2022年考研考博-考博英語-湖南師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號16

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-湖南師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題

Theeducatedmanispresumedtoknowwhatiswrongintheworld,andwhatshouldbedonetorectifyit.Ifhiseducationhasamountedtoanything,itshouldhaveincreasedhisabilitytothinkclearlyandscientifically,andthustoknowhowtogetatthecauseandeffectofpolitical,social,economicindustrialevils.Nomanhasrighttoconsidereducationasmerelyapersonalbenefitenablinghimtobemoreprosperousandhappyintheworld.Hemustlookuponitasimposinguponhimaresponsibilitytoincreasethewelfareofothers.Toomanyregarditastheirownpossession,anddonotrealizethatitissomethingtobesharedwithothers,andtobeusedforgoodofsocietyatlarge.

【答案】受過教育的人被認(rèn)定能辨別是非,并能正確改正。如果他受的教育已經(jīng)達(dá)到了一定程度,便能提高其進(jìn)行清晰和科學(xué)思維的能力,從而了解政治、社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)工業(yè)犯罪所產(chǎn)生的原因和所造成的影響。沒有任何人有資格只把教師當(dāng)作自己的個(gè)人利益,利用教育使自己在這世界上變得更加富有和幸福。他必須把它看作為強(qiáng)加于他身上的以増加他人福利的職責(zé)。太多人把教育作為自己獨(dú)有的財(cái)富,從未認(rèn)識到應(yīng)該與他人一起分享,將其最大限度地用在社會(huì)公益事業(yè)上。

2.翻譯題

長城是人類創(chuàng)造的世界奇跡之一。如果你到了中國卻沒去過長城，就像到了巴黎沒去看菲爾鐵塔(EiffelTower)，或者就像到了埃及沒去看金字塔一樣。人們常說：“不到長城非好漢?！睂?shí)際上，長城最初只是一些斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的城墻，直到秦朝統(tǒng)一中國后才將其連接成長城。然而，今天我們看到的長城——東起山海關(guān)，西至嘉峪關(guān)——大部分都是在明代修建的。

【答案】TheGreatWallisoneofthewondersoftheworldthatcreatedbyhumanbeings!IfyoucometoChinawithoutclimbingtheGreatWall,it’sjustlikegoingPariswithoutvisitingtheEiffelTower;orgoingtoEgyptwithoutvisitingthePyramids!Menoftensay,“HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.”Infact,itbeganasindependentwallsfordifferentstateswhenitwasfirstbuilt,anddidnotbecomethe“GreatWall”untiltheQinDynasty.However,thewallweseetoday,startingfromShanhaiguanPassintheeasttoJiayuguanPassinthewest,wasmostlybuiltduringtheMingDynasty.

3.單選題

Theteacherwasinaragewithhim,forhishandwritinginthecompositionwas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.illegible

B.incomprehensible

C.inaudible

D.decipherable

【答案】A

【解析】illegible難以辨認(rèn)的,字跡潦草的；incomprehensible費(fèi)解的,不可思議的；inaudible聽不見的；decipherable可辨認(rèn)的,可解密的。句意：老師對他很生氣,因?yàn)樗淖魑淖舟E潦草。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

4.單選題

Her30-yearstudyoftheGombeNationalParkchimpanzeesisthelargestcontinuousfieldprojecteverrecorded.Ithasmadeher—andthechimpanzees—aliving______,earningherhonorarydegrees,doctoratesandwildlifeconservationawardsallovertheworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.legend

B.specimen

C.maximum

D.document

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)legend“傳奇”；B選項(xiàng)specimen“樣本”；C選項(xiàng)maximum“最大限度”；D選項(xiàng)document“文件”。句意：她花了30年研究貢貝國家公園里的黑猩猩，是有記錄以來規(guī)模最大的連續(xù)野外研究項(xiàng)目。這讓她和黑猩猩們成為活生生的______，并獲得了世界各地的榮譽(yù)學(xué)位、博士學(xué)位和野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)獎(jiǎng)。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是有記錄以來規(guī)模最大的連續(xù)野外研究項(xiàng)目，超出了人們的想象，A選項(xiàng)legend“傳奇”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Theaddictivenatureofonlinegamblinghasforcedmany______garnerstoseektreatment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sedative

B.fortified

C.compulsive

D.impulsive

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)sedative“鎮(zhèn)靜劑”；B選項(xiàng)fortified“（在物質(zhì)或精神上）加強(qiáng)”；C選項(xiàng)compulsive“欲罷不能的”；D選項(xiàng)impulsive“易沖動(dòng)的”。句意：在線賭博成癮的基本特征迫使許多______的賭徒尋求治療。這里的賭徒對賭博上癮，不能控制自己停下賭博，C選項(xiàng)compulsive“欲罷不能的”形容他們符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Wewillintroducelegislationtosimplifytrademarkregistrationsandextendtherightsthey______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confer

B.exclude

C.allot

D.commend

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)confer“授予（獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)、學(xué)位、榮譽(yù)或權(quán)利）”；B選項(xiàng)exclude“不放在考慮之列；防止……進(jìn)入，阻止……參加，把……排斥在外”；C選項(xiàng)allot“分配，配給（時(shí)間、錢財(cái)?shù)龋?；分派（任?wù)等）”；D選項(xiàng)commend“贊揚(yáng)；舉薦”。句意：我們將出臺(tái)立法，簡化商標(biāo)注冊程序，擴(kuò)大他們______的權(quán)利。橫線處和they形成主謂關(guān)系來修飾rights“權(quán)利”，A選項(xiàng)confer“授予（獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)、學(xué)位、榮譽(yù)或權(quán)利）”對應(yīng)rights“權(quán)利”，符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.翻譯題

21世紀(jì)是一個(gè)將我們聯(lián)系在一起的網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代。無論我們愿意與否,我們的社會(huì)生活與經(jīng)濟(jì)生活已密不可分。我們意識到先進(jìn)的電子網(wǎng)絡(luò)使我們能夠跨越時(shí)空限制,利用以前難以想象的商機(jī)。這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界己開辟了一個(gè)嶄新的創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的天地,把我們帶入一個(gè)前所未有的網(wǎng)絡(luò)智能吋代。這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)智能新時(shí)代表明,我們可以將自己的知識和創(chuàng)造力結(jié)合起來,取得經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和社會(huì)發(fā)展的新突破。

【答案】The21stcenturyisanetworkagebindingustogether.Whetherwearereadyornot,oursociallifehasbeeninseparablefromeconomiclife.Andwerealizethattheadvancedelectricalnetworkcanmakeuscrossthetimeandspacelimitationstotakeadvantageofthepreviouslyunimaginablebusinessopportunity.Thenetworktimehasopenedupanewworldforinnovationanddevelopment,bringingusintoanunprecedentederaofnetworkintelligence.Thisnewageofnetworkintelligenceshowsthatwecancombineourknowledgeandcreativityandmakenewbreakthroughintheeconomicgrowthandsocialdevelopment.

8.單選題

I______themeetingyesterday,butsomeurgentmatterpreventedmefromcoming.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.oughttoattend

B.wasabouttoattend

C.wastohaveattended

D.wastoattend

【答案】C

【解析】考查謂語動(dòng)詞。A選項(xiàng)oughttoattend“應(yīng)該參加”；B選項(xiàng)wasabouttoattend“即將參加，正打算參加”；C選項(xiàng)wastohaveattended“本來要參加（卻結(jié)果沒參加）”；D選項(xiàng)wastoattend“將要參加（表示預(yù)先安排好的計(jì)劃或約定）”。句意：我本來打算昨天參加會(huì)議的，但有一件緊急的事阻止我前往。根據(jù)urgentmatterpreventedmefromcoming“緊急的事阻止我前往”可知，我原本想?yún)⒓訒?huì)議，C選項(xiàng)wastohaveattended“本來要參加（卻結(jié)果沒參加）”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Whenworkingonhisnovel,hewasperfectlycautiousnottomakeevena（）ofthepen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.slid

B.slip

C.glide

D.skid

【答案】B

【解析】aslipofthepen為固定搭配,意為“筆誤”。句意：在寫小說時(shí),他非常小心謹(jǐn)慎以免出現(xiàn)筆誤。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

10.單選題

Whatyousaynowisnot（）withwhatyousaidlastweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.permanent

D.insistent

【答案】A

【解析】consistent一致的；persistent固執(zhí)的；permanent永久的，不變的；insistent堅(jiān)持的。句意：你現(xiàn)在所說的與你上星期所說的不一致。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

11.單選題

Themedicine（）hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.increased

B.alleviated

C.interrupted

D.deteriorated

【答案】B

【解析】increase增加；alleviate減輕，緩和；interrupt中斷，打擾；deteriorate惡化。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指減輕疼痛，選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.單選題

She（）alargesumtothecollegeendowmentfund.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.submitted

B.donated

C.applied

D.granted

【答案】B

【解析】submit提交；donate捐贈(zèng)；apply應(yīng)用，申請；grant授權(quán)。根據(jù)“endowmentfund”可知這里是捐贈(zèng)了一大筆錢，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

13.翻譯題

Timeisalwaysariddleformanthroughouttheages.Peoplealivecanonlyhave“today”—theverydayandtheverymoment.However,wearedifferentinmakinguseof24hours.Wedifferinwhatwedoin24hours(whatwedoin24hoursisdifferent),therefore,whatwegetisdifferent.Someidletheirtimeawayandmissedmanyopportunitiesbecauseofdelay.Somespendtheirtimeinbenefitingothers,someworkhardtomoveforward.Howdoyouspendyourtime?Ifyouspendsometimethinkingitover,youwillbebenefited.

【答案】古往今來，時(shí)間對人來說難以捉摸。每個(gè)活著的人只能掌握“今天”——只能掌握今時(shí)今日。不過，怎樣運(yùn)用這二十四小時(shí)，我們每個(gè)人都各有差異。我們在這24小時(shí)里所做的事情不同，因此得到的也就不同。有的人虛度光陰，延誤時(shí)機(jī)；有的人做利他之事；有的人則奮發(fā)向上。你怎樣運(yùn)用你的時(shí)間呢？如果你花些時(shí)間思考，定會(huì)從中受益。

14.單選題

TherapidgrowthofFlorida’scitieshascausedthestate’sroadsandhighwaystobecome（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wornout

B.impassable

C.congested

D.muffled

【答案】C

【解析】wornout疲憊不堪的,耗盡的；impassable不能通行的；congested堵塞的,擁擠的；muffled聽不清的,蒙住的。句意：佛羅里達(dá)州城市的快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致該州的道路和高速公路變得擁擠不堪。選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

15.單選題

Thechildis______alltheevidenceforhisopinion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notencourageeithertobecriticalforhisopinion

B.encouragedeithertobecriticalnortoexamine

C.eitherencouragedtobecriticalortoexamine

D.neitherencouragedtobecriticalnortoexamine

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語從句。句意：孩子______被鼓勵(lì)批判，______被鼓勵(lì)檢驗(yàn)支持他的觀點(diǎn)的所有證據(jù)。A、B選項(xiàng)用法錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)either…or“要么……要么”；D選項(xiàng)neither…nor“既不……也不……”。批判和檢驗(yàn)都有判斷是非對錯(cuò)的含義，屬于同樣的意思，D選項(xiàng)neither…nor比較符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Thegardenlookedasifit______foryears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wasn’twatered

B.didn’twater

C.hasn’twatered

D.hadn’tbeenwatered

【答案】D

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這花園看起來多年未澆水。looked為一般過去時(shí)，澆水的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的過去，側(cè)重未澆水的結(jié)果，用過去完成時(shí)；結(jié)合花園被澆水確定用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，D選項(xiàng)hadn’tbeenwatered符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Companiesspendmillionsofdollarsonadsandcommercials,tryingto（）theAmericanpublicintopurchasingtheirproducts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.misplace

B.mock

C.maneuver

D.manifest

【答案】C

【解析】misplace放錯(cuò)地方；mock嘲笑；maneuver調(diào)動(dòng),調(diào)遣；manifest證明,顯示。句意：公司花費(fèi)數(shù)百萬美元在廣告和商業(yè)上,試圖調(diào)動(dòng)美國民眾購買他們的產(chǎn)品。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

18.單選題

Language,cultureandpersonalitymaybeconsidered（）ofeachotherinthought,buttheyareinseparableinfact.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indistinctly

B.indefinitely

C.irrelevantly

D.independently

【答案】D

【解析】indistinctly朦朧地；indefinitely無限地,不明確地；irrelevantly不相干地；independently獨(dú)立地。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)填入與inseparable相反的詞,選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

19.單選題

Thevirusisusuallyblood-borneandmay______almostanyorganinthebody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.patronize

B.infect

C.engrave

D.enroll

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)patronize“屈尊對待；贊助”；B選項(xiàng)infect“感染”；C選項(xiàng)engrave“在……上雕刻（字或圖案）”；D選項(xiàng)enroll“注冊”。句意：這種病毒通常是血液傳播的，可以______幾乎身體的任何器官。橫線處和organ“器官”形成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，病毒感染身體，B選項(xiàng)infect“感染”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Thesellerorhisagentsarenotobligedinlawtotellyouofthedefectsortrueconditionsofthehouse.So,itisimportantthatyourownsurveyorissenttomakeastructuralsurveyofthehouseafteryouhavemadeanofferforin,butbeforeyouenterlegalcommitment.

Yoursurveyor’sjobistofindoutalltheinternalandexteriordefectsinthehouseandtoindicatetoyouhowmuchmoneyitwillcosttoputthemright.Hewilltellyouwhetherthehouseisworththepricebeingaskedandmaysuggestapricetonegotiatewiththeseller.Ifhedoeshisjobwell,hewillearnhis-fee(whichforastraightforwardsurveyofafive-roomhouseisnotlikelytobelessthan￡50)byprovidinginformationwhichcanbeusedtostartnegotiations.

Manydefectsarenotapparenttotheordinaryhousebuyerbutcanbedelec1eddetectedbytheexpert—thesurveyor.Thebuildingsocietyorlocalauthorityfromwhichyouhopetogetaloanwillsenditsissurveyortoo,whosefeeyouwillhavetopay.Thissurveyormakesonlyavaluation(notafullsurvey)toseewhetherthepriorityisgoodsecurityforthepartofthepurchasepriceyoumightbeleant.Hisreportisconfidentialandmaynotbeavailabletoyou,thoughbuildingsocietymaybepreparedtotellthepurchaseraboutreallymajordefectsfollowingtheirvaluation.Theymayinfactmakeitaconditionofthemortgagethatyouwillhavethedefectsrepairedwithinastatedtime(atyourownexpenseofcourse).

Ifyouarebuildinganewhouse,youwillalsoneedassurancethatthehouseisproperlybuiltandthebuildingwillaccepttheresponsibilityforanydefectsthatmayappearduetopoordesign,materialsorworkmanship.IfabuilderisrestrictedwithNationalHouse-Builders’RegistrationCouncil,youwillknowthatthehousehasbeenspot-checkinspectedatperiodicintervalsduringbuildings.Arbitrationmachineryandfornewly-builthouse,a10-yearprotectionagainstmajorstructuraldefects,existshouldthingsgowrongandthebuilderseektoavoidresponsibility.

Ifthebuilderisnotregistereditwillbewisetogetacompetentsurveyortocheckthehouseoverduringvariousstagesofconstruction.(Hewillchargeafeeforeachvisittothesite.)

1.Whatstageinbuyingahouseisasurveyoremployed?

2.Whatisthemainreasontoemployasurveyor?

3.Whydoesthebuildingsocietyorlocalauthoritysendisownsurveyor?

4.Themaindifferencebetweenthesurveyorsemployedbyyouandthebuildingsocietyisthat________.

5.Thebuyerofanewhousehastobesurethat________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Afteryouhaveinspectedthehouseyourself.

B.Shortlybeforeyoutakeupresidenceinthehouse.

C.Beforeyouhaveanykindofdiscussionabouttheprice.

D.Duringtheearlystageoffreenegotiation.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toinspectandreportontheconditionofthehouse.

B.Totellyouthetruevalueofthehouse.

C.Toassistyouinnegotiatingforalowerprice.

D.Toadviseyouaboutcarryingoutrepairs.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Toprovidethemwithinformationtheyneedinadvisingthepossiblebuyer.

B.Tocheckthereportpreparedbythebuyer’ssurveyor.

C.Tocheckwhatrepairsthebuyermustcarryoutbeforegettingaloan.

D.Tofindoutwhetheritwillbeadvisabletolendthepurchasemoney.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thesecondsurveyorisnotinterestedinthedefectsofthehouse

B.youdonothavetopayforthesecondsurveyor

C.thesecondsurveyor’sjobistodecidewhatthehouseisworth

D.thesecondsurveyor’sjobistofindoutwhetherhouseisfittolivein

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theconstructionofthehousehasbeenconstantlysupervised

B.seriousconstructionalfaultswillbeputrightduringvariousstagesofconstruction

C.hewillhavelegalprotectioninthecaseofadisputewiththebuilder

D.thebuilderisregisteredwiththeNationalHouse-Builders’RegistrationCouncil

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段So,itisimportantthatyourownsurveyorissenttomakeastructuralsurveyofthehouseafteryouhavemadeanofferforit,butbeforeyouenterlegalcommitment.（因此，重要的是，在你提出報(bào)價(jià)后，但在你進(jìn)入法律承諾之前，要派你自己的測量師對房子進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)測量）和第二段Yoursurveyor’sjobistofindoutalltheinternalandexteriordefectsinthehouseandtoindicatetoyouhowmuchmoneyitwillcosttoputthemright.Hewilltellyouwhetherthehouseisworththepricebeingaskedandmaysuggestapricetonegotiatewiththeseller.（你的測量師負(fù)責(zé)找出房子里所有的內(nèi)部和外部缺陷，并告訴你修復(fù)這些缺陷需要多少錢。他會(huì)告訴你房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談。），由此可知測量師是在你與賣方討論價(jià)格之前為你工作的，所以C選項(xiàng)“在你討論價(jià)格之前”正確。A選項(xiàng)“你自己檢查完房子之后”，文章沒有提到需要自己檢查房子，且這是測量師的工作，屬于無中生有；B選項(xiàng)“在你住進(jìn)這所房子之前不久”以及D選項(xiàng)“在自由談判的早期階段”都與文章事實(shí)不相符，屬于曲解原文。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段Yoursurveyor’sjobistofindoutalltheinternalandexteriordefectsinthehouseandtoindicatetoyouhowmuchmoneyitwillcosttoputthemright.Hewilltellyouwhetherthehouseisworththepricebeingaskedandmaysuggestapricetonegotiatewiththeseller.（你的測量師負(fù)責(zé)找出房子里所有的內(nèi)部和外部缺陷，并告訴你修復(fù)這些缺陷需要多少錢。他會(huì)告訴你房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談。），由此可知請測量師的主要原因是為了讓你知道自己房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談，所以B選項(xiàng)“告訴你房子的真正價(jià)值”正確。A選項(xiàng)“檢查并報(bào)告房屋狀況”，此處雖然有提及，但這是測量師的主要工作，并不是請他的主要原因，屬于張冠李戴；C選項(xiàng)“幫助你談一個(gè)更低的價(jià)格”，此處提到測量師只會(huì)告訴你房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談，并不會(huì)幫助你談價(jià)，屬于曲解原文；D選項(xiàng)“建議你進(jìn)行修理”，此處提到測量師只會(huì)告訴你修理房子缺陷的大概費(fèi)用，沒有提到他們會(huì)建議你修理，屬于無中生有。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章三段Thebuildingsocietyorlocalauthorityfromwhichyouhopetogetaloanwillsenditssurveyortoo,whosefeeyouwillhavetopay...Theymayinfactmakeitaconditionofthemortgagethatyouwillhavethedefectsrepairedwithinastatedtime(atyourownexpenseofcourse).（你希望從那里獲得貸款的房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)或地方當(dāng)局也會(huì)派遣測量師，你必須支付測量師的費(fèi)用……事實(shí)上，他們可能會(huì)以你在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)修復(fù)缺陷作為抵押的條件，當(dāng)然是費(fèi)用自理。），由此可推斷出房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)和地方當(dāng)局請測量師的原因是為了檢查買方在貸款前需要的維修之處，所以C選項(xiàng)“檢查買方在獲得貸款前必須進(jìn)行的維修”正確。A選項(xiàng)“向他們提供他們在向潛在買家提供建議時(shí)所需的信息”文章沒有提到，屬于無中生有；B選項(xiàng)“檢查買方檢驗(yàn)師準(zhǔn)備的報(bào)告”對應(yīng)文章第三段，該段中只提到房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)或地方當(dāng)局請的測量師的最終報(bào)告買方是無法看到的，并不是說他們請測量師是為了檢查買方檢驗(yàn)師所準(zhǔn)備的報(bào)告，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；D選項(xiàng)“看看借出購買款項(xiàng)是否明智”文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段Thebuildingsocietyorlocalauthorityfromwhichyouhopetogetaloanwillsenditssurveyortoo,whosefeeyouwillhavetopay...Theymayinfactmakeitaconditionofthemortgagethatyouwillhavethedefectsrepairedwithinastatedtime(atyourownexpenseofcourse).（你希望獲得貸款的房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)或地方當(dāng)局也會(huì)派遣測量師，你必須支付測量師的費(fèi)用……事實(shí)上，他們可能會(huì)以你在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)修復(fù)缺陷作為抵押的條件，當(dāng)然，費(fèi)用由你自己承擔(dān)），由此可知房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)雇傭的測量師是為了測量房子缺陷，用此作為評估給你貸款的依據(jù)，如果缺陷重大不宜居住，地方當(dāng)局會(huì)先讓你修復(fù)好，直到房子適宜居住再貸款給你，所以D選項(xiàng)“第二種測量師的工作是找出房子是否適合居住”正確。A選項(xiàng)“第二種測量師對房子的缺陷不感興趣”說法錯(cuò)誤，第二段說到測量師的工作就是檢查房子缺陷，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；B選項(xiàng)“你不必付錢給第二類測量師”說法錯(cuò)誤，第三段提到了“whosefeeyouwillhavetopay”，所以該選項(xiàng)也屬于反向干擾；C選項(xiàng)“第二種測量師的工作是決定房子的價(jià)值”，決定房子價(jià)值的是第一類測量師，屬于張冠李戴。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可定位到第四段第一句Ifyouarebuildinganewhouse,youwillalsoneedassurancethatthehouseisproperlybuiltandthebuildingwillaccepttheresponsibilityforanydefectsthatmayappearduetopoordesign,materialsorworkmanship.（如果你正在建造一所新房子，你還需要確保房子合理建造，并且將為建筑由于設(shè)計(jì)、材料或工藝不良而可能出現(xiàn)的任何缺陷責(zé)任。），由此可知需要確保房子的質(zhì)量，確保房子沒有大問題，所以B選項(xiàng)“嚴(yán)重的施工失誤將在施工的各個(gè)階段得到糾正”正確。D選項(xiàng)“建筑公司在國家房屋建筑商注冊委員會(huì)注冊”對應(yīng)第五段Ifthebuilderisnotregistereditwillbewisetogetacompetentsurveyortocheckthehouseoverduringvariousstagesofconstruction.（如果建筑商沒有注冊，最好找一個(gè)有資質(zhì)的測量師在不同的施工階段檢查房屋。），由此可知建筑商是否注冊不是考查的必要條件，屬于反向干擾。A選項(xiàng)“房子的建造始終受到監(jiān)督”對應(yīng)第四段第二句“IfabuilderisrestrictedwithNationalHouse-Builders’RegistrationCouncil,youwillknowthatthehousehasbeenspot-checkinspectedatperiodicintervalsduringbuildings.（如果一個(gè)建筑商受管制于國家房屋建筑商注冊委員會(huì)，你就知道該房屋在建造期間會(huì)被定期抽查。）”，結(jié)合第五段可知在國家房屋建筑商注冊委員會(huì)注冊過的會(huì)受到監(jiān)督，而建筑商不一定注冊，屬于曲解原文。C選項(xiàng)“如果與建筑商發(fā)生糾紛，將受到法律保護(hù)”對應(yīng)第四段最后一句“Arbitrationmachineryandfornewly-builthouse,a10-yearprotectionagainstmajorstructuraldefects,existshouldthingsgowrongandthebuilderseektoavoidresponsibility.（仲裁機(jī)制為防止房屋重大結(jié)構(gòu)缺陷和建筑商逃避責(zé)任，對新建房屋有10年保護(hù)期。）”，由此可知如果和建筑商發(fā)生糾紛，原本就會(huì)受到法律保護(hù)，不需要去確定這件事，屬于曲解原文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Thoughtherearehundredsoftestpapers,Icanpickhisoutwithouthesitation,forhishandwritingisquite（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manifest

B.separate

C.distinct

D.obvious

【答案】C

【解析】句意：盡管有好幾百張?jiān)嚲?但我可以毫不猶豫地找出他的試卷,因?yàn)樗墓P跡很獨(dú)特。選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

22.單選題

Musicistheresultofthoughtintheformofattitude,orstance.Thereisnoonewayofthinking,sincemen’svaluesareasscatteredanddissimilarasindividualmenthemselves.Ifblackmusiccanbeseenastheresultofcertainattitudes,certainspecificwaysofthinkingabouttheworld,thenmybasichypothesisaboutmusicisunderstood.Theblackman’smusicchangedashechanged,reflectingshiftingattitudesorconsistentattitudeswithinchangecontexts.Itiswhythemusicchangedthatseemsmostimportanttome.

WhenjazzfirstbegantoappearontheAmericansceneduringthetwenties,inoneformoranother,itwasintroducedinmanyinstancesbywhiteAmericans.Yetitsoriginalconceptionanditsmostvitaldevelopmentweretheresultofcertainattitudes,orempiricalideas,attributabletotheAfro-Americanculture.Jazzasplayedbywhitemusicianswasnotthesameasthatplayedbyblackmusiciansnorwasthereanyreasonforittobe.Themusicofthewhitejazzmusicianwas,atitsmostprofound,alearnedart.

Theblues,forexample,whichItaketobeanautonomousblackmusic,waspracticallyignoredinpre-jazzwhiteAmericanculture.Bluesisanextremelyimportantpartofjazz.Howeverthewayinwhichjazzutilizestheblues“attitude”providedamusicalanalogythewhitemusiciancouldunderstand,andthushecouldarriveatastyleofjazzmusic.Thewhitemusicianunderstoodthebluesfirstasmusic,butseldomasanattitude,sincetheattitudeofthewhitemusicianwasnecessarilyquiteadifferentone.Andinmanycases,itwasnotconsistentwiththemakingofjazz.

Thus,thetrumpetsofBixBeiderbeckeandLouisArmstrongwereverydissimilar.Thewhitemiddle-classboyfromLowawasaninbornintellectualandhadanemotionallifethatwasbasedonhisconsciousorunconsciousdisapprovalofmostoftheritualofhisculture.OntheotherhandArmstrongwas,intermsofanemotionalarchetype,anhonoredpriestofhisculture.Hewasnotrebellingagainstanythingwithhismusic.TheincredibleironyofthesituationwasthatbothstoodinsimilarplacesinthesuperstructureofAmericansociety;Beiderbecke,becauseofhisisolationanddeviationfrommassculture;andArmstrong,becauseofthesocio-historicalseparationoftheblackmanfromtherestofAmerican.

1.Whichofthefollowingbeststatestheunderlyingideaofthepassage?

2.WithwhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttherelationshipbetweenbluesandjazzinAmericanculturewouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?

3.Thetoneoftheauthor’sdiscussionofthebluesisprimarilyoneof（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,BeiderbeckeandArmstrongweresimilarinwhichofthefollowing?

5.TheauthorimpliesthatthekindsofmusicproducedbyBeiderbeckeandArmstrongdiffergreatlybecause（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseofenvironmentalinfluences,themusicofblackandwhiteartistsmustbeverydifferent.

B.Becauseitistheresultofthought,themusicofblackartistscanbelearnedbywhitemusicians.

C.Becausejazzisprimarilyamusicalformcreatedoninspiration,itisdifficultforonemusiciantocopythestyleofanother.

D.Becausemusichassocialsignificance,itsinfluenceonblackwhiterelationsshouldnotbeunderestimated.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.JazzplacedmoreemphasisonAfro-Americanculturethandidtheblues

B.JazzchangedtheattitudesofwhitemusicianstowardAfro-Americanculture.

C.Jazzwasbasedonthebluesattitude,butexpresseditinamannerthatwascomprehensibletowhitemusicians.

D.Jazzwasaformofmusicthathadtobeunderstoodinordertobeplayed,whereastheblueshadtobelearned.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.indifference

B.appreciation

C.curiosity

D.uncertainty

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theattitudestheybroughttotheirmusic.

B.Theirabilitytoreflectotherculturesintheirmusic.

C.Theirrelationshipstotheculturesoftheirancestors.

D.ThepositionstheycametoholdinAmericansociety.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theattitudesofblacksandwhitesasreflectedintheirmusicarenecessarilydifferent.

B.Beiderbecke’sintellectualismhamperedhisdevelopmentasamusician.

C.rebellionactedasadestructiveforceonBeiderbecke’sperformance.

D.ArmstrongwaswellestablishedasaperformerandBeiderbeckewasnot

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。第一段倒數(shù)第二句為本文的主旨句“Theblackman’smusicchangedashechanged,reflectingshiftingattitudesorconsistentattitudeswithinchangecontexts.”黑人的音樂隨著他的改變而改變,反映了在變化的環(huán)境中態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變或態(tài)度的一致。這里的“contexts”指的是環(huán)境,所以選項(xiàng)A由于環(huán)境的影響,黑人和白人藝術(shù)家的音樂一定是非常不同的,符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Howeverthewayinwhichjazzutilizestheblues“attitude”providedamusicalanalogythewhitemusiciancouldunderstand,andthushecouldarriveatastyleofjazzmusic.”爵士樂運(yùn)用藍(lán)調(diào)“態(tài)度”的方式提供了一個(gè)白人音樂家可以理解的音樂,因此他可以創(chuàng)造出一種風(fēng)格的爵士樂。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,作者認(rèn)為藍(lán)調(diào)是爵士樂中極為重要的一部分。由此可知,作者的態(tài)度是支持的,贊賞的。選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“BeiderbeckeandArmstrong”定位到最后一段,“TheincredibleironyofthesituationwasthatbothstoodinsimilarplacesinthesuperstructureofAmericansociety;”令人難以置信的諷刺是,在美國社會(huì)的上層建筑中,這兩個(gè)人所處的位置是相似的。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后幾句以及第四段的首句可知,Beiderbecke和Armstrong創(chuàng)作的音樂類型不同是因?yàn)楹谌撕桶兹藢Υ魳返膽B(tài)度是不同的,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

23.寫作題

“Financialgainshouldbethemostimportantfactorinchoosingacareer.”

Discusstheextenttowhichyouagreewiththeopinionstatedabove.Supportyourviewswithreasonsand/orexamplesfromownexperience,observations,orreading.

【答案】FinancialGainShouldNotBetheMostImportantFactorinChoosingaCareer24.單選題

Justasthebuilderisskilledinthehandlingofhisbricks,______istheexperiencedwriterinthehandlingofhiswords.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.so

B.as

C.thus

D.equally

【答案】A

【解析】考查狀語從句。句意：正如建筑工人熟練地使用他的磚，經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的作家同樣如此地運(yùn)用他的文字。justas...so“就像……，……同樣”，justas引出表示對比的從句，主句用so相對應(yīng)，A選項(xiàng)so符合題意。其余選項(xiàng)用法錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Whyaremobilessopopular?Becausepeoplelovetotalktoeachother.Anditiseasierwithamobilephone.IncountrieslikeRussiaandChina,peopleusetilemobilephoneinplaceswherethereisnoordinarytelephone.Businesspeople,usemobileswhenthey’retraveling.Insomecountries,likeJapan,manypeopleusetheirmobilephonestosende-mailmessageandaccesstheInternet.Theyuseanewkindofmobilephonecalled“i-mode”.Youcanevenuseamobilephonetolistentomusic.

Mobilephonesareveryfashionablewithteenagers.Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildren.Theycancallbornehomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp.Sotheyfeelsafer.Butteenagersmostlyusethemtokeepintouchwiththeirfriendsorplaysimplecomputergames.It’scooltobetheownerofasmallexpensivemobile.Researchshowsthatteenageownersofmobilephonessmokeless.Parentsandschoolsarehappythatteenagersaresaferandsmokeless.

Butmanypeopledislikethem.Theyhateitwhenthebusinessmanoppositethemonthetrainhasaloudconversationonhisphone.Orwhenthemobilephoneringsinacafeorrestaurant.Butthereisamuchmoreseriousproblem.It’spossiblethatthemobilephonecanheatupthebrainbecauseweholdthephonesoclosetoourhead.Scientistsfearthatmobilescanperhapsbebadforyourmemoryandevengiveyoucancer.

1.Mobilesarepopularamongpeoplebecause________.

2.ItisstatedinthepassagethatinRussiaandChina________.

3.Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildrenbecause________.

4.Whycanmobilephonesbeamuchmoreseriousproblem?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitletileofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theythinkmobilesarefun

B.theybelievemobilesaresafe

C.theylovetolistentomusic

D.theyfeeliteasiertotalktoeachother

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ordinarytelephoneserviceisavailableeverywhere

B.peopleprefermobilephonestoordinarytelephones

C.mobilesareusedinplaceswithoutordinarytelephones

D.peopleusemobilestosende-mailsandaccesstheinternet

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mobilephonesareveryfashionablewithteenagers

B.theycancallhomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp

C.theycanusemobilestoplaysimplecomputergames

D.mobilephonesenableteenagerstogiveupsmoking

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becausepeoplehatethebusinessmenusingmobilesinpublicplaces.

B.Becausepeoplefeeltheirprivacyunprotectedinacafeorrestaurant.

C.Becausethereisstrongevidencefortheproblemsofmobiles.

D.Becausetheuseofmobilephonescanbephysicallyharmful.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.WhyAreMobilesSoPopular?

B.Mobiles-UsefulorUseless?

C.Mobiles-ADangertoHealth?

D.WhyDoWeDesignMobiles?

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可定位到文章第一段開頭Whyaremobilessopopular?Becausepeoplelovetotalktoeachother.Anditiseasierwithamobilephone.（為什么手機(jī)如此受歡迎？因?yàn)槿藗兿矚g互相交談。而且用手機(jī)就容易多了。），由此可知手機(jī)受歡迎的原因是手機(jī)會(huì)讓人們的交談變得更容易，所以D選項(xiàng)“人們覺得交談變得更容易”正確。A選項(xiàng)“人們認(rèn)為手機(jī)很有趣”文章并未提及，屬于無中生有；B選項(xiàng)“人們相信手機(jī)是安全的”，干擾源“safe”對應(yīng)原文第二段開頭，但此處講的是父母給孩子買手機(jī)的原因，而不是手機(jī)受歡迎的原因，屬于張冠李戴；C選項(xiàng)“人們喜歡聽音樂”對應(yīng)原文第一段段尾“Youcanevenuseamobilephonetolistentomusic.”，但此處與題干問題無關(guān)，不是手機(jī)受歡迎的原因，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可定位到文章第一段第四句IncountrieslikeRussiaandChina,peopleusemobilephonesinplaceswherethereisnoordinarytelephone.（在俄羅斯和中國這樣的國家，人們在沒有普通電話的地方使用手機(jī)。），所以C選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)是在沒有普通電話的地方使用的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一般的電話服務(wù)在任何地方都可以使用”和B選項(xiàng)“比起普通電話，人們更喜歡移動(dòng)電話”文章都沒有提到，屬于無中生有；D選項(xiàng)“人們用手機(jī)發(fā)電子郵件和上網(wǎng)”對應(yīng)文章第一段第六句Insomecountries,likeJapan,manypeopleusetheirmobilephonestosende-mailmessagesandaccesstheInternet.（在一些國家，比如日本，很多人用手機(jī)發(fā)送電子郵件和上網(wǎng)。），但此處講的是手機(jī)在日本的使用情況，而不是俄羅斯和中國，屬于張冠李戴。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段開頭Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildren.Theycancallhomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp.（父母為他們的孩子買手機(jī)。如果他們遇到麻煩或需要幫助，他們可以打電話回家。），所以B選項(xiàng)“如果他們遇到麻煩或需要幫助，他們可以打電話回家”正確。A選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)在青少年中很流行”對應(yīng)第二段的第一句，但是正是因?yàn)樵絹碓蕉嗟母改附o孩子購買手機(jī)才使得手機(jī)在青少年中很流行，并不是因?yàn)槭謾C(jī)流行父母才給孩子買手機(jī)，父母的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是為了孩子們的安全考慮，此處屬于偷換概念；C選項(xiàng)“他們可以用手機(jī)玩簡單的電腦游戲”對應(yīng)文章第二段第五句Butteenagersmostlyusethemtokeepintouchwiththeirfriendsorplaysimplecomputergames.（但青少年大多使用手機(jī)與朋友保持聯(lián)系或玩簡單的電腦游戲。），但此處與題干無關(guān)，不是父母給孩子購買手機(jī)的原因，屬于出處錯(cuò)位；D選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)使青少年能夠戒煙”對應(yīng)第二段倒數(shù)第二句Researchshowsthatteenageownersofmobilephonessmokeless.（研究表明，擁有手機(jī)的青少年吸煙更少。），但此句講的是擁有手機(jī)的青少年吸煙更少，并不是說手機(jī)能夠使青少年戒煙，屬于曲解原文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段Butthereisamuchmoreseriousproblem.It’spossiblethatmobilephonecanheatupthebrainbecauseweholdthephonesoclosetoourhead.Scientistsfearthatmobilescanperhapsbebadforyourmemoryandevengiveyoucancer.（但還有一個(gè)更嚴(yán)重的問題。手機(jī)可能會(huì)讓大腦發(fā)熱，因?yàn)槲覀儼咽謾C(jī)拿得離頭部太近了?？茖W(xué)家們擔(dān)心，手機(jī)可能會(huì)損害你的記憶力，甚至?xí)?dǎo)致癌癥。），由此可推斷出更嚴(yán)重的問題是手機(jī)會(huì)影響人們的健康，所以D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槭褂靡苿?dòng)電話可能對身體有害”正確。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿藗冇憛捝倘嗽诠矆鏊褂檬謾C(jī)”和B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿藗冇X得在咖啡館或餐館里沒有隱私保護(hù)”對應(yīng)文章最后一段的第一、二句“但是很多人不喜歡它們。他們討厭在火車上對面的商人大聲打電話，或者在咖啡館或餐館里手機(jī)響。”，但此處講的是人們不喜歡手機(jī)的原因，并不是手機(jī)成為一個(gè)更嚴(yán)重問題的原因，所以A選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；并且這里也沒有提到任何隱私問題，所以B選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)橛袕?qiáng)有力的證據(jù)證明手機(jī)的問題”文章沒有提到，屬于無中生有。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章開頭就提到了“Whyaremobilessopopular?（為什么手機(jī)如此受歡迎?）”，由此可知文章接下來都