初中語法專題3冠詞專題

1、冠詞冠詞分為不定冠詞（a, an）,定冠詞（the）,和零冠詞。（一）不定冠詞的用法：1指類人或事，相當(dāng)于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you.3表示“母,相當(dāng)于 every， oneWe study eight hours a day.4表示“相同”相當(dāng)于the sameWe are nearly of an age.5用于人名前，表示不認識此人或與 某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out

2、 That boy is rather a Lei Feng.6用于固定詞組中A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用于 quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8用于so（as, too, how）+形容詞之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.（二）定冠詞的用法:1表示某一類人或物The horse is a useful

3、animal.2用于世上獨 無一的事物名詞前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的 人或事Would you mind opening the door?4用于樂器前面play the violin, play the guitar5用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人the reach, the living, the wounded6表示“家人”或“夫婦”the Greens, the Wangs7用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級最高級、乙 刖He is the taller of the two children.8用于

4、國家黨派等以及江河湖海，山川群島 的名詞前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French9用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前The compass was invented in China.10在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀的某個年 代in the 19905s11用于表示單位的名詞前I hired the car by the hour.12用于方位名詞，身體部位名詞，及表示時 間的詞組前He patted me on the shoulder.（三）零冠詞的用法:1專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名地 名等名詞前Beijing

5、 University, Jack, China, love, air2名詞前有 this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring4表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前Lincoln was made President of America.5學(xué)科，語言，球類，棋類名詞前He likes playing football/chess.6與by連用表示交通

6、工具的名詞前by train, by air, by land7以and連接的兩個相對的名詞并用時husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前Horses are useful animals.（四）特例清單.在某些固定詞組中。例如：at home, by bus, go to school等名詞前不用冠詞。.有些中國傳統(tǒng)樂器前不能加定冠詞the。例如：erhu （二胡），pipa （琵琶），guzheng （古箏）. 一日三餐前一般不加冠詞，但是一日三餐被某個詞所修飾時，一般要加不定 冠詞a或an。例如：a big br

7、eakfast, a quick supper.由festival構(gòu)成的中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日前需要加定冠詞the。例如：the Spring Festival, the Dragon-boat festival.表示成套的東西時，兩個并列的名詞前只需要用一個不定冠詞。例如：a shirt and tie, a knife and fork. 一些短語中，有無冠詞時的意義是不一樣的。例如：in hospital （生病住院）,in the hospital （在醫(yī)院）go to university （上大學(xué)）,go to the university （去大學(xué)）三、即時訓(xùn)練（1）填空There is

8、picture of elephant on wall.This is useful book. Ive read it for hour.elephant is much heavier than horse.doctor told him to take medicine three timesday.Lets go out for walk.Its too hot. Open door, please.There is woman over there. woman is Meimeis mother.sun rises in east.Changjiang River is longe

9、st river in China.Are you going to do it second time?Washington is capital of USA.Turners are living at the end of Turner Street.He joined the army in spring of 1995.old man is teacher. He likes playing basketballafter supper.After I had quick breakfast, I hurried to school.Are sheep kept by farmers

10、 for producing wool and meat?They went to Peoples Park, but we both went to PeoplesCinema yesterdayI often watch TV in evening.day of December 20, 1999 is Monday.Tomorrow is Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose Christmas tree today.I think maths is more important than any other subject.H

11、e often goes to school by bike.What does this word mean, Father?What important news !(2)選擇填空Does Jim have ruler?Yes, he has.A. an； some B. a； one C. a； / D. any； oneThere is old bike. old bike is Mr Zhaos.A . an ； The B. the； An C. a； The D. the； Theapple a day keeps the doctors aw ay.A. The B. A C.

12、 AnD. Two4How many books do you have?I have book. Thats English book.A. a； an B. a； one C. one； an D. one； oneAt that time Tom was one-year-old baby.A. a B. an C. the D./tiger is China.A. The； a B. A； theC. The； from D. The； theWe cant see sun at night.Athe；the Bthe；/ Ca；/ D/；/useful book it is !A.

13、What an B. How a C. What a D. WhatOne afternoon he found handbag. There was son thecorner of handbag.Aa；an；theBa；a；the Can；an；an Dthe；a；aold lady with white hair spoke English well at meeting.AAn；an；a BThe；/；an CThe；/；a DThe；/；theGreat Wall is longest wall in the world.A. A； a B. The； the C. A； theD

14、. The； anew bridge has been built over Huangpu River.AThe；a BA；/CA；theDAn；thewoman over there is popular teacher in our school. AA；an BThe；aCThe；the DA；the TOC o 1-5 h z He used to be teacher but later he turned writer. Aa；aBa；the C/；aDa；/They made him king.A.aB. theC.anD./His father is English teac

15、her. He works in our school.A.aB. anC.theD./Is he American boy ?AanBaCone D/Does Tom often play football after school ? A/；/ B/；the Cthe；/Da；/They passed our school day before yesterday.AanBoneCaDtheAustralia is English-speaking country.AaBanCtheD/21. She hasorange skirt.skirt is niceAa；The Ban；The

16、Can；AD the；The22. This is apple. Itsbig appleAan；a Ba；the C a；an Dan；the23. Look athorse over thereAaBanC . the D . /24. Dont play . basketball here .Its dangerousAaBanC /D the25. There isold woman in the carA/BtheC aD anBeijing is beautiful city. Its capital of China.A. a； a B. the； the C./； the D.

17、 a； theShanghai is in east of China.A./B.anC.aD.theIve been a student there for nearly two and half years.A. a B. an C. the D./Bill is English teacher. He likes playing football. Aa；the Ban；the Ca；/Dan；/The museum is quite far. It will take you half hour to get there by bus.Aan；/ Ban；aCa；/D/；/參考答案：-

18、a； an； thea； an。第一個空的a是泛指，第二個空的an是指“一小時”。An； a。這兩個空都是泛指，故都用不定冠詞。The； the； a。前兩個空都是特指，故填the；后一個空中的a相當(dāng)于every或each, three times a day意為“一天三次”。5. a。go out for a walk意為出去散步”。thea； The。前者泛指，后者特指。The； the。第一個空用the表示太陽是世界上獨一無二的物體；第二個空用the是因為在 方位詞的前面一般用定冠詞。The； the, X。第一空用the是因為在河流名稱的前面用定冠詞；第二空用the是因為在 形容詞最高

19、級前面用定冠詞；第三空“零”冠詞是因為專有名詞前一般不加冠詞。a。a second time意為再一次”、“另一次”。the second time意為“第二次”。此句填a是 表示動作的重復(fù)，而不能用the （表順序）。the； the。第一個the是特指美國的首都。第二個the是在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前 應(yīng)加定冠詞。The。“the +姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)”表示“一家人”或“夫妻二人”。由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前應(yīng) 加 the。the； X。表示在某一年的季節(jié)名稱前應(yīng)加定冠詞。The a； X； X。在球類名稱前不加冠詞。泛指的三餐名稱前不加冠詞。a。三餐名稱前若有形容詞，則可在形容詞前加冠詞，此

20、處是泛指，故用a。X； X； X； X。此句意為，農(nóng)民養(yǎng)羊是為了產(chǎn)毛和肉嗎？ ”前兩個空也可填定冠詞，意為： “那些農(nóng)民養(yǎng)的那些羊是為了產(chǎn)毛和肉嗎？ ”the； the。普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前應(yīng)加the。X； the。TV前不加冠詞?！霸?、午、晚”名詞前加冠詞。The； X； X。第一空是特指。日期名詞前不加冠詞。； aX。學(xué)科名稱前一般不加冠詞。X； X。go to school 上學(xué)。by bike 騎自行車。X； X。指示代詞不能與定冠詞連用。注意news是不可數(shù)名詞，故不能加a。x 一、B。第一空是泛指；第二空的one是不定代詞，用以替代前面的ruler。AC。這是一句諺語，意思是“

21、一天吃一個蘋果，用不著看醫(yī)生。”C。one強調(diào)數(shù)量，用以回答“Howmany.? ”問句；第二個空是泛指，故用an。A。one雖以元音字母開頭，但以輔音音素w開頭，故填a。C。此句意為：“這只老虎來自中國。”B。在“太陽、月亮、地球”的前面一般都加定冠詞the； at night“在夜晚”，注意該短語中 沒有冠詞。CA?！皊”雖為輔音字母，但卻以元音音素e開頭，故填an。D。第一個空填the,是特指那個“白發(fā)老太太”；第二個空不填冠詞，是因為在語言名 稱前面一般不加冠詞。English后面如有l(wèi)anguage,就得說the English languageo 在會議上” 應(yīng)為 at the m

22、eeting oBo the Great Wall長城。C。第一個空是泛指，用a；第二個空是河流名稱，故用theoB。第一個空：“那邊的那個婦女”，是特指；第二個空是指那個婦女的身份、職業(yè)，是 泛指。D。第一個空是泛指；第二個空用“零冠詞”是因為turn后面的名詞前一般都不加冠詞。D。表示某人的職位時可用“零冠詞”。BAAo after school 放學(xué)以后。Do the day before yesterday前天。BB。第一空泛指，第二空特指。A。兩個空都是泛指。C 24.C 25.D 26.D. Do in the east of在某地區(qū)（內(nèi)）的東部。. Ao two and a ha

23、lf years 也可說成 two years and a half,意思都是“兩年半”。D。half an hour半小時，by bus乘公共汽車。A四、課后作業(yè)（一）基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)1. What does your brother like to do after school?He likes to play basketball with his friend.A. aB. anC. /D. the2. It isold book. I don,t like it.A. aB. anC. /D. the3. We can,t seeA. the; the_ sun atnight.B. th

24、e; /C. a; /D. /; /4. One day he foundsuitcase. There wass on the corner ofsuitcase.A. a; an; theB. a; a; theC. an; an; anD. the; a; a5.old man with white hair spokeEnglish well atmeeting.A. An; an; a B. The; /; an C. The; /; a D. The; /; thenew bridge has been built over Marling River.A. The; a B. A

25、; /C. A; theD. An; theShe used to be worker but later she became engineer.A. a; anB. a; theC. /; aD. a; /We made him chairman.A. aB. theC. anD. /Tom Smith is European. He works in our school.A. aB. anC. theD./I can play piano very well, but I don,t know how to play chess atall.A. a; anB. an; aC. the

26、; /D. the; theBeijing is beautiful city. It,s capital of China.A. a; aB. the; theC. /; theD. a; theI will have breakfast after reading my English book.A. a; anB. the; / C. /; /D. a; theThis is orange. It,s small orange.A. an; aB. a; theC. a; anD. an; theDoes Allan often play soccer after school?A. /

27、; /B./; theC. the; /D. a; /young man over there is popular teacher in our school.A. A; anB. The; aC. The; the D. A; the（二）綜合練習(xí)The children stood in circle and danced to music.A. aB. anC. theD.不填I(lǐng) like music, but I don,t like music of this film.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填My classmate Liu Wei is honest boy,

28、so we all like him.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填There isu and“l(fā)” in the word lucky.A. a; an B. an; anC. a; aD. an; aHow long does it take us to go to your hometown from here?一It takes us hour or more to go to my hometown by train.A. an; aB. a; anC. an;不填 D. a;不填Do you know girl in green? She is our monitor.A

29、. aB. anC. theD. 不填There is old watch.old watch is Mr. Zhang,s.A. an; The B. the; AnC. a; TheD. the; TheWhat do you think of movie “Titanic”?-Its good film.A. the; the B. a; theC. the; aD. a; aI don,t believe such 11-year-old girl can break the world record.A. aB. anC. theD.不填This is song I,ve told

30、you, isn,t it beautiful one?A. a; theB. the; aC. the;不填 D.不填；不填Let,s take photo! Everyone, cheese!A. aB. anC. theD. 不填Everyone believes him because he is honest boy.A. aB. anC. theD.不填Li Yundi plays piano after supper every day.A. the;theB. a; aC.the; 不填D.不填; theI like the picture very much because

31、colors match well.A. aB. anC.theD.不填My motheris good at cooking and she is wonderful cook.A. aB. anC.theD.不填（三）真題演練Lee Min-ho is actor from South Korea. He sang Chinese pop songon the 2014 CCTV New Year,s Gala.A. the; an B. /; theC. an; aD. a; /一Look! Who,s boy over there?一Oh, he is my cousin, Bob.

32、He is honest boy.A. a; theB. the; aC. the; anD. a; anShe likes playing piano; her brother likes playing basketball.A. the; aB. a; theC. /; theD. the;/I have English dictionary and it helps me a lot.A. aB. anC. theD. /My cousin went abroad at age of eighteen.A. aB. anC. theD./I think English is usefu

33、l language, and its also important language.A. an; aB. a; anC. an; theD. a; theMrs. Smith has 8-year-old daughter who has won two national paintingprizes.A. aB. anC. theD. /“If you stop dropping litter, I,ll kiss pig.” the head teacher promised thestudents at a school meeting.A. aB. anC. theD. /一Why

34、 did you laugh just now?一Ted wanted to tell us very funny story, but he forgot endinghimself.A. a; anB. the; theC. the; aD. a; the一Can you play guitar?一Sure. Ifs a piece of cake for me.A. aB. anC. theD. /Doing lots of listening practice is one of best ways of becominggood language learner.A. the; th

35、e B. the; aC.不填；aD. the;不填I(lǐng)f we sit by window of the train, we,ll have better view.A. /; theB. /; aC. the; aD. the; the一How was dinner at Mike,s house?一It was great. Mike,s mum is wonderful cook.A. a; theB. the; aC. the; theD. a; anI had unusual day on my last school trip.A. aB. anC. /D. the一Do you

36、have QQ number?一No. Can you tell me how to get?A. a; itB. the; itC. a; oneD. /; oneI have English dictionary and it helps me a lot.A. the B. aC. anD. /My PE teacher often teaches us how to play football.A. aB. anC. /D. theThis is old computer. I want a new one.A. aB. anC. /D. theI love singing and d

37、ancing. I want to be actor in the future. TOC o 1-5 h z A. aB. anC. theD. /一What do you know about kite surfing?It is exciting water sport.A. aB. anC. theD.Look at calendar. It,s June 22.A. aB. anC. theD./Sun Wukong is unusual monkey.A. aB. anC. theD. /一Do you know when is No Tabacco （煙草）Day?一It,s May 31st.A. anB. aC. theD. /Good news! Well have one-day holiday in order to celebrate the 70thanniversary （紀念日）of the victo