直接引語-間接引語3課件

Module3TheViolenceofNatureGrammarIndirectSpeech課頭練習內容單項填空1.Tomtoldhisteacherthathe＿＿＿bornin1980.A.wasB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen【解析】選A。出生是客觀事實，變?yōu)殚g接引語時時態(tài)不變。故選A。2.Thechildaskedhismother＿＿＿＿goouttoplaytennis.

A.thathecouldB.ifhecouldC.ifcouldheD.thatcouldbe【解析】選B。直接引語若為一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，常用if或whether來引導，且從句中用陳述句語序。4.MikesaidhewouldcomebacktoChina＿＿＿＿.A.tomorrowB.nextdayC.thenextdayD.thedaybefore【解析】選C。直接引語變間接引語時tomorrow要改為thenextday,yesterday要變成thedaybefore;由would可判斷答案為C。5.Mycousintoldmethatshe＿＿＿fortheUnitedStatestheweek＿＿＿＿.［2011臨沂高一檢測］A.hasleft;agoB.hadleft;ago C.left;agoD.hadleft;before【解析】選D。間接引語中應用before而不用ago，由此可排除A、B、C三項。由于“l(fā)eave”發(fā)生在“told”之前故應用過去完成時?？键c【規(guī)律方法】祈使句變化口訣——一改，二變，三加，四去祈使句變成間接引語時，根據(jù)說話人的語氣分別用beg,tell,ask,order等作謂語，將原來的祈使句改為動詞不定式。一改：said(to)改為asked或told,ordered等。二變：saidto的賓語或稱呼語變?yōu)閍sked等的賓語。三加：即在動詞原形前加to，使成為動詞不定式。四去：去掉please。當祈使句作直接引語表示要求和命令時，變間接引語時常采用tell/order/commandsb.todosth.的形式。若原句中沒有稱呼語，通?？杉由蟤e,him,us等賓語。若直接引語中祈使句是否定形式,變間接引語時,不定式符號to前要加not或never。1.當祈使句作直接引語表示請求時，變間接引語時常采用request/beg/asksb.todosth.的形式。2.有些疑問句并非提出詢問，而是表示請求或祈求，這種問句變間接引語時和一般祈使句一樣，也常采用ask/beg/requestsb.todosth.結構。①她說：“不要在這兒等了!”(用直接引語翻譯)“Don’twaithereanylonger,”shesaid.

②“Pleasedon’tbelateagain,”hesaid.→Heaskedmenottobelateagain.③“Wouldyou(please)helpmewithmyEnglish?”hebegged.→HebeggedmetohelphimwithhisEnglish.④Theteachersaid,“Willyoupleasenotsmokehere?”→Theteacherrequestedmenottosmokethere.⑤Heasked,“Canyougivemealift?”→Heaskedmetogivehimalift.⑥Ifanyonecomes,tellthemI’millandaskthem＿＿＿anotherday.A.visitB.tovisitC.visitingD.visit【解析】選B。根據(jù)asksb.todosth.可確定選B。句意：如果有人來，告訴他們我病了，請他們改天再來。表建議、要求或勸告的祈使句變間接引語時，可以用suggest,insist,offer等動詞加以轉述。轉述間接引語時要注意suggest,insist,offer,advise等動詞的固定搭配和習慣用法。如suggestdoing。但如果后面接that從句時，從句謂語就要考慮用虛擬語氣，用should+動詞原形，且should可省略。①Hesaid,“Let’sgotothemuseum.”→Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothemuseum.②Davidsaid,“l(fā)etmedoitforyou.”→Davidofferedtodoitforme.直接引語是感嘆句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，間接引語可以用what或how引導，也可以用that引導作賓語從句。表祝愿的感嘆句轉述要根據(jù)原句的意思采用合適的動詞變?yōu)殛愂鼍涫健?1)她說：“天氣是多么的好??！”①Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!”（用直接引語翻譯）②Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.（用間接引語翻譯）③Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.（用賓語從句翻譯）(2)“MerryChristmas!”hesaidtome.（變?yōu)殚g接引語）→HewishedmeaMerryChristmas.

2.直接引語屬于下列情況時時態(tài)不變：（1）直接引語是客觀真理。（2）直接引語是過去進行時。（3）直接引語中有具體的過去某年、月、日作狀語。（4）直接引語用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一種習慣性的動作。（5）直接引語為過去完成時。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時用陳述句語序，只有what’swrong/what’sthematter語序不變。③Theteachertoldmetheearthmovedaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.答案：moved改為moves④Mr.WangsaidhehadbeenbornonApril21,1979.答案：hadbeen改為was⑤Thedoctoraskedmewhatthematterwaswithme.答案：把was放于what與thematter之間⑥Hesaidthathisbike＿＿＿stolenandhe＿＿＿telephonethepolice.A.is;wouldhavetoB.has;willhavetoC.hasbeen;willhavetoD.hadbeen;wouldhaveto【解析】選D。句意:他說他的自行車被偷了，他將不得不報警。由said可知第一個空用過去完成時，第二個空用過去將來時。exercises檢測練習單項填空1.Heregretted＿＿＿sillymistakeshehadmade.A.whatB.howC.thatD.which【解析】選A。直接引語是what引導的感嘆句，變?yōu)殚g接引語后還是由what引導。由mistakes可知how不合適。3.—“Pleaseexplainwhyyou’resolate.”thebosssaidangrily.—“Whatdidthebosssaytome?”—“He＿＿＿＿”A.ordersyoutoexplainwhyyouaresolate.B.orderedyoutoexplainwhywereyousolate.C.askedyoutoexplainwhywereyousolate.D.orderedyoutoexplainwhyyouweresolate.【解析】選D。由said確定用過去時；賓語從句中應用陳述句語序，故選D。4.Theteacher＿＿＿metohaveanothertry.A.warnedB.suggestedC.hopedD.asked【解析】選D。句意：老師請我再試一次。asksb.nottodosth.請求某人不做某事；warnsb.nottodosth.警告某人不做某事；suggest和hope都不能用于此結構。結合句意，應選D項。5.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”→Heaskedme＿＿＿＿＿.A.howamIgettingalongB.howareyougettingalongC.howIwasgettingalongD.howwasIgettingalong【解析】選C。變?yōu)殚g接引語要用陳述句語序，而且時態(tài)要與asked一致。6.Theteacherasked,“Areyouready?”→Theteacheraskedus＿＿＿.A.ifwewerereadyB.thatwewerereadyC.tobereadyD.whetherweareready【解析】選A。直接引語是一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語后要用“if/whether+陳述句”語序。該句時態(tài)也由原來的一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時。故選A。7.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim＿＿＿.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto【解析】選A。由語境可推出后半句直接引語為：buthismothersaidtohim,“Don’trideyourbicycleinthestreet.”因此改為間接引語時應為：buthismothertoldhimnottoridehisbicycleinthestreet,為了避免重復，只保留不定式符號to。8.MyEnglishteacheradvisedI＿＿＿keepmymouthshuttoimprovemyspokenEnglish.A.toB.nottoC.notD.mustn’t【解析】選C。advise+從句（主語+shoulddo），should可以省略。主語I限定advise后只能接賓語從句。若用不定式表達，應用賓格me。9.Mary,＿＿＿here;everybodyelse,staywhereyouare.A.comeB.comesC.tocomeD.coming【解析】選A。題干為祈使句。句意：瑪麗，過來；別的人