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Unit2SmartCars第1頁Objectives1.understandthemainideaandstructureofthetext;2.learnsometechniquesinexpositorywriting(definition,quotes,amixtureoffactsandopinions,etc.)4.conductaseriesofreading,listening,speaking,andwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.3.graspthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;第2頁Pre-ReadingWarming-up
Weoftenuse“smart”todescribeapersonsuchas:Heisasmartguyorsheisasmartgirl.So“smart”meanscleverorcute.Buttheauthoruses“smart”todescribecars.Wemayguessthiskindofcarsshouldbeclevertoo,canwealsocallthemintelligentcars?
Beforewereadthetexttofindtheanswer,first,let'stalkaboutsomerelevantinformationondaily-usedcars.第3頁RelevantInformation:
SmartCars第4頁Thefirstself-propelledcarwasbuiltbyNicolasCugnotin1769whichcouldattainspeedsofupto6kms/hour.In1771heagaindesignedanothersteam-drivenenginewhichransofastthatitrammedintoawall,recordingtheworld’sfirstaccident.
TheInventionofCars第5頁Somefamousbrandsofcars第6頁GeneralMotors
GeneralMotors(GM)hassteeredaroundcompetitorstoremaintheworld‘sfirstmakerofcarsandtrucks,withbrandssuchasBuick,Cadillac…第7頁
FordMotorCompanyoffersawealthofvarietytotheautomotiveconsumer.LandRover
VehicleBrands
Volvo
Jaguar
Lincoln
AstonMartin
Mazda
第8頁
:
DaimlerChryslers’passengercarbrandsincludeMaybach邁巴赫Dodgeandsmart.Mercedes-Benz,Chrysler,Jeep?第9頁Toyotaisaworldfamousbrandofcars.ThecompanyisinJapan.第10頁Thisbrandhasstoodformorethan100years.ItisaGermancompany.第11頁Doyouwanttoownacar?Pleasestateoutyourreason.第12頁
DiscussionRequestsA.IfIcouldaffordacar,Iwillbuyonewithouthesitationbecause…….B.EvenifIcouldaffordacar,Imaynotactuallywanttodriveonebecause…...第13頁DiscussionForstudents:Themeritsanddemeritsofcars.Somescientistsandengineerscomeupwiththeideaofa“smartcar”.Let’shavealookatwhat“asmartcar”is.第14頁PartI(P1-P3)WordsandExpressions1.To/becomearealityeg.WorkingathomeandcommunicatingwithfellowworkersviatheirPCshasbecomeareality.Automobile:
1895年,法國科學院正式把這種乘人車輛定名為“汽車”(Automobile),該詞源自希臘文Auto(自己)和拉丁文mobile(運動),即自己運動車輛。
第15頁2.lucarative:producingmuchmoney;profitable第16頁
3.manufacturemakegoodsonalargescaleusingmachinerye.g:Britainnowmanufacturesapproximately40percentofEurope’sdesktopcomputers.manufacturern制造商
manufactory
n制造廠,工廠
manufacturinga.制造,生產
manufacturingindustry:制造工業(yè)MainIdea:Newtechnologywillhaveadramaticimpactoncarsandhighwaysinthe21stcentury第17頁PartII(P4-P9)MainIdea:
Withtheaidofadvancedtechnology,smartcarswillbesodesignedthattheycanhelp:
*eliminatetrafficaccidents,
*determinetheirownpreciselocations,
*warnoftrafficjams.
第18頁Whatistheapproximatenumberofstudentsineachclass?Thesepercentagesareonlyapproximate.Approximately$150millionistobespentonimprovementsonschoolbuildings.WordsandExpressionsapproximate:anapproximatenumber,amount,ortimeisclosetotheexactnumber,amountetc,butcouldbealittlebitmoreorlessthanit=rough<examples>第19頁tocompletelygetridofsomethingthatisunnecessaryorunwantede.g.3Fattyfoodsshouldbeeliminatedfromthediet.e.g.1.Thecreditcardeliminatestheneedforcashorcheques.e.g.2Theteachershouldtrytoeliminatethepossibilitythatthechildhasahearingdefect.eliminate:第20頁amassoftinydropsofmoistureformingcloudormist汽,霧Theatmospherealwayscontainssomemoistureintheformofwatervapor.
vapor:<example>第21頁
warnsb.thattheremaybedanger,trouble,etc使警覺
1.Theteacheralertedthestudentstothedangerofswimmingintheriver.
2Themanageralertedthestafftothecrisisfacingthecompany.(搭配)
alertsb.;alertsb.tosth.alert:<examples>第22頁lane:oneofthetwoorthreeparallelareasonaroadwhicharedividedbypaintedlinestokeeptrafficapart.e.g.3:Carsinthefastlaneweretravellingatover80milesanhour.e.g.1:Thatidiotchangedlaneswithoutsignalling.e.g.2:Usetheoutsidelaneforovertakingonly.第23頁prototype:Thefirstformthatanewdesignofacar,machineetchas,oramodelofitusedtotestthedesignbeforeitisproducedsomeoneorsomethingthatisoneofthefirstandmosttypicalexamplesofagrouporsituation.1:aworkingprototypeofthenewcar2:Bellutteredtohisassistantthewords,“Mr.Watson,comehere;Iwantyou,”usingaprototypetelephone.<examples>第24頁monotonous:boringbecauseofalwaysbeingthesame1:amonotonousdiet2:alittleboywhowethisbedwithmonotonousregularity.3:Ourteamkeptlosingwithmonotonousregularity.(=inawaythatseemsboringorannoying).<examples>第25頁
athingthatcanbedangerousorcausedamage;adangerorrisk
1.Theresearchhasconfirmedthattobaccosmokepresentsahazardtohealth.2.Smogdevelopedintoamajorhealthhazardbythe20thcentury.hazard:<examples>第26頁1.Thewholehousevibrateswheneveraheavytruckpasses.2.Soundsareproducedbyobjectsthatvibrateintheairataratethattheearcandetect.
vibrate(causesth.to)moverapidlyandcontinuouslybackwardsandforwards<examples>第27頁sendout:
transmit(asignal,etc)byradiowaves
<example>Batssendoutsoundwavesandmakesenseoftheirenvironmentfromtheechoestheyreceive.第28頁
changefromoneformorusetoanother(followedbyinto/to)convert:<examples>
1.Heconvertedhispoundsintodollars.2.Waterisconvertedintosteamifitisboiled.第29頁
haveamutualrelationshiporconnection,inwhichonethingaffectsordependsonanother(followedbywith/to)correlate1.Medicalevidenceshowsthatsmokingandlungcancerarecorrelated.2.Amother’ssmokinginpregnancycorrelateswithlowbirthweightinherbaby.<examples>第30頁While-readingtasksFindingoutdefinitionsInparttwo,wewillfindsometermsinquotationmarksorwithcapitalizedfirstletters,suchas“blindspot”,GlobalPositioningSystem,“atomicclocks”,“telematics”and“automateddriver”.Whatdotheymean?Howdowefindout?第31頁3.“atomicclocks”4.telematics1.“blindspot”2.GlobalPositioningSystemWhatdotheymean?
Howdowefindout?第32頁Forexample,whenyoucomeacrossthissentenceinPara.5thelastline.
Ibelieveanefficientreaderknows.Youcanmakeaguessbasedonknowledgeofword-formationorknowledgeoftheworldorthecontext.“Shouldyoumakeaseriousdrivingmistake(e.g.changelaneswhenthereisacarinyour“blindspot”)thecomputerwouldsoundanimmediatewarning”Youcanguessfromthecontextthatablindspotmustbeaportionoftheroadbehindacar,whichadrivercannotobservefromtherear-viewmirror.第33頁WhatisGPS?Andcanyoutellmeit’sfunction?Whatisanatomicclock?Whatisanautomateddriver?Trytomakeaguess第34頁Wecanguessthemeaningof“telematics”fromitswordformation.Payattentionhere:Theprefix“-matics”maybetheendpartof“informatics”.Thenthesentenceinthetext—Para.11thefirstsentence:“GPSisactuallybutpartofalargermovent,called‘telematics’”—tellsusmoreaboutit.第35頁So,tobeanefficientreader,youshouldlearntoguessthewordsmeaningbasedonknowledgeofwordformation.Andinthisunit,wearegoingtolearnoneimportantwordformation,thatis—Abbreviation第36頁classassignmentsWordformation第37頁Pleaseturntopage49InBookⅢ,wetouchedupontwotypesofabbrevation:initialismandaronymToday,wewillmainlydealwithtwomoretypes:clippingandblending第38頁WordFormationAbbreviation第39頁Clippingmeansformingawordbyomittingsomelettersofaword.e.g.第40頁Blendingmeansformingawordbycombiningpartsofsomeotherwords.
e.g.第41頁Nowtrytofindoutwhatwordsthefollowingclippedwordsandblendsareformedfrom:第42頁PartIII(P10~P13)WordsandExpressionsmountfix(sth.)inpositionforuse,displayorstudy;put(sth.)intoplaceonasupport<examples>1.Someautomobilesweredesignedwithatransmissionmountedontherearaxle.2.Thefirstgas-poweredvehicleslookedlikehorsesbuggieswithenginesmountedunderneath.第43頁grouptogether(bothactiveandpassive)
Abunchofrosebunch1.Theybunchedtogethertoallowotherstosqueezeintothecrowdedelevator.2.Therunnerswerestillbunchedtogetheronthetrack.<examples>第44頁bepoisedto(do):bereadytotakeactionatanymoment
Theautomobilecompanyispoisedtolaunchitsnewadvertisingcampaign.<example>第45頁aswell:tooe.g.1Youmightaswellapplyfort
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