半島酒店餐飲培訓(xùn)

1、Wine Fundamental Training 葡萄酒基礎(chǔ)知識培訓(xùn) Part 2 Old World Wine1France Home of the fine winesThe most important country in wine worldLargest producer of wine (depending on the vintage)Extraordinary diversity and stylishness2FranceEU RegulationTwo categories:Table wine: can come from anywhereQuality wine =

2、 QWPSR = Quality Wine Produced in a Specific Region3FranceFrench Wine LawVin de Table = Table WineVin de Pays (VdP) = Country WineVins Dlimits de Qualit Suprieure (VDQS)Appellation dOrigine Contrle (AOC or AC)4FranceAOC System5France6France Bordeaux Location: Frances Southwest coast7France - Bordeau

3、xClimate: Maritime climateLong and mild summerWet and cool winter8France - BordeauxSoilLeft bank: GravelRight bank: Clay + limestone9France - BordeauxGrapes - RedCabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Malbec, Petit Verdot, CarmnreCabernet Sauvignon tannin, power, structure, colorMerlot supplene

4、ss, softnessCabernet Franc perfume, structurePetit Verdot tannin, color, acidityMalbec color, tannin10France - BordeauxGrapes WhiteSauvignon Blanc, Semillon, MuscadelleSauvignon Blanc acidity, freshnessSemillon body, texture, alcohol11France - BordeauxNoble Rot (Botrytis)Botrytis (fungus) attack gra

5、pes lose water concentrate acidity, sugar and flavors12France - BordeauxClassification 13France - BordeauxAppellation14France - BordeauxRegional AOC: AC BordeauxDistrict AOC: Mdoc, Haut-Mdoc Commune AOC of Haut-Mdoc 15France - BordeauxSt . EstpheLeast known, least celebrated5 Chateaux in 1855 Classi

6、ficationMore clay in soilslower to mature, austere, and higher in tannin and acidChteau Montrose and Cos dEstournel16France - BordeauxPauillacMost famous and expensive wine region in the world3 out of 5 First Growths are heredeep, well-drained, gravelly soilpowerful, elegant, long-livedblack currant

7、s, pencil lead, cedar, and a classic “dusty” quality on the palateChteau Lafite, Mouton, Latour17France - BordeauxSt JulienNo First Growthvery consistent and high quality overallPower of Pauillac, Charm of MargauxChteau Leoville Las CasesChteau BeychevelleChteau Ducru Beaucaillou 18France - Bordeaux

8、Margaux1 First Growth, Chteau MargauxThe most romantic communeLargest and most variedHigher percentage of sand with gravelLighter, more open, more forward, prettierChateau Margaux19France - BordeauxMoulis & ListracInland communesLess gravelCoarser quality, with firmer tannin & higher acidityVery goo

9、d value20France - BordeauxGraves AOCMuch longer history than MedocWhere Bordeaux is startedRed, White, SweetGravel soilHigher portion of sand and clay in Southern Graves less consistent quality21France - BordeauxPessac Lognan AOCNorthern GravesMore gravel, better drainage, warmer soil high qualityTo

10、bacco, earthy, mineral, lighter structure than MedocChteau Haut Brion, Chteau Pape Clement22France - BordeauxSauternes AOC & Barsac AOCHeavier soil with more clay mixed with gravelSpecial mesoclimate botrytis / noble rotSauvignon Blanc, Semillon, MuscadelleSweet + alcohol + weight + concentrationCht

11、eau dYquem 23France - BordeauxRight BankHuge difference from left bankClimate: cooler than left bankSoil: more clay and limestoneGrapes: more Merlot and Cabernet FrancSmaller production scale than left bank24France - BordeauxSt Emilion AOCRed wine onlyMerlot, supported primarily by Cabernet FrancLim

12、estone plateau: Chteau Cheval BlancGravel + sandy slope: Chteau AusoneSoftness in both acid and tannin, rich fruit (plums and black cherries), relatively higher alcohol25France - BordeauxPomerol AOCVery small, shortest historyHome of grange wineNo classification systemClay and gravel plateau with ir

13、on-rich subsoilMerlot and Cabernet FrancStyle: between plump St Emilion and structural and powerful MedocChteau Petrus26France Burgundy/BourgogneHoly grail for many wine loversAll about terroir hereSmall productionDifficult to understand27France BurgundyLocation: East Central France28France Burgundy

14、Climate: Continental climate Short and hot summer Long and cold winter many different mesoclimateSoil: different forms of limestoneAspect: East and southeast-facing slope29France BurgundyRegional AOC: AC BourgogneDistrict AOC:ChablisCote dOrCote ChalonnaiseMaconnaisBeaujolais30Village or Commune AOC

15、 Ex: AC Puligny-Montrachet AC Gevrey-ChambertinSingle vineyard AOCPremier CruEx: AC Puligny-Montrachet 1er Cru Les Pucelles AC Gevrey-Chambertin 1er Cru CazetiersGrand CruEx: AC Montrachet AC ChambertinFrance Burgundy31France BurgundyChablisLocation: Northern Burgundy, close to ChampagneClimate: Con

16、tinental climateSoil: Limestone (Kimmeridgean) subsoil Chalk and marl topsoilAspect: The best with south-facing32France BurgundyChablisStructure:AC Petit ChablisAC ChablisAC Chablis 1er Cru: about 40 in total, Fourchaume AC Chablis Grand Cru: 7 in total, Les Clos, BougrosStyle: intense mineral and s

17、teely flavors, high acidity, pure, sharp, long aging potential33France BurgundyCte dOrLocation: the heart of soul of Burgundy south of DijonClimate: Continental climateSoil: subsoil: limestone with different type, age, thickness, drainageTopsoil: limestone debris, flints, sand, clay. Aspect: East an

18、d southeast-facing34France BurgundyCte de BeauneLocation: southern part of Cote dOrClimate: Continental climate50% red + 50% whiteGrand Cru: Corton CharlemagneMontrachetChevalier MontrachetBatard Montrachet35France BurgundyCte de BeauneFamous VillagesCortonBeaunePommardVolnayMeursaultPuligny-Montrac

19、hetChassagne-Montrachet36France BurgundyCte de NuitsLocation: Nouthern part of Cte dOrClimate: Continental climateAlmost all red winesGrand Cru: Romanee ContiLa TacheRichebourgChambertinMusignyBonnes Mares 37France BurgundyCte de NuitsFamous VillagesGevrey-ChambertinMorey St DenisChambolle-MusignyVo

20、ugeotVosne-RomaneeNuits-St-Georges38France BurgundyCte ChalonnaiseMconnaisAC MconAC Pouilly-Fuiss BeaujolaisSouthern BurgundyWarmer climate with granite soilGrape: Gamay NoirCarbonic Maceration39France AlsaceLocation: Northeast France, west of Germany40France AlsaceClimate: Continental Rain Shadow E

21、ffect by Vosges MountainSoil: extremely variedGraniteSandstoneLimestoneSchist 41France AlsaceGrapes:RieslingGewurztraminerPinot GrisMuscatStructure:AC AlsaceAC Alsace Grand Cru: 51 in totalAC Alsace Vendage TardivesAC Alsace Slection de Grains Nobles42France LoireLocation: from West coast to central

22、 France43France LoireNantaisAC Muscadet Sevre et MaineClimate: fully maritimeSoil: sand, clay, and gravel over a granitic subsoilGrapes: Melon de BourgogneSur Lie (Lee ageing)Style: light and neutral, some sparkles, citrusy, some yeasty flavor, high acidity44France LoireAnjoy SaumurClimate: Maritime

23、 with continental effectSoil: limestone (tuffeau)Grapes: Chenin Blanc, Cabernet FrancFamous appellation:AC Saumur ChampignyAC SavenniresAC Cteaux du LayonAC Bonnezeaux45France LoireTouraineClimate: Continental with Maritime effectSoil: limestone (tuffeau, chalk)Grapes: Chenin Blanc, Cabernet FrancFamous appellation:AC ChinonAC BourgueilAC Vouvray46France LoireUpper Loire (Central Vineyards)Climate: ContinentalSoil: flinty chalky soilGrapes: Sauvignon BlancFamous appellation: AC Sancerre & AC Pouilly-Fum47France RhneLocation: South-Eastern Boarder48France RhneNort