二0二三年度九年級上冊Module 7 Great books喻勤 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)

1、MODULE 7 Great BooksGrammar: 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài) The passive voice 英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。例如：Many people speak Chinese.謂語：speak的動作是由主語many people來執(zhí)行的。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people.主語English是動詞speak的承受者。一、一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)的概念一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性被動動作，由主語

2、+is/am/are+及物動詞過去分詞+by+動作執(zhí)行者構(gòu)成，無需說明動作執(zhí)行者時可省去by+動作執(zhí)行者，句中主語就是原主動語態(tài)的賓語，動作執(zhí)行者就是原主動語態(tài)的主語。is/am/are由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式而定。主語為第三人稱單數(shù)名詞或代詞時用is，主語為I時用am。主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞或時用are。二、動詞過去分詞的變化形式（一）規(guī)則變化(1) 在動詞后加ed：work worked stay - stayed (2) 在以-e結(jié)尾動詞后只加d：close - closed like - liked(3) 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，應(yīng)將y改為i 再加-ed：study -studied car

3、ry - carried (4) 以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母動詞，要雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加-ed： stop stopped（二）不規(guī)則變化 例如: go- gone make-made put-put 等三、一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)的各類句式總結(jié)如下：1. 肯定： 主語(動作接受者) + is / am / are + 動詞的過去分詞+ (by+ 動作執(zhí)行者)The book is written by me. 這本書是我寫的。2. 否定：主語(動作接受者) + am / is / are not+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者) The book is not writte

4、n by me. 這本書不是我寫的。3. 一般疑問句：Am / Is / Are +主語+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者)?Is the film called Snow White? 這部電影是叫白雪公主嗎？Yes, it is. / No, it isnt. 是的。/不是。4. 特殊疑問句：1）特殊疑問詞+ am / is / are + 主語+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者)?What is this kind of sweater made of ? 這種毛衣是用什么制成的？四、被動語態(tài)一般用于以下幾種情況：1）要表達“被”、“受”、“遭”、“讓”之類的語義。如： 教師很受尊敬。T

5、eachers are well respected.這孩子很招人喜愛。The child is well loved by people.2) 強調(diào)或突出動作的承受者時，用被動語態(tài)Such things are only eaten by animals這樣的東西只有動物才吃3）不知道或沒必要或不想指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。這時不帶by短語。如： 房子每天都有人打掃。The room is cleaned every day.4) 有時為了禮貌或修辭的需要等原因不愿說出行為者；或者為了使語氣委婉，避免提及自己或?qū)Ψ?這時也常用被動語態(tài)。You are requested to give a pe

6、rformance.請你給我們表演一個節(jié)目?？偟恼f來，判斷該不該用被動語態(tài)是看主語是否為謂語動詞的行為對象。練習(xí)一：按要求改寫下列句子。Do you water your flowers every day?(變?yōu)楸粍泳?Are your flowers watered by you every day? Trees and flowers are planted every year to make our country more beautiful. (變?yōu)橐蓡柧?Are trees and flowers planted every year to make our country m

7、ore beautiful？This English song is sung by the girls after class. 改為否定句This English song is not sung by the girls after class.改為一般疑問句，并做肯定和否定回答Is this English song sung by the girls after class?對劃線提問When is this English song sung by the girls?練習(xí)二1.（11內(nèi)蒙古包頭） It will be two days before the decision_.

8、A. has made B. will be made C. was made D. is made.【解析】本題考查被動語態(tài)的用法。句意為“在下決心之前，將有兩天的時間” 根據(jù)語境可知選D。2.（11四川內(nèi)江） Your classroom is really bright and clean. It _ after school every day.A. is cleaned B. cleaned C. was cleaned【解析】動詞語態(tài)。every day是一般現(xiàn)在時的標志。根據(jù)句意，你們教室真的既明亮又干凈。每天放學(xué)后我們打掃它。此處是被動語態(tài)省略了by us。一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)構(gòu)

9、成：be+動詞過去分詞。故選A。3. - Drunken drive is dangerous, isnt it? - Yeah. That why drunken drivers to prison even without causing accidents. （11四川綿陽） A. sent B. are sent C. send D. are sending【解析】考查被動語態(tài)的用法。依據(jù)前面介紹“酒后開車是危險的”，可推斷“這就是酒后開車的司機被送進監(jiān)獄的理由，雖然沒有發(fā)生事故”，所以用被動語態(tài)（be+動詞的過去分詞），故選B(11湖北十堰) -Look, what have they done?-Sorry. I think if I _ another chance, Ill do it better. A