2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-北京科技大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)56

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-北京科技大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題In spite of the taxing business schedule, he managed to take some time off for exercise.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.imposingB.demandingC.compulsoryD.temporary【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。taxing表示“費(fèi)力的”；A項(xiàng)imposing“壯觀的”，B項(xiàng)demanding“苛求的，吃力的”，C項(xiàng)compulso

2、ry“義務(wù)的”，D項(xiàng)temporary“暫時(shí)的”。句意：盡管業(yè)務(wù)繁忙，他還是抽出時(shí)間鍛煉身體。根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)正確。2.單選題As an important（ ）for our emotions and ideas, music can play a huge role in our life.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.vesselB.vestC.ventureD.vehicle【答案】D【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)vessel“船，器皿”，B項(xiàng)vest“背心，汗衫”，C項(xiàng)venture“冒險(xiǎn)旅行”，D項(xiàng)vehicle“車輛，交通工具，運(yùn)載工具”。后文提到“音樂(lè)在生活中發(fā)揮重要作用”，根據(jù)前文的our em

3、otion and ideas（我們的情感和思想）可知空格處表示“載體”。句意：作為情感和思想的重要載體，音樂(lè)在我們的生活中扮演著重要的角色。因此，該題D項(xiàng)正確。3.單選題I will tell Tom he is an adopted child, but I will do it in due course.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.at proper timeB.of courseC.in my own wayD.sooner or later【答案】A【解析】考查詞義辨析。in due course表示“在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，及時(shí)”；A項(xiàng)at proper time“在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，B項(xiàng)of course

4、“當(dāng)然”，C項(xiàng)in my own way“以我自己的方式”，D項(xiàng)sooner or later“遲早，早晚”。句意：我會(huì)告訴湯姆他是收養(yǎng)的孩子，但我會(huì)在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候告訴他。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。4.問(wèn)答題Cancer develops when cells in a part of the body begin to grow out control. Although there are many kinds of cancer, they all start because of out-of-control growth of abnormal cells.Normal body

5、 cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly fashion. During the early years of a persons life, normal cells divide more rapidly until the person becomes an adult. After that, cells in most parts of the body divide only to replace worn-out or dying cells and to repair injuries.Because cancer cells con

6、tinue to grow and divide, they are different from normal cells. Instead of dying, they outlive normal cells and continue to form new abnormal cells. Cancer cells often travel to other parts of the body where they begin to grow and replace normal tissue. This process, called metastasis, occurs as the

7、 cancer cells get into the bloodstream or lymph vessels of our body. When cells from a cancer like breast cancer spread to another organ like the liver, the cancer is still called breast cancer, not liver cancer.Cancer cells develop because of damage to DNA. This substance is in every cell and direc

8、ts all its activities. Most of the time when DNA becomes damaged the body is able to repair it. In cancer cells, the damaged DNA is not repaired. People can inherit damaged DNA, which accounts for inherited cancers. Many times though, a persons DNA becomes damaged by exposure to something in the env

9、ironment, like smoking.Cancer usually forms as a tumor. Some cancers, like leukemia, do not form tumors. Instead, these cancer cells involve the blood and blood-forming organs and circulate through other tissues where they grow. Remember that not all tumors are cancerous. Benign tumors do not spread

10、 to other parts of the body and, with very rare exceptions, are not life threatening.Different types of cancer can behave very differently. For example, lung cancer and breast cancer are very different diseases. They grow at different rates and respond to different treatments. That is why people wit

11、h cancer need treatment that is aimed at their particular kind of cancer.Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Half of all men and one-third of all women in the US will develop cancer during their lifetimes. Today, millions of people are living with cancer or have had can

12、cer. The risk of developing most types of cancer can be reduced by changes in a persons lifestyle, for example, by quitting smoking and eating a better diet. The sooner a cancer is found and treatment begins, the better are chances for living for many years.1. How are cancer cells different from nor

13、mal ones?2. Why does cancer cell develop?3. Is cancer hereditary? Why?4. Are all the tumors cancerous? Why or why not? Give your reasons.【答案】答：1.Instead of dying, cancer cells outlive normal cells and continue to form new abnormal cells.2.Cancer cells develop because of damage to DNA.3.Yes, it is be

14、cause people can inherit damaged DNA, which accounts for inherited cancers.4.Not all tumors are cancerous because there are benign tumors, which do not spread to other parts of the body and usually are not life threatening.【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“癌細(xì)胞與正常細(xì)胞有何不同？”。第三段前兩句提到Because cancer cells continue to gro

15、w and divide, they are different from normal cells. Instead of dying, they outlive normal cells and continue to form new abnormal cells.（因?yàn)榘┘?xì)胞繼續(xù)生長(zhǎng)和分裂，所以它們不同于正常細(xì)胞；它們不是死亡，而是比正常細(xì)胞活得更久，并繼續(xù)形成新的異常細(xì)胞），所以把這兩句整合到一起，答案為Instead of dying, cancer cells outlive normal cells and continue to form new abnormal cells

16、（癌細(xì)胞不會(huì)死亡，而是比正常細(xì)胞活得更久，并繼續(xù)形成新的不正常細(xì)胞）。2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“癌細(xì)胞為什么會(huì)產(chǎn)生？”。第四段第一句就提到了Cancer cells develop because of damage to DNA.（癌細(xì)胞的產(chǎn)生是由于對(duì)DNA的破壞），因此答案為這一句。3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“癌癥遺傳嗎？為什么？”。文章第四段提到In cancer cells, the damaged DNA is not repaired. People can inherit damaged DNA, which accounts for inherited cancers.（在癌

17、細(xì)胞中，受損的DNA無(wú)法修復(fù)；人們可以遺傳受損的DNA，這就是遺傳性癌癥的原因）可知，癌癥會(huì)遺傳，原因是癌細(xì)胞破壞的DNA，而受損的DNA可以遺傳。4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“所有的腫瘤都是惡性的嗎？為什么是或?yàn)槭裁床皇?？”。根?jù)第五段最后兩句Remember that not all tumors are cancerous. Benign tumors do not spread to other parts of the body and, with very rare exceptions, are not life threatening.（記住，不是所有的腫瘤都是惡性的；良性腫瘤不

18、會(huì)擴(kuò)散到身體的其他部位，不會(huì)危及生命，除了極少數(shù)例外）可知，不是所有的腫瘤是惡性的。故答案為Not all tumors are cancerous because there are benign tumors, which do not spread to other parts of the body and usually are not life threatening（不是所有的腫瘤都是惡性的，因?yàn)橛辛夹阅[瘤，它們不會(huì)擴(kuò)散到身體的其他部位，通常不會(huì)危及生命）。5.單選題Rumors are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputatio

19、ns, and turning calm situations into（ ）ones.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.turbulentB.tragicC.vulnerableD.suspicious【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)turbulent“動(dòng)蕩的，混亂的，騷動(dòng)的”，B項(xiàng)tragic“悲劇的，悲痛的”，C項(xiàng)vulnerable“易受攻擊的，易受傷害的”，D項(xiàng)suspicious“可疑的，懷疑的”。根據(jù)句子關(guān)鍵詞rumor（謠言）和turning calm situations into（把平靜局面轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椋┛芍?，空格部分要填入一個(gè)與calm相反的詞語(yǔ)，只有A項(xiàng)符合。句意：謠言無(wú)處不在，散布恐懼，

20、損害名譽(yù)，使平靜的局面變得動(dòng)蕩不安。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。6.單選題The FDA was created to（ ）the safety of products, review applications and grant approvals.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.manipulateB.adjustC.regulateD.manage【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)manipulate“操縱，操作”，B項(xiàng)adjust“調(diào)整”，C項(xiàng)regulate“調(diào)節(jié)，控制”，D項(xiàng)manage“管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)”；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞safety of product（產(chǎn)品的安全性）和后面的review（檢查）以及gran

21、t（承認(rèn)，允許）可推斷，空格部分表示“控制，規(guī)范”。句意：FDA的成立是為了監(jiān)管產(chǎn)品的安全性，審查申請(qǐng)和批準(zhǔn)。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。7.單選題It is a curious paradox that we think of the physical sciences as “hard”, the social sciences as “soft” and the biological sciences as somewhere in between. This is interpreted to mean that our knowledge of physical systems is m

22、ore certain than our knowledge of biological systems, and these in turn are more certain than our knowledge of social systems. In terms of our capacity to sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one suspects t

23、hat a reverse order is more reasonable. We are able to sample earths social systems with some degree of confidence that we have a reasonable sample of the total universe being investigated. Our knowledge of social systems, therefore, while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate, is not likely to be

24、 seriously overturned by new discoveries. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on, is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system deri

25、ved from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.In contrast, our image of the astronomical universe, of even the earths geological history, can easily be subject to revolutionary changes as new data come in and new theories are worked out.

26、 If we define the “security” of our image of various parts of the total system as the probability of their suffering significant changes, then we would reverse the order of hardness and see the social sciences as the most secure, the physical sciences as the least secure, and again the biological sc

27、iences as somewhere in between. Our image of the astronomical universe is the least secure of all simply because we observe such a fantastically small sample of it and its record-keeping, is trivial as compared with the rich records of the social systems, or even the limited records of biological sy

28、stems. Records of the astronomical universe, despite the fact that we see distant things as they were long ago, are limited in the extreme.Even in regard to such a close neighbor as the moon, which we have actually visited, theories about its origin and history are extremely different, contradictory

29、, and hard to choose among. Our knowledge of physical evolution is incomplete and highly insecure.1. The word “paradox” (Para. 1) means（ ）.2. According to the author, we should reverse our classification of the physical sciences as “hard” and the social sciences as “soft” because（ ）.3. The author be

30、lieves that our knowledge of social systems is more secure than that of physical systems because（ ）.4. The chances of the physical sciences being subject to great changes are the biggest because（ ）.5. We know less about the astronomical universe than we do about any social system because（ ）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.i

31、mplicationtB.contradictiontC.interpretationtD.confusiont問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.a reverse ordering will help promote the development of the physical sciencestB.our knowledge of physical systems is more reliable than that of social systemstC.our understanding of the social systems is approximately correcttD.we are be

32、tter able to investigate social phenomena than physical phenomenat問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.it is not based on personal experiencetB.new discoveries are less likely to occur in social sciencestC.it is based on a fairly representative quantity of datatD.the records of social systems are more reliablet問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.contradicto

33、ry theories keep emerging all the timetB.new information is constantly coming intC.the direction of their development is difficult to predicttD.our knowledge of the physical world is inaccuratet問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.theories of its origin and history are variedtB.our knowledge of it is highly insecuretC.only a ver

34、y small sample of it has been observedtD.few scientists are involved in the study of astronomy【答案】第1題:A第2題:C第3題:D第4題:A第5題:D【解析】第1題:語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。題干意思是“第一段的paradox意思是”。Paradox本意是“似是而非的觀點(diǎn)，悖論，反論”；根據(jù)題干定位到文章第一句It is a curious paradox that we think of the physical sciences as “hard”, the social sciences as “soft”

35、 and the biological sciences as somewhere in between.（我們認(rèn)為物理科學(xué)是“硬科學(xué)”，社會(huì)科學(xué)是“軟科學(xué)”，而生物科學(xué)則介于兩者之間，這是一個(gè)奇怪的悖論）可知，這句話說(shuō)的是一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，即科學(xué)的類別，而不是一個(gè)事物的正反兩面，所以這不能稱為“悖論”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)“暗示，含義”符合這一語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)“否認(rèn)，反駁”、C項(xiàng)“解釋”和D項(xiàng)“困惑”均不符合。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。第2題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，我們應(yīng)該顛倒自然科學(xué)的硬分類和社會(huì)科學(xué)的軟分類，因?yàn)椤?。第一段第三句提到In terms of our capacity to

36、sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one suspects that a reverse order is more reasonable.（然而，就我們對(duì)相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究能力以及我們對(duì)這些領(lǐng)域的想象至少大致正確的可能性而言，有人懷疑顛倒順序更合理），由此我們可知，之所以認(rèn)為顛倒這三類學(xué)科的排序更具合理性是基于我們對(duì)相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究能力和認(rèn)知大致正確性；C項(xiàng)“我們對(duì)社會(huì)制度

37、的理解大致正確”中的社會(huì)制度屬于“軟科學(xué)”領(lǐng)域，故C項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)“逆向排序?qū)⒂兄诖龠M(jìn)物理科學(xué)的發(fā)展”和D項(xiàng)“我們能更好地調(diào)查社會(huì)現(xiàn)象而不是物理現(xiàn)象”未提及；B項(xiàng)“我們對(duì)物理系統(tǒng)的知識(shí)比社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的知識(shí)更可靠”，文章最后一句話指出Our knowledge of physical evolution is incomplete and highly insecure.（我們對(duì)物理進(jìn)化的認(rèn)識(shí)是不完整的，也是高度不安全的），B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。第3題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者認(rèn)為我們對(duì)社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)比物理系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)更安全，因?yàn)椤?。第一段第四句指出We are able to s

38、ample earths social systems with some degree of confidence that we have a reasonable sample of the total universe being investigated. Our knowledge of social systems, therefore, while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate, is not likely to be seriously overturned by new discoveries.（我們能夠?qū)ι鐣?huì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行有一定

39、可信度的抽樣調(diào)查，因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)整個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域都有合理的樣本；因此我們的社會(huì)系統(tǒng)知識(shí)即使在很多方面還非常不準(zhǔn)確，但卻不容易被新發(fā)現(xiàn)徹底推翻），由此可知，盡管我們對(duì)社會(huì)系統(tǒng)知識(shí)有不準(zhǔn)確性，但是我們有合理的樣本，即使有新發(fā)現(xiàn)也不容易被推翻，所以D項(xiàng)“社會(huì)制度的記錄更可靠”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“它不是基于個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)”，第一段最后一句提到even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience（即使它是建立在非常不完善的個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)上）可知，社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)是基于個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)“新發(fā)現(xiàn)不太可能出現(xiàn)在社會(huì)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域”

40、和C項(xiàng)“它是基于相當(dāng)有代表性的數(shù)據(jù)”文中未提及。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。第4題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“物理科學(xué)發(fā)生巨大變化的可能性最大，因?yàn)椤?。第二段第一句指出In contrast, our image of the astronomical universe, of even the earths geological history, can easily be subject to revolutionary changes as new data come in and new theories are worked out.（相比之下，我們對(duì)天文宇宙的認(rèn)識(shí)，甚至地球的地質(zhì)歷史，都

41、很容易隨著新數(shù)據(jù)的加入和新理論的提出而發(fā)生革命性的變化），由此可以推斷，如果有新數(shù)據(jù)和新理論那么我們對(duì)天文宇宙的認(rèn)識(shí)和地球的地質(zhì)歷史都會(huì)發(fā)生巨大的變化，即物理科學(xué)上的變化，所以A項(xiàng)“矛盾的理論層出不窮”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“新信息不斷地傳入”，原文說(shuō)的是新數(shù)據(jù)而不是新信息；C項(xiàng)“它們的發(fā)展方向很難預(yù)測(cè)”文章未提及；D項(xiàng)“我們對(duì)物理世界的認(rèn)識(shí)是不準(zhǔn)確的”，文章最后一句提到Our knowledge of physical evolution is incomplete（我們對(duì)物理進(jìn)化的認(rèn)識(shí)是不完整的），可知我們對(duì)物理世界的認(rèn)識(shí)是incomplete（不完善的），而不是不準(zhǔn)確的。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

42、第5題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“我們對(duì)宇宙的了解比我們對(duì)任何社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的了解都要少，因?yàn)椤?。根?jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句Our image of the astronomical universe is the least secure of all simply because we observe such a fantastically small sample of it and its record-keeping, is trivial as compared with the rich records of the social systems, or even the limited r

43、ecords of biological systems.（我們對(duì)宇宙的印象是最不安全的僅僅因?yàn)槲覀冇^察到的是如此小的一個(gè)樣本和它的保存記錄，這與豐富的社會(huì)系統(tǒng)記錄相比，甚至和生物系統(tǒng)有限的記錄相比，它都是微不足道的）可知，我們對(duì)宇宙的了解比我們對(duì)任何社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的了解都要少是因?yàn)槲覀冇^察的樣本太小，有關(guān)的記錄太少，而記錄通常是來(lái)自科學(xué)家的研究結(jié)果，所以可推斷是因?yàn)樘煳膶W(xué)領(lǐng)域研究的科學(xué)家很少，故D項(xiàng)“很少有科學(xué)家參與天文學(xué)的研究”正確。A項(xiàng)“關(guān)于它的起源和歷史有各種各樣的理論”，這是我們?cè)谔煳挠钪娣矫嫜芯坑涗浬俸桶踩缘偷木唧w說(shuō)明，不是原因；B項(xiàng)“我們對(duì)它的了解是非常不可靠的”，這是結(jié)果，也不是原

44、因；C項(xiàng)“只有一小部分樣本被觀察到”，這是對(duì)天文學(xué)知識(shí)感覺(jué)不安全的原因，而非對(duì)天文學(xué)了解很少的原因。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。8.單選題Many critics agreed that by and large, this movie was a success in terms of acting and photography.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.all at onceB.by and byC.to some extentD.on the whole【答案】D【解析】考查詞組辨析。by and large表示“大體上，總的來(lái)說(shuō)”；A項(xiàng)all at once“突然”，B項(xiàng)by and by“不久以后

45、”，C項(xiàng)to some extent“某種程度上”，D項(xiàng)on the whole“基本上”。句意：許多評(píng)論家一致認(rèn)為，總的來(lái)說(shuō)，這部電影在表演和攝影方面都是成功的。根據(jù)句意可知，選擇D項(xiàng)正確。9.單選題The presidential candidate（ ）his position by winning several primary elections.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.enforcedB.enrichedC.intensifiedD.consolidated【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)enforce“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行，強(qiáng)制”，B項(xiàng)enrich“使充實(shí)，使肥沃”，C項(xiàng)intensify“增加

46、，強(qiáng)化”，D項(xiàng)consolidate“鞏固，加強(qiáng)”。根據(jù)后面的his position by winning several primary elections（通過(guò)贏得幾次初選而獲得職位）可知，空格部分表示“鞏固”。句意：這位總統(tǒng)候選人通過(guò)贏得幾次初選鞏固了自己的地位。故該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。10.翻譯題Color-blind people have problems that people who perceive color never think about. One very real problem is that of traffic signs and signals. Those

47、 that are red-green color blind have trouble seeing stop signs found on shady streets because they may not notice them against the leaves. In addition, they have trouble identifying signal lights and must memorize the position of the lights to know which signal is being given. Perhaps less of a prob

48、lem is that of dressing. Those who are fashion-conscious avoid brightly colored wardrobes so that they will not wear clashing colors. Perhaps the greatest handicap of color-blind persons is evident when they select occupations. For example, they cannot work as interior decorators, commercial photogr

49、aphers, painters, airline or ship pilots, or railroad engineers.【答案】答：色盲群體可能遭遇一些能夠正常感知顏色群體從未想過(guò)的問(wèn)題。一個(gè)非?，F(xiàn)實(shí)的問(wèn)題是交通標(biāo)志和信號(hào)燈。那些紅綠色盲的人很難看到在樹(shù)蔭底下的停車標(biāo)志，因?yàn)樗麄兛赡懿粫?huì)注意到綠葉下面的停車標(biāo)志。此外，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)谧R(shí)別信號(hào)燈方面有困難，所以他們必須記住信號(hào)燈的位置才能知道發(fā)出的是哪個(gè)信號(hào)?；蛟S還有一個(gè)沒(méi)有那么嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，那就是著裝。追求時(shí)尚的色盲群體會(huì)避免色彩鮮艷的衣柜，這樣他們就不會(huì)穿顏色不協(xié)調(diào)的衣服。也許在選擇職業(yè)時(shí)，色盲群體所面臨的最不利的因素會(huì)更加明顯。例如，他們

50、不能從事室內(nèi)裝潢師、商業(yè)攝影師、畫家、航空或船舶駕駛員或鐵路工程師的工作。11.單選題Certain species disappeared or became（ ）as new forms arose that were better adapted to the Earths changing environment.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.feebleB.extinctC.massiveD.extinguished【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)feeble“微弱的，無(wú)力的”，B項(xiàng)extinct“滅絕的，絕種的”，C項(xiàng)massive“大量的，巨大的”，D項(xiàng)extinguished“熄滅的”。

51、根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞species（物種），可猜測(cè)空格部分應(yīng)該表示“滅絕”。句意：隨著更能適應(yīng)地球環(huán)境變化的新物種的出現(xiàn)，某些物種消失或滅絕。故該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。12.單選題The visiting professor was so（ ）in his field that many of our faculty members became nervous in his presence.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.imminentB.eminentC.precedentD.prudent【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)imminent“即將來(lái)臨的，迫近的”，B項(xiàng)eminent“杰出的，有名的”，C項(xiàng)prece

52、dent“在前的，在先的”，D項(xiàng)prudent“謹(jǐn)慎的，精明的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞visiting professor（客座教授）可知，空格部分應(yīng)該修飾人，A、C選項(xiàng)排除；根據(jù)后面的從句many of our faculty members became nervous in his presence（許多教員一見(jiàn)到他就緊張起來(lái)）可知，D項(xiàng)不太符合句意，故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：這位客座教授在他的領(lǐng)域內(nèi)是如此的杰出，以至于我們的許多教員一見(jiàn)到他就緊張起來(lái)。故該題選擇B 項(xiàng)正確。13.單選題The importance of protecting rainforests from human invasion

53、 is increasingly realized by developing and developed countries（ ）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.bothB.eitherC.alikeD.apart【答案】C【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)both“兩者都”，B項(xiàng)either“也，而且，兩者之中的一個(gè)”；C項(xiàng)alike“相似地，同樣地”，D項(xiàng)apart“相距，分離者”。空格前面是由and連接的兩個(gè)并列成分，那么空格處需要填入一個(gè)副詞與之呼應(yīng)；A項(xiàng)用于bothand（兩個(gè)都），所以排除；B項(xiàng)用于兩者中的其中一個(gè)，B項(xiàng)排除；句意：保護(hù)熱帶雨林的重要性日益為發(fā)展中國(guó)家和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家所重視。根據(jù)句意可知D項(xiàng)不

54、符句意，因此C項(xiàng)正確。14.單選題Readers are required to comply with the rules of the library and mind their manners.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.observe tB.memorize tC.comment tD.request【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。comply with表示“照做，遵守”；A項(xiàng)observe“觀察，遵守”，B項(xiàng)memorize“記住，背熟”，C項(xiàng)comment“發(fā)表評(píng)論，發(fā)表意見(jiàn)”，D項(xiàng)request“要求，請(qǐng)求”。句意：讀者應(yīng)遵守圖書(shū)館的各項(xiàng)規(guī)定，注意自己的行為舉止。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正

55、確。15.問(wèn)答題In the 1920s demand for American farm products fell, as European countries began to recover from World War I and instituted austerity(緊縮) programs to reduce their imports. The result was a sharp drop in farm prices. This period was more disastrous for farmers than earlier times had been, bec

56、ause farmers were no longer self-sufficient. They were paying for machinery, seed and fertilizer, and they were also buying consumer goods. The prices of the items farmers bought remained constant, while prices they received for their products fell. These developments were made worse by the Great De

57、pression, which began in 1929 and extended throughout the 1939s.In 1929, under President Herbert Hoover, the Federal Farm Board was organized. It established the principle of direct interference with supply and demand, and it represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic stab

58、ility for farmers.President Hoovers successor attached even more importance to this problem. One of the first measures proposed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt when he took office in 1933 was the Agricultural Adjustment Act, which was subsequently passed by Congress. This law gave the Secretary o

59、f Agriculture the power to reduce production through voluntary agreements with farmers who were paid to take their land out of use. A deliberate scarcity of farm products was planned in an effort to raise prices. This law was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court on the grounds that general

60、 taxes were being collected to pay one special group of people. However, new laws were passed immediately that achieved the same result of resting soil and providing, flood-control measures, but which were based on the principle of soil conservation. The Roosevelt Administration believed that rebuil