2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-黑龍江大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)30

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-黑龍江大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Inthecollectedbodyofwritingwecallliterature,theremaybedistinguishedtwoseparategroupingscapableofblending,butalsofittedforreciprocalrepulsion.Thereisfirsttheliteratureofknowledge,andsecondlytheliteratureofpower.Thefunctionofthefirstistoteach;thefunctionofthesecondistomove.Thefirstspeakstothemerediscursiveunderstanding;thesecondspeaksultimatelytothehigherunderstandingorreason,butalwaysthroughtheaffectionsofpleasureandsympathy.Wheneverwetalkinordinarylanguageofseekinginformationorgainingknowledge,weunderstandtheworksasconnectedwithabsolutenovelty.Butitisthegrandeurofalltruthwhichcanoccupyaveryhighplaceinhumaninterests,althoughitmaynotbeabsolutelynoveleventothemeanestofminds.

Whatdowelearnfrom“ParadiseLost”?Nothingatall.Whatdowelearnfromacookbook?Somethingnew,somethingwedidnotknowbefore,ineveryparagraph.Butwouldwethereforeputthewretchedcookbookonahigherlevelofestimationthanthedivinepoem?WhatweowetoMiltonisnotanyknowledge,ofwhichamillionseparateitemsarestillbutamillionadvancingstepsonthesameearthlylevel.Whatweoweispower,thatis,exerciseandexpansionofyourownlatentcapacityofsympathywiththeinfinite,whereeverypulseandeachseparateinfluxisastepupwards—astepascendingasuponJacob’sladderfromearthtomysteriousaltitudesabovetheearth.Allthestepsofknowledge,fromfirsttolast,carryusfartheronthesameplane,butcouldneverraiseusonefootaboveyourancientlevelonearth,whereas,theveryfirststepofpowerisflight—anascendingintoanotherelementwhereearthisforgotten.

1.Thepassageiswrittento（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,theliteratureofknowledgeare（

）.

3.Thesentence“Thefirstspeakstothemerediscursiveunderstanding”means（

）.

4.Thetrueimplicationconcerningthecomparisonbetween“ParadiseLost”andacookbookis（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.differentiatebetweentheattainmentoffactualknowledgeandthearrivalatphilosophicalunderstanding

B.disparageintellectualactivitiesandtheattainmentoflearning

C.encouragemysticismasadesirablephilosophicalgoal

D.inspirewriterstoproducemorepracticalbooks

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.teacher’sbooks

B.booksfromwhichweseekinformationorgainknowledge

C.informativeliteraryworks

D.booksabouttherudder

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thefirstclassificationofliteratureisonlyforreaderwithdiscursiveunderstanding.

B.Booksteachingknowledgearenotsologicallyproducedasphilosophicalreaders.

C.Theliteratureofknowledgeareunderstoodasrandomworks.

D.Toreadabookinthefirstclassificationofliteratureinvolvesonlyalower,discursiveunderstandingonthepartofthereader.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.“ParadiseLost”ismoreinformativethanacookbook

B.bothbooksareequallyevaluated

C.wretchedasitis,acookbookismorevaluablethan“ParadiseLost”，fromwhichwelearnnothingatall

D.“ParadiseLost”isgreaterthanacookbook

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Wehavegainedmostofourknowledgefromthereadingofpoliticaltreatises.

B.Thefirststeponthemoonwasmankind’smostimportantmoment.

C.Recipeforbreadisworthathousandpoems.

D.Greatliteraturemustaddressitselftofundamentalphilosophicaltruthsratherthantomaterialprogress.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.意圖題。由第一段“Thereisfirsttheliteratureofknowledge,andsecondlytheliteratureofpower.第一種是知識(shí)文學(xué)，第二種是力量文學(xué)?！币约昂笪膶?duì)兩者進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析，可知本文主要是闡述了知識(shí)文學(xué)與力量文學(xué)的差異。故A項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Thereisfirsttheliteratureofknowledge,andsecondlytheliteratureofpower.Thefunctionofthefirstistoteach;thefunctionofthesecondistomove.首先是知識(shí)的文學(xué)，其次是力量的文學(xué)。第一種文學(xué)的功能是教化;第二種文學(xué)的功能是動(dòng)之以情?！笨芍狟項(xiàng)“知識(shí)文學(xué)是我們可以從中獲取信息和知識(shí)的書(shū)籍?！闭_。A、C、D三項(xiàng)都是屬于知識(shí)文學(xué)中的一種，不能將知識(shí)文學(xué)歸為其中的某一類。

3.推理判斷題。由第一段“Thefirstspeakstothemerediscursiveunderstanding;thesecondspeaksultimatelytothehigherunderstandingorreason,butalwaysthroughtheaffectionsofpleasureandsympathy.第一種文學(xué)只是純粹的散亂無(wú)章的理解；第二種文學(xué)最終指向更高層次的理解或理性，但總是通過(guò)愉悅和同情的情感。”可知知識(shí)文學(xué)在邏輯理解方面不如力量文學(xué)嚴(yán)密。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第二段“Butwouldwethereforeputthewretchedcookbookonahigherlevelofestimationthanthedivinepoem?WhatweowetoMiltonisnotanyknowledge,ofwhichamillionseparateitemsarestillbutamillionadvancingstepsonthesameearthlylevel.但是，我們會(huì)因此把這本拙劣的烹飪書(shū)置于比神圣的詩(shī)歌更高的評(píng)價(jià)水平嗎?我們從彌爾頓那里得到的并不是什么知識(shí)，即使有一百萬(wàn)個(gè)不同的東西，也不過(guò)是在同一個(gè)地球上前進(jìn)了一百萬(wàn)步而已?！笨芍髡邔⑦@兩個(gè)作品進(jìn)行對(duì)比，肯定了ParadiseLost的價(jià)值，給予了其更高的評(píng)價(jià)。故D項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。本文將知識(shí)文學(xué)和力量文學(xué)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，并表達(dá)了對(duì)力量文學(xué)的肯定。由最后一段“Allthestepsofknowledge,fromfirsttolast,carryusfartheronthesameplane,butcouldneverraiseusonefootaboveyourancientlevelonearth,whereas,theveryfirststepofpowerisflight—anascendingintoanotherelementwhereearthisforgotten.知識(shí)的每一步，從頭到腳，都只是帶我們?cè)谕粋€(gè)層面上走得更遠(yuǎn)，卻永遠(yuǎn)不能使我們凌駕于塵世毫厘之上。然而，力量文學(xué)的第一步是飛行——一種超越凡塵的飛躍。”可知作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了力量文學(xué)的價(jià)值，即能超凡脫俗，帶人們?cè)诟叩膶用嫔先〉眠M(jìn)步。故D項(xiàng)“偉大的文學(xué)作品必須致力于基本的哲學(xué)真理，而不是物質(zhì)進(jìn)步。”正確。A項(xiàng)“我們的大部分知識(shí)都是從閱讀政治論文中獲得的。”B項(xiàng)“登上月球的第一步是人類最重要的時(shí)刻。”C項(xiàng)“面包的配方勝過(guò)千首詩(shī)?！痹谖闹卸颊也坏揭罁?jù)。

2.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

PresidentArlinghasputhislong-awaitedeconomicrestructuringprogrambeforetheCongress.Itprovidesacoordinatedprogramofinvestmentcredits,researchgrants,educationalreforms,andtaxchangesdesignedtomakeAmericanindustrymorecompetitive.Thisisnecessarytoreversetheeconomicslideintounemployment,lackofgrowth,andtradedeficitsthathaveplaguedtheeconomyforthepastsixyears.ThemostliberalwingofthePresident’spartyhascalledforstrongerandmoredirectaction.TheywantanincomespolicytocheckinflationwhileFederalfinancinghelpsrebuildindustrybehindawallofprotectivetariffs.TheRepublicans,however,decryeventhemodest,graduatedtaxincreasesinthePresident’sprogram.

Theywanttaxcutsandamoreopenmarket.TheysayifFederalmoneyhastobeinjectedintotheeconomy,letitthroughdefencespending.

Boththesealternativesignoretheuniquenatureoftheeconomicproblembeforeus.Itisnotsimplyamatterofmarketsorfinancing.Thenewtechnologyallowsvastlyincreasedproductionforthoseabletomasterit.

Butitalsothreatensthosewhofailtoadoptitwithpermanentsecond-classcitizenshipintheworldeconomy.Ifanindustrycannotleveritselfuptotheleadingstageoftechnologicaladvances,thenitwillnotbeabletocompeteeffectively.Ifitcannotdothis,noamountofgovernmentprotectionismoraccesstoforeignmarketscankeepitprofitableforlong.

Withouttheprofitsandexperienceoftechnologicalexcellencetoreinvest,thatindustrycanonlyfallstillfurtherbehinditsforeigncompetitors.

SothecruxisthetechnologyandthatiswherethePresident’sprogramfocused.Thedangerisnotthataplanwillnotbepassed,itisthattheideologuesofrightandleftwilldistortthebillwithamendmentsthatwillbluritsfocusontechnology.Theeconomicrestructuringplanshouldbepassedintact.

Ifwefailtorestructureoureconomynow,wemaynotgetasecondchance.

1.ThefocusofthePresident’sprogramison_____.

2.WhatistherequirementofthemostliberalwingoftheDemocratic-party?

3.Whatistheeditor’sattitude?

4.Thedangertotheplanliesin_______.

5.Thepassageis______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.investment

B.economy

C.technology

D.tax

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theywantamoredirectaction.

B.Theywantanincomespolicytocheckinflation.

C.Theywanttorebuildindustry.

D.Theywantawallofprotectivetariffs.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Support.

B.Distaste.

C.Disapproval.

D.Compromise.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thetwoparties’objection

B.differentideaofthetwopartiesabouttheplan

C.itspassage

D.distortion

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.areview

B.apreface

C.anadvertisement

D.aneditorial

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ThefocusofthePresident’sprogramison____.總統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)是____。

A.investmentA.投資

B.economyB.經(jīng)濟(jì)

C.technologyC.技術(shù)

D.taxD.稅收

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息focusofthePresident’sprogram可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第一句，該處講到“所以關(guān)鍵是技術(shù)，這也是總統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)所在（thecruxisthetechnology）”因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“投資”，是總統(tǒng)計(jì)劃中涉及到的部分但并不是關(guān)鍵，屬于本末倒置；

B選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)”，范圍太廣，太籠統(tǒng)；

D選項(xiàng)“稅收”，是總統(tǒng)計(jì)劃中的一部分但也不是關(guān)鍵，屬于本末倒置。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhatistherequirementofthemostliberalwingoftheDemocratic-party?民主黨中最自由派的要求是什么？

A.Theywantamoredirectaction.A.他們想要一個(gè)更直接的行動(dòng)。

B.Theywantanincomespolicytocheckinflation.B.他們想要一個(gè)收入政策來(lái)遏制通貨膨脹。

C.Theywanttorebuildindustry.C.他們想重建工業(yè)。

D.Theywantawallofprotectivetariffs.D.他們想要保護(hù)性關(guān)稅壁壘。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.1第四句，該處講到“總統(tǒng)政黨中最自由的一派呼吁采取更有力、更直接的行動(dòng)（strongerandmoredirectaction）”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“他們想要一個(gè)收入政策來(lái)遏制通貨膨脹”，屬于行動(dòng)中的一部分，該選項(xiàng)以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“他們想重建工業(yè)”，屬于行動(dòng)中的一部分，該選項(xiàng)以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“他們想要保護(hù)性關(guān)稅壁壘”也是該行動(dòng)中的一部分，以偏概全。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatistheeditor’sattitude?編者的態(tài)度是什么？??

A.Support.A.支持。

B.Distaste.B.厭惡。

C.Disapproval.C.反對(duì)。

D.Compromise.D.妥協(xié)。

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】文中作者說(shuō)到“如果一個(gè)行業(yè)不能把自己提升到技術(shù)進(jìn)步的領(lǐng)先階段，那么它就不能有效地競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。也就是說(shuō)作者贊同新計(jì)劃，發(fā)展新技術(shù)。同時(shí)他還強(qiáng)調(diào)了新技術(shù)在未來(lái)發(fā)展的作用。作者又提到“如果我們現(xiàn)在不能重組我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)，我們可能不會(huì)有第二次機(jī)會(huì)。”因此作者的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是支持的。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B“厭惡”、C“反對(duì)”、D“妥協(xié)”選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thedangertotheplanliesin____.這個(gè)計(jì)劃的危險(xiǎn)在于____。

A.thetwoparties’objectionA.雙方的反對(duì)意見(jiàn)

B.differentideaofthetwopartiesabouttheplanB.雙方對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃有不同的看法

C.itspassageC.它的通過(guò)

D.distortionD.扭曲；曲解

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息dangertotheplan可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第二句，該處講到“在于左右兩派的理論家會(huì)通過(guò)修正來(lái)扭曲法案（distortthebillwithamendments）”。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“雙方的反對(duì)意見(jiàn)”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“雙方對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃有不同的看法”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“它的通過(guò)”，文中明確提到“危險(xiǎn)不在于一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃不會(huì)被通過(guò)”，因此C選項(xiàng)為反向干擾。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thepassageis____.這篇文章是____。

A.areview

A.一個(gè)回顧

B.aprefaceB.一個(gè)前言

C.anadvertisementC.一則廣告

D.aneditorialD.一篇社論

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，該文章是作者對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃的客觀描述。這是對(duì)大事件的報(bào)道。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)回顧”，指回想過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情。而該文章描述的是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃，因此屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)前言”，指寫(xiě)在書(shū)或者文章前的序言或?qū)а?，該篇文章是一個(gè)陳述并非引導(dǎo)，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“一則廣告”，廣告應(yīng)該要宣傳什么，不符合文章內(nèi)容，屬于無(wú)中生有。

3.單選題

（

）,hedoesgetirritatedwithhersometimes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ashelikeshermuch

B.Muchalthoughhelikesher

C.Thoughmuchhelikesher

D.Muchashelikesher

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒裝。although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句不倒裝；而as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句需要倒裝。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：盡管他喜歡她，可有時(shí)候他確實(shí)會(huì)對(duì)她發(fā)火。故D項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Heknowsmuchaboutstylistics,（

）aboutliterature.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stillless

B.rathermore

C.letalone

D.ofcourse

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。stillless“更何況”；rathermore“更加”；letalone“更不用說(shuō)”；ofcourse“當(dāng)然”。句意：他對(duì)文體學(xué)很了解，更不用說(shuō)文學(xué)了。stillless常用于否定句，不合題意。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Afterhewas___fromthearmy,hehadintendedtoreturntotheworldofteaching.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discharged

B.enrolled

C.awarded

D.promoted

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.discharged準(zhǔn)許（某人）離開(kāi)；釋放B.enrolled登記；使加入

C.awarded授予；判定D.promoted促進(jìn)；宣傳；促銷

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格前用after連接表示從軍隊(duì)……之后。后半句意思為他曾想回到教學(xué)界。根據(jù)句子邏輯，應(yīng)該是在離開(kāi)軍隊(duì)后，想要回到教書(shū)世界。用discharge的被動(dòng)形式，表示被允許從軍隊(duì)離開(kāi)。因此選A.discharged準(zhǔn)許（某人）離開(kāi)；釋放。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】退伍后，他曾打算回到教學(xué)界。

6.單選題

（

）onaclearday,farfromthecitycrowds,themountainsgivehimasenseofinfinite.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ifwalking

B.Walking

C.Whilewalking

D.Whenoneiswalking

【答案】D

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。此句中的主句的主語(yǔ)為mountains，所以邏輯主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)應(yīng)不同。故排除A、B、C三項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)正確。句意：當(dāng)一個(gè)人在晴朗的天氣散步時(shí)，遠(yuǎn)離城市喧囂，山脈會(huì)給他一種無(wú)限感。

7.單選題

ThepsychologistWilliamJamesbelievedthatfacialexpressionsnotonlyprovideavisible

signofan（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emotionbutalsoactuallycontributingtothefeelingitself

B.emotion;theyalsoactuallycontributetothefeelingof

C.emotionbutalsoactuallycontributetothefeelingitself

D.emotion,actuallycontributingtothefeelingitself

【答案】C

【解析】notonly…butalso表示并列關(guān)系，前后分句的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該保持一致，賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)為facialexpressions，notonly后面接的是provide，故butalso后面也應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)contributeto…故答案C。句意：心理學(xué)家威廉?詹姆斯認(rèn)為,面部表情不僅提供情感的可見(jiàn)跡象，而且也有助于感覺(jué)本身。

8.單選題

CharlesReznikoof(1894-1976)workedrelentlessly,neverleavingNewYorkbutforabriefstayinHollywood,ofallplaces.HewasadmiredbyPoundandKennethBurke,andoftenpublishedhisownworks;intheDepressionera,hemanagedatreadleprintingpressinhisbasement.Hewrotethreesortsofpoems:exceptionallyshortimagisticlyrics;longerpiecescraftedandcobbledfromothersources,oftenfromtheJudaictradition;andbook-lengthpoemswroughtfromthetestimonybothofHolocausttrialsandfromthecourtroomsoftum-of-the-centuryAmerica.Twoofthesefull-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitles“Testimony”,aswasanearlierprosework;itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.Whenaskedlateinlifetodefinehispoetry,itwasnotthewordhechose.

“Objectivist”,hewrote,naminghislongstandinggroup,andmimickingpoeticstylewithasingleprosesentence:“imagesclearbutthemeaningnotstatedbutsuggestedbytheobjectivedetailsandthemusicoftheverse;wordspithyandplain;withouttheartificeofregularmeters;themes,chieflyJewish,American,urban.”Ifthesentencesoundshard-won,thisisperhapsbecauseitwas.Fourdecadesearlier,hewroteinalettertofriends,“ThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyverseinPoetrythismonth,fromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.”ThelearnedfellowwasLouisZukofsky,brillianteminenceoftheobjectivists,“withwhomIdisagreeastobothformandcontentofverse,buttowhomIamobligedforplacingsomeofmythingshereandthere.”SoreadReznikoof’sconclusionin1931,withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.

Movementsandschoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold.ThismusthaverankledReznikoof,whospenthiswritinglifetracingthematerialandthenecessary.

BornachildofimmigrantsinBrooklynin1894,hewasinjournalismschoolat16,tookalawdegreeat21.Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpractice,theideaswouldbeneartheheartofhiswriting.Idealpoeticlanguage,hewrote,“isrestrictedalmosttothetestimonyofawitnessinacourtoflaw.”Ifthissuggestsacongenitaloptimismaboutthelaw,itmadeforastonishinglycare-filledpoetry.Reznikoofisunsurpassedinconveyingthesensethatworldisworthgettingright.Notthegloriousorthedamagedworld,buttheworldthatiseverythingthatisthecase.Reznikoof’sfaithinthefactsofthecasetakesonanintensitynolesssocialthanspiritual,nogreaterwhensurveyingtheOldTestamentthanNewYork.Thiscollectiongathersallhispoems(butforthosealreadybook-length)bythetechniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime.Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaiku,thoughnomoreimpressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.Onesuch,numbered69inthevolume“JerusalemtheGolden”runsinitslength:“Amongtheheapsofbrickandplasterliesagirder,stillitselfamongtherubbish.”ThisexemplarycoupletissometimestakentorepresentReznikoof’spoetryitself,immutableandcertainamidthetransitory.

1.Bysaying“itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany”(Line8,Paragraph1)theauthorimplies（

）.

2.Reznikoff'sattitudetothefactthathewasgroupedasobjectivistis（

）.

3.Theword“rankled”(Line2,Paragraph3)probablymeans（

）.

4.Wecanlearnfromthe4thparagraphthat（

）.

5.Bycitingthepoeminthelastparagraph,theauthorintendsto（b）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.CharlesReznikoffalwayswroteworksabouttestimony

B.CharlesReznikoofwasalwaysinvolvedinthetestimonyaffairs

C.CharlesReznikooflikedtowritetestimony

D.CharlesReznikoofisbusylawyer

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.approval

B.indifference

C.opposition

D.suspicionNormal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.interested

B.angered

C.pleased

D.consoled

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Reznuikofflikedtolearnlaw

B.Reznikoffwasmoreinterestedinspiritualworldthaninsocialworld

C.itisastonishingthatReznikoffwrotecare-filledpoetry

D.Reznikoffwasgreatlyinfluencedbyhislegalexperienceinhispoetrywriting

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.showthattheforceislessenedinthisway

B.showthatthepoemisnotimpressionistic

C.showthatthepoemisimmutable

D.showthatthepoemiscompressed

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Twoofthesefull-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitles‘Testimony’,aswasanearlierprosework;itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.其中兩卷書(shū)的標(biāo)題是證詞，就像早期的散文作品一樣；這是一個(gè)和他形影不離的詞。”可知查爾斯喜歡寫(xiě)一些和證詞相關(guān)的作品。故A項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第二段“ThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyverseinPoetrythismonth,fromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.”ThelearnedfellowwasLouisZukofsky,brillianteminenceoftheobjectivists,“withwhomIdisagreeastobothformandcontentofverse,buttowhomIamobligedforplacingsomeofmythingshereandthere.”SoreadReznikoof’sconclusionin1931,withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.這個(gè)月的詩(shī)里有一篇關(guān)于我的詩(shī)的學(xué)習(xí)文章，從中我了解到我是一個(gè)客觀主義者。這位學(xué)者就是路易?祖科夫斯基，他是一位杰出的客觀主義者，我對(duì)于詩(shī)歌的形式和內(nèi)容都不同意他的觀點(diǎn)，但是我不得不把我的一些東西放在這里和那里。雷茲尼考夫1931年的結(jié)論是這樣的，其中不乏禮貌的不滿。”可知查爾斯對(duì)于路易斯稱其為客觀主義者持不贊成的態(tài)度。故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.詞義題。由第三段“Movementsandschoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold.ThismusthaverankledReznikoof,whospenthiswritinglifetracingthematerialandthenecessary.運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)派是講述詩(shī)歌歷史的隨意、非物質(zhì)的東西。這肯定會(huì)…查爾斯，因?yàn)樗膶?xiě)作生涯主要是描述物質(zhì)和必然的東西?！备鶕?jù)前后句關(guān)系可判斷兩者存在矛盾，即運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)派講述的東西會(huì)讓查爾斯很生氣。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第四段“Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpractice,theideaswouldbeneartheheartofhiswriting.雖然他對(duì)法律實(shí)踐不感興趣，但這些想法將是他寫(xiě)作的核心?！笨芍稍诓闋査沟脑?shī)歌創(chuàng)作中起到了很大的作用，故D項(xiàng)“查爾斯的詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作深受法律經(jīng)驗(yàn)的影響”正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一段“Thiscollectiongathersallhispoems(butforthosealreadybook-length)bythetechniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime.Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaiku,thoughnomoreimpressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.這本詩(shī)集收集了他所有的詩(shī)歌（但對(duì)于那些已經(jīng)有書(shū)本長(zhǎng)度的詩(shī)歌來(lái)說(shuō)），采用了一次壓縮五六頁(yè)的技術(shù)。這可以削弱力量；雖然不比手動(dòng)印刷機(jī)更具有深刻印象，每一句都是一種美國(guó)俳句。”后面引用了一首詩(shī)作為被壓縮之后的詩(shī)歌的例子。故D項(xiàng)“顯示這首詩(shī)被壓縮了”正確。

9.單選題

Visitorstotheparkhaveoftenlookedupintotheleafycanopyand（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sawmonkeyssleepingonthebranches,whosearmsandlegshang

B.sawmonkeyssleepingonthebranches,whosearmsandlegswerehanging

C.sawmonkeyssleepingonthebranches,witharmsandlegshanging

D.seenmonkeyssleepingonthebranches,witharmsandlegshanging

【答案】D

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。由and表并列關(guān)系可知，and后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式應(yīng)與前面的保持一致，see的過(guò)去分詞為seen。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：公園的游客經(jīng)常抬頭看著綠樹(shù)成蔭的樹(shù)冠，看到猴子睡在樹(shù)枝上，手臂和腿都懸掛著。

10.單選題

Itisthroughlearningthattheindividual___manyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.retains

B.gains

C.achieves

D.acquires

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.retains保持B.gains獲得

C.achieves達(dá)到；實(shí)現(xiàn)D.acquires獲得；取得

【考察點(diǎn)】近義詞辨析。

【解題思路】B、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“獲得，實(shí)現(xiàn)”的意思。ofreactingtosituations做habitualways的后置定語(yǔ)。句意為獲得對(duì)各種情況作出反應(yīng)的許多習(xí)慣方式。acquire指經(jīng)過(guò)努力逐步獲得才能、知識(shí)、習(xí)慣等。這里與habitualways相符合。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)retain在這里不符合句子邏輯；

B選項(xiàng)gain指獲得，贏得，經(jīng)過(guò)努力或奮斗獲得某種利益；

C選項(xiàng)achieve得到，獲得，多指成就、目標(biāo)、幸福的取得。

以上選項(xiàng)均不能和habitualways搭配。

【句意】正是通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)，個(gè)人獲得了對(duì)各種情況作出反應(yīng)的許多習(xí)慣方式。

11.單選題

Rememberthatonlyafewofthelivingthingsthatareproducedcanlive.Ingeneral,those

livethatarebestfittedforliving（

）theydo.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.where

B.what

C.why

D.how

【答案】A

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，即thoselivethatarebestfittedforlivingwheretheydo(willlive).句意：記住只有少數(shù)被生產(chǎn)出來(lái)的生物才能生存。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，只有那些生活在最適合它們生活的地方的生物才能生存。

12.翻譯題

Asoneoftheoldestcivilizationsoftheworld,Chinahasalonghistoryandbrilliantculture.AfterenteringtheeraofcivilizationintheXiaDynasty,Chinacreatedgloriousscienceandculture.Thecompass,gunpowder,paper-makingandprintingareconsideredtobethefourgreatinventionsofancientChina,whichhavecontributedimmenselytothecivilizationoftheworldandtheprogressofmankind.TheSilkRoadofChina,theoldesttraderouteintheworld,largelypromotedtheculturalexchangebetweentheEastandtheWest.

【答案】中國(guó)是世界上最古老的文明之一，有著悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化。中國(guó)在夏朝時(shí)開(kāi)始進(jìn)入文明時(shí)代之后，創(chuàng)造了輝煌的科技和文化。指南針、火藥、造紙術(shù)、印刷術(shù)是中國(guó)古代的四大發(fā)明，對(duì)世界文明和人類的進(jìn)步做出了極大的貢獻(xiàn)。中國(guó)的絲綢之路—世界上最古老的貿(mào)易通道—極大地促進(jìn)了東西方文化的交流。

13.單選題

ShortagesoffluvaccinearenothingnewinAmerica,butthisyear’sisawhopper.Untillastweek,itappearedthat100millionAmericanswouldhaveaccesstoflushotsthisfall.ThenBritishauthorities,concernedaboutqualitycontrolproblemsataproductionplantinLiverpool,barredallfurthershipmentsbytheChironCorpOvernight,theU.S.vaccinesupplydwindledbynearlyhalfandfederalhealthofficialsfoundthemselvesmakinganunusualplea.Insteadofbeseechingusalltogetvaccinated,they’renowurgingmosthealthypeoplebetweentheagesof2and64notto.“Thisreemphasizesthefragilityofourvaccinesupply,”saysDr.MartinMyersoftheNationalNetworkforImmunizationInformation,and“thelackofredundancyinoursystem.”

Whyissuchabasichealthservicesoeasilyknockedout?Mainlybecauseprivatecompanieshavehadlittleincentivetopursueit.Tocreateasingledoseoffluvaccine,amanufacturerhastogrowlivevirusina2-week-oldfertilizedchickenegg,thencracktheegg,harvestthevirusandextracttheproteinsusedtoprovokeanimmuneresponse.Profitmarginsarenarrow,demandisfickleand,becauseeachyear’sfluvirusisdifferent,anyleftovervaccinegoestowaste.Asaresult,theUnitedStatesnowhasonlytwomajorsuppliers(ChironandAvePasteur)—andwhenoneofthemrunsintotrouble,thereisn’tmuchtheothercandoaboutit.“Avaccinemakercan’tjustcallupandorder40millionmorefertilizedeggs,”saysManonCox,ofConnecticut-basedProteinSciencesCorp,“there’sawholeindustrythat’sscheduledtoproduceacertainnumberofeggsatacertaintime.”

Sleekertechnologiesarenowintheworks,andexpertsarehopingthatthisyear’sfiascowillspeedthepaceofinnovation.Themainchallengeistoshiftproductionfromeggsintocellcultures—amediumalreadyusedtomakemostothervaccines.Fluvaccinesareharderthanmosttoproducethisway,butseveralcompaniesarenowpursuingthisstrategy,andoneculture-basedproduct(SolvayPharmaceuticals’InvivaC.hasbeenclearedformarketinginEurope.

ForAmericans,theimmediatechallengeistomakethemostofalimitedsupply.Thegovernmentestimatethat95millionpeoplestillqualifyforshotsunderthevoluntaryrestrictionsannouncedlastweekend.That’snearlytwicethenumberofdosesthatclinicswillhaveonhand,butonly60millionAmericansseekoutshotsinanormalyear.Infact,manyexpertsarehopingtheshortagewillserveasanawarenesscampaign—encouragingthepeoplewhoreallyneedaflushottogetone.

1.Shortagesoffluvaccineshowthat（

）.

2.Theword“cleared”(Line5,Paragraph3)mightmean（

）.

3.Privatecompanieshavelittleinterestinproducingfluvaccinesbecauseof（

）.

4.Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthat（

）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Americareliestoomuchonforeignsuppliers

B.thedemandoffluvaccinesishighthisyear

C.qualityproblemisaseriousprobleminfluvaccineproduction

D.thesupplyoffluvaccinesisratherweakandAmericahasnoback-upmeasurestomakeitup

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.permitted

B.remove

C.proved

D.produced

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.complicatedprocess,highcost,lowprofitandhighrisk

B.shortagesoffertilizedchickeneggs

C.difficultyingrowinglivevirus

D.fastchangingoffluvirus

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thegovernmenthopestosolvetheproblembywayofvolunteerrestrictions

B.morethan47millionAmericanswhoarequalifiedtogetfluvaccineshotscannotgetthemthisyear

C.Americahastodealwithlimitedsupplyoffluvaccinesthisyear

D.normallyonlyasmallpercentageofAmericanpopulationgetsfluvaccineshotseachyear

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.AllAmericansarepersuadednottogetvaccinatedthisyear.

B.Thebigproblemininnovatingfluvaccineproducingtechniqueishowtogrowvirusinanewway.

C.Morefluvaccinescannotbeproducedinashorttimebecauseprivatecompaniesrefusetoproducemore.

D.Fluvaccinesareeasierthanmostvaccinestoproducethroughcellcultures.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“‘Thisreemphasizesthefragilityofourvaccinesupply,’saysDr.MartinMyersoftheNationalNetworkforImmunizationInformation,and‘thelackofredundancyinoursystem.’‘這再次強(qiáng)調(diào)了我們疫苗供應(yīng)的脆弱性，’全國(guó)免疫信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)的MartinMyers博士說(shuō)，‘我們的系統(tǒng)缺乏冗余?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)“流感疫苗的供應(yīng)相當(dāng)薄弱，美國(guó)也沒(méi)有后備措施來(lái)彌補(bǔ)”正確。

2.詞義題。由“oneculture-basedproduct(SolvayPharmaceuticals’Invivac)hasbeenclearedformarketinginEurope.有一種基于文化的產(chǎn)品(SolvayPharmaceuticals的Invivac)已經(jīng)獲準(zhǔn)在歐洲上市?！备鶕?jù)formarketinginEurope可以判斷出應(yīng)該是“得到官方批準(zhǔn)和允許”。故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Whyissuchabasichealthservicesoeasilyknockedout?Mainlybecauseprivatecompanieshavehadlittleincentivetopursueit.為什么這樣一項(xiàng)基本的醫(yī)療服務(wù)如此容易被取消?主要是因?yàn)樗綘I(yíng)企業(yè)沒(méi)有動(dòng)力去追求它。”接下來(lái)作者介紹了復(fù)雜的生產(chǎn)工藝，“Profitmarginsarenarrow,demandisfickleand,becauseeachyear’sfluvirusisdifferent,anyleftovervaccinegoestowaste.利潤(rùn)空間狹窄，需求變化無(wú)常，而且由于每年的流感病毒不同，任何剩余的疫苗都被浪費(fèi)了?！惫蔄項(xiàng)“流程復(fù)雜、成本高、利潤(rùn)低、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大”正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第四段“Thegovernmentestimatethat95millionpeoplestillqualifyforshotsunderthevoluntaryrestrictionsannouncedlastweekend.That’snearlytwicethenumberofdosesthatclinicswillhaveonhand,butonly60millionAmericansseekoutshotsinanormalyear.政府估計(jì)，根據(jù)上周末宣布的自愿限制措施，仍有9500萬(wàn)人有資格注射疫苗。這幾乎是診所現(xiàn)有劑量的兩倍，但正常年份只有6000萬(wàn)美國(guó)人尋求注射?！笨芍呙绗F(xiàn)有劑量只有9500萬(wàn)的一半，即4700多萬(wàn)。故還有4700多萬(wàn)有資格注射疫苗的人無(wú)法得到注射。故B項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。由第三段“Sleekertechnologiesarenowintheworks,andexpertsarehopingthatthisyear’sfiascowillspeedthepaceofinnovation.Themainchallengeistoshiftproductionfromeggsintocellcultures—amediumalreadyusedtomakemostothervaccines.更新的技術(shù)正在研發(fā)中，專家們希望今年的失敗將加快創(chuàng)新的步伐。主要的挑戰(zhàn)是將生產(chǎn)從卵細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移到細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)——一種已經(jīng)用于生產(chǎn)大多數(shù)其他疫苗的培養(yǎng)基?！笨芍狟項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)新流感疫苗生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的最大問(wèn)題是如何以新的方式培養(yǎng)病毒”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“所有的美國(guó)人被勸說(shuō)今年不要接種疫苗”與文中提到的“2-64歲的健康人群不用接種”不符。C項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗綘I(yíng)企業(yè)拒絕生產(chǎn)更多的流感疫苗，所以更多的流感疫苗無(wú)法在短時(shí)間內(nèi)生產(chǎn)出來(lái)”與文中提到的“疫苗生產(chǎn)操作的難度大導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)商無(wú)法在短時(shí)間內(nèi)生產(chǎn)更多流感疫苗”不符。D項(xiàng)“流感疫苗比大多數(shù)通過(guò)細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)的疫苗更容易生產(chǎn)?！迸c文中的“Themainchallengeistoshiftproductionfromeggsintocellcultures—amediumalreadyusedtomakemostothervaccines.Fluvaccinesareharderthanmosttoproducethisway,主要的挑戰(zhàn)是將生產(chǎn)從卵細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移到細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)——一種已經(jīng)用于生產(chǎn)大多數(shù)其他疫苗的培養(yǎng)基。用這種方法生產(chǎn)流感疫苗比大多數(shù)疫苗都難?！辈环?。

14.單選題

Didyounoticeherpaleface?Ithinkshewasnotquite（

）atthepartyyesterday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.her

B.she

C.herself

D.itself

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。benotoneself“表示身體不舒服”。句意：你注意到她蒼白的臉沒(méi)？我覺(jué)得在昨天的聚會(huì)上，她不太舒服。C項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Likemanyloversofbooks,Maryandherhusband,RichardGoldman,seldomwalkedpastabookstorewithoutstoppingtolookinside.Theyoftentalkedofopeningtheirownstoreoneday.

WhenMarywashospitalizedwithhearttroublein1989,theydecideditwastimetogetserious.Richard,whoworkedforabusinesscompany,waseagertoworkforhimself,andMaryneededtoslowdownfromherdemandingjob.

Theystartedbytalkingtobookstoreownersandresearchingtheindustry.“Weknewithadtobeaspecialtystorebecausewecouldn’tmatchthebigchainsdollarfordollar.”saysMary.