英語（新高考）2022屆高考考前沖刺卷（四）教師版

1、（新高考）2022屆高考考前沖刺卷英語（四）考前須知：.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn) 考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。.選擇題的作答：每題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答 案標(biāo)號涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在 試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第I卷（選擇題）第一局部閱讀（共兩節(jié)，總分值50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每題2.5分，總分值37.5分）閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出

2、最正確選項(xiàng)， 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AProvincetown, Cape Cod RestaurantsAfter a day on the sands or exploring our charming town, enjoy kxral eats, from fresh seafood and lobster to authentic Italian. Youll find many wonderful Provincetown, Cape Cod restaurants and cafes just steps away.Fanizzis RestaurantRight next d

3、oor to our hotel, this award-winning local eatery is one of the finest Cape Cod restaurants. The menu highlights seafood. Italian, steaks, burgers, and fresh salads. Enjoy the Friday Fish Fry, Early Bird Specials, and Sunday Brunch, available from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. all year long.539 Commercial

4、 Street 508-487-1964Napis RestaurantNapis serves dinner all year round and lunch from April to October. A cozy place located just off Commercial Street and overflowing with local art, this Cape Cod, Massachusetts classic specializes in everything from freshly caught seafood to Portuguese and Brazili

5、an dishes to vegetarian items.7 Freeman Street 800-571-6274Mews RestaurantEnjoy views of Provincetown Harbor al this waterfront restaurant just steps from Surfside Hotel & Suites. Intercontinental dishes arc served in the bcach-Icvcl dining room, while upstairs youll find a casual American bistro. S

6、ummer months bring on a brunch menu, and dinner is served year-round.429 Commercial Street 508-487-1500The Red InnA favorite among our guests, The Red Inn is located on Provincetowns picturesque waterfront which provides diners with the most gorgeous harbor views and spectacular sunsets. The Red Inn

7、 provides historic old world charm with new world pleasure. Their menu features the finest local seafood.15 Commercial Street 508-487-7334Which restaurant offers a special breakfast for early risers?A. Fanizzis Restaurant. B. Napis Restaurant.C. Mews Restaurant. D. The Red Inn.What is special about

8、The Red Inn?A. It exhibits the good local art.B. it is the finest local restaurant.C. It offers the best local seafood.D. It serves brunch all year round.What does the text mainly talk about?A. Accommodation. B. Life styles. C. Sightseeing. D. Dining【答案】1-3 ACD【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了美國Provincetown四個(gè)就餐的地方。.細(xì)

9、節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“Early Bird Specials”可知，該餐館為早起的旅客提 供特別的早餐。故A為正確答案。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的最后一句可知答案為C。.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹的是就餐。故答案為D。BPaswan and his teen daughter Jyoti Kumari recently completed the 750-mile journey from their former apartment on the outskirts of New Dehli all the way to their home village. Whats r

10、emarkable is that they rode the entire distance on a bicycle they purchased with their last $20, with Jyoti pedaling（腳蹬）as her father rode on the seat with his heavy bag.was nobody around she could turn to for help. So she had to move on until she saw the light from our house.Having (old her story,

11、Jane said she regretted being inconsiderate to her mom. I kept comforting her until we fell asleep. When Dad awoke us and was told the whole story the next morning, he said to Jane seriously，Its dangerous to run away from home. Your mom must be anxious about your safety. Ill drive you home immediate

12、ly.*, After an hours ride, we reached Janes home, in front of which stood a worried woman. Jane rushed over and hugged her tightly, saying tearfully, t*Sorrj/, Mom.” Witnessing this. Dad and I breathed a sigh of relief.【解析】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者晚上在戶外帳篷里睡覺時(shí)，遇到了與 母親賭氣離家出走的簡，收留了她，第二天和爸爸送回家，母女和好的故事。.段落續(xù)寫：由第一段

13、首句內(nèi)密“簡的16歲生日來了，但她的母親直到那天晚上才回家?！?可知，第一段可描寫簡因?yàn)槟赣H沒有給自己買喜愛的裙子而生氣離家出走，最后來到作 者的家里的經(jīng)過。由第二段首句內(nèi)容“了解她的故事后，簡說她后悔不體諒她的媽媽”可知，第二 段可描寫作者撫慰簡，告知爸爸簡的故事，送簡回家，母女和好的經(jīng)過。.續(xù)寫線索：簡與母親生氣離家出走來到作者家里撫慰告知父親 送回家一母女和好感到欣慰.詞匯激活行為類.生氣離開：stormed out/go out angrily.尋求幫助：turn to for help/ask for help/seek for help情緒類.失望：disappointed/dis

14、couraged/frustrated/depressed.欣慰:relief7comfort/easy高分句型 1 Thirsty for the dress, Jane got extremely disappointed when seeing her mother back empty-handed.使用了形容詞短語作伴隨狀語和狀語從句的省結(jié)構(gòu)。高分句型 2 Painful and hungry, she came to realize she shouldn,t have been so willful, but there was nobody around she could t

15、urn to for help.使用 f 賓語從句和定語從句。高分句型 3 After an hours ride, we reached Janes home, in front of which stood a worried woman.使用了介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句。10The story of their determination has inspired millions of migrant workers across the country, where the novel coronavirus lockdowns has resulted in severe wor

16、k shortages. Many of these laborers have needed （o take similar journeys from major cities back to their home villages where they can be supported by their family-but financial problems have left many of them stranded（使擱淺）and wondering whats next.Things had not been going well for Pas wan, even befo

17、re the pandemic（大流行?。?In January, he was involved in a traffic accident while working as a rickshaw driver. His daughter, who had dropped out of school a year earlier because of the familys financial troubles, decided to make the trip to New Dehli to care for her injured father. When the lockdown hi

18、t and Paswan was unable to earn a living, their landlord cut off their electricity and threatened to kick them out of their apartment. It was then that Jyoti suggested that they head home to iheir village in Bihar.Jyoti had cycled a lot in their vilage, and they had just enough money to purchase a b

19、icycle. She insisted that she would get her dad home safely.That being said, it was not a bewitching journey for Jyoti and Paswan-they often found themselves without enough to eat; they slept at gas stations, and often relied on the generosity of strangers. The pair traveled nearly 100 miles per day

20、. On borrowed cell phones, Jyoti would reassure her worried mother: Dont worry. Ill get Papa home good?,True to her word. Jyoti and her father made it home. Additionally, since the Indian media has dubbed（把稱為）her Jyoti the lionhearted”，the teenage girl has been contacted byOnkar4 What caused Paswan

21、and his daughter to decide to go home?The worsening situation.The terrible traffic accident.The expectation from family.The desire to travel by bicycle.5.Wha（ can wc infer from the third paragraph?Paswan and Jyoti would continue to pay the landlord.Paswan and Jyoti lived a good life before the pande

22、mic.Paswan failed to earn a living due to the traffic accident.Paswan and Jyoti had no choice but to leave New Dehli. Which of the following can explain the underlined word in Paragaph5?A. Tough. B. Smooth. C. Unforgettable. D. Meaningful.What might Jyo(i do after she got her dad home?She might go b

23、ack to New Dchli to earn a living.She might check if she has (he potential for cycling.She might invite Onkar Singh to be her private coach.She might complain to the media about the new name.【答案】4-7ADBB【解析】.文章理解題。由第三段可知，房東斷電并威脅把他們趕出公寓，讓他們處 于更加艱難的處境，使他們決定回家。應(yīng)選A。.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。第三段最后一句可知，在經(jīng)歷了車禍，女兒輟學(xué)后，房東切 斷了電源，

24、并威脅他們離開當(dāng)時(shí)的住所，可推斷出他們別無選擇離開New Dehli。 故遠(yuǎn)D.句子理解題。由此句破折號之后的“They often foundon the generosity ofstrangers.M可知他們生活非常艱難。因此這不是一個(gè)順利的出行。應(yīng)選smooth。.理解推斷題。有最后一段的最后一句”the chairman of the CyclingFederation of India, urging her to decide (o go home 可知。聯(lián)盟主席鼓勵(lì)她可以試 一試進(jìn)國家隊(duì)，所以她可能會檢驗(yàn)自己有沒有騎行的潛力。應(yīng)選B。CIts good to share, ri

25、ght? Growing up as kids we are told to share our toys and not be selfish. We also live in an age where discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? With new fashion trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a pillow as a dress, the question is: when

26、can sharing become oversharing on social media?What is oversharing? The term has become associated with social media, but it doesnt only belong to this platform. Imagine you head to a party and you meet someone. Within five minutes (hey have given away details about their personal life. While some o

27、f us may try to escape these people, according to marriage therapist Carolyn Cole, (his form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this translate to social media?Dr. Christopher Hand, a lecturer in internet psychology, says the more details people discl

28、ose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. This could be due to a belief that we attract our own negative experiences the more we share them. It seems that the idea of searching for sympathy by oversharing, is generally viewed as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually b

29、e.However, Dr Hands research also seems to suggest that the more positive posts we share on a platform, the more socially attractive we become. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD, said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We are supposed not to show off, as its now known

30、-especially about our love lives. It makes senseif your date is going that well, would you really have time to share a photo with text?So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be more than happy to tell you if your posts about your

31、 breakfast or your complaint about your lack of money really are too much.Why do some people try to overshare at parlies?Because (hey want to catch othcrs, attention.Because (hey just want to show off something.Because (hey have a strong desire to pour out their emotions.Because they may expect to m

32、ake a connection with someone.What does the underlined word in Para.3 mean?A. explore. B. expose. C. display. D. discuss.What can we know from the passage?We will become more socially attractive if we post more on a platform.We tend to show sympathy when things go wrong.We may be considered negative

33、 when seeking for sympathy by oversharing.We can show off something positive especially about our love lives.i 1. What is the purpose of the text?A. lb inform. B. To inspire. C. To advertise. D. To condemn.【答案】8-11 DBCA【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如今社交媒體上的“過度提供”現(xiàn)象， 有人指出有些人在聚會上過度提供，是因?yàn)樗麄兛赡芷谕c某人建立聯(lián)系。但是通過過 度提供來尋

34、求同情的想法，似乎通常被認(rèn)為是消極的。早在2015年，Gwendolyn Seidman 博士就說過，我們應(yīng)該防止在網(wǎng)上抱怨和消極，也不應(yīng)該炫耀，尤其是我們的愛情生活。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“While some of us may try to escape these people, according to maiTiage therapist Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone.（根據(jù)婚姻治療師 Carolyn Cole 的說法，

35、雖然我們中 的一些人可能試圖逃離這些人，但這種形式的過度提供可能來自與某人建立聯(lián)系的強(qiáng)烈 愿望）”可知，有些人在聚會上過度提供，是因?yàn)樗麄兛赡芷谕c某人建立聯(lián)系。應(yīng)選D。.詞義猜想題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“ihc less sympathy wc express when things go wrong 以及 “It seems that （he idea of searching for sympathy by oversharing, is generally viewed as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be

36、.” 可知,通過過度提供來尋求同情 的想法，似乎通常被認(rèn)為是消極的，所以人們暴露給他人的細(xì)節(jié)越多，越不容易得到同 情。畫線詞意思為“暴露”。A. explore探索;B. expose暴露;C. display顯示；D. discuss 討論。應(yīng)選B。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“It seems that the idea of searching for sympathy by oversharing, is generally viewed as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be.（通過過度提供來尋求同情的

37、想法，似乎通常被認(rèn)為是消極的，而不是被認(rèn)為是在求 助）”可知，當(dāng)我們通過過度提供來尋求同情時(shí)，可能會被認(rèn)為是消極的。應(yīng)選C。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中 ,* With new fashion trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a pillow as a dress, （he question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?（隨著新時(shí)尚的不斷流行，比方舞蹈挑戰(zhàn)和穿枕頭當(dāng)裙子，問 題是中：什么時(shí)候在社交媒體上提供會變成過度提供？）”

38、結(jié)合文章主要說明了如今社 交媒體上的“過度提供”現(xiàn)象，有人指出有些人在聚會上過度提供，是因?yàn)樗麄兛赡芷?望與某人建立聯(lián)系。但是通過過度提供來尋求同情的想法，似乎通常被認(rèn)為是消極的。 早在2015年，Gwendolyn Seidman博士就說過，我們應(yīng)該防止在網(wǎng)上抱怨和消極，也不 應(yīng)該炫耀，尤其是我們的愛情生活?？赏浦@篇文章的目的是告知有關(guān)“過度提供” 的信息。應(yīng)選A。DBrain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep. When we sleep, our brains clear

39、out the memories weve made while were awake, deciding what to keep and what to get rid of. Forgetting is an active process, explained the authors of the study published in （he journal Science. But less is known about this process during the different periods of sleep.They found that during the rapid

40、 eye movement （REM） sleep period - or active sleep when we are thought to dream-special nerve cells appear to actively contribute to forgetting. What are known as melanin-concentrating hormone-producing （MCH） neurons （神經(jīng)元）sit in the hypothalamus （下丘腦）：a part of the brain which helps with a range of

41、functions such as sleep, appetite and emotions. Past research has suggested these cells help to control REM sleep patterns: activating the MCH neurons increasing time spent in this period, while preventing them reducing changes into (his period.The scientists looked at MCH cells in mice, and found 5

42、2.8 percent were active during REM sleep, compared with 35 percent when the mice were awake. Study co-author Thomas Kilduff, director of the Center for Neuroscience at SRI International, told Newsweek the team was surprised to find that mice performed better on learning and memory tasks when the MCH

43、 cells were prevented. uThis result suggests that activation of the MCH neurons may affect memory- that is, MCH neurons may facilitate forgetting/ KildufTexplained.When asked what motivated the study, KildufT said, uWe hope the work could deepen our understanding of Alzheimers disease. Understanding

44、 the neural basis of learning and memory is a huge area of neuroscience research because of its effects on our everyday lives, as well as diseases such as Alzheimers disease. Prior to this work, no one suspected that MCH neurons had anything to do with forgetting,said KildufT.What can wc infer from

45、paragraph 1 ?Forgetting is a passive process.The forgetting process is known to us.Some memories are forgotten while we are awake.Certain memories are removed while we are asleep.What does the underlined word them” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. REM sleep patterns. B. Past researches.C. MCH neurons. D.

46、A range of functions.Why did KildufTs team conduct the research?To publish the study in the journal Science.To know more about Alzheimers disease.To contribute to humans forgetting.To explore our everyday lives.What can we know about MCH?MCH cells takes control of REM sleep patterns.MCH neurons may

47、disturb memory consolidation.MCH neurons have nothing to do with forgetting.MCH cells help mice performing better on learning.【答案】12-15 DCBB【解析】這是一篇科普類的說明文，介紹了在我們睡眠的不同階段，人的大腦對記 憶的處理及其影響。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一自然段中 “Brain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep. When we sleep, ou

48、r brains clear out the memories weve made while were awake, deciding what to keep and what to get rid of.可知,在我們睡眠的 過程中，我們的大腦會對我們醒著的時(shí)候的記憶進(jìn)行處理，決定儲存信息的存留問題。 故D項(xiàng)正確。.代詞指代題。根據(jù)文章第二自然段中“Past research has suggested these cells help to control REM sleep patterns: activating the MCH neurons increasing time spe

49、nt in this period, while inhibiting them reducing transitions into this period.可知:過去的研究說明, 這些細(xì)胞有助于控制快速眼動睡眠模式：激活MCH神經(jīng)元，增加這一階段的時(shí)間，而 抑制它們（MCH神經(jīng)元），減少向這一階段的過渡。故正確答案為C。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四自然段中“We hope the work could deepen our understanding of Alzheimers disease ” 可知。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三自然段中“. mice performed better on

50、learning and memory tasks when the MCH cells were inhibited. kiThis result suggests that activation of the MCH neurons may interfere with memory consolidation- that is, MCH neurons may facilitate forgetting,M可知，當(dāng)MCH細(xì)胞受到抑制時(shí)，小鼠在學(xué)習(xí)和記憶任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)得 更好，”這結(jié)果說明，MCH神經(jīng)元的激活可能干擾記憶鞏固，即MCH神經(jīng)元可能促 進(jìn)遺忘”。應(yīng)選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每題2.5

51、分，總分值12.5分）閱讀下而短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng) 為多余選項(xiàng)。Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund fbr Nature. Its a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people ugo dark”. _16_Its true that turning off lights fbr just one hour saves only a stnall amount of power. _17

52、On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem ofclimate change and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature.But on another level, a large number of peoples acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies.18They begin considering green issues

53、when big decisions.The logo（標(biāo)識）of Earth Hour is 60+”. The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour.19In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say （hat taking part makes them wantto do more for the environment.20Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic（原聲的）instruments instead of electric ones,

54、and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight. Tree-planting sessions, group walks and runs are also among the options.But this is only the beginning.Earth Hour represents every hour of every day.After all, e

55、veryone has to answer for what they have done.Besides turning off the lights, people get involved in other events.1（ pushes them to take urgent measures by making changes to policies.That is, they switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time for one hour.The plus invites people to continue （he

56、ir action even after Earth Hour is finished.【答案】16-20 FAEGD【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了由世界自然基金會組織的“地球一小時(shí)”活動， 催促人們重視環(huán)境保護(hù)。.上文“On this evening, people，go dark.（在這個(gè)晚上，人們走向黑暗）”說 明活動中，這個(gè)晚上人們“走向黑暗”，選項(xiàng)F ”也就是說，他們在同一時(shí)間關(guān)掉所有 不必要的燈一個(gè)小時(shí)?！笔菍ι衔牡木唧w解釋，選項(xiàng)中switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time和上文中dark語義相關(guān),通順合理。應(yīng)選F項(xiàng)。.

57、 上文 Its tnie that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.（確實(shí)，關(guān)燈一小時(shí)只節(jié)省少量的電力。）”說明關(guān)燈一個(gè)小時(shí)看似作用不大，選 項(xiàng)A “但這只是開始?！背薪由衔模D(zhuǎn)折語義，說明這只是個(gè)開始，引出下文闡述關(guān)燈 一個(gè)小時(shí)所帶來的益處，以及更深層的做法和意義。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。.上文 u But on another level, a large number of peoples acting together sends a powerful message to governm

58、ents and companies.（但在另一個(gè)層面上，大量民眾的共同行 動向政府和企業(yè)發(fā)出了強(qiáng)有力的信息。）”說明民眾已向政府和企業(yè)發(fā)出強(qiáng)烈信息、，選 項(xiàng)E “促使他們通過改變政策采取緊急措施?！背薪由衔?，說明民眾發(fā)出強(qiáng)烈信息的作 用，促使政府改變政策采取措施，引出下文“They begin considering green issues when big decisions.（他們在做重大決定時(shí)就開始考慮環(huán)保問題。）”對選項(xiàng)進(jìn)一步解釋。選項(xiàng)中與 上下文語義相關(guān)，通順合理。應(yīng)選E項(xiàng)。.上文 “The 10go（標(biāo)識）of Earth Hour is 60+. The number 60

59、is for the 60 minutes of Earlh Hour.（地球一小時(shí)的標(biāo)志是60+,數(shù)字60代表地球一小時(shí)的60分 鐘。）”說明“地球一小時(shí)”的標(biāo)志是“60+”，選項(xiàng)G “這個(gè)“加號”邀請人們在地球 一小時(shí)結(jié)束后繼續(xù)他們的行動?！笔菍ι衔摹?0+”的解釋，引出下文“In fact. people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more fbr the environment（事 實(shí)上，參與“地球一小時(shí)”活動的人們說，參與這活動讓他們想為環(huán)境做更多的事情。）” 具體進(jìn)步說明人們在

60、地球個(gè)小時(shí)活動后想做更多的有關(guān)環(huán)保事情。選項(xiàng)中The phis 和上文中+號語義一致，選項(xiàng)和上下文語義通順，邏輯合理。應(yīng)選G項(xiàng)。. 卜文 0 Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic（原聲的）instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight.（音樂家們