考研考博-英語-安徽礦業(yè)職業(yè)技術學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽礦業(yè)職業(yè)技術學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.翻譯題

1.Wecansayalotofthingsaboutthose(

)（畢生致力于詩歌的人）:theyarepassionate,impulsive,andunique.

2.Marycouldn’thavereceivedmyletter,

(

)

（否則她上周就該回信了）.

3.Nancyissupposedto

(

)

（做完化學實驗）atleasttwoweeksago.

4.Neveronce

(

)（老兩口互相爭吵）sincetheyweremarried40yearsago.

5.

(

)（一個國家未來的繁榮在很大程度上有賴于）thequalityofeducationofitspeople.

【答案】1.Wecansayalotofthingsaboutthosewhohavespenttheirwholelivesonpoems

（畢生致力于詩歌的人）:theyarepassionate,impulsive,andunique.

2.Marycouldn’thavereceivedmyletter,orsheshouldhaverepliedtomelastweek

（否則她上周就該回信了）.

3.Nancyissupposedtohavefinishedherchemistryexperiments（做完化學實驗）atleasttwoweeksago.

4.Neveroncehastheoldcouplequarreledwitheachother

（老兩口互相爭吵）sincetheyweremarried40yearsago.

5.Theprosperityofanationislargelydependentupon

（一個國家未來的繁榮在很大程度上有賴于）thequalityofeducationofitspeople.

2.單選題

Mencommitmotoringoffencesaswomen,accordingtotheHomeOfficefigures.

問題1選項

A.ninetimesof

B.asninetimes

C.ninetimesthatof

D.ninetimeasmany

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法知識。對比選項可知本題考查倍數。與times相關的倍數表達方式為：AisNtimes(形容詞比較級)thanB。因此D選項符合題意。

3.單選題

Shegotveryangryand（

）herclothesaboutintheroom.

問題1選項

A.flung

B.flew

C.clamped

D.clashed

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:她很生氣，把衣服扔的房間里到處都是。

fling(尤指生氣地)扔，擲，拋，丟;猛動(身體或身體部位);粗暴地(向某人)說;氣勢洶洶地(對某人)說。clamp夾住，固定;緊緊抓住;緊夾住;被抓住;被夾緊;用夾鎖鎖住(車)。clash打斗;沖突;比賽;(公開地)爭論。

4.單選題

Adynamiceconomyisfoundedonthe（）ofentrepreneurs,whichisrewardedbyprofit.

問題1選項

A.perspiration

B.desperation

C.respiration

D.aspiration

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。perspiration“汗水，努力”；desperation“絕望的境地，不顧一切拼命”；respiration“呼吸”；aspiration“渴望，抱負”。句意：一個充滿活力的經濟是建立在企業(yè)家的抱負之上的，而這是通過利潤來回報的。選項D更符合語境。

5.單選題

Heresented（

）towait.Heexpectedtheminister（

）

himatonce.

問題1選項

A.tobeasked,tosee

B.beingasked,tosee

C.tobeasked,seeing

D.beingasked,seeing

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：他憎恨等待。他希望總理馬上見他。resented后面一般直接接名詞或者動詞的現在分詞形式；expect后面一般接不定式，所以答案選B。

6.單選題

Shehasthe（

）ofenteringgraduateschoolorstartingherprofessionalcareer.

問題1選項

A.optimum

B.option

C.orientation

D.preference

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。optimum意為“最佳效果，最適宜條件”；option意為“選擇權，選擇（的自由）”；orientation意為“方向，定位”；preference意為“偏愛，喜愛”。

句意：她可以選擇進入研究生院或開始她的職業(yè)生涯。

7.單選題

Thisareaoftheparkhasbeenspecially（）forchildren,butaccompanyingadultsarealsowelcome.

問題1選項

A.inaugurated

B.designated

C.entitled

D.delegated

【答案】B

【解析】句意:公園的這個區(qū)是專門為孩子們設定的，但是也歡迎陪同的成年人。

考查動詞辨析。選項均為對應動詞的過去分詞形式表被動。inaugurate開辟，舉行開幕典禮，舉行就職典禮；designate指定，標出，bedesignatedfor為…而設；entitle定名為…，給…稱號，使有權利，常用于beentitledto表示有……資格；delegate委派……為代表，委任。故B符合句意。

8.單選題

Obviously,theemployer’sreplyborelittle（）toemployees’requirements.

問題1選項

A.relationship

B.concern

C.interest

D.relevance

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。relationship“關系”；concern“關心”；interest“興趣”；relevance“要求”。本句意為“很明顯的，雇主的答復與雇員的要求無關”。因此D選項正確。

9.單選題

Large,multinationalcorporationsmaybethecompanieswhoseupsanddownsseizeheadlines.ButtoafargreaterextentthanmostAmericansrealize,theeconomy’svitalitydependsonthefortunesoftinyshopsandrestaurants,neighborhoodservicesandfactories.Smallbusinesses,definedasthosewithfewerthan100workers,nowemploynearly60percentoftheworkforceandareexpectedtogeneratehalfofallnewjobsbetweennowandtheyear2000.Some1.2millionsmallfirmshaveopenedtheirdoorsoverthepastsixyearsofeconomicgrowth,and1989willseeanadditional200,000entrepreneursstrikingoffontheirown.

Toomanyofthesepioneers,however,willblazeaheadunprepared.Idealistswilloverestimatetheclamorfortheirproductsorfailtofactorinthecompetition.Nearlyeveryonewillunderestimate,oftenfatally,thecapitalthatsuccessrequires.Midcareerexecutives,forcedbyatakeoverorarestructuringtoquitthecorporationandfindanotherwaytosupportthemselves,maysavortheideaofbeingtheirownbossbutmayforgetthatentrepreneursmustalso,atleastforawhile,bebookkeeperandreceptionist,too.AccordingtoSmallBusinessAdministrationdata,24ofevery100businessesstartingouttodayarelikelytohavedisappearedintwoyears,and27morewillhaveshuttheirdoorsfouryearsfromnow.By1995,morethan60ofthose100start-upswillhavefolded.Anewstudyof3,000smallbusinesses,sponsoredbyAmericanExpressandtheNationalFederationofIndependentBusiness,suggestsslightlybetterodds:Threeyearsafterstart-up,77percentofthecompaniessurveyedwerestillalive.Mostcreditedtheirsuccessinlargeparttohavingpickedabusinesstheyalreadywerecomfortablein.Eightypercenthadworkedwiththesameproductorserviceintheirlastjobs.

Thinkingthroughanenterprisebeforethelaunchisobviouslycritical.Butmanyentrepreneursforgetthatafirm’shealthinitsinfancymaybelittleindicationofhowwellitwillage.Youmusttenderlymonitoritspulse.Intheirzealtoexpand,small-businessownersoftenignoreearlywarningsignsofastagnantmarketorofdecayingprofitability.Theyhopefullypourmoreandmoremoneyintotheenterprise,preferringnottoacknowledgeerodingprofitmarginsthatmeanthemarketfortheiringeniousserviceorproducthasevaporated,orthattheymustcutthepayrollorvacatetheirlavishoffices.Onlywhenthefinancialwellrunsdrydotheyseetheseriousnessoftheillness,andbythenthepatientisusuallytoofargonetosave.

Frequentchecksofyourfirm’svitalsignswillalsoguideyoutoasensiblerateofgrowth.Tosnatchopportunity,youmustspotthesignalsthatitistimetoconquernewmarkets,addproductsorperhapsfranchiseyourhotidea.

1.Accordingtothepassage,acountry’seconomyisprobablydecidedby（

）.

2.Inordertosucceedinabusiness,theentrepreneurshould

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutsmallbusinessisnottrue?

4.Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthe3rdparagraphmeanaccordingtothepassage?

5.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?

問題1選項

A.theprosperityanddeclineofthetransnationalcorporations

B.theriseandfallofthemarketsandproductsaswellascapital

C.thefateofthesmallbusinessessuchassmallplantsandrestaurants

D.theeconomicincreaseanddecreaseofthelargecompanies

問題2選項

A.getverywellpreparedforhisnewbusiness

B.chooseabusinesshe’salreadyfamiliarwith

C.examinethecompany’scrucialsignsnowandthen

D.investasmuchaspossibleintohisenterprise

問題3選項

A.Ithelpseffectivelytofightunemployment.

B.Theearlieritstarts,thesooneritcollapses.

C.There’sgoodomenforsmallbusinessaccordingtoasurvey.

D.Somesmallbusinessownersareblindtoearlypremonitionoffailure.

問題4選項

A.Thepatientisseriouslyillbecauseoflackofwaterinthewell.

B.Thepatientcanbesavedifhehasenoughmoneytosolvethefinancialproblem.

C.It’stoolateforsmallbusinessownerstorealizethegravityoftheproblembecausetheyhaveuseduptheirmoney.

D.It’surgentforsmallbusinessownerstopouralltheirmoneyintotheenterprisetorevitalizetheirbusiness.

問題5選項

A.Howtobecomeawinnerinsmallbusiness?

B.Howtobeasuccessfulbossinamultinationalcorporation?

C.Howtodealwiththeupsanddownsinsmallbusiness?

D.Howtoconquernewmarketsandgainthelargestprofit?

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“根據文章可知一個國家的經濟可能由什么決定？”文章第一段第二句話提到“但是遠遠超過大多數美國人了解的是美國的經濟活力靠的是小商店、飯店、居民服務和工廠”（ButtoafargreaterextentthanmostAmericansrealize,theeconomy’svitalitydependsonthefortunesoftinyshopsandrestaurants,neighborhoodservicesandfactories），選項C符合題意。

第2題:推理判斷題。題目問的是“為了能成功，企業(yè)應該怎么做？”文章第二段第一句話提到“大多數先鋒企業(yè)因為沒有前期準備進行開拓進取”（Toomanyofthesepioneers,however,willblazeaheadunprepared），接著又提到“到1995年，60%的這些企業(yè)倒閉”（By1995,morethan60ofthose100start-upswillhavefolded），說明沒做好準備的企業(yè)堅持不了很長時間，而要想成功，必須做好準備，選項A“為自己的新生意做好十足準備”符合題意。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“下列關于對小企業(yè)的描述哪個是錯誤的？”文章第二段提到60%的先鋒企業(yè)倒閉是因為沒有做好準備，并不是因為它們開始得早，所以選項B“開始得越早，倒閉得越快”符合題意。

第4題:推理判斷題。題目問的是“第三段最后一句話的意思是什么？”文章第三段最后一句話提到“只有當資金源泉干涸時，他們才看到問題的嚴重性，而那個時候，這個病人（即小企業(yè)）已經無藥可救了”（Onlywhenthefinancialwellrunsdrydotheyseetheseriousnessoftheillness,andbythenthepatientisusuallytoofargonetosave），因此選項C“小企業(yè)老板用光了錢之后才意識到問題，但是已經為時已晚”符合題意。

第5題:主旨大意題。題目問的是“這篇文章的中心思想是什么？”文章主要講述了小企業(yè)如何建立、又如何因為沒有提前意識到問題而破產、如何成功發(fā)展小企業(yè)等問題，選項A“如何在小企業(yè)中成為勝利者”符合題意。

10.單選題

Agrowingnumberofcompaniesarenowtryingtoserve“segmentsofone.”Theyattemptto()theirofferandcommunicationtoeachindividualcustomer.Thisisunderstandablewithlargeindustrialcompaniesthathaveonlyafewmajorcustomers.

問題1選項

A.adopt

B.adapt

C.incorporate

D.exclude

【答案】B

【解析】adopt采取，接受；adapt使適應；incorporate包含，吸收，合并；exclude排除。句意：越來越多的公司正試圖服務于“一個部分”。他們試圖讓客戶適應他們所提供的服務并和每一個個體客戶進行溝通。對于只有少數主要客戶的大型公司來說，這是可以理解的。選項B符合句意。

11.單選題

Whentheconcentrationofcalciuminthebloodistoolow,theparathyroidglandsbegantosecretethehormoneparathormone.

問題1選項

A.concentration

B.too

C.began

D.secrete

【答案】C

【解析】根據題中when引導的時間狀語從句中為一般現在時態(tài)可知，C選項也應該用begin動詞原形，句意：當血液中的鈣濃度過低時，甲狀旁腺開始分泌甲狀腺激素。選項C符合題意。

12.翻譯題

Currently,Chinaisinthemidstofachallengingtransition.Arapidlyagingpopulation,increasingdebt,anddecliningreturnsonfixedassetinvestmentplacenewburdensontheeconomy.Becauseofaging,thelaborforceisexpectedtopeakthisyearandbeginalongdeclinethatcouldreduceitssizeby16percentby2050.By2030,China’sdependencyratio—thepercentageofthepopulationthatisnotinthelaborforce(mostlytheelderlyandchildren)—willreach47percent.Thisisfarsooner,intermsofGDPpercapita,thanincountriessuchasJapanortheUnitedStates.

【答案】

目前，中國正處于一個具有挑戰(zhàn)性的轉型階段。人口老齡化的迅速增長、不斷增加的債務以及固定資產投資回報率的下降給經濟帶來了新的負擔。由于人口老齡化，中國的勞動力總量預期今年達到最高峰，然后開始一個長期的減少，而到2050年中國的勞動力規(guī)模可能減少16%。到2030年，中國的撫養(yǎng)比率——即不屬于勞動力的人口百分比（主要是老年人和兒童）將達到47%。而中國人均國內生產總值的減少會比日本或美國等國家出現得早很多。

13.單選題

Peopleinnately（

）forsuperiorityovertheirpeersalthoughitsometimestakestheformofanexaggeratedlustforpower.

問題1選項

A.strive

B.ascertain

C.justify

D.adhere

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。strivefor意為“爭取,奮斗”；選項B為及物動詞；選項C和D通常與介詞to搭配。所以選項A正確。

14.單選題

Whenpeoplearcstruckbylightening,theyfalltothegroundasthoughtheywerestruckbyasevereblowtotheheaD.Aftertheshocktheymayremainunconscious,becomesemiconsciousorbeconsciousbutconfusedanddazed,atleastforatime.Flashesoflightmaycontinuepassingbeforetheireyes,andblindnessanddeafnessmayfollow.Thenervoussystemmaybebadlyaffected,causingparalysis,paininthelimbsandevenhemorrhage.Therewillbebumswherethelighteningpassedthroughthebody,andlikeallelectricalbums,theyareoftendeepandsevere.

Allpersons,especiallycampersandhunters,shouldknowhowtogivefirstaidtosomeonewhohasbeenstruckbylightening.Donotbeafraidtotouchthevictim.Youwon'tgetashock.ThelighteninghasalreadybeengroundeD.Rememberthatspeedisofthegreatestimportanceinseverecases.

Thefirstthingtodoistoloosentightclothingaboutthethroatandwaist.Thencleartheairpassagesofmucus(黏液)ifpresent,andapplyartificialrespirationifnecessary.Givemouth-mouthresuscitationifneeded,orgiveoxygenifavailable.ManyvictimsthoughtIobedeadhavebeenrevivedaftertreatment.

Sendsomeoneforadoctorassoonaspossible,butdon'tleavethevictimalone.Ifadoctorisnotavailable,takethepersontoahospitalassoonasthepersoncanbesafelymoved.

Signsofshockare:pale,cold,stickyskin;weak,rapidpulse;shallow,irregularbreathingor,inextremecases,nobreathingatall.Totreatshock,youmustkeepthepatientlyingdownwiththeheadlowerthanthefeetandcoverhimorherwithablanketbutwatchoutforoverheating.Givingastimulatinghotteaorcoffeewillhelp,butonlyifthepatientisthoroughlyconscious.

Afterbreathinghasbeenrestoredandshockistreated,treatthebums.Applysomesalveandcoverthemwithacleanclothorasteriledressing.Ifconscious,thepatientwillbebadlyfrightened,sodoallyoucantoreassure.Alittleknowledgeandahelpinghandmaysavesomeone'slife.

1.Thepassagemainlytalksabout（）.

2.Accordinglothepassage,allthefollowingaresignsofshockexcept（）.

3.Itcanbeguessedfromthepassagethat（）.

4.Theword"salve"inline2ofthelastparagraphmostlikelymeans（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingmustnotbedonewhiletreatingshock?

問題1選項

A.whichmetalsconductelectricitybest

B.wheretogoinathunderstorm

C.howtotreatsomeonestruckbylightening

D.howtomakemouth-to-mouthresuscitation

問題2選項

A.abnormalfever

B.coldskin

C.irregularbreathing

D.rapidpulse

問題3選項

A.manycampersandhuntersarestruckbylightening

B.carsareconvenientforoutdooractivities

C.electricshockdoeslittleharmtothehumanbody

D.onlyprofessionalnursesanddoctorsareallowedtogivefirstaid

問題4選項

A.sponge

B.bandage

C.ointment

D.liquid

問題5選項

A.Givingthepatientacupofhottea.

B.Makingthepatientliewiththefeetlowerthanthehead.

C.Coveringthebumswithasteriledressing.

D.Applyingartificialrespiration

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.結合全文內容可知，本文主要是講述如何治療被閃電擊中的人。

2.根據第五段的第一句“Signsofshockare:pale,cold,stickyskin;weak,rapidpulse;shallow,irregularbreathingor,inextremecases,nobreathingatall.”可知，只有選項A不屬于休克的癥狀，所以本題選A。

3.根據第二段的第一句“Allpersons,especiallycampersandhunters,shouldknowhowtogivefirstaidtosomeonewhohasbeenstruckbylightening.”所有人，尤其是露營者和獵人，都應該知道如何對被閃電擊中的人進行急救。由此可推斷，露營者和獵人最容易遇到被閃電擊中的情況，所以選項A正確。

4.根據常識，被雷電擊中后會被燒傷，燒傷之后當然要涂抹一些藥膏，所以這里的“salve”指藥膏，只有選項C與之意思相近。

5.根據原文可知，選項B對應文中的“youmustkeepthepatientlyingdownwiththeheadlowerthanthefeet”，但與原文表述相反，因此選擇B選項。

15.單選題

Withscholarsfrom24countries（

）theconference,thecommitteehadagreatdealofworktodo.

問題1選項

A.attend

B.attended

C.attending

D.toattend

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結構。這里考查的是非謂語動詞。with+名詞+分詞，表示原因或者伴隨條件，scholars和動詞attend是主動關系，故正確答案選C。句意為：有來自24個國家的學者參加了會議，組委會有很多工作要做。

16.單選題

Hestoodthere,（

）apen.

問題1選項

A.askingfor

B.askfor

C.askedfor

D.toaskfor

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他站在那,想要一只筆。

語法題?？疾閯釉~的-ing形式作狀語。此處已有謂語動詞stood，所以后面是ask的Ing形式作伴隨狀語。故選A。

17.單選題

Reductioninoverseasgovernmentexpendituretookplace,but（

）andmoregraduallythannowseemsdesirable.

問題1選項

A.reluctantly

B.unwittingly

C.impulsively

D.anxiously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。reluctantly“不情愿地”；unwittingly“不知不覺地”；impulsively“有推動力的”；anxiously“不安地，憂慮地”。句意：海外政府開支有所減少，但是比現在所期望的要勉強并且緩慢。選項A符合題意。

18.單選題

Wearetoldthemassmediaarethegreatestorgansforenlightenmentthattheworldhasyetseen;thatinBritain,forinstance,severalmillionpeopleseeeachissueofthecurrentaffairsprogrammeasPanoroma.Itistruethatneverinhumanhistoryweresomanypeoplesooftenandsomuchexposedtoomuchintimationaboutsocieties,formsoflife,andattitudesotherthanthosewhichtheyobtainintheirlocalsocieties.Thiskindofexposuremaywellbeapointofdepartureforacquiringcertainimportantintellectualandimaginativequalities,widthofjudgment,andasenseofthevarietyofpossibleattitudes.Yetinitselfsuchexposuredoesnotbringintellectualorimaginativedevelopment.Itisnomorethanthemassesofstonewhichliearoundinquarry(采石場)andwhichmay,conceivably,gotothemakingofacathedral.Themassmediacannotbuildthecathedral,andtheirwayofshowingthestonesdonotalwayspromptotherstobuild.Forthestonesarepresentedwithinaself-containedandself-sufficientworldinwhich,itisimplied,simplytolookatthem,toobservefleetinglyindividuallyinterestingpointsofdifferencebetweenthemissufficientinitself.

Lifeisindeedfullofproblemsonwhichwehaveto—orfeelweshouldtryto—makedecisions,ascitizensorasprivateindividuals.Butneithertherealdifficultyofthesedecisions,northeirtrueanddisturbingchallengetoeachindividual,canoftenbecommunicatedthroughthemassmedia.Thedisinclinationtosuggestrealchoice,individualdecision,whichistobefoundinthemassmediaisnotsimplytheproductofacommercialdesiretokeepthecustomershappy.Itiswithinthegrainofmasscommunications.Theorgansoftheestablishment,howeverwell-intentionedtheymaybeandwhatevertheirform(theState,theChurch,voluntarysocieties,politicalparties),haveavestedinterestinensuringthatthepublicboatisnotviolentlyrocked,andwillsoaffectthosewhoworkwithinthemassmediathattheywillbeledinsensiblytowardsformsofproductionwhich,thoughtheygothroughthemotionsofdisputeandinquiry,donotbreakthroughtheskintowheresuchinquiriesmightreallyhurt.Theywilltendtomove,whenexposingproblems,wellwithintheacceptedclicheassumptionsofdemocraticsocietyandwilltendneitherradicallytoquestionclichesnortomakeadisturbingapplicationofthemtofeaturesofcontemporarylife.Theywillstressthe“stimulation”theprogramsgive,butthissoonbecomesanagitationofproblemsforthesakeoftheinterestofthatagitationitself;theywilltherefore,again,assistaformofacceptanceofthestatusquo(現狀).Therewereexceptionstothistendency,buttheyareuncharacteristic.

1.Accordingtothepassage,themassmediapresentuswith（

）.

2.Whateffectisitclaimedthemassmediacanhaveonourintellectualandimaginativedevelopment?

3.Theauthorusesthecomparisonwithbuildingacathedralthat（

）.

4.Howarethemassmediasaidtoinfluenceourabilitytomakedecisions?

5.Themainweaknessofthemassmediaisidentifiedbytheauthoras（

）.

問題1選項

A.insufficientdiversityofinformation

B.toorestrictedaviewoflife

C.awiderangeoffactsandopinions

D.acriticalassessmentofoursociety

問題2選項

A.Theyarelikelytofrustratethisdevelopment.

B.Theycanformabasisforit.

C.Theycandistortourjudgment.

D.Theycanstimulatetoomuchmentalactivity.

問題3選項

A.worthwhileresultsdonotdependonrawmaterialonly

B.themediaevalmediahaddifferentbeliefs

C.greatworksofartrequiregoodfoundations

D.closeattentiontodetailisimportant

問題4選項

A.Theydisturbusbytheirprejudices.

B.Theymakeusdoubtourownjudgments.

C.Theymakenocontributioninthisarea.

D.Theymakedecisionswhichappeartoocomplicated.

問題5選項

A.fearoflosingthecustomer

B.thediverseviewsofthecontributors

C.servicetotheprofitmotive

D.tryingtocaterforavestrangeofaudience

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)題。第一段指出:人類歷史上從來沒有過如此多的人頻繁地批露，諸如：社會、生活方式以及思想觀念的陰暗面，而這些與人們從所處社會接收的那些信息是不同的。因此排除A、B項。第二段指出:Thoughtheygothroughthemotionsofdisputeandenquiry,donotbreakthroughtheskintowheresuchenquiresmightreallyhurt(盡管他們辯論、質疑，但仍然觸及不到關鍵之處),由此推斷D項(對社會的一個批判性評估)是大眾傳媒所不具備的。故選C項(廣泛的事實和意見)。

2.細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞intellectualandimaginativedevelopment定位至第一段:Thiskindofexposuremaywellbeapointofdepartureforacquiringcertainimportantintellectualandimaginativequalities,widthofjudgment,andasenseofthevarietyofpossibleattitudes。據此可知B項正確。

3.推斷題。根據題干定位至第一段:Themassmediacannotbuildthecathedral,andtheirwayofshowingthestonesdonotalwayspromptotherstobuild,作者用建大教堂這個比喻說明有價值的結果不僅僅依靠原材料。故選A。

4.細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞定位至第二段。第二句說:大眾媒介經常不能把做這些決定的困難進行報道，它不起作用，更不會使決定變得更為復雜。故選C。

5.細節(jié)題。作者認為大眾傳播媒介的主要弱點是為了獲得利益,故C項(因為獲利動機)正確。

19.單選題

Ajournalist’sfriendwhohasbeenlivinginNewYorkformanyyearswritesacolumnforaChinesenewspaperinHongKongonculturalsubjects,andChineseandWesterntraditions,recentlytouchedonthequestion:whytranslationsofnovelsbywell-knowncontemporaryChineseauthorsdonotsellwellabroad?

Quotingamainlandsource,DongDingshanrevealedthatinFrance,whichprobablyhasthefinesttastesforartandcultureintheworld,only10copiesoftranslatedworksbyLuXunandBaJinweresoldin1994.

ThepoorsalesareareminderthatcontemporaryChineseliteraturehasyettosecureaplaceontheworldstageascommensuratewithitsachievements.

OneexplanationisthatwhilemanyChineseauthorsnowadaystakegreatprideinhavingtheirworkstranslatedintoforeignlanguages,fewhaveanyideahowmuchtheirnovelswouldbeunderstood,nottosayenjoyed,inforeigncountries.Anotheristhatthosewhohavethepowertoselectworksfortranslationareguidedentirelybytheirownverysubjectivestandardsratherthanthetasteandinterestsofforeignreaders.Thetwoareinterrelatedbutbothshowalackofunderstandingoftheforeignreadership.

However,whatseemstobethegreatestdifficultytoDongonthetranslationofliteraryworksforforeignconsumptionisrenderingthedistinctlydifferentstylesofChineseprosewriting.WhereasChinesewritersliketoheapadjectivesanddecorativewords,suchdescriptionsareapttobemeaninglessorannoyingtoforeignreaders.Especiallyinthecaseofnewswriting,clarityissupremeanduselesswordsonlydistractfromastory’sreadability.

Inviewofthis,translationoflyricalworksisoftenathanklessjob.Dongbelievesessaysandprosestandamuchbetterchanceofsuccess.Asfornovels,successdependsonwhetherforeignreaderscanfollowthestorieswhicharedevelopedincircumstanceswithwhichtheyareentirelyunfamiliar.

ItisseldomrealizedthatsuccessfultranslationofChinesenovelsisinvariablytheco-reationoftheauthorandtranslator.WithagoodcommandofChinesewritingskills,thetranslatorisideallyalsosomeonewhowritesgood,decentEnglish,notjustcorrectsentences.

TheChinesetranslatorwhoreliesonadictionaryeverystepofthewayisunlikelytoproducetranslationsthatcaninterestreaders,Dongbelieves.

ThereisagreatdealofsenseinDong’sbeliefthatChinesenovelsareideallytranslatedbynativespeakersofEnglish,asdidProfessorJeffreyKinkleywhorecentlytranslatedImperfectParadisebythecontemporaryChinesewriterShenCongwen.Kindlytooknoteintheprefaceofhistranslationthatword-for-wordtranslationonlyhurtstheoriginal-acredoheardoftenenoughamongtranslationcirclesinChinabutwhichismucheasiersaidthandone.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout（

）.

2.DongDingshan’sattitudetowardcontemporaryChineseliteraturetranslationcanbebestsummarizedas

（

）.

3.Translationofnovelsbywell-knowncontemporaryChineseauthorsdon’tsellwellabroadmainlybecause

（

）.

4.AccordingtoDongDingshan,whatisthedifferenceinprosewritingbetweenChineseandforeigners?

5.AllthefollowingcanimpliedfromthepassageEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項

A.translationoflyricalworks

B.impropertranslation

C.understandingoftheforeignreadership

D.achievementsofChineseliteraturetranslation

問題2選項

A.unsatisfactory

B.cheerful

C.hopeful

D.indifferent

/r