高中英語表語從句講解及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)復(fù)習(xí)課程

1、精品資料精品資料精品資料精品資料精品資料表語從句講解及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)概念：表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句。放在系動(dòng)詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是 主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語從句”可以接表語從句的連系動(dòng)詞有 be, look, remain, seem 等?？梢越颖碚Z從句的系動(dòng)詞有： be （being,been,am,is,are,was,were）feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smellstand , lie , remain ,keep, staybecome ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run, fallprove,

2、turn outThe trouble is that we are short of money.困難是我們資金短缺。That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.這就是為什么在新英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。At that time, it seemed as if I couldnt think of the right word anyhow.當(dāng)時(shí)，我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃?。引?dǎo)表語從句的詞：從屬連詞 that、whether、as though、 as if （Th

3、at引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，在口語中，間或可以省略。）關(guān)系代詞 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等；關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever 等。由從屬連詞 that, whether弓I導(dǎo)的表語從句。that在引導(dǎo)表語從句日無詞義，而 whether有詞義，意為、 是否。這時(shí)主句的主語常常是些抽象名詞，如question（問題）,trouble（麻煩）,problem（問題）,result（結(jié)果）,chance（可能性）,s

4、uggestion（建議），idea（想法）,reason啰由）等。表語 從句對主句主語進(jìn)行說明、解釋，使主語的內(nèi)容具體化。例如：The trouble is （that） she has lost his money.麻煩的事是他丟了錢。The question is whether we need more ice cream.問題是我們是否還需要一些冰淇淋。The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.問題是它作為日常之用太貴重了。What she couldn t understand was that fewer

5、and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.們不能理解越來越少的學(xué)生對他的課不感興趣。由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。關(guān)系代詞 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等弓I導(dǎo)表語從句，在句中作主語、賓語、表語，關(guān)系代詞不能省略。例如： The question is which of us should go.問題是我們哪一個(gè)應(yīng)該去。The problem was who could do the work.問題是誰能做這項(xiàng)工作。Thats wh

6、at he is worrying about.那就是他在擔(dān)心的事。Thats what we should do.那是我們應(yīng)該做的。由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。關(guān)系副詞 when, where, how, why除在句子起連接作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，方式或原因狀語，本身具有詞義。例如：Go and get your coat. Its where you left it.去把雨衣拿來。就在你原來放的地方。I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That why I g ot wet through.我們既沒傘也沒雨衣，這是我們淋濕的原因。T

7、hat is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. 那就是老鼠是怎樣每年損害大量糧食的。That is what he is worried about.那就是他所擔(dān)心的。由連詞 because, as if/as though 等弓I導(dǎo)的表語從句。It looked as if it was going to snow.看起來好像要下雪了。Thats because we never thought of it.這是因?yàn)槲覀儚奈聪脒^止匕事。It seems as if he didn t know the Onswerffl道答案。注思

8、A.表語從句一定要用陳述語序。False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel. Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.B.不可以用if,而用whether連接表語從句（as if例外）。引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)可以互換if/whether位于介詞后要用 whether精品資料whethero位于句首時(shí)要用 whethero引導(dǎo)表語從句，主語從句，同位語從句時(shí)要用whetheroFalse: The question is if the enemy is marching

9、towards us.Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.C.不像賓語從句，在有表語從句的復(fù)合句中，主句時(shí)態(tài)和從句時(shí)態(tài)可以不一致。Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.D. that在表語從句中不可以省掉?；?/p>

10、用法表語從句只能置于主句之后，而主句的動(dòng)詞只能是聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞。名詞性從句在be等系動(dòng)詞后作表語時(shí)被稱為表語從句例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need. TOC o 1-5 h z 問題是我們怎樣能弄到我們需要的東西。（how在表語從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語）The scissors are not what I need.這把剪刀不是我所需要的。（what在表語從句中充當(dāng)賓語 ）What I told him was that I would find him a good play.我告訴他的是我會(huì)給他找個(gè)好劇本。（what在主語從句中作

11、直接賓語，that作為表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，不能省略）That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要對你講的。（what在表語從句中充當(dāng)直接賓語）That is why she failed to pass the exam.那就是她考試不及格的原因。（why在表語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語）What I told him was that I would find him a good play.我告訴他的是我會(huì)給他找個(gè)好劇本。（what在主語從句中作直接賓語，that作為表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，不能省略）That is w

12、hat I want to tell you.那就是我想要對你講的。（what在表語從句中充當(dāng)直接賓語）That is why she failed to pass the exam.那就是她考試不及格的原因。（why在表語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語 ）注思“That is why.”是常用句型， 意為“這就是,的原團(tuán)因此，其中why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句中作表語，該句型通常用于針對前面已經(jīng)說明過的原因進(jìn)行總結(jié)，又如：That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne.珍妮，這就是現(xiàn)在這個(gè)老太婆出現(xiàn)在你面前的原因。（前文提到Jeanne對

13、老婦人顯得蒼老憔悴深感詫異，說話人對她講述了其中的原因之后，用這一句來進(jìn)行概括）。That is why I came.這就是我來的原因。下面是兩個(gè)與That is why.”形式相似的結(jié)構(gòu)，它們與That is why.”結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系要能夠辨析清楚：“That is why.與That is the reason why.”同義， 只不過從語法結(jié)構(gòu)上講，“That is the reason why.中 why引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)定語從句，將其中的the reason去掉則與That is why.結(jié)構(gòu)一樣，例如：That is （the reason） why I cannot agree.這就

14、是我不能同意的理由。（2） “That is because./句型中從屬連詞 because引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在此作表語，這也是個(gè)常用句型， 意為“這就是為什么,，/因?yàn)?，That is because.與That is why.”之間的不同在于That is because.”指原因或理由,“That is why.” 則指由于各種原因所造成的后果，例如：He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework. 昨天晚上他沒有去看電影，那是因

15、為他得幫助他的妹妹做作業(yè)。（第一句話說明結(jié)果，第二句話說明原因）He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看過那部電影，因此他昨天晚上沒有去看。（第一句話說明原因，第二句話說明結(jié)果）表語從句與賓語從句的關(guān)系賓語從句和表語從句都屬于名詞性從句。其作用跟名詞在句中的作用相同。故充當(dāng)賓語的句子叫賓語從句，充當(dāng)表語 的句子叫表語從句。賓語從句（1）對于賓語從句要掌握以下三點(diǎn)語序：從句的語序必須是陳述句語序，即“主語+謂語”這種形式。時(shí)態(tài)：當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句可以是任何時(shí)態(tài)，而

16、當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句，從句時(shí)態(tài)必須是過去時(shí)范圍的時(shí)態(tài)，即（一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)）。連接詞：當(dāng)從句意思完整，主句意思肯定時(shí)，連接詞用that,且可以省去，當(dāng)從句意思完整，主句意思不確定或含否定含 意時(shí)，常用if或whether（是否），當(dāng)從句意思不完整時(shí),連接詞則是代替不完整部分的特殊疑問詞。表語從句在句子中起表語作用的從句叫做表語從句，位于主句系動(dòng)詞的后面。表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞和主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞相同。也是名詞性從句的一種。如： What the police want to know is when you entered red the room 警察想知道的

17、是你什么時(shí)候進(jìn)的房間。The trouble is that we are short of funds 困難是我們?nèi)狈Y金。This is what we should do 這是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)做的。注意：從句中的疑問句用正常語序，即陳述語序。 as if, as though, because也可用來引導(dǎo)表語從句。She seems as if she had done a great thingM 看起來好像做 了件大事。It is because you eat too much 是因?yàn)槟愠缘锰嗔?。單?xiàng)選擇1. The question iswe will have our sports

18、meet next week. A. that B. ifC. when D. whether1. The question iswe will have our sports meet next week. A. that B. ifC. when D. whetherThe reason why he failed is he was too careless. A. because B. that C. for D. because ofGo and get your coat. It s yoAJewhiereB. thereC. there where D. where thereT

19、he problem is to take the place of TedA. who can we getB. what we can get C. who we can getD. that we can getA. who can we getB. what we can get C. who we can getD. that we can getifC. whether D.不填why D. whatC. why D. whatifC. whether D.不填why D. whatC. why D. whatC. as D. as though B. when C. what D

20、. becausells being iA. what B. whereD. what it was used to beD. That whatWhat I want to know is he likes the gift given by us. A. thatThe reason is I missed the bus. A. thatB. whenThat is we were late last time. A. thatB. whenShe looked she were ten years younger. A. that B. like I fell sick!-I thin

21、k it is you are doing too much. A. whyThe reason why he hasn t come is.A. because his mother is illB. because of his motherC. that his mother is illD. for his mother is ill He was born here.- That is he likes the place so much. A. that B. what C. why D. howThat is Lu Xun once lived. A. whatB. whereC

22、. thatD. whyyour father wants to know is getting on with your studies.A. What; how are youB. That; how you are C. How ; that you areD. What; how you areThe trouble is we are short of tools. A. what B. that C. how D. why thatAmerica was was first called“India by Columbus.C. the place D. there whereCh

23、ina is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer.A. what it used to be B. what it was used to being C. what it used to beinghe really means is he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That what C. What whatThe energy is makes the cells able to do their work. A. that B. which C. what D. suchI drove

24、 to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that you had a few days off ?A. whyB .what C. whenD. where.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella I got wet through.A. It s the reason That s whC. There s whyD. It s howSee the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning.A. when B. which C.

25、where D. what- Are you still thinking a bout yesterday s gam-eOh, that s.A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excitedWhat surprised me was not what he said but he said it.A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which句子翻譯精品資料

26、精品資料精品資料.這就是我想做的 .這房子正是他最需要的東西。 .這就是Henry怎樣解決問題的 .問題是誰能完成這項(xiàng)困難的任務(wù) .今天討論的話題是未來的學(xué)校會(huì)是怎樣的 .他遲到的原因是交通擁堵 .事實(shí)是他對我撒謊了 . You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is. (disagree)你一直說每個(gè)人應(yīng)該是平等的魂.這就是我不同意之處。.Your coat is still. (where) 你的外套仍然在你放的地方。0.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That is t

27、hrough. (get) 我既沒有雨衣;%也沒有雨傘。這就是為什么我全身被淋濕的原因。. It sounds the door.(as if) 聽起來好像某人正在敲門。. It seems interested in Henry. (become)好像倫敦所有人都變得對亨瑞感興趣。.The last time we had great fun was the Water Park.(visit)上一次我們玩得很開心的時(shí)候是我們正在參觀水族公園的時(shí)候。that/what的區(qū)別your father wants to know is getting on with your studies.A.

28、 What; how are you B. That ; how you are C. How ; that you are D. What; how you areD. why thatthe place D. there whereD. why thatthe place D. there wherewhat it was used to beAmerica was was first called “India by Columbus. A. what B. whereChina is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer.A.

29、what it used to be B. what it was used to being C. what it used to being 5.he really means is he disagrees with us.What thatThat What thatThat what C. What whatD. That whatThe energy is makes the cells able to do their work. A. that B. which C. what D. such系動(dòng)詞分類：一、根據(jù)系動(dòng)詞后所跟結(jié)構(gòu)，我們可以把英語系動(dòng)詞分為兩大類：完全系動(dòng)詞(其后

30、只能跟表語的動(dòng)詞，如be, seem)和半系動(dòng)詞(其后既可跟表語作系動(dòng)詞用法，也可跟賓語或狀語作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用，如look ) 例如：He looked sadly at the boy.(看著，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用法) He looks a clever boy .(看起來，系動(dòng)詞用法)He looks at a clever boy.(看著，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用法)在英語中，某一動(dòng)詞是多義詞，既有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用法，又有系動(dòng)詞用法。二、根據(jù)系動(dòng)詞的意義，我們把英語系動(dòng)詞分為四類：A.五大感官系動(dòng)詞B.狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞 C.動(dòng)態(tài)系動(dòng)詞D.雙謂語系動(dòng)詞 A.五大感官系動(dòng)詞，描述一種感官性質(zhì)。由實(shí)義感官動(dòng)詞變化而來，都是半系動(dòng)詞。

31、look “看起來像是，后接adj.、n.、分詞、介詞短語、不定式等。The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful.這位女孩咬著嘴唇，看上去若有所思。smell 聞起來，后接adj.分詞。The flowers smell sweet.這些花氣味真香。sound 聽起來，后接 分詞。 The music sounds sweet.這首詩聽起來真悅耳。taste 嘗起來，后接 分詞。The apples taste very good.這些蘋果很好吃。Feel“摸起來，給感覺”;“覺得，后接adj./p.p.You will feel better af

32、ter a night s sleep.睡上一晚，你會(huì)覺得好些。B.狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞：be,是，屬完全系動(dòng)詞。I am a student.我是一個(gè)學(xué)生。精品資料seem,“似乎，好像“，完全系動(dòng)詞。They seem quite happy.他們似乎很快樂。appear,“顯得，看起來好像”，半系動(dòng)詞。It appeared。be）a true story.看來這是一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事。keep,保持的狀態(tài)”，半系動(dòng)詞，后接 adj或介詞短語。You d better go to bed and keep warm.你最好躺在床上去暖和一下。remain,仍是，半系動(dòng)詞。I remained silen

33、t.我仍然緘默。stay “保持（某種狀態(tài)），半系動(dòng)詞，后接 adj.、過去分詞。The window stayed open all the ve 證明是，半系動(dòng)詞，后接 adj.n.The treatment proved to be successful.這種療法證明是成功的。C.動(dòng)態(tài)系動(dòng)詞：都屬于半系動(dòng)詞，描述狀態(tài)變化過程。get “變成，變得起來”，后可接形容詞、分詞、介詞短語。The days are getting longer and longer. 白天變得越來越長了。fall 進(jìn)入（某種狀態(tài)），成為“，后常接以下形容詞： asleep, lame, sil

34、ent, ill, sick, flat.The old men, unable to express himself, fell silent. 那位老人說不清自己的意思，就不做聲了。My father fell ill and died.我的父親生病死了。3. grow “漸漸變得起來，長得“It s growing warm. 天氣漸漸暖和起來了。turn “轉(zhuǎn)變成（新的與原來完全不同的色彩或性質(zhì)），變質(zhì)（色）Maple trees turn red in autumn. 楓葉在秋天變紅了。It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it ha

35、s turned fine.今天早上是陰天， 幸好已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)晴了。go,“變成（某種壞的狀態(tài)） The telephone has gone dead.電話不通了。The material has gone a funny colour.這料子的顏色變得奇怪了。go 之后常接的 adj.還有：bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red, with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey.become 變成，成為（好壞均可的情況）”I became interested in drawing. 我開始對素描感興趣

36、了。He became angry with me. 他對我生氣了。They became good friends.他們成了 好朋友。come, “變成為（已知的狀態(tài)），證實(shí)為“，后常接形容詞或前綴un-的過去分詞作表語，表示狀態(tài)或情況的變化。His wish to become a pilot has come true.他想當(dāng)飛行員的愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)了。If you look into the matter, everything will come clear.如果你調(diào)查一下這事，一切都會(huì)清楚。后面常接的形容詞還有：apart, dear （昂貴）,natural, open, short,

37、right （好了），unstuck （沒有粘?。瑄ntied （松開）。run,變成，后接 adj. The price ran high. 價(jià)格上升了。make,“達(dá)到某種狀態(tài)后接形容詞,如 sure, certain, merry, bold, freeWe must make certain of facts.我們一定要弄清事實(shí)。D.雙謂語系動(dòng)詞 此類系動(dòng)詞既有系動(dòng)詞的功能，后接表語，又保留原實(shí)義動(dòng)詞本身的含義。例如：The run rose red.太陽升起紅艷艷。She stopped and stood quite still.她停下來然后一絲不動(dòng)地站著。The snow la

38、y thick on the ground.雪厚厚地堆積在地上。He married young.他結(jié)婚很早。Lei Feng died young.雷鋒早逝。He continued silent.他繼續(xù)沉默不語。系動(dòng)詞單項(xiàng)選擇題The story sounds（MET 89） A. to be true B. as true C. being true D. trueThose oranges taste（MET 91） A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well-Are you feeling? -Yes, I m fine now/（NMET

39、92） A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better-Can I join the club, Dad.-You can when you a bit older.（NMET 94） A. get B. will get C. get D. will have got-Do you like the material? -Yes, it very soft.（NMET 94） A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is feltI love to go to the seaside on Summe

40、r. It good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.（NMET 96）A. does B. feels C. gets D. makesCleaning women in big cities usually get by the hour.（NMET 98） A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to payWhy don t you put the meat in the fridge? It will for several days.（NMET2003 ）精品資料A. be stayed B. stay C. be

41、 staying D. have stayed系動(dòng)詞鞏固練習(xí)What you have said.A . is sounded interesting B sounds interesting C . sound interested D. listens interestedThe class begins. Please keep. A. silent B . silence C. the silence D. silentlyLook! Several people in the crowd seemed. A . to be fighting B .to have fought C . being fough