D 2、A 3、C 4、C 5

6、、A6、B 7、A 8、C 9、B 10、B 三、判斷題 1、 2、 3、 4、 5、6、 7、 8、 9、 10、 四、簡(jiǎn)答題 1、1既包括學(xué)科專(zhuān)業(yè)性,也包括教育專(zhuān)業(yè)性；2國(guó)家有教師教育的專(zhuān)門(mén)機(jī)構(gòu)、教育內(nèi)容和措施；3國(guó)家有對(duì)教師資格和教師機(jī)構(gòu)的認(rèn)定制度和管理制度；4教師專(zhuān)業(yè)發(fā)展是一個(gè)持續(xù)不斷的過(guò)程。 2、1新課程內(nèi)容的社會(huì)化,要求教師具有多元學(xué)科知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)；2新課程的綜合化要求教師必須具備多元知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)和學(xué)科知識(shí)的整合能力。 3、1教育科研能力；2交往與合作能力；3課程資源開(kāi)發(fā)與整合能力；4信息技術(shù)與學(xué)科教學(xué)整合能力。 4、1有利于教師身心的健康；2增加教師之間互幫互學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)；3促進(jìn)教與學(xué)的活動(dòng)

7、；4有利于學(xué)校組織效能的發(fā)揮。 5、1熱愛(ài)教師職業(yè),認(rèn)同自己的教師職業(yè)角色；2和諧的人際關(guān)系和正確的自我意識(shí)；3堅(jiān)韌與自制；4有效調(diào)節(jié)不良情緒；5好學(xué)與創(chuàng)新。 五、論述題 1、1關(guān)注專(zhuān)業(yè)化理論發(fā)展；2關(guān)注教師的情意和職業(yè)道德素質(zhì)的發(fā)展；3關(guān)注教師的人文知識(shí)素養(yǎng)和多元知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展；4關(guān)注教師專(zhuān)業(yè)技能和研究能力的發(fā)展；5關(guān)注教師心理素質(zhì)的發(fā)展；6關(guān)注教師學(xué)習(xí)意識(shí)的提高和自主發(fā)展能力的提高。 2、1各種形式的培訓(xùn)、交流與研討；2多渠道獲取信息；3行動(dòng)研究；4建立開(kāi)放的教師教育體系。二、課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共10分 1 英語(yǔ)課程的性質(zhì)和任務(wù)是什么？ 2在教學(xué)實(shí)踐中,你是如何評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)？為什么？ 三、教

8、材教法共30分 1請(qǐng)根據(jù)所給材料設(shè)計(jì)出一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)案。材料見(jiàn)附頁(yè),計(jì)分20分 2請(qǐng)你簡(jiǎn)述：計(jì)分10分 1 你的設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)和意圖； 2 你的設(shè)計(jì)有什么特點(diǎn)； 3 對(duì)教學(xué)中有可能出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行反思,并提出應(yīng)措施。 四、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)共50分 一聽(tīng)力部分10% 第一節(jié)共5小題,每小題1分 1. What can the woman be? A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A student. 2. What can we learn from this conversation? A. Lucy is probably sick. B. Lucy is actually a warm

9、person. C. Lucy always feels cold. 3. Why did the woman go to the hospital? A. To have a physical examination. B. To see a doctor. C. To see her sick mother. 4. When does the last bus usually leave? A. At 6:00. B. At 6:30 C. At 5:30. 5. Who spoke to Helen? A. Her teacher. B. Her father. C. Her boss.

10、 第二節(jié)共5小題,每小題1分 聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6至7題 6. Which part did the old lady hurt? A. Her head. B. Her leg. C. Her arm. 7. How should they deal with the old lady? A. Carry her to the hospital. B. Carry her in the shade of the tree. C. Leave her where she is. 聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至10題 8. What are the two speakers talking abou

11、t? A. A visit to their relatives. B. A call to their close friends. C. A plan for the party. 9. Why was the woman thinking of calling on Ann? A. Because Ann just got out of the hospital. B.&nbp; Because she hasnt seen her since Ann moved to a new house. C. Because Ann just got a new house. 10. They

12、will have a little party at Ricks, wont they? A. Yes, as they are very happy together. B. No, as Rick doesnt feel well. C. We dont know. 二 完型填空20% Acting is such an overcrowded profession that the only _11_ that should be given to a young _12_ thinking of going on to the stage is Dont! But it is use

13、less to try to _13_ someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are slight. The _14_ way to begin is to go to a drama school. _15_ only students who show promise and gift are accepted, and the course lasts two years. _16_ the young actor or actress takes up work w

14、ith a theatrical company, usually as an assistant stage manager. This _17_ doing everything that there is to do in the _18_: printing very _19_ work indeed the hours are long and the pay is tiny. Of course, some people have unusual _20_which lead to fame and success without this long and hard _21_.

15、Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning _22_at a bus stop, as he drove past in his car. He stopped and got out to speak to the girl. He asked _23_ she would like to go to the film studio to do a _24

16、_, and she thought he was _25_ . Then she got _26_ and said she would call the police. It _27_ the producer twenty minutes to make Connie believe that he was _28_. The test was successful. And within a few weeks she was playing the _29_ part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day. _30_ ch

17、ances like this happen once in a blue moon. 11. A. warning B. advice C. answer D. help 12. A. man B. woman C. person D. actor 13. A. discourage B. distrust C. disappoint D. prevent 14. A. simple B. familiar&nsp; C. standard D. normal 15. A. Possibly B. Usually C. Fortunately D. Equally 16. A. When B

18、. Then C. Till D. Finally 17. A. contains B. includes C. means D. needs 18. A. stage B. company C. school D. theatre 19. A. difficult B. hardly C. easy D. comfortable 20. A. conditions B. methods C. gifts D. chances 21. A. working B. studying C. training D. exercising 22. A. talking B. waiting C. si

19、nging D. playing 23. A. why B. when C. if D. how 24. A. test B. job C. performance D. actress 25. A. mistaking B. joking nbsp; C. strange D. funny 26. A. worried B. surprised C. nervous D. angry 27. A. lasted B. wasted C. took D. used 28. A. serious B. sorry C. right D. curious 29. A. interesting B.

20、 leading C. important D. small 30. A. Such B. Though C. So D. But 三閱讀理解20分 A In the United States, teaching is very important. If teachers do not teach well, students complain. If many students do not understand, people think that the teacher does not do a good job. The teacher has big responsibilit

21、y to make sure students understand. In a sense, students are consumers and the teacher is offering services. Students have the right to evaluate their teachers, and they usually do so at the end of each course. That evaluation includes lots of aspects of teaching, such as explanation, preparation, u

22、sing good examples, answering questions, and organization of classes. Students are supposed to read required textbooks and recommended books before class. Without reading them, they will find it very difficult to understand the class. Basic courses on doing research and writing papers are taught at

23、the beginning of the program. They teach things very concretely and clearly. Students are expected to apply what they have learned to their studies. Classes are usually divided into lectures and seminars. There are some lecture classes, where the teacher just gives a lecture, and students ask questi

24、ons at the end. Most graduae level classes are lectures and discussions. Participating in discussions is very important. Higher level classes involve very little lecturing. They emphasize discussion and presentation by the students. 31. According to the passage, good teachers should_. A. try to plea

25、se their students B. treat their students as consumers C. understand their students well D. make sure their students understand 32. Teachers are evaluated by students mainly on_. A. how well they perform in class B. how carefully they prepare their lessons C. how fluently they express themselves in

26、class D. how hard they work in and after class 33. What are students expected to do before attending a class? A. Go over the lessons thoroughly. B. Understand the textbooks well. C. Do the reading assignments. D. Prepare an outline for discussion. 34. When a program starts, students should first_. A

27、. learn how to do research and write papers B. have some learning experience C. learn about the course concretely and clearly D. know how to participate in discussions 35. Higher level classes are taught mainly through_. A. giving a lot of lectures to students B. involving students in discussions C.

28、 asking students questions in class D. answering students questions in class B New YorkAmerica has been experiencing the longest economic increase in its history. Incomes have risen, unemployment has fallen, and cities such as New York are bursting with new office buildings. But just a short walk fr

29、om Manhattans skyscrapers, George Brown sits on the side-walk, cooking a lunch of rice and bits of fish over a can of cooking fuel. Brown is homelessone of the 2.3 million people in the US who end up on the street. During the day, Brown collects aluminum cans and sells them for five cents a piece. A

30、t night, he sleeps on the street. I have been on the street about eight or nine years, something like that, said the 62-year-old former construction worker. Brown admits hes had problem with alcohol and has smoked cocaine. But he says he still wants a more stable housing arrangement. He could afford

31、 it just with the money he earns by collecting cans and small pieces of metal, if only truly low-income housing were available. However, he sees no hope of finding affordable housing in New York city rosemore than 27 per cent between 1984 and 1999, from US $ 549 to Us $ 700 a month. One of the side

32、effects of the strong economy is that rents have been going up. The majority of people who experience homelessness really just need some affordable housing help. But few housing projects have been built for the poor. Many smelly apartments in the city now rent for US$ 1,500 a month or more. Brown, t

33、he homeless New Yorker, says he has a daughter who lives in the city but he rarely sees her. She is angry about his drinking and wont allow it in her house. Smiling, he says he has seven grandchildren whom hed like to see more often. 36. What kind of life does George Brown lead? A. Homeless and dang

34、erous. B. Homeless and childish. C. Homeless and miserable. D. Homeless and sleepless 37. From George Browns life we can find that _. A. old Americans lead a hard life. B. old Americans want to live alone. C. American cities are full of poor people. D. bad habits play a role in poor peoples life. 38

35、. It can be inferred from this passage that _. A. America is short of housing companies B. The poor cant benefit from the increasing economy C. Poor people in America will become rich D. Housing companies will become rich 39. If this passage comes from a paper, on which page would it be? A. Society.

36、 B. Science C. Economy D. Business 40. What character does George Brown have? A. Selfish. B. Lazy. C. Warm-hearted D. Open-hearted C In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic succes

37、s, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child developme

38、nt specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents 答問(wèn)卷者listed to give children a good start academically as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American responde

39、nts chose this as one of their top threechoices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast m

40、ajority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents. In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschool

41、s. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented 強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)性發(fā)展的Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education. Like in America, there is diversity in

42、Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young

43、children attend a university-based program, it will increase the childrens chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens. 41. We learn

44、 from the first paragraph that many Americans believe_. A. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents B. Japan s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction D. Japans higher education

45、 is superior to theirs 42. Most Americans surveyed believe that preschools should also attach importance to_. A. problem solving B. group experience C. parental guidance D. individually-oriented development 43. In Japan s preschool education, the focus is on _. A. preparing children academically B.

46、developing childrens artistic interests C. tapping childrens potential D. shaping childrens character 44. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to _. A. broaden childrens horizon B. cultivate childrens creativity C. lighten childrens study load D. enrich childrens kno

47、wledge 45. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens? A. They can do better in their future study. B. They can accumulate more group experience there. C. They can be individually oriented when they grow up. D. They can have better chances of getting a first-r

48、ate education. 第二節(jié)：閱讀下列材料,從所給的六個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D、E和F中,選出符合各小題要求的最佳選項(xiàng),其中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。 46. Miss Wang is now working in a joint venture as a business woman. Her major work is to contact the foreign businessmen through emails, calls and letters. She has no trouble communicating with the English-speaking people fac

49、e to face. However, when it comes to business writing, she is not sure about the grammar and the form. 47. Mr. Zhang taught himself English. Three months ago, when he was required to work as a sales representative in Britain, he had trouble in communicating with his English customers. The problem is

50、 with his pronunciation and intonation. He wants to find some websites offering spoken English teaching with correct pronunciation and ideal sound effects. 48. Ms Wilson is now teaching English in China. She has found that the major problem with her students reading comprehension lies with their lim

51、ited vocabulary. However, memorizing a list of 10-20 new words every day is a boring task for the students. She wants to find some games from the Internet, so that her students may have interest in learning and using the words. 49. Li Yue is not interested in reciting English texts. He says it is bo

52、ring. He is more interested in practicing his newly learned English expressions in classroom activities. But when he is at home on holiday, he has no one to talk to in English. His mother suggests him looking for interactive websites from the Internet. 50. Zhang Ming is going for his undergraduate s

53、tudy in America. His friend has rented a room for him from an old American couple. This is his first time to go abroad and stay with the natives. To get along well with them, Zhang Ming is eager to learn English idioms and everyday topics. So, he searches the Internet for some useful websites.一、如何理解

54、課程這一概念?由于人們認(rèn)識(shí)角度的不同,所以對(duì)課程的內(nèi)涵也有不同的理解。但是一般認(rèn)為課程可分為狹義和廣義兩個(gè)方面：狹義的課程是指教學(xué)內(nèi)容,主要體現(xiàn)在教科書(shū)、課程計(jì)劃和課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中；廣義的課程是指學(xué)生在學(xué)校中獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn),它包括學(xué)科設(shè)置、教學(xué)活動(dòng)、教學(xué)進(jìn)程、課外活動(dòng)及學(xué)校的環(huán)境氣氛等,也就是說(shuō),廣義的課程不僅包括課程表所規(guī)定的顯性學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容,也包括學(xué)生的課外活動(dòng)及學(xué)校中潛在的各種文化教育因素；它不僅指書(shū)本知識(shí),也包括學(xué)生個(gè)人所獲得的感性知識(shí),個(gè)人經(jīng)過(guò)系統(tǒng)的整理由實(shí)踐反復(fù)檢驗(yàn)的科學(xué)知識(shí),以及個(gè)人的經(jīng)歷產(chǎn)生的情感體驗(yàn),可以說(shuō),廣義課程的內(nèi)容是更廣泛的,更有助于我們認(rèn)識(shí)課程的內(nèi)容。二、為什么要進(jìn)行基礎(chǔ)教育課程

55、改革?一方面是順應(yīng)世界潮流的需要。知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的興起及信息化、全球化的影響和沖擊,給教育提出了挑戰(zhàn)。誰(shuí)擁有創(chuàng)新精神和創(chuàng)新能力,誰(shuí)就將領(lǐng)導(dǎo)世界的潮流；而信息技術(shù)又改變了學(xué)習(xí)者的行為方式；全球化則為終身教育提出了學(xué)習(xí)的主題。這一切,迫使我們必順進(jìn)行課程改革。同時(shí),人類(lèi)生存和發(fā)展面臨困境,如生態(tài)環(huán)境的惡化、自然資源的短缺、人口的迅速膨脹以及人的精神力量、道德力量的削弱或喪失,也迫使我們必須確立可持續(xù)發(fā)展的觀念,培養(yǎng)具有高度科學(xué)素養(yǎng)和人文素養(yǎng)的人。另一方面是切實(shí)推進(jìn)素質(zhì)教育的需要。當(dāng)前的素質(zhì)教育雖然取得一些成績(jī),但總的評(píng)價(jià)是成效不夠明顯、尚未取得突破性進(jìn)展、步履艱難,基礎(chǔ)教育是到了非改不可的地步。既然課程

56、在教育中居核心地位,而現(xiàn)行的課程方案又存在種種問(wèn)題,諸如教育理念滯后、固有的知識(shí)本位、學(xué)科本位問(wèn)題沒(méi)有得到根本的轉(zhuǎn)變；思想品德教育的針對(duì)性、實(shí)效性不強(qiáng)3課程內(nèi)容存在著繁、難、偏、舊的狀況；課程結(jié)構(gòu)單一,學(xué)科體系相對(duì)封閉；學(xué)生死記硬背、題海訓(xùn)練的狀況普遍存在；課程評(píng)價(jià)過(guò)于強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生成績(jī)和甄別、選拔的功能；課程管理過(guò)多地強(qiáng)調(diào)統(tǒng)一等。這些問(wèn)題的存在,影響并制約素質(zhì)教育的全面實(shí)施,所以有必要進(jìn)行基礎(chǔ)教育課程改革。三、這次課程改革的根本任務(wù)和具體目標(biāo)是什么?這次課程改革的根本任務(wù)是：全面貫徹黨的教育方針,調(diào)整和改革基礎(chǔ)教育的課程體系、結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容,構(gòu)建符合素質(zhì)教育要求的新的基礎(chǔ)教育課程體系。這次課程改革的具

57、體目標(biāo)體現(xiàn)在課程功能、課程結(jié)構(gòu)、課程內(nèi)容、課程實(shí)施、課程評(píng)價(jià)、課程管理這六個(gè)方面的改變,即：1、改變課程過(guò)于注重知識(shí)傳授的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)形成積極主動(dòng)的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度,使獲得基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)與基本技能的過(guò)程同時(shí)成為學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)和形成正確價(jià)值觀的過(guò)程。2、改變課程結(jié)構(gòu)過(guò)于強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)科本位、科目過(guò)多和缺乏整合的現(xiàn)狀,整體設(shè)置九年一貫的課程門(mén)類(lèi)和課時(shí)比例,并設(shè)置綜合課程,以適應(yīng)不同地區(qū)和學(xué)生發(fā)展的需求,體現(xiàn)課程結(jié)構(gòu)的均衡性、綜合性和選擇性。3、改變課程內(nèi)容繁、難、偏、舊和過(guò)于注重書(shū)本知識(shí)的現(xiàn)狀,加強(qiáng)課程內(nèi)容與學(xué)生生活以及現(xiàn)代社會(huì)和科技發(fā)展的聯(lián)系,關(guān)注學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣和經(jīng)驗(yàn),精選終身學(xué)習(xí)必備的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和技能。4、改變課程實(shí)施過(guò)于強(qiáng)調(diào)

58、接受學(xué)習(xí)、死記硬背、機(jī)械訓(xùn)練的現(xiàn)狀,倡導(dǎo)學(xué)生主動(dòng)參與、樂(lè)于探究、勤于動(dòng)手,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生搜集和處理信息的能力、獲取新知識(shí)的能力、分析和解決問(wèn)題的能力以及交流與合作的能力。5、改變課程評(píng)價(jià)過(guò)多強(qiáng)調(diào)甄別、選拔的功能,發(fā)揮評(píng)價(jià)促進(jìn)學(xué)生發(fā)展、教師提高和改進(jìn)教學(xué)實(shí)踐的功能。6、改變課程管理過(guò)于集中的狀況,實(shí)行國(guó)家、地方、學(xué)校三級(jí)課程管理,增強(qiáng)課程對(duì)地方、學(xué)校及學(xué)生的適應(yīng)性。四、貫穿這次課程改革的基本精神是什么?為了每一個(gè)學(xué)生的發(fā)展是這次課改的基本價(jià)值取向,也是貫穿這次課改的基本精神,是這次課改的靈魂。這次課改,充分體現(xiàn)了以人為本的思想。以往以學(xué)科為本位是一種目中無(wú)人的教學(xué),從根本上失去了對(duì)人的生命存在及其發(fā)展

59、的整體關(guān)懷,從而使學(xué)生成為被動(dòng)的、甚至被窒息的人。由以學(xué)科為本位轉(zhuǎn)向以人的發(fā)展為本位,強(qiáng)調(diào)了課程要促進(jìn)每個(gè)學(xué)生的身心健康發(fā)展；強(qiáng)調(diào)了課程要有利于培養(yǎng)每個(gè)學(xué)生的良好品德；強(qiáng)調(diào)了課程要滿(mǎn)足每個(gè)學(xué)生終身發(fā)展的需要,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生終身學(xué)習(xí)的愿望和能力。為了每一個(gè)學(xué)生的發(fā)展就意味著：1、關(guān)注每一個(gè)學(xué)生,每一個(gè)學(xué)生都是生動(dòng)活潑的人、發(fā)展的人、有尊嚴(yán)的人,關(guān)注的實(shí)質(zhì)是尊重、關(guān)心、牽掛,關(guān)注本身就是最好的教育。2、關(guān)注學(xué)生的情緒生活和情感體驗(yàn)。要使教學(xué)過(guò)程成為學(xué)生一種愉悅的情緒生活和積極的情感體驗(yàn)的過(guò)程。3、關(guān)注學(xué)生的道德生活和人格養(yǎng)成。要使學(xué)生伴隨著學(xué)科知識(shí)的獲得,變得越來(lái)越有愛(ài)心,越來(lái)越有責(zé)任感,越來(lái)越有教養(yǎng)。

60、4、關(guān)注學(xué)生的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。以終身教育的理念,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)、學(xué)會(huì)做事、學(xué)會(huì)共同生活、學(xué)會(huì)生存。五、新課程結(jié)構(gòu)的特征是什么?均衡性、綜合性和選擇性是課程改革的三個(gè)基本特征,也是我們?nèi)骖I(lǐng)會(huì)和理解新課程結(jié)構(gòu)的三把鑰匙。課程結(jié)構(gòu)的均衡性是指學(xué)校課程體系中課程類(lèi)型、具體科目和課程內(nèi)容能夠保持一種恰當(dāng)、合理的比重。新課程結(jié)構(gòu)包容了各種類(lèi)型的課程和多種與現(xiàn)代社會(huì)生活及學(xué)生的自身生活密切相關(guān)的科目,同時(shí)通過(guò)課時(shí)比例的調(diào)整,使其保持適當(dāng)?shù)谋戎仃P(guān)系。均衡性不是指學(xué)生各學(xué)科或各領(lǐng)域平均發(fā)展,而是指?jìng)€(gè)性的和諧發(fā)展。義務(wù)教育階段設(shè)置的各門(mén)課程在開(kāi)設(shè)順序上有先有后,內(nèi)容安排有多有少,課時(shí)比例有高有低,各門(mén)課程在義務(wù)教