考研考博-英語-新疆師范高等?？茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-新疆師范高等?？茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Theoldking（

）.Theyaremakinganewking.

問題1選項

A.wasbelievedtobekilled

B.isbelievedbeingkilled

C.isbelievedhavingbeenkilled

D.isbelievedtohavebeenkilled

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法。由第二句“他們正在選舉一位新國王”可知，之前的國王被認(rèn)為已經(jīng)殺害了，故用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動，再結(jié)合bebelievedto“被認(rèn)為……”可知D項正確。句意：他們認(rèn)為之前的國王已經(jīng)被殺害了，他們正在選舉一位新國王。

2.單選題

Manytouristswere（

）bythecity’scomplicatedtrafficsystem.

問題1選項

A.degraded

B.bewildered

C.evoked

D.diverted

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。degrade“降級，降低，退化”；bewilder“使迷惑”；evoke“引起，喚起”；divert“轉(zhuǎn)移”。句意：很多游客都被這個城市復(fù)雜的交通系統(tǒng)弄得暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向。選項B符合題意。

3.不定項選擇題

Watermakesupnearlythree-quartersoftheEarth’ssurface,butitdoesmorethanjustcoverourplanet—italsoplaysavitalroleinshapingit.

ConsidertheGrandCanyon.Measuring277mileslong,18mileswideandmorethan1miledeep,itisconsideredoneoftheSevenNaturalWondersoftheWorldandattractsmorethan5millionvisitorsperyear.ThisgeologicalmarvelwascreatedbythewatersoftheColoradoRiverthroughtheprocessesofweatheringanderosion.

Weatheringistheprocessbywhichmovingwaterbreaksdownsoil,rockandminerals,anderosionistheprocessbywhichtheflowingwatertransportssoilandrockfromonespotanddepositsitelsewhere.Thetwoprocessesoftenoccurinconjunction.

Weatheringanderosionareveryslowprocesses.GeologistsbelievetheColoradoRiverhasbeenflowingthroughtheGrandCanyonforatleast17millionyears,andithasbeengraduallyshapingthecanyonthisentiretime.TheflowingwateroftheriveranditstributarieshascarvedawayattherockoftheColoradoPlateau,creatingthesightwearefamiliarwithtoday.

Cavesandcavernsareanotherexampleofweatheringanderosion.Limestonecaves,suchastheCarlsbadCavernsinNewMexico,areformedwhenrainwatermixeswithcarbondioxideinthegroundandwearsawayatthelimestone.Seacaves,whichcanbefoundalongcoastlines,areformedwhenpowerfulwavescrashagainsttheshoreandbreakawaychunksofrock.Icecavesareformedwhenglaciersmeltandtheicemeltflowsacrossthegroundasastream.

Youdon’thavetotravelveryfartoseetheeffectsofweatheringanderosionforyourself,though.Ifyou’veeverbeentothebeach,you’vealreadyseenevidenceofhowpowerfulofaforcemovingwatercanbe—andallyouhadtodowaslookdown.Thesandcoveringthebeachisactuallytheresultofrocksbeingbrokendownintotinypiecesandthenwashedashorebythewaves.

AlthoughweatheringanderosionareresponsibleforcreatingbeautifulsightssuchassandybeachesandtheGrandCanyon,therearemanynegativeconsequencesaswell.Landslidesaresomeofthemostdangeroussideeffectsoferosion.Whenhillsidesormountainsidesaregraduallywornaway,theycanbecomeunstableandbreakdown,especiallywhentriggeredbyextremeweathersuchasfloods,heavyrainorsnow.Everyyear,landslidescausemassiveamountsofpropertydamageandcasualties.

1.WhataretheprocessesbywhichwatercanshapetheEarth?

2.Whatdoestheauthordescribeinthepassage?

3.HowdoestheauthorpresenttheGrandCanyon?

4.Inthelastparagraph,theauthormentionslandslidestomakethepointthaterosion________.

問題1選項

A.Deforestationandclimatechange.

B.Weatheringanderosion.

C.Soilproductivityandfertilization.

D.Deepplowingandcroprotation.

問題2選項

A.Thepositiveeffectsofindustrialization.

B.ThetourismindustryaroundtheGrandCanyon.

C.Thehistoryofclimatechange.

D.Thewaysthatmovingwatercanshapeandchangetheland.

問題3選項

A.Aseffectsoflandslides.

B.Asgeologicalmysteries.

C.Asnegativeeffectsoferosion.

D.Aspositiveeffectsoferosion.

問題4選項

A.isoftenbeneficial

B.isaveryslowprocess

C.canhaveharmfuleffects

D.canhelpshapecavesandcaverns

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:事實細節(jié)題。A選項“荒漠化和環(huán)境變化”；B選項“風(fēng)化和侵蝕”；C選項“土地生產(chǎn)率和肥料”；D選項“深耕和輪耕”。根據(jù)題干的watercanshapeearth，我們定位到第二段最后一句ThisgeologicalmarvelwascreatedbythewatersoftheColoradoRiverthroughtheprocessesofweatheringanderosion.（這種物理奇跡是科羅拉多的水通過侵蝕和腐蝕而創(chuàng)作出來的。）答案選B，其他選項與題無關(guān)。

第2題:主旨大意題。A選項“工業(yè)化的積極影響”；B選項“科羅拉多大峽谷周圍的旅游業(yè)”；C選項“環(huán)境變化的歷史”；D選項“流水改變大地的方式”；整篇文章沒有提及工業(yè)化和環(huán)境變化，A，C排除；文章只是用科羅拉多峽谷的變化來引入主題，沒有提及峽谷周圍的旅游業(yè)，所以B選項排除；文章第一句話點出主題后，后面都是談的水對地形的變化，所以正確答案選D。

第3題:事實細節(jié)題。題干意思“作者怎么展現(xiàn)大峽谷的？”；A選項“滑坡影響”；B選項“作為地理之謎”；C選項“侵蝕的消極影響”；D選項“侵蝕的積極影響”。根據(jù)題干的watercanshapeearth定位到第二段最后一句ThisgeologicalmarvelwascreatedbythewatersoftheColoradoRiverthroughtheprocessesofweatheringanderosion.（這種地理奇跡是科羅拉多的水通過侵蝕和腐蝕而創(chuàng)作出來的。）由此可以看出科羅拉多大峽谷是地理奇跡而不是地理之謎，排除A；然后定位到最后一段第一句AlthoughweatheringanderosionareresponsibleforcreatingbeautifulsightssuchassandybeachesandtheGrandCanyon,therearemanynegativeconsequencesaswell.Landslidesaresomeofthemostdangeroussideeffectsoferosion.（雖然風(fēng)化和侵蝕造就了像沙灘和大峽谷這樣的美麗景觀，但也有很多負(fù)面的影響?；率乔治g所帶來的最危險的副作用之一。）從這句可以看出大峽谷是水的侵蝕作用的積極影響，而滑坡是負(fù)面影響，所以排除A、C，答案選D。

第4題:事實細節(jié)題。題干意思“最后一段，作者提到滑坡是為了證明：侵蝕（）”；A選項“總是有益的”；B選項“緩慢的過程”；C選項“有負(fù)面影響”；D選項“能幫助形成洞穴和峽谷”。根據(jù)題干，我們定位到最后一段，最后一段第一句話是主旨句AlthoughweatheringanderosionareresponsibleforcreatingbeautifulsightssuchassandybeachesandtheGrandCanyon,therearemanynegativeconsequencesaswell.Landslidesaresomeofthemostdangeroussideeffectsoferosion.（雖然風(fēng)化和侵蝕造就了像沙灘和大峽谷這樣的美麗景觀，但也有很多負(fù)面的影響?；率乔治g所帶來的最危險的副作用之一。）從although這個轉(zhuǎn)折詞可以看出來，整篇文章是要講侵蝕的不好的方面了，所以答案C正確。A，B，D選項雖然在前文中都說到了，但是根據(jù)題干Inthelastparagraph，答案只能選C。

4.單選題

Becauseoftheclose（

）ofarchitectsandbuilders,thebuildingwascompletedaheadofschedule.

問題1選項

A.simulation

B.composition

C.collaboration

D.inflation

【答案】C

【解析】simulation模擬；composition作曲,構(gòu)成；collaboration合作；inflation膨脹。句意:由于建筑師和施工人員的密切合作,這座建筑提前完工。選項C符合句意。

5.單選題

Atanearlyageshealreadyshowedatalent（）music.

問題1選項

A.on

B.for

C.in

D.to

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。talentfor“天才；有……的天賦”，其他選項都沒有這種搭配。句意：她在很小的時候就顯示出音樂天賦。因此B選項正確。

6.翻譯題

1.Newton

Newtonusedhisgreatskillinmathematicstoformabetterunderstandingoftheworldandtheuniverse.Heusedmethodshehadlearnedasaboyinmakingthings.Heexperimented.Thenhestudiedtheresultsandusedwhathehadlearnedtodesignnewexperiments.

Newton’sworkledhimtocreateanewtechniqueinmathematicsformeasuringareascurvedinshape.Healsousedittofindhowmuchmaterialwascontainedinsolidobjects.Thetechniquehecreatedbecameknownasintegralcalculus.

Oneday,sittinginthegarden,hewatchedanapplefallfromatree.HebegantowonderifthesameforcethatpulledtheappledownalsokeptthemooncirclingtheEarth.Newtonbelieveditwas.Andhebelieveditcouldbemeasured.

Hecalledtheforcegravity.Hebegantoexamineitcarefully.

Hedecidedthatthestrengthoftheforcekeepingaplanetinorbitaroundthesundependedontwothings.Onewastheamountofmassintheplanetandthesun.Theotherwashowfaraparttheywere.

Newtonwasabletofindtheexactrelationshipbetweendistanceandgravity.Hemultipliedthemassofonespacebodybythemassoftheothers.Thenhedividedthatnumberbythesquareoftheirdistanceapart.Theresultwasthestrengthofthegravityforcethattiedthemtoeachother.

2.Hubble’sLaw

Inthelate1920s,Hubblestudiedthemovementofgalaxiesthroughspace.Hisinvestigationledtothemostimportantastronomicaldiscoveryofthe20thcentury—theexpandinguniverse.

EarlierobservationsaboutthemovementofgalaxieshadbeendonebyV.M.Silpher.HediscoveredthatgalaxiesaremovingawayfromEarthatspeedsbetweenthree-hundredkilometersasecondandone-thousandeight-hundredkilometersasecond.

HubbleunderstoodtheimportanceofSilpher’sfindings.Hedevelopedaplanformeasuringboththedistanceandspeedofasmanygalaxiesaspossible.WithhisassistantatMountWilson,MiltonHumason,Hubblemeasuredthemovementofgalaxies.ThetwomendidthisbystudyingwhatHubblecalledthe“redshit”.ItalsoisknownastheDopplereffect.

TheDopplereffectexplainschangesinthelengthoflightwavesorsoundwavesastheymovetowardyouorawayfromyou.Lightwavesfromanobjectspeedingawayfromyouwillstretchintolongerwavelengths.Theyappearred.Lightwavesfromanobjectspeedingtowardyouwillhaveshorterwavelengths.Theyappearblue.

Observationsofforty-sixgalaxiesshowedHubblethatthegalaxiesweretravelingawayfromEarth.Theobservationsalsoshowedthatspeedwaslinkeddirectlytothegalaxies’distancefromEarth.Hubblediscoveredthatthefartherawayagalaxyis,thegreateritsspeed.ThisscientificruleiscalledHubble’sLaw.

3.Dream

Menandwomeninancienttimesoftenbelievedthatspiritsvisitedthemintheirdreams.Thespiritsbroughtmessagesofhopeordanger.AncientAssyrians(亞述人),Egyptians,Greeks,and,Romansallturnedtodreamsforsupernaturalanswerstotheirquestions.Theybelieveddreamscouldshowthefuture,warnofevil,bringhappiness.Priests(僧侶)andmedicinemenstudieddreamstolearnthecauseandcureofsicknesses.Theybuilttemplesandmadesacrificessotheirgodswouldspeaktothemthroughdreams.

TheancientGreeks,specially,sawdreamsashiddenmessagesfromthegods.However,oneGreekphilosopher,Aristotle,didnot.Hebelievedthegodswouldspeakonlytoafewspecialpeople,noteveryone.Andeveryonehaddreams.Almosttwo-thousand-four-hundredyearsago,anotherGreek—Hippocrates—wroteaboutdreams.Hippocratesisconsideredthefatherofmedicine.Hippocratesbelieveddreamscouldbeusedastoolsforlearningthenatureofaperson’ssickness.Forexample,supposeapersondreamedaboutafruittreethatwouldnotgrow.Suchadream,Hippocratessaidcouldmeanthatthepersonhadadiseaseofthereproductivesystem(再生系統(tǒng)).

Somehistoriansthinkthedreamsofancientpeoplesledtothedevelopmentofreligion.Thisincludesthebeliefinthesurvivalofthespiritafterdeath.

【答案】1.牛頓

牛頓運用他在數(shù)學(xué)方面的高超技巧，對世界和宇宙有了更好的認(rèn)識。他用小時候?qū)W到的方法做東西。他嘗試。然后，他研究結(jié)果，并利用他所學(xué)到的設(shè)計新的實驗。

牛頓的工作使他在數(shù)學(xué)中創(chuàng)造了一種測量曲面面積的新技術(shù)。他還用它來發(fā)現(xiàn)固體中含有多少物質(zhì)。他創(chuàng)造的這項技術(shù)后來被稱為積分學(xué)。

一天，他坐在花園里，看到一個蘋果從樹上掉下來。他開始想，把蘋果拉下來的力量，是否也讓月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。牛頓認(rèn)為是。他相信這是可以衡量的。

他稱這種力為重力。他開始認(rèn)真地調(diào)查。

他認(rèn)為保持行星繞太陽軌道運行的力量取決于兩個因素。一個是行星和太陽的質(zhì)量。另一個是它們之間的距離。

牛頓能夠找到距離和重力之間的精確關(guān)系。他用一個空間物體的質(zhì)量乘以其他物體的質(zhì)量。然后他把這個數(shù)字除以它們之間距離的平方。其結(jié)果是將它們相互綁在一起的重力的強度。

2.哈勃定律

在20世紀(jì)20年代末，哈勃研究了星系在太空中的運動。他的研究導(dǎo)致了20世紀(jì)最重要的天文發(fā)現(xiàn)——不斷膨脹的宇宙。

關(guān)于星系運動的早期觀察是由V.M.希爾弗做的。他發(fā)現(xiàn)星系正以每秒300公里到每秒1800公里的速度遠離地球。

哈勃明白希爾弗發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性。他制定了一個計劃來測量盡可能多的星系的距離和速度。哈勃和他在威爾遜山的助手米爾頓?哈馬森一起測量了星系的運動。這兩個人是通過研究哈勃所說的“紅色大便”來做到這一點的。這也被稱為多普勒效應(yīng)。

多普勒效應(yīng)解釋了光波或聲波在向你移動或遠離你時長度的變化。從加速遠離你的物體發(fā)出的光波會延伸到更長的波長。出現(xiàn)紅色。從一個物體向你飛來的光波的波長會更短。它們出現(xiàn)藍色。

哈勃對46個星系的觀察表明，這些星系正在遠離地球。觀測結(jié)果還表明，速度與星系離地球的距離直接相關(guān)。哈勃發(fā)現(xiàn)星系越遠，其速度就越快。這一科學(xué)規(guī)律被稱為哈勃定律。

3.夢想

古時候的男人和女人通常相信靈魂在他們的夢中拜訪他們。靈魂帶來了希望或危險的信息。古代亞述人、埃及人、希臘人和羅馬人都從夢中尋求超自然的答案。他們相信夢可以顯示未來，警告邪惡，帶來幸福。牧師和藥師研究夢來了解疾病的起因和治療方法。他們建造廟宇，獻祭，讓他們的神通過夢境與他們對話。

尤其是古希臘人，把夢看作是來自神的隱藏信息。然而，一位希臘哲學(xué)家亞里士多德卻不認(rèn)為。他相信神只會對少數(shù)特殊的人說話，而不是所有人。每個人都有夢想。大約2400年前，另一位希臘人希波克拉底寫過關(guān)于夢的文章。希波克拉底被認(rèn)為是醫(yī)學(xué)之父。希波克拉底認(rèn)為夢可以被用作了解一個人疾病本質(zhì)的工具。例如，假設(shè)一個人夢到一棵不長的果樹。希波克拉底說，這樣的夢可能意味著這個人患有生殖系統(tǒng)疾病。

一些歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為古代人民的夢想導(dǎo)致了宗教的發(fā)展。這包括對人死后靈魂依然存在的信仰。

7.單選題

IthasbeentenyearssinceI（

）youlast.

問題1選項

A.see

B.saw

C.didn'tsee

D.haven'tseen

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)last可知這里應(yīng)該為一般過去時，排除選項A和D；根據(jù)句意可知，選項B正確。句意：自從我上次見你到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有十年了。

8.單選題

ThePartyalwaysinculcatesthedutyofloyaltyontheyoungpeople.

問題1選項

A.precludesfrom

B.imbueswith

C.furnisheswith

D.resortsto

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.precludesfrom阻止，妨礙B.imbueswith灌輸強烈的情感或意見

C.furnisheswith供給，提供，給……裝飾D.resortsto依靠，求助于，訴諸

【答案】B

【考查點】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵信息TheParty（黨）和thedutyofloyalty（忠誠的義務(wù)）可推測，劃線單詞inculcate的意思是“灌輸，教導(dǎo)”。因此，B選項含義與劃線部分詞義最為接近，故本題正確答案為B選項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】黨總是諄諄教導(dǎo)青年人忠誠的義務(wù)。

9.單選題

Ofthethousandsofdifferentkindsofanimalsthatexistintheworldmanhaslearnedtomakefriendswithanenormousnumber.Somearepets,whichofferhimcompanion-ship;somegiveprotection,andsomedohardworkwhichmancannotdoforhimself.Dogs,whichservemaninallthreecapacities,arefoundinvariousbreedsinallcountriesoftheworld.TheHuskycanliveinthecoldpolarregions,andtheSalukiisathomeinthehottestpartsofCentralAfrica.Theinhabitantsofcertaincountriesaredependentfortheirverylivesonthecamel.IntheWestIndiesthelittledonkey,strongandsure-footed,carryingheavyloadseveninmountainousplaces,isafamiliarsight.

Trainedandtamedformanygenerations,domesticanimalsarenotaccustomedtoroa-minginsearchoffoodandshelter.Theylooktotheirmasterstoprovidefortheirneeds,andaslongasthesearesupplied,theyarecontenttodowhattheirmastersrequire.

Alldomesticanimalsneedproperfood.Itmustbesuitableforthem,sufficientinquantity，freshandclean.Somepeoplefeedapetdogorcatonoddsandendsoftablescraps,andthenwonderwhytheanimalseemslistlessanddull.Thequantityoffoodde-pendsonthesizeoftheanimalandtheamountofexerciseittakes.Overfeedingisasbadasunderfeeding.Containersforfoodandwatermustbewashedregularlyiftheanimalistomaintaingoodhealth.

Evenwellcaredanimalsmaysometimesfallill.Ifthishappens,thewisemasterseeksthebestadvicehecanget.Allsortsofmedicinesandtreatmentsareavailableforsickani-mals,andinsomecountriesorganizationsexisttoprovidethemfreeoratacheapprice.Useful,friendly，hardworkinganimalsdeservetohavesometime，moneyandat-tentionspentontheirhealth.

1.Whatmainideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthefirstparagraph?

2.Whenananimalisunderfed,itwillprobably（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofdogsaccordingtothepassage?

4.Tokeepadomesticanimalphysicallyfit,itsownerisadvised（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingwouldbebestTITLEforthispassage?

問題1選項

A.Thereexiststhousandsofspeciesofanimalsintheworld.

B.Mancametoestablishacloserelationshipwithanumberofanimals.

C.Insomeregionsadonkeyseemstobeaveryusefulbeast.

D.Ananimalwillbeuselessunlessdomesticated.

問題2選項

A.refusetoobeyitsmaster

B.immediatelyfallill

C.requireitsmastertooffersomefood

D.seekforfoodonitsown

問題3選項

A.Theycanactasfriends,guards,andservantstoman.

B.Theyhavegreatadaptationfortheenvironment.

C.Thereliveagreatvarietyofbreedsofdogsontheglobe.

D.TheHuskyandtheSalukiarethestrongestbreedeverknownintheworld.

問題4選項

A.nottohesitatetospendenormousamountofmoneyonit

B.topayattentiontoitsproperfeeding

C.nottoallowittotakeexcessiveamountsofexercise

D.tojoinsomesortofpet-keepingorganizations

問題5選項

A.DomesticatedAnimals—Man’sBestFriend

B.ProperDiet—theRoadtoHealth

C.TheAdvantagesofRaisingDomesticAnimals

D.SomeTipsonPet-keeping

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】6.文章開篇指出：Ofthethousandsofdifferentkindsofanimalsthatexistintheworldmanhaslearnedtomakefriendswithanenormousnumber（世界上現(xiàn)存的動物種類成千上萬，人類和其中很大一部分成為朋友）。據(jù)此可知，B項正確。

7.根據(jù)文中第二段：Theylooktotheirmasterstoprovidefortheirneeds,andaslongasthesearesupplied,theyarecontenttodowhattheirmastersrequire.（家養(yǎng)的動物指望主人給它們提供需要的東西，只要這些需要滿足了，他們就會聽從主人）。據(jù)此可以推測，A選項為正確答案。

8.根據(jù)D選項中的HuskyandtheSaluki定位至文中第一段：TheHuskycanliveinthecoldpolarregions,andtheSalukiisathomeinthehottestpartsofCentralAfrica.文中并未提及這兩種犬是世界上已知的最強壯品種。據(jù)此可知，D項是不正確的。

9.根據(jù)第三段：Alldomesticanimalsneedproperfood…Containersforfoodandwatermustbewashedregularlyiftheanimalistomaintaingoodhealth.（所有家養(yǎng)的動物都需要合適的食物……放置食物和水的容器必須定期清洗，這樣才能使動物們保持健康。）據(jù)此可知，B項為正確答案。

10.本文開篇就點明了文章的主題，即世界上現(xiàn)存的動物種類成千上萬，人類和其中很大一部分成為朋友。而且這里說的動物主要是指家養(yǎng)的動物，因此A項是本文的最佳標(biāo)題。

10.單選題

Theschoolshootingtriggeredabarrageoftransparentlyirrelevantproposedsolutions,tossedoutwithoutregardtotheirrelevancetotheeventsthatsupposedly______theproposals.

問題1選項

A.occasioned

B.concerned

C.illuminated

D.ensued

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。occasion“引起，惹起”；concern“涉及；使擔(dān)心”；illuminate“闡明；照亮”；ensue“追求”。句意：學(xué)校槍擊事件引發(fā)了一連串明顯不相干的解決方案，而這些方案與引發(fā)這些方案的事件毫無關(guān)聯(lián)。選項A符合題意。

11.單選題

Inspiteoftherain,the______spectatorswaitedpatientlyforthedelayedstartofthegame.

問題1選項

A.industrious

B.ingenious

C.chaotic

D.assiduous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項industrious“勤奮的，勤勞的”，B項ingenious“有獨創(chuàng)性的，機靈的，精制的”，C項chaotic“混沌的，混亂的”，D項assiduous“兢兢業(yè)業(yè)的，孜孜不倦的”。由spectators（觀眾）和thedelayedstartofthegame（被推遲的比賽開始）可知，當(dāng)時的現(xiàn)場應(yīng)該是“混亂的”，C項符合。句意：盡管下著雨，但是混亂的觀眾耐心地等待著被推遲的比賽開始。因此，該題選擇C項。

12.問答題

Thetextanddialoguebelow(A)focuson(B)culturaldifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternsocietieswhich(C)cancreatemisunderstandingifignoring(D).

【答案】試題答案：D;ignored

【解析】考查分詞用法。ignore與其邏輯主語culturaldifference之間是被動關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞形成。

13.單選題

Thereisaconspicuouslackofpublicdebateabouthowthisinsularcountryshould_______therealitythatmoreimmigrantsarecomingandthatthosealreadyherearechangingJapan.

問題1選項

A.abideby

B.accountfor

C.acton

D.adjustto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項abideby“遵守”；B選項accountfor“解釋；對……負(fù)責(zé)”；C選項acton“對……起作用；按照……行事”；D選項adjustto“調(diào)整以適應(yīng)”。句意：對于這個與世隔絕的國家來說，應(yīng)該如何_______移民越來越多涌入并且正在改變?nèi)毡具@一現(xiàn)實，明顯缺乏公開討論。根據(jù)語境，accountfor“解釋；對……負(fù)責(zé)”搭配reality“現(xiàn)實”比較合理，意思是解釋為什么越來越多移民進入日本并且改變?nèi)毡镜默F(xiàn)實。因此B選項正確。

14.單選題

Itisquitenaturalthatthenativepeopleusethewordorderandsentencepatternswithout（

）choice.

問題1選項

A.aware

B.careful

C.thebest

D.conscious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項aware“知道的，意識到的”；B選項careful“仔細的”；C選項thebest“最好的”；D選項conscious“意識到的，清醒的”句意：當(dāng)?shù)厝耸褂迷~序和句型是很自然的，沒有（）選擇。結(jié)合選項這里填的詞意應(yīng)該是“意識到的”，排除B、C選項；conscious通常比較正式，強調(diào)內(nèi)心的意識，而aware則是指通過信息，或者感覺器官意識到的，這里根據(jù)語境是內(nèi)心的意識，所以A選項排除，答案選D。

15.單選題

Ifanyofthesesymptoms（

）whileyouaretakingthemedicine,consultyourdoctorimmediately.

問題1選項

A.establish

B.represent

C.perform

D.occur

【答案】D

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。establish“建立;創(chuàng)立”；represent“代表；表現(xiàn)”；perform“表演；執(zhí)行：完成”；occur“發(fā)生”。句意：如果用藥期間出現(xiàn)上述癥狀，請立刻咨詢醫(yī)生。選項D符合題意。

16.單選題

Atfirst,shewasn’tused（

）andwouldfindexcuseforhermedicine.

問題1選項

A.tobecriticized

B.tocriticizing

C.tobeingcriticized

D.tocriticize

【答案】C

【解析】考查非謂語。句意：開始的時候她并不習(xí)慣（）會為了自己的藥找借口。這里批評是“她”被批評，所以要用被動語態(tài)，所以B、D排除；根據(jù)固定搭配beusedtodoingsth“習(xí)慣于做某事”，這里A選項排除；所以這里答案選C。

17.單選題

Tenyearsoflivingwithamyotrophiclateralsclerosis,orA.L.S,progressive,paralyzingdisease,havestillednearlyeverymuscle;Dr.JulesLodishtypeswithtwitchesofhischeek,detectedbyasensorclippedtothisglasses.Butwhenpeopleaskhimhowhefeelsabouthislife,Dr.Lodish,hiseyesexpressingtheintensitydeniedtohisbody,responds:“Istilllookforwardtoday.”

A.L.S.orLouGehrig’sdisease,isoftendescribedasakindoflivingdeathin,whichthebodygoesflaccidwhilemindremainsintactandacutelyaware.Theprospectofbeingtrappedinaninertbodyandbeingtotallydependentonothersdrivesmanysuffererstosuicide.

WhenAttorneyGeneralJohnAshcroftattackedanOregonlawallowingdoctor-assistedsuicidein2001—acasethatisstillworkingitswaysthroughthelegalsystem—patientswiththediseasewereamongthosewhosupportedthelawincourt.

Butwhilethelegalcaseandmuchofthenationalattentionhavefocusedontheissueoftherighttodie,lessisknownaboutthosepatientswhowanttolive,andlikeDr.Lodish,willgotoextraordinarylengthstodoso.

Withadequatemedicalcare,patientsoftencanliveforyearsrelativelyfreeofphysicalpainfromthediseaseitself.“It’smoreasortofexistential,psychicsortofpain,”saidDr.LeoMcCluskey,aneurologistinPhiladelphiawhotreatsmanypeoplewiththedisease.

Asaresult,patientsandtheirfamiliesareforced,onadailybasis,totakestockofthemeaningandqualityoftheirlivesandtomakerepeateddecisionsabouthowmuchistoomuch.

“WithA.L.S.,youhaveachoiceaboutwhentostoptreatment,lettingnaturetakeitscourse.”saidDr.LindaGanzini,aprofessorofpsychiatryatOregonHealthandScienceUniversityinPortland,whohasstudiedpatientsmakingend-of-lifedecisions.

Whatkeepsmanypatientsalive,expertssay,isasenseofhavingunfinishedbusiness—perhapsamilestone“l(fā)ikegettingthelastkidofftocollege”saidDr.MellarP.Davis,aprofessorhematologyandmedicaloncologyattheClevelandClinic.

Thosepatientswhodobestarethosewhohaveinsurancethatcoversnursingandmedicalcare,allowingthemtoavoidsomeofthemajorhealthrisksassociatedwiththedisease,andfamilymemberswhocancoverthehourswhenexperthelpisunavailable.

Manypatients,Dr.Ganzinisaid,havedeepreligiousbeliefsthathelpsustainthem,andtheyareable,“tofindhopeinthefuture,findmeaningandtoleratethedailyongoinglossesthattheyareexperiencing.”

Dr.Lodish’sbodysitslimpinawheelchairandhistonguelolls;amachinebreathesforhimthroughatracheostomytubeinhisthroat.Helosttheabilitytotalkmorethanthreeyearsago,hesays,thenjokes,“Butnottheabilitytobeannoying.”

TherearenohalfmeasuresforDr.Lodish,ahematologistwhodevisedhisownintricatelydetailedtreatmentregimen.Hewrotea30guideforhisnursesthatsetsstandardsforasterileenvironmentthatgobeyondhospitalpractices,rulesthathavehelpedhimavoidtheinfectionsthatkillmanypatients.Whenhecouldnolongereat,hedidtheresearchtocomeupwitharecipeforthenutrientblendthatflowsdownhisfeedingtube—evendeterminingthattheingredientswerekosher—andhetypedthetwoguidetoitspreparation,twitchbytwitch,withaspecialprogramonthelaptopthathelpshimtochoosewholewordsorphrasesfromscrollinglists.

Thiswiretotheworldkeepshimconnectedtohisfamilyandfriends,andallowshimtoremainanimportantpartoftheirlives.Hecontinuestoprovidemedicalconsultation,andnowadvisespatientswithA.L.S.andtheirfamiliesonhowtoorganizetheirowncareandusethecommunicationdeviceshehasmastered.

“OneironyiswithmanypeopleIcommunicatemorenowthanwhenIwaswell,”Dr.Lodishsaid.

Byholdingon,hesaid,hehasbeenabletoseemanyoflife’smilestones,includingthemarriagesoftwoofhisthreechildren.

Whenhisolderdaughter,ElizabethLester,becamepregnantwiththefirstgrandchild,sheaskedherfathertomaketheofficialfamilyannouncement.

“Hestillplaysthesameroleforme”shesaid,“Istillconsulthimonfinancialmattersandotherkindsofthings.”

Dr.Lodishsaidthathisowndeterminationtolivecomes,inpart,fromhislongexperienceintreatingcancerpatients,whooftenfeelthatadiagnosisisadeathsentence.

1.A.L.S.isadiseasethat（）.

2.JulesLodish（）.

3.AllthefollowingarepossiblereasonswhythepatientswithA.L.S.canliveabetterlifeEXCEPT

（）.

4.Dr.LodishmanagestolivewithA.L.S.mainlybecausehe（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingtasksisNOTundertakenbyDr.JulesLodish?

問題1選項

A.causespeopletoparalyzeinstantly

B.makeseverymusclestopmovinggradually

C.ishighlycontagiousintheUnitedStates

D.isgeneticallydeterminedandcannotbecured

問題2選項

A.wantstocommitsuicide

B.supportsanOregonlaw

C.determinedtolivelonger

D.isbecomingunconscious

問題3選項

A.theyhaveinsurancethatcoversnursingandmedicalcare

B.theyhaveasenseofhavingunfinishedbusiness

C.theyhavestrongreligiousbeliefsthathelpsustainthem

D.theyhavegotastrongmentalsupportfrompeoplearound

問題4選項

A.ishavingexperthelp

B.knowshowtoc