課標版高考英語總復(fù)習專題一《名詞、代詞、冠詞（試題練）》教與學

高考英語總復(fù)習PAGEPAGE13學好一門外語很重要。第一部分語法知識專題一名詞、代詞、冠詞探考情悟真題【考情探究】考點考卷年份題型課標全國Ⅰ課標全國Ⅱ課標全國Ⅲ20192018201720162015201920182017201620152019201820172016名詞語篇型填空belief(believe)causes(cause)effects(effect)attrac-tion(attract);days(day)paintings(painting)pollution(pollute)crowds(cro-wd);introdu-ction(introd-uce)achieve-ment(achieve);studies(study)ability(able)compe-tition(compete)scientist(science)education(educ-ate);invitations(invita-tion)develop-ment(develop)短文改錯surpri-sing→surpri-se;player→playerschicken→chickensword→wordshonest→honestyairs→airjob→jobsFriday’s→Friday;sort→sortsinforma-tions→informa-tionknowle-dges→knowle-dgeparent→parentscity→citiesmistake→mistakesyear→years代詞語篇型填空itits(it)its(it)itthem(they)短文改錯刪除playmyfootball中的myanother→otherhard后加myour→hisyour→ourus→meall→both或刪除allhow→what;your→our;many→much加hisyourse-lves→thems-elvesmyself→myyour→my;picture前加thisyourself→myself;when-ever后加I冠詞語篇型填空theathe(other)athethe(for)a(while)the(mostmodern)thea短文改錯foot-ball前加acountry-side前加thehard后加thethe→acountry-side前加the;your→thethe→aa→an/oneworld前加thea→thean→amyself→thepicture前加the去掉the分析解讀1.五年高考課標全國卷在語篇型填空、短文改錯中對名詞的考查內(nèi)容及能力要求:(1)名詞的基本用法。1)名詞的“數(shù)”。要求考生具備以下能力:①在語境中識別哪些是可數(shù)名詞哪些是不可數(shù)名詞的能力;②在語境中識別哪些名詞需用復(fù)數(shù)形式的能力;③掌握名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則的能力。2)名詞的“格”。要求考生掌握:①名詞所有格的基本構(gòu)成(‘s,of及雙重所有格)及其用法;②判斷哪些情況用名詞直接作定語,哪些情況用名詞所有格作定語。(2)名詞構(gòu)詞法。要求考生具備以下能力:①根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷設(shè)空處是否應(yīng)該用名詞形式的能力;②掌握名詞構(gòu)詞法知識的能力。2.五年高考課標全國卷在語篇型填空、短文改錯中對代詞的考查內(nèi)容及能力要求:(1)人稱代詞、物主代詞及反身代詞。要求考生具備根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷設(shè)空處的句法功能的能力,即根據(jù)語境判斷設(shè)空處填人稱代詞的主格或賓格、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞或反身代詞。(2)不定代詞。要求考生掌握易混不定代詞的用法,如one,another,theother,some,others,theothers的用法辨析、both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法辨析、many,much,few,little,afew,alittle的用法辨析等。(3)it的用法。要求考生不僅掌握it,its分別作人稱代詞、物主代詞的基本用法,還要掌握it作形式主語、形式賓語以及在強調(diào)句中的用法。3.五年高考課標全國卷在語篇型填空、短文改錯中對冠詞的考查內(nèi)容:(1)冠詞的基本用法,即冠詞可以表示泛指、特指的用法;(2)冠詞的習慣用法。如2018課標全國Ⅲ語篇型填空考查了atthetopofone’slungs這一習語;2015課標全國Ⅱ語篇型填空考查了形容詞最高級前加the的用法。4.對冠詞、代詞的考查仍然會成為高考語篇型填空、短文改錯的重點。在有些語篇型填空中,對冠詞的考查往往不給出提示詞。5.對名詞的考查,尤其是對名詞的“數(shù)”及名詞構(gòu)詞法的考查仍會成為以后高考的熱點。破考點練考向【網(wǎng)絡(luò)清單】名詞分類代詞人稱代冠詞冠詞的泛指、特冠詞【考點集訓】考點一名詞題組一名詞的基本用法Ⅰ.單句填空1.Ifyouwanttoseehowlifewasbackintheolddays,Chinastillhasmanybeautifulwater(town)tovisit.

答案towns2.Theyarealwaysgatheringintheirwinterfoodinthemiddleofsummerandtheyaremaking(preparation)forthelongcoldwinter.

答案preparations3.Now,nearly500acresofsandisbeingturnedintofarmsproducingcorn,(tomato)andsunflowers.

答案tomatoes4.Calligraphyhasinfluencedtheworldwidelyandhasevenbeenintroducedtomanyneighboring(country).

答案countries5.Afewdollarscanhelptofilla(child)hungrystomach.

答案child’sⅡ.單句改錯6.HeusuallygoestoseehisparentsonSaturday’sevening.

答案Saturday’s→Saturday7.Someofusalsomadeapublicspeechtotellpeoplesomeknowledgesaboutprotectingtheenvironment.

答案knowledges→knowledge題組二名詞構(gòu)詞法1.TheZhongshanteamcompletedtasksincludinginstallationofandtestsforLiDAR,drillingoficebedrock,atmosphericsounding(observe),surveysofbirdsandaerialexplorationcarriedoutbythefixed-wingaircraft.

答案observation2.YoumaynotknowthenameJohnStithPemberton,butyoumustknowthenameofhis(invent):Coca-Cola.

答案invention3.IwastravelinginasmallplaceinNewYork.Thatplacehadnotaxiforashort(distant).

答案distance4.Oncethebrushmovementhesitates,ablackmarkiscreated,sospeed,(strong)andagility(敏捷)istheessenceoffineartwork.

答案strength5.Apartfromdefense,otherpurposesoftheGreatWallhaveincludedbordercontrol,the(encourage)oftradeandthecontrolofimmigration.

答案encouragement6.In1962,RachelCarson’sbest-sellingbook“SilentSpring”createdan(aware)ofthedangerouseffectsofpesticides(農(nóng)藥).

答案awareness7.SeniorexpertsfromUNESCOwereamazedatitsuniquenaturalscenery,nearperfectecosystem,andcreative(combine)ofnatureandhumanism.

答案combination考點二代詞Ⅰ.單句填空1.China’sresearchicebreakerXuelong,onThursdaylocaltimelefttheZhongshanStationon(it)waybacktoChina.

答案its2.Tolightentheaddiction,hecreatedhisowndrinkbyusingleavesofcocaandkolanuts.Henamed“Pemberton’sFrenchWineCoca”.

答案it3.Moreandmorepeoplearewillingtoshoponlinetogetwhattheywant,andIamoneof(they).

答案them4.InaWeibopost,hethankednetizensfor(they)loveandpraise.

答案their5.Inhisletter,Jinintroduced(he)andYiwu.

答案himselfⅡ.單句改錯6.Withoutads,thatwouldbedifficulttogetacrossaproduct’sbasicmessage.

答案that→it7.Alargenumberofstudentsandevensometeacherstookanactivepartinit,wheretheparticipantshandedinourworkswhichwerelatergradedbycalligraphers.

答案our→their8.Butevenifeverylargecitypurifiedandreusedit’swater,westillwouldnothaveenoughwater.

答案it’s→its9.I’velivedinNewYorkandChicago,butdon’tlikeneitherofthemverymuch.

答案neither→either考點三冠詞題組一冠詞的基本用法Ⅰ.單句填空1.AlsoknownastheSnowDragon,theicebreakercarryingaresearchteamsetsailfromShanghaionNov.2lastyear,beginningcountry’s35thAntarcticexpedition.

答案the2.It’snotallthathardtobuildanadvancedandlargevocabulary.Likemanythingsinlife,it’songoingprocess.

答案an3.Chaplinlikedideaofworkinginthefilmindustrybecauseitwouldmeananewlife.

答案the4.Threebecamepoliticalleaders;threebecamedoctors;themostfamousgraduatebecameuniversityteacherandwasresponsiblefortheintroductionofmodernteachingmethodsinhiscountry.

答案aⅡ.單句改錯5.I’mluckyenoughtomakefriendswithsoniceperson.

答案person前加a6.Whataimpressiveexperience!

答案a→an題組二冠詞的習慣用法Ⅰ.單句填空1.Thesoundofthecardiedawayindistance.

答案the2.Eatingchocolateonceinwhilemakesiteasierforyoutoresisteatingitallthetime.

答案a3.Beaversbuildthemselvescurioushutstolivein,andquitefrequentlygreatnumberofthesehutsareplacedclosetogether.

答案a4.Allofsudden,astudentrushedinandpushedheraside.

答案aⅡ.單句改錯5.Someofthesceneryinthisarearanksamongbestinthecountry.

答案best前加the6.Totellatruth,myspokenEnglishusedtobeabigheadacheforme.

答案第一個a→the7.Lastly,youshouldremembertotakesomefoodforthelunchbecausewe’llstaythereandchatwiththematnoon.

答案刪除the【五年高考】A組統(tǒng)一命題·課標卷題組考點一名詞1.(2018天津,6)The(possible)thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.

答案possibility2.(2018江蘇,32)Trytounderstandwhat’sactuallyhappeninginsteadofactingonthe(assume)you’vemade.

答案assumption3.(2017江蘇,34)Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.Butalternative(explain)arehardtofind.

答案explanations4.(2016浙江,4)Itisimportanttopayyour(electric)billontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyourcredit.

答案electricity5.(2016江蘇,24)—Canyoutellusyourrecipefor(happy)andalonglife?

—Livingeverydaytothefull,definitely.答案happiness6.(2015江蘇,32)Someschoolswillhavetomake(adjust)inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.

答案adjustments/adjustment7.(2015江蘇,35)—Goandsaysorrytoyourmom,Dave.—I’dliketo,butI’mafraidshewon’tbehappywithmy(apologize).

答案apology/apologies8.(2015浙江,15)Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduce(stressful)istotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.

答案stress9.(2015安徽,30)Thereisnoneedtotellmeyouranswernow.Giveitsome(think)andthenletmeknow.

答案thought考點二代詞1.(2019天津,3)Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter-schoolactivitiesarehappierthanwhoarenot.

答案those2.(2017天津,11)waswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.

答案It3.(2016浙江,3)Inmanyways,theeducationsystemintheUSisnotverydifferentfromintheUK.

答案that4.(2015天津,2)Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthaninsomelargerschools.

答案that5.(2015浙江,12)HowwouldyoulikeifyouwerewatchingyourfavoriteTVprogramandsomeonecameintotheroomandjustshutitoffwithoutaskingyou?

答案it6.(2015重慶,2)ThemeetingwillbeheldinSeptember,butknowsthedateforsure.

答案nobody7.(2015陜西,13)Towarmhimself,thesailorsatinfrontofthefirerubbingonebarefootagainstthe.

答案other8.(2015四川,10)Nikiisalwaysfullofideas,butisusefultomyknowledge.

答案none考點三冠詞1.(2016浙江,2)prizeforthewinnerofthecompetitionistwo-weekholidayinParis.

答案The;a2.(2015浙江,2)Jane’sgrandmotherhadwantedtowriteachildren’sbookformanyyears,butonethingoranotheralwaysgotinway.

答案the3.(2015重慶,3)IjustheardbankwhereDoraworkswasrobbedbygunmanwearingamask.

答案the;a4.(2015四川,5)Brianisgiftedinwritingmusic;heisverylikelytobeBeethoven.

答案a【三年模擬】A組2018—2020年模擬·基礎(chǔ)題組考點一名詞1.(2020屆安徽六安一中月考一,66)Thoughalone,youcanenjoyyourtravelin(silent)whilethinkingquietly.

答案silence2.(2020屆貴州貴陽8月摸底,67)Humanfoodisverybadforthebaboons’(tooth)becauseithasalotofsugar.

答案teeth3.(2020屆河南天一大聯(lián)考階段檢測Ⅰ,67)Thatwritingsystemwasofgreat(important)inunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.

答案importance4.(2020屆江西臨川二中月考一,65)Duetothe(arrive)ofmoreChinese,moreshopsandbusinessesgrewup.

答案arrival5.(2020屆黑龍江哈爾濱師大附中9月月考,45)Thesegrapesbringwealthaswellastheirdelicious(sweet)tothelocals.

答案sweetness6.(2019河北保定摸底考試,70)BringingtogetherWesternMedicineandTCM,ratherthanbeingin(compete),iswherethepotentialforgreateffectslies.

答案competition7.(2019海南儋州一次統(tǒng)測,64)Bythetimeofhis(die),hewasthebest-sellingChineseauthor,andover100millioncopiesofhisworkshavebeensoldintheworld.

答案death8.(2019河南洛陽期中考試,64)Sofarmodern(platform)havetakentheplaceoftraditionalfocuseswithawiderrangeofcreativeenterprisesfromsmartinfrastructureconstructiontodesignandrobots.

答案platforms9.(2018浙江溫州普通高中高考適應(yīng)性測試,62)Hedecidedtoputhisplaninto(act)—buildingagarden.

答案action10.(2018江西紅色七校一聯(lián),64)TothecitizensinHangzhou,thebestpartofitisthatitwillgiveusthechancetowatchworld-classmatchesand(compete)closetohome.

答案competitions考點二代詞1.(2020屆安徽“江淮十?！币宦?lián),67)Intermsofsocialpsychology,onewayofthinkingaboutthisisthatwefeelmuchbetterabout(we)ifwefocusonsomeonewho’sdoingevenworse,aprocessknownasdownwardsocialcomparison.

答案ourselves2.(2020屆貴州貴陽8月摸底,68)(they)jobistofindbaboonsinthecityandreturnthemtothecountryside.

答案Their3.(2020屆河南許昌高級中學月考一,43)Thenhehid(him)nearbyandwatchedcarefullytoseeifanyonewouldremovethebigrock.

答案himself4.(2020屆黑龍江哈爾濱師大附中9月月考,49)Ifyoupickonegrapeandputinyourmouth,youwillsurelyneverforgetthewonderfultaste.

答案it5.(2020屆四川綿陽南山中學9月月考,70)Nowitoccurredto(he)thathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.

答案him6.(2019湖南瀏陽六校聯(lián)考,67)However,quiteafewotherpeople,especiallyinthecountryside,wouldfixaluckydatesothattheirmarriagewouldhave“DoubleHappiness”.

答案those7.(2019山西太原期中考試,69)Inreturn,bookstoreshaveimprovedtheculturalatmosphereofshoppingmalls,soismutuallybeneficialtohavesuchcooperation.

答案it8.(2019吉林長春市實驗中學月考三,63)Onthisday,dragons,aprominenttotem(圖騰)inChinesecultureraise(they)headswiththesoundofthunder.

答案their9.(2019湖北重點高中聯(lián)考協(xié)作體期中考試,64)Theysaynormallevelsofstresscanhelpstudentstoworkandthinkfasterandmoreeffectively,aswellasimprove(they)performance.

答案their10.(2018江西紅色七校一聯(lián),69)Inthenextfewyears,Hangzhouwilltryitsbesttoprepare(it)forthebigshow.

答案itself考點三冠詞1.(2020屆河南許昌高級中學月考一,50)Thevillagerlearnedavaluablelessonthatmanyotherswouldneverunderstand:Everyobstaclepresentsopportunitytoimproveone’scondition.

答案an2.(2020屆黑龍江大慶鐵人中學開學考試,62)Everyyear,butterfly(蝴蝶)loversinCaliforniagooutinNovembertocountmonarchbutterflies.Theygotaworryingresultfromtheirfallmonarchcountin2018—numberofmonarchshaddroppedby86%since2017.

答案the3.(2020屆江西臨川二中月考一,61)GerrardStreet,whichisbetweenLeicesterSquareandShaftesburyAvenue,isthemostimportantstreetinthearea.ThereisuniquecommunitywithmanyChineserestaurants,supermarketsandshops.

答案a4.(2020屆江西南昌開學摸底,70)Sothekeytousingahappysmiletomakeyoubetterrunnermaybetosmilesincerelyandoftenneararace’send,butin30-secondbursts,ratherthanconstantly.

答案a5.(2020屆云南昆明一中一次摸底,61)TheEconomistisEnglish-languageweeklynewsandinternationalaffairspublicationownedbyTheEconomistNewspaperLtd.

答案an6.(2019湖南瀏陽六校聯(lián)考,69)Theweddingceremonyisusuallyhostedwarmlyandtheweddingceremonyveryoftenendswithuniquebanquet.

答案a7.(2019吉林省吉林市調(diào)研一,64)Butnapscanactuallybedouble-edgedswordbecausewhilewe’reawakeduringtheday,we’rebuildingupsleepinessorsleeppressure.

答案a8.(2019湖北鄂東南教育教學改革聯(lián)盟期中考試,61)ProducedbyChinaCentralTelevision(CCTV)andtheMinistryofEducation(MOE),“FirstClassforNewSemester”hasbecomemandatoryviewingactivityforparentsandstudentsonthefirstdayofthefallsemester.

答案a9.(2018江西紅色七校一聯(lián),70)splendidHangzhouiswaitingtoseeyouin2022.

答案A10.(2018河北唐山五校月考,64)Asthesayinggoes,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackdullboy.”

答案aB組2018—2020年模擬·提升題組1.(2020屆安徽“江淮十?！甭?lián)考一)Mymotherhasbroughtmeseveralbagofbeefjerky.

答案bag→bags2.(2020屆福建永安一中、漳平一中聯(lián)考一)I’dappreciateyouifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.

答案第一個you→it3.(2020屆甘肅天水一中月考一)ItcanbeagreatfunandIbettherewillbealotofcommunicationgoingonamongstudents.

答案刪除great前的a4.(2020屆貴州貴陽8月摸底)Everyautumnwehaveareadingfestivalwheredramaperformancesareshownanddistinguishedwriterareinvited.

答案writer→writers5.(2020屆河南頂級名校期初摸底)IwasgladthatwhenIspokealittleEnglishinBritain,allthosewhocommunicatedwithyouwereabletounderstandme.

答案you→me6.(2020屆山西太原五中9月階段性考試)15%ofthemthinkitcanhelpsomestudentsstopfocusingonshowingoffhisclothes.

答案his→their7.(2020屆河南許昌高中月考一)Atfirstwemadeanpromisethatasgrown-upsweshouldhaveasenseofdutyforoursocietyfromnowon.

答案an→a8.(2019福建泉港一中、南安國光中學期中聯(lián)考)Undoubtedly,he’soneofthemostpopularteacherinourschool.

答案teacher→teachers9.(2019湖北孝感一中、應(yīng)城一中等五校期中聯(lián)考)Onceyouhavefoundsuchtruefriends,dotreasurehim.

答案him→them10.(2019湖北宜昌示范性高中協(xié)作體期中)Encouragedbyher,Iovercamemyfearandfinallymadesuccessfulattempt.

答案successful前加a11.(2019福建長汀一中等六校聯(lián)考)Ontheonehand,smartphonescandistractstudents’attentions.

答案attentions→attention12.(2019安徽皖南八校聯(lián)考一)IwouldneveraskmuchfrommyparentsbecauseIknewitwasnoteasyforhimtomakealiving.

答案him→them13.(2018河南豫南九校聯(lián)考二)Atsametime,Iwillaskmyfriendsandparentstohelpme.

答案At后加the14.(2018四川雙流中學月考)Asyoutravel,youwillseebeautifulsceneriesandyoucanmeetandmakefriendswithpeopleofdifferentcolorsandraces.

答案sceneries→scenery15.(2018吉林百校聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考)Imanagedtocalmthemdownandsaidweshouldallputusinothers’shoes.

答案us→ourselves16.(2018湖南永州一模)Theytaketheattitudethatlargecrowdsoftouristtothezoowillgiverisetotrafficjams.

答案tourist→touristsC組2018—2020年模擬·綜合題組Passage1MynameisWilWheaton—andIamanerd(怪人).It’sawesometobe1nerd.WhenIwasalittleboy,peoplereallyteasedmeaboutthatandmademefeelliketherewas2wrongwithmeforlovingstrange3(thing).NowthatI’m4adult,I’maprofessionalnerd,and5worldhaschanged.Ithinkwehaverealizedthatbeinganerdisnotaboutwhatyoulovebutabouthowyoulove.Sothere’sgoingtobeathinginyourlifethatyoulove.Idon’tknowwhatit’sgoingtobe.Itmightbesportsorscienceorreadingortelling6(story)—7doesn’tmatterwhatitis.SomeofusloveGameofThrones,while8loveStarWars.Butwealllovethosethingssomuchthatwetravel9(thousand)ofmiles—whichisprobablyeasy