Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures 定語從句課件 高中英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊(cè)

TheAttributiveClauseUnit4NaturaldisastersWhatisattributive?1.Itisanexpensive

cellphone.2.Thetension

intheroomhaschanged.3.Ihavesomething

importanttotellyou.4.Theweather

todayiscold.5.Marchisthetime

toplanttrees6.Aman

calledTomislookingforyou.用來修飾名詞或代詞的成分，常譯為“…的”Whatisattributiveclause?1.Itisancellphone

whichisexpensive.3.Ihavesomething

whichis

importanttotellyou.5.Marchisthetime

whenpeopleplanttrees6.Aman

whois

calledTomislookingforyou.用來修飾名詞或代詞的句子本質(zhì)上，定語從句和形容詞是臭味相投，都愛修飾名詞或代詞.不同的是，形容詞是條小短褲，只能表達(dá)簡單的意思；而定語從句是更寬、更大的短褲，表達(dá)的意思更復(fù)雜、更具體。

注意

也正因?yàn)榇?，定語從句必須得系上腰帶，才能和被修飾的詞，緊緊地綁在一起。這個(gè)腰帶就是關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞又分為兩派：左邊這路是關(guān)系代詞，主要有這六個(gè)家伙右邊這路是關(guān)系副詞，有這三個(gè)家伙定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞指人指物who(主語、賓語)，whom(賓語)，that(主語、賓語),whose(定語)that(主語、賓語),which(主語、賓語)，whose(定語)where(地點(diǎn)狀語)when(時(shí)間狀語)why(原因狀語)關(guān)系詞又分為兩派：定語從句（theattributiveclause）小常識(shí)

☆被定語從句限定的詞是_______，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫做________或_________?！铌P(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞有三大作用，即連接（連接定語從句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行詞）、成分（在定語從句中要充當(dāng)一定的句子成分）。在復(fù)合句中，充當(dāng)_______用的從句是定語從句“先行詞”“關(guān)系代詞”“關(guān)系副詞”形容詞定語從句先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句Sheistheone

(that

youneverforget)關(guān)系詞的三個(gè)作用:1.引導(dǎo)定語從句。2.代替先行詞。3.在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。

定語從句三步：第一找出先行詞第二看先行詞在定語從句中的語法功能（做主語、賓語或定語）第三選擇合適的關(guān)系詞

如何選擇關(guān)系代詞?who,whom,whose,which,that

口訣:前看先行詞,辯清人或物

后看從句里,有無主賓語ObservingTheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreatgrandmacannotforget.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthe

volcanoerupted.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.MrLiisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEducator.Findandunderlinetherestrictiverelativeclausesinthesentencebelow.n.物資，供應(yīng)品Findouttheantecedent(先行詞),relativepronoun(關(guān)系代詞）andbracket(括出)

theattributiveclause（定語從句）1.Sheisagirlwho/thatisalwayshelpingothers.Sheisagirl(who/thatisalwayshelpingothers.)

先行詞指人，在從句中做主語，關(guān)系代詞用who/that2.Theman(whom/that)yousawjustnowisourmanager.

Theman(whom/thatyousawjustnow)isourmanager.

先行詞指人，在從句中做賓語，關(guān)系代詞用whom/that或省略3.

Don'tcutdownthetreewhich/thatgivesyoushade(陰涼).Don'tcutdownthetree

(which/thatgivesyoushade(陰涼).)

先行詞指物，在從句中做主語，關(guān)系代詞用which/that4.Thisisthebook(which/that)Iboughtyesterday.Thisisthebook

(which/thatIboughtyesterday.)

先行詞指物，在從句中做賓語，關(guān)系代詞用which/that或省略5.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors

(whosehomeshadbeendestroyed.)

先行詞指人，在從句中做定語，關(guān)系代詞用whose6.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebook

(whosecoverisblue.)

先行詞指物，在從句中做定語，關(guān)系詞用whose定語從句考點(diǎn)一：that和which的選擇1.that指物時(shí)一般可以與which互換，但在下列情況引導(dǎo)詞只用that，不用which。①當(dāng)先行詞為all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代詞時(shí)

a.Allthatcanbedonemustbedone.b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanlearnfrom.c.Thereismuch(that)wecandotohelpthehomelessperson.②

先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修飾時(shí)I’vefinishedallthetasks(that)yougaveme.③先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。Thisisthebestfilm(that)I’veeverseen.Thisisthefirstinternationalmeeting(that)hehaseverattended.④先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast修飾時(shí)。Thatistheonly

thingthatwecandonow.Ihavefoundthe

very

pen(that)Ilostyesterday.⑤

當(dāng)先行詞即有人又有物的時(shí)候，只能用that引導(dǎo)定語從句Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthings

(that)weremeber.⑥當(dāng)句子是who,which開頭的疑問句時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)，定語從句用that引導(dǎo)。Whoisthepersonthatiswavingtous?2只用which不用that的情況①

引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時(shí)，只能用which。②

引導(dǎo)詞跟在介詞后，只能用which。Sheheardaterriblenoise,

whichbroughtherheartintohermouth.ThebikebywhichItravelledwashis.定語從句考點(diǎn)二：as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，as有“正如…，正像”之意，且as引導(dǎo)的定語從句位置靈活；而which有“這一點(diǎn)，這件事”之意，且which引導(dǎo)的定語從句只能位于主句之后。Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.John,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.HehasbeentoParismorethantentimes,whichIdon’tbelieve.2.先行詞前有thesame,such，as,so等詞修飾的時(shí)候，一般用as引導(dǎo)定語從句。注意當(dāng)先行詞被thesame修飾時(shí)，如果和先行詞是同一個(gè)東西時(shí)用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，如果是同一類東西時(shí)，用as引導(dǎo)定語從句。I’veneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.ThisisthesamedictionaryasIlostlastweek.SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’swedding.Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho______(have)gottheteacher’spraiseHeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswho_______(have)gottheteacher’spraisehashave定語從句考點(diǎn)五：定語從句中的動(dòng)詞的數(shù)1.關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于先行詞here’saletterfromMrBrown,whowantstocometoBeijing.2.在oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，但oneof前有theonly修飾時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。

在主從復(fù)合句中，對(duì)某一名詞或代詞起修飾作用的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的連接詞叫關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞）。定語從句一般位于先行詞后。Thestudentswhoarehavingclassarefromclass49.先行詞關(guān)系代詞SummaryAttributiveClause1.who指____,作_________（成分）2.whom指____,作________（成分）3.which指____，作_________（成分）4.that指_____，作_________（成分）5.whose作_____(成分)，表____關(guān)系，譯為_____，用來代替_____________.whose指人也指物，指物時(shí)=_______指人時(shí)=________人主、賓人賓主、賓主、賓物人、物定語所屬...的his/her/their/itsofwhichofwhom總結(jié):PracticeCompleteeachsentencewith

that,which,who,whose,whomor

/.1.Herearesomeofthepeople________homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_________wereasleep.3.Thenextday,peopleputup

shelter