考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京工商大學(xué)嘉華學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京工商大學(xué)嘉華學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

41.Howcanhistorymakemenwise?Historyoftenrepeatsitselfasfarce—preciselywhatmaysoonplayoutinWashington.ASWorldWarIIwasdrawingtoaclose.Expertsfromtheworld’sleadingcountriesgatheredatBrettonWoods,NewHampshire,tocreateaglobaleconomicorder.TheyestablishedtheWorldBankandtheInternationalMonetaryFundandcalledforanewbodytosuperviseglobalcommercethateventuallybecomeknownastheInternationalTradeOrganization.WhenitbecametimefortheUnitedStatesCongresstoapprovetheITO,PresidentHarryTruman,preoccupiedwithaplanfortheUnitedStateshealth-carereform,failedtolobbyvigorouslyfortheITO.Protectioniststorpedoedtheproposal,andtheGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade,orGATT,theloosetradeorganizationthathasgovernedworldcommercesincethen,wascobbledtogetherasaninterimreplacement.NowitisfortheClintonAdministrationtoapprovetheWTO.Shouldhistoryrepeatitselfthatcouldallcometonaught.Thesupremepurposeofhistoryisabetterworld.

【答案】歷史怎么能使人明智呢？歷史常常以鬧劇的形式重演——而華盛頓可能很快就會(huì)上演這樣的一幕。當(dāng)?shù)诙问澜绱髴?zhàn)接近尾聲時(shí)。來(lái)自世界主要國(guó)家的專家齊聚新罕布什爾州的布雷頓森林，以建立一個(gè)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序。他們建立了世界銀行和國(guó)際貨幣基金組織，并呼吁成立一個(gè)新的機(jī)構(gòu)來(lái)監(jiān)督全球貿(mào)易，這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)最終被稱為國(guó)際貿(mào)易組織。當(dāng)美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)批準(zhǔn)國(guó)際貿(mào)易組織的時(shí)候，哈里?杜魯門總統(tǒng)全神貫注于美國(guó)的醫(yī)療改革計(jì)劃，未能積極游說(shuō)國(guó)際貿(mào)易組織。貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義者破壞了這一提議，關(guān)稅及貿(mào)易總協(xié)定（簡(jiǎn)稱GATT）——自那以后管理世界貿(mào)易的松散貿(mào)易組織——被拼湊起來(lái)作為臨時(shí)替代品?，F(xiàn)在是克林頓政府批準(zhǔn)世界貿(mào)易組織（簡(jiǎn)稱WTO）的時(shí)候了。如果歷史重演，一切都將化為烏有。歷史的最大的使命是使世界更加美好。

2.單選題

Thisthirdpatterncanbeusedbymoderatelyautonomousdepartmentsinanenterprisethatwantstoshareitsserviceswithotherdepartments.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.independent

B.cooperative

C.productive

D.supportive

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.independent獨(dú)立的，自主的，自治的B.cooperative合作的，協(xié)作的

C.productive有效益的，富有成效的D.supportive給予幫助的，支持的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】autonomous的意思為“自治的，有自治權(quán)的”，這里指的是企業(yè)中適度自治的部門，independent與之詞義相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】第三種模式可以使用于企業(yè)中適度自治并且希望與其他部門共享服務(wù)的部門。

3.單選題

Thetwosurfaces（

）toeachotherandwecouldn’tgetthemapart.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stuck

B.clung

C.cohered

D.adhered

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。stick“粘住，貼有粘著劑而變得固定”，stickto堅(jiān)持；cling“緊抓”；cohere“凝結(jié)，粘著”；adhereto“粘附，指被吸力或膠水粘住”。句意：這兩個(gè)面粘在一起了，我們不能把它們分離。故D項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Packagesaresowidespreadthattheyslip________consciousnotice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.below

B.before

C.beneath

D.beyond

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.below在……下面B.before在……之前

C.beneath低于，次于D.beyond超過(guò)，超越

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】本句的主干部分是“包裝很普遍（Packagesarewidespread）”，sothat引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，表示包裝如此普遍導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果是什么。既然是很普遍、常見(jiàn)的包裝，那么人們就不會(huì)注意到它。beneathnotice是固定搭配，意為“不值得注意，無(wú)足輕重”，因此C選項(xiàng)beneath“低于，次于”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)below“在……下面”指低于某事物的水平或地位，B選項(xiàng)before“在……之前”指處于某事物前面的位置，D選項(xiàng)beyond“超過(guò)，超越”指對(duì)某事物來(lái)說(shuō)太遠(yuǎn)或太超前，均不能構(gòu)成相應(yīng)的固定搭配。

【句意】包裝是如此普遍，以至于它們不會(huì)被人們所注意。

5.單選題

Basedonthe（

）thateverybusinessisnowfreetoformulateitsownstrategyinlightofthechangingmarket,IwouldpredictamarketimprovementintheefficiencyofChinaseconomy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.guidance

B.instruction

C.premise

D.eminence

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。guidance“指導(dǎo)”；instruction“指令，指示”；premise“前提”；eminence“卓越，著名”。句意：基于任何企業(yè)都可以根據(jù)市場(chǎng)變化自由確定發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略這一點(diǎn)，我估計(jì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)市場(chǎng)的效率會(huì)提高。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

6.單選題

Beforemovingtoanothercity,Amy（

）ofthehouseandthefurniture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposed

B.discarded

C.discharged

D.distributed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。disposeof意為“處理，解決”；discardof意為“丟棄”；dischargeof意為“執(zhí)行（職責(zé)）”；distribute意為“分發(fā)，分配”。

句意：在搬到另一個(gè)城市之前，艾米處理掉了房子和家具。

7.單選題

Universitiesareinstitutionsthatteachawidevarietyofsubjectsatadvancedlevels.Theyalsocarryoutresearchworkaimed（1）extendingman’sknowledgeofthesesubjects.Theemphasisgiventoeachofthesefunctions（2）fromuniversitytouniversity,accordingtotheviewsofthepeoplein（3）andaccordingtotheresourcesavailable.

Smallerandneweruniversitiesdonot（4）thestafforequipmenttocarryoutthe（5）researchprojectspossibleinlargerinstitutions.（6）mostexpertsagreethatsomeresearchactivityis（7）tokeepthestaffandtheirstudentsin（8）withthelatestdevelopmentsintheirsubjects.

Moststudentsattendauniversitymainlyto（9）theknowledgeneededfortheirchosen（10）.Educationistsbelievethatthisaimshouldnotbethe（11）one.Universitieshavealwaysaimedtoproducemenandwomen（12）judgmentandwisdomaswellasknowledge.Forthisreason,they（13）studentstomeetotherswithdiffering（14）andtoreadwidelyto（15）theirunderstandinginmanyfieldsofstudy.（16）asecondaryschoolcourse,astudentshouldbeinterestedenoughinasubjecttoenjoygainingknowledgeforitsown（17）.Heshouldbepreparedto（18）sacrificestostudyhischosen（19）indepth.Heshouldhaveanambitiontomakesome（20）contributiontoman’sknowledge.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.at

B.by

C.to

D.in

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.turns

B.ranges

C.moves

D.varies

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.prospect

B.place

C.control

D.favor

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.occupy

B.possess

C.involve

D.spare

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.maximum

B.medium

C.virtual

D.vast

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.But

B.As

C.While

D.For

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.natural

B.essential

C.functional

D.optional

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.coordination

B.accordance

C.touch

D.grasp

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.acquire

B.accept

C.endure

D.ensure

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.procession

B.profession

C.possession

D.preference

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.typical

B.true

C.mere

D.only

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.under

C.on

D.through

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.prompt

B.provoke

C.encourage

D.anticipate

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.histories

B.expressions

C.interests

D.curiosities

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.broaden

B.length

C.enforce

D.specify

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.Amid

B.After

C.Over

D.Upon

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.object

B.course

C.effect

D.sake

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.take

B.make

C.suffer

D.pay

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.field

B.scope

C.target

D.goal

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.radical

B.truthful

C.meaningful

D.initial

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:C

第14題:C

第15題:B

第16題:D

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:A

第20題:B

【解析】1.考查介詞辨析。aimtodo“想要做某事，立志要做”；aimatdoing“指望、旨在、針對(duì)”，句意：他們還開展研究工作，旨在擴(kuò)大人類對(duì)這些學(xué)科的知識(shí)。且后面動(dòng)詞是doing形式，因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)上下文，意思是各個(gè)大學(xué)對(duì)于科研的重視程度在學(xué)校和學(xué)校之間是不同的。此處vary譯為“不同”，可以構(gòu)成varyfrom…to…意為“因……而異”。因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.介詞搭配題。在本句中，根據(jù)and這一并列連詞可以看出，其后的內(nèi)容為根據(jù)學(xué)?，F(xiàn)有資源的不同而決定了科研的不同，那么and前的并列部分，也是在講學(xué)校自身的原因，因此可以得出people一詞后面的介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，故而想到incontrol“主管，控制”，此處peopleincontrol意為“學(xué)校的主管人員”也就是管理者們。選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)occupy“占據(jù)、占領(lǐng)”；B選項(xiàng)possess“擁有、具備”；C選項(xiàng)involve“包含、涉及”；D選項(xiàng)spare“多余的，備用的”，句意：一些小規(guī)模學(xué)校或是新建學(xué)校不擁有可以開展大型研究的工作人員和設(shè)備。B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)maximum“最大值”；B選項(xiàng)medium“中等的”；C選項(xiàng)virtual“虛擬的”；D選項(xiàng)vast“巨大的”，句意為：較小和較新的大學(xué)沒(méi)有人員或設(shè)備來(lái)進(jìn)行大型研究機(jī)構(gòu)可能進(jìn)行的大規(guī)模研究項(xiàng)目。大型研究機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的研究項(xiàng)目，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)上句“較小和較新的大學(xué)沒(méi)有人員或設(shè)備來(lái)進(jìn)行大型研究機(jī)構(gòu)可能進(jìn)行的大規(guī)模研究項(xiàng)目”以及下句“大多數(shù)專家認(rèn)為一些研究活動(dòng)是必要的，以保持教職員工和他們的學(xué)生在他們的學(xué)科的最新發(fā)展”，由此說(shuō)明雖沒(méi)有人員和設(shè)備，但是一些研究活動(dòng)還是必要的，是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

7.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)natural“自然的”；B選項(xiàng)essential“必不可少的”；C選項(xiàng)functional“功能的”；D選項(xiàng)optional“可選擇的”，beessentialto為固定搭配，意為“對(duì)……至關(guān)重要，必不可少”。根據(jù)句意：專家們認(rèn)為，為了使學(xué)生和教師能夠及時(shí)了解學(xué)科發(fā)展的最新信息，搞科研是很有必要的。選項(xiàng)B正確。

8.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句意，搞科研的目的是讓教師和學(xué)生能夠及時(shí)了解前沿信息，信息詞keep，in，with和touch構(gòu)成固定搭配keepintouchwith，意為“與……保持聯(lián)系”。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

9.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)acquire“獲得”；B選項(xiàng)accept“接受”；C選項(xiàng)endure“忍受、忍耐”；D選項(xiàng)ensure“確?！?，根據(jù)上下文，學(xué)生上大學(xué)的目的主要是為了獲取知識(shí)，acquire“獲得（技能，知識(shí)等）”與knowledge搭配符合句意。選項(xiàng)A正確。

10.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)procession“游行、隊(duì)伍”；B選項(xiàng)profession“職業(yè)、專業(yè)”；C選項(xiàng)possession“占有、所有”；D選項(xiàng)preference“偏好、偏愛(ài)”，句意為：大多數(shù)學(xué)生上大學(xué)主要是為了獲得他們所選擇的專業(yè)所需的知識(shí)。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)上句“大多數(shù)學(xué)生上大學(xué)主要是為了獲得他們所選擇的專業(yè)所需的知識(shí)”，推測(cè)出下句“教育家認(rèn)為，這一目標(biāo)不應(yīng)該是唯一的目標(biāo)”，教育家認(rèn)為獲得專業(yè)知識(shí)并不只是唯一的目標(biāo)，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.考查介詞辨析。句意為：大學(xué)的目標(biāo)一直是培養(yǎng)具有判斷力、智慧和知識(shí)的男性和女性。with+名詞構(gòu)成后置定語(yǔ)修飾menandwomen。因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

13.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prompt“提示、促進(jìn)”；B選項(xiàng)provoke“引起、挑起”；C選項(xiàng)encourage“鼓勵(lì)、鼓舞”；D選項(xiàng)anticipate“預(yù)料、預(yù)計(jì)”，根據(jù)上文，學(xué)校的教育目標(biāo)是多元的，因此學(xué)校鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生去廣泛結(jié)交興趣多樣的人才。encourage意為“鼓勵(lì)、鼓舞”，其固定用法為encouragesbtodosth。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

14.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)histories“歷史、歷史記錄”；B選項(xiàng)expressions“表達(dá)”；C選項(xiàng)interests“興趣、愛(ài)好”；D選項(xiàng)curiosities“好奇”，根據(jù)上文的提示，大學(xué)的目標(biāo)一直是培養(yǎng)具有判斷力、智慧和知識(shí)的男性和女性。此處指與興趣廣泛的人結(jié)交，interest“興趣、愛(ài)好”符合題意。因此選C。

15.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)broaden“擴(kuò)大、加寬”；B選項(xiàng)length“長(zhǎng)度”；C選項(xiàng)enforce“實(shí)施、執(zhí)行”；D選項(xiàng)specify“指定、詳細(xì)說(shuō)明”，根據(jù)句意：廣泛閱讀來(lái)增加他們?cè)谠S多領(lǐng)域的理解研究，broaden“擴(kuò)大”符合題意，因此選B。

16.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)amid“在……過(guò)程中”；B選項(xiàng)after“在……之后”；C選項(xiàng)over“以上、大于”；D選項(xiàng)upon“在……之上、即將來(lái)臨”，句意：在即將來(lái)臨的中學(xué)課程中，學(xué)生應(yīng)該對(duì)某一學(xué)科有足夠的興趣，從而享受獲取知識(shí)的樂(lè)趣。D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.考查固定搭配。forone’sownsake也可以說(shuō)成forthesakeofsb，意為“為了……的好處，出于對(duì)……的興趣”，因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

18.考查固定搭配。makesacrificetodo意為“為……做出犧牲”，此處指學(xué)生為了自己的興趣愛(ài)好做出犧牲。因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

19.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)field“領(lǐng)域、牧場(chǎng)”；B選項(xiàng)scope“范圍”；C選項(xiàng)target“目標(biāo)、指標(biāo)”；D選項(xiàng)goal“目的”，根據(jù)句意：他應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備盡一切努力深入研究他所選擇的領(lǐng)域。field“領(lǐng)域”符合題意，因此選A。

20.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)radical“激進(jìn)的、根本的”；B選項(xiàng)truthful“真實(shí)的”；C選項(xiàng)meaningful“有意義的”；D選項(xiàng)initial“最初的”，句意為：他應(yīng)該要有為人類的知識(shí)做出一些實(shí)事的決心。學(xué)術(shù)界的貢獻(xiàn)得是真實(shí)的，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

Scientistsshouldhavechoiceastowhatareastheyexplore,andcertainlyhavetheethicalrightandobligationsas（

）toinfluencewhatuseismadeoftheirdiscoveries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anthropologists

B.philanthropists

C.archaeologists

D.humanists

【答案】D

【解析】anthropologist人類學(xué)家；philanthropist慈善家；archaeologist考古學(xué)家；humanist人道主義者。句意：科學(xué)家應(yīng)該選擇他們所探索的領(lǐng)域，他們當(dāng)然也有像人道主義者一樣的道德權(quán)利和義務(wù)來(lái)影響他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)的用途。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

9.單選題

TheSydneyOlympicsofferedmeanopportunitytolearnmoreaboutstagingamajormulti-sporteventandthisknowledge,Ifelt,wouldstandmeingoodsteadasIdevelopedthemediaservicesthatwouldbeneededforourSaltLakeCityWinterGamesin2002.

Ialsodecidedthatworkingasavolunteerwouldgivemeagreaterunderstandingofawholerangeofissues,whichiswhyIjoinedtheranksofthoseworkinginthefrontline.

ButlittledidIsuspectjusthowmuch,theexperiencewouldoffermesuchpowerfulfeelingandastrongsenseofpride-emotionswhichinfluencethemanymemoriesthatItookawaywithmewhenIleftSydney.

Asawomanvolunteer,Iamnotusuallykeenonuniforms,butfromthemomentIputonmySydneyvolunteer’suniformIfeltIwaspartofsomethingimportantsomethingbigthatcouldwellbeaonce-in-a-lifetimeexperience.Iimmediatelybondedwithothersinthesameuniformandaswepassedeachotherinthestreetdressedinourcolorfuloutfits,wesmiledandsaid“G’day”toeachotherandthosegreetingscontinuedthroughoutthetwoweeksoftheOlympics.

MyjobwasasasupervisorintheMainPressCenterwhereImanaged800journalists*desks,thetelephones,thebanksoftelevisionandothervolunteers,manyofwhomweremediastudents.OurshiftswereeighthourslongandoftenovernightastheCenterwasopen24hours,butwegenerallystayedlongeroutofchoiceastheworkwasimportantandexciting.Withoutusthejournalistswouldnotgettheirarticlesbacktotheirhomenewsdesksandthestoriesoftheemotionalhighsandlowsofthecompetitorswouldneverreachtheoutsideworld.

Asvolunteers,weallfeltourworkwasavaluablecontributiontothesuccessoftheOlympicsandwereveledinthecomplimentswereceived.Weworkedhardandwehadfun.Wemadenewcontactsandfriendsfromallovertheworldandwelearnednewskillswhichwewillneverlose.

WhentheOlympicsfinished,allthevolunteers—47,000ofus一wereinvitedtotakepartinaparadethroughthestreetsofSydney.Manyofusdidthis,andthousandsandthousandsofpeoplecameouttocheerourefforts.Beingpartofthatexperiencebroughttearstomanyeyes.

TheOlympicswasmarvelous,andtheworkIwenttodoisrelevantandvaluabletothejobIdonow.ButtheexperienceofbeinginvolvedinsuchamassiveeventandtherecognitionweweregivenforoureffortsiswhatIwillrememberforever.

1.TheauthorworkedasintheMainPressCenteroftheSydneyOlympics(

).

2.Accordingtotheauthor,herprideinbeingavolunteerintheOlympicsincreasedallthe(

)

morewhenshewas.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theshiftsforthevolunteersintheMainPressCenterwereoften(

)

hourslong.

4.Theauthorfeltthattheworkofthevolunteerswas(

).

5.WhattheauthorwillrememberforeverabouttheOlympicvolunteerjobis(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.amanager

B.ajournalist

C.aneditor

D.asupervisor

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.wearingthecolorfulvolunteeruniformandgreetingtheothersinthestreet

B.learningmoreaboutstagingamajormulti-sportevent

C.understandingbetterawholerangeofissuesrelatedtotheGames

D.joiningtheranksofthoseworkinginthefrontline

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.8

B.morethan8

C.lessthan8

D.nearly24

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.unimportanttothesuccessoftheOlympics

B.unnecessarytothesuccessoftheOlympics

C.irrelevanttothesuccessoftheOlympics

D.invaluabletothesuccessoftheOlympics

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thecolorfuloutfitstheywerewearinginthebigevent

B.theadviceandservicetheygavetotheathletes

C.therecognitiontheyweregivenfortheirefforts

D.workingovertime

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題是問(wèn)作者在悉尼奧運(yùn)會(huì)總新聞中心的工作是什么。根據(jù)本文第五段第一句“MyjobwasasasupervisorintheMainPressCenterwhereImanaged800journalists'desks,thetelephones,thebanksoftelevisionandothervolunteers,manyofwhomweremediastudents.我的工作是在主要的新聞中心擔(dān)任主管，在那里我管理著800名記者的辦公桌、電話、電視銀行和其他志愿者，其中許多是媒體專業(yè)的學(xué)生?！笨芍苯拥贸龃鸢福髡叩墓ぷ魇亲鳛橐幻O(jiān)督員為奧運(yùn)會(huì)服務(wù)的，D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題是問(wèn)作者什么時(shí)候作為奧運(yùn)會(huì)志愿者的自豪感更加強(qiáng)烈。根據(jù)本文第四段第一句話中的"butfromthemomentIputonmySydneyvolunteer'suniformIfeltIwaspartofsomethingimportantsomethingbigthatcouldwellbeaonce-in-a-lifetimeexperience.但從我穿上悉尼志愿者制服的那一刻起，我就覺(jué)得自己是一件大事的一部分，一件可能是一生一次的大事?！笨芍狝選項(xiàng)‘穿著五顏六色的志愿者制服，和街上的其他人打招呼’符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。本題是問(wèn)在總新聞中心工作的志愿者的輪班時(shí)間是多長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)本文第五段第二句話“OurshiftswereeighthourslongandoftenovernightastheCenterwasopen24hours,butwegenerallystayedlongeroutofchoiceastheworkwasimportantandexciting.我們的輪班時(shí)間為8小時(shí)，而且通常是在中心24小時(shí)開放的情況下連夜工作，但由于工作重要且令人興奮，我們通常會(huì)多待一些時(shí)間?！笨芍驹刚邆冚啺嗟臅r(shí)間實(shí)際上通常會(huì)超過(guò)八個(gè)小時(shí)，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。本題是問(wèn)作者對(duì)于志愿者工作的感受。從本文的內(nèi)容可知，作者一直在強(qiáng)調(diào)志愿者工作對(duì)奧運(yùn)會(huì)的巨大作用，而A、B和C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的“unimportant”、’’unnecessary”以及“irrelevant”都否定了志愿者的工作的重要性；只有D選項(xiàng)的“invaluable”表示“非常珍貴的，極有用的”肯定了志愿者的作用，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題是問(wèn)作者會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)記住奧運(yùn)會(huì)志愿者工作的哪些方面。由本文最后一句話“...andtherecognitionweweregivenforoureffortsiswhatIwillrememberforever.對(duì)我們努力的認(rèn)可是我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記的?！贝_定C選項(xiàng)‘他們的努力得到了認(rèn)可’正確。

10.單選題

Thebankmanageraskedhisassistantifitwaspossibleforhimto（）theinvestmentplanwithinaweek.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.workout

B.putout

C.makeout

D.setout

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析題。workout

解決,

算出，制定出；putout熄滅；makeout理解,

辨認(rèn)出；setout出發(fā),

開始。句意：銀行經(jīng)理問(wèn)他的助理能否在一周內(nèi)制定出投資計(jì)劃。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

11.翻譯題

I.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseonyourANSWERSHEET.(10%)

Astheeconomicdownturnforcescorporationsandsmallbusinessestoshedjobs,onelargeemployerstillhasthe“helpwanted”signout:theU.S.government.Expertssaythefederalgovernment’scivilianworkforceof2.8millionislikelytoexpandsignificantlyoverthenextseveralyearsasitgearsuptostimulatetheeconomy,rescuetroubledbanks,overhaulhealthcareandpursueotherelementsofPresidentBarackObama’sagenda.Withtheeconomyinturmoil,thestabilityofagovernmentcareernowholdsgreaterappeal.Anditdoesn’thurtthatthenewboss,PresidentBarackObama,hasencouragedcitizenstoconsiderpublicservice—amarkedcontrasttopredecessorGeorgeW.Bush,whodisparagedgovernment.

【答案】在經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷迫使大小企業(yè)紛紛裁員之際，有一個(gè)“大雇主”仍在招聘人員，那就是美國(guó)政府。專家稱，隨著美國(guó)刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)、救援銀行、改革醫(yī)療體系和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)提出的其他政策措施的推進(jìn)，未來(lái)幾年美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府公務(wù)員隊(duì)伍可能將在現(xiàn)有280萬(wàn)人的基礎(chǔ)上大幅擴(kuò)充。在目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)蕩時(shí)期，穩(wěn)定的政府職位更具吸引力。此外，新上任的總統(tǒng)巴拉克?奧巴馬鼓勵(lì)公民投身公共服務(wù)，這與前總統(tǒng)喬治?沃克?布什蔑視政府的做法形成了鮮明對(duì)比。

12.單選題

1.（

）

Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresourcesitowns,anddoessobadly.Often,however,governmentsactinanevenmoreharmfulway.Theyactuallysubsidizetheexploitationandconsumptionofnaturalresources.Awholerangeofpolicies,fromfarmpricesupporttoprotectionforcoal-mining,doenvironmentaldamageand(often)makenoeconomicsense.Scrappingthemoffersatwo-foldbonus:acleanerenvironmentandamoreefficienteconomy.Growthandenvironmentalismcanactuallygohandinhand,ifpoliticianshavethecouragetocontrolthevestedinterestthatsubsidiescreate.

2.（

）

Noactivityaffectsmoreoftheearth’ssurfacethanfarming.Itshapesathirdoftheplanet’slandarea,notcountingAntarctica,andtheproportionisrising.Worldfoodoutputperheadhasrisenby4percentbetweenthe1970sand1980smainlyasaresultofincreasesinyieldsfromlandalreadyincultivation,butalsobecausemorelandhasbeenbroughtundertheplough.Higheryieldshavebeenachievedbyincreasedirrigation,bettercropbreeding,andadoublingintheuseofpesticidesandchemicalfertilizersinthe1970sand1980s.

3.（

）

Alltheseactivitiesmayhavedamagingenvironmentimpacts.Forexample,landclearingforagricultureisthelargestsinglecauseofdeforestation;chemicalfertilizersandpesticidesmaycontaminatewatersupplies;moreintensivefarmingandtheabandonmentoffallowperiodstendtoexacerbatesoilerosion;andthespreadofmonocultureanduseofhigh-yieldingvarietiesofcropshavebeenaccompaniedbythedisappearanceofoldvarietiesoffoodplantswhichmighthaveprovidedsomeinsuranceagainstpestsofdiseasesinfuture.Soilerosionthreatenstheproductivityoflandinbothrichandpoorcountries.TheUnitedState,wherethemostcarefulmeasurementshavebeendone,discoveredin1982thataboutone-fifthofitsfarmlandwaslosingtopsoilataratelikelytodiminishthesoil’sproductivity.Thecountrysubsequentlyembarkeduponaprogramtoconvert11percentofitscroppedlandtomeadoworforest.TopsoilinIndiaandChinaisvanishingmuchfasterthanAmerica.

4.（

）

Governmentpolicieshavefrequentlycompoundedtheenvironmentaldamagethatfarmingcancause.Intherichcountries,subsidiesforgrowingcropsandpricesupportsforfarmoutputdriveupthepriceofland.Theannualvalueofthesesubsidiesisimmense;about$250billion,ormorethanallWorldBanklendinginthe1980s.Toincreasetheoutputofcropsperacre,afarmer’seasiestoptionistousemoreofthemostreadilyavailableinputs:fertilizersandpesticides.FertilizerusedoubledinDenmarkintheperiod1960-1985andincreasedinTheNetherlandsby150percent.Thequantityofpesticidesappliedhasrisentoo:by69percentin1975-1984inDenmark,forexample,withariseof115percentinthefrequencyofapplicationinthethreeyearsfrom1981.

Inthelate1980sandearly1990ssomeeffortsweremadetoreducefarmsubsidies.ThemostdramaticexamplewasthatofNewZealand,whichscrappedmostfarmsupportin1984.Astudyoftheenvironmentaleffects,conductedin1993,foundthattheendoffertilizersubsidieshadbeenfollowedbyafallinfertilizeruse(afallcompoundedbythedeclineinworldcommodityprices,whichcutfarmincomes).Theremovalofsubsidiesalsostoppedland-cleaningandover-stocking,whichinthepasthadbeentheprincipalcausesoferosion.Farmsbegantodiversify.Theonekindofsubsidywhoseremovalappearedtohavebeenbadfortheenvironmentwassubsidytomanagesoilerosion.

Inlessenlightenedcountries,andintheEuropeanUnion,thetrendhasbeentoreduceratherthaneliminatesubsidies,andtointroducenewpaymentstoencouragefarmerstotreattheirlandinenvironmentallyfriendlierways,ortoleaveitfallow.Itmaysoundstrangebutsuchpaymentsneedtobehigherthantheexistingincentivesforfarmerstogrowfoodcrops.Farmers,however,dislikebeingpaidtodonothing.Inseveralcountries,theyhavebecomeinterestedinthepossibilityofusingfuelproducedfromcropresidueseitherasareplacementforpetrol(asethanol)orasfuelforpowerstations(asbiomass).Suchfuelsproducefarlesscarbondioxidethancoaloroil,andabsorbcarbondioxideastheygrow.Theyarethereforelesslikelytocontributetothegreenhouseeffect.Buttheyarerarelycompetitivewithfossilfuelsunlesssubsidizedandgrowingthemdoesnolessenvironmentalharmthanothercrops.

5.（

）

Inpoorcountries,governmentsaggravateothersortsofdamage.Subsidiesforpesticidesandartificialfertilizersencouragefarmerstousegreaterquantitiesthanareneededtogetthehighesteconomiccropyield.AstudybytheinternationalRiceResearchinstituteofpesticideusebyfarmersinSouthEastAsiafoundthat,withpest-resistantvarietiesofrice,evenmoderateapplicationsofpesticidefrequentlycostfarmersmorethantheysaved.Suchwasteputsfarmersonachemicaltreadmill:bugsandweedsbecomeresistanttopoisons,sonextyear’spoisonsmustbemorelethal.Onecostistohumanhealth.Everyyearsome10,000peoplediefrompesticidepoisoning,almostalloftheminthedevelopingcountries,andanother400,000becomeseriouslyill.Asforartificialfertilizers,theiruseworld-wideincreasedby40percentperunitoffarmedlandbetweenthemid1970sandlate1980s,mostlyinthedevelopingcountries.Overuseoffertilizersmaycausefarmerstostoprotatingcropsorleavingtheirlandfallow.That,inturn,maymakesoilerosionworse.

6.（

）

AresultoftheUruguayRoundofworldtradenegotiationsislikelytobeareductionof36percentintheaveragelevelsoffarmsubsidiespaidbytherichcountriesin1986-1990.Someoftheworld’sfoodproductionwillmovefromWesternEuropetoregionswheresubsidiesarelowerofnon-existent,suchastheformercommunistcountriesandpartsofthedevelopingworld.Someenvironmentalistsworryaboutthisoutcome.Itwillundoubtedlymeanmorepressuretoconvertnaturalhabitatintofarmland.Butitwillalsohavemanydesirableenvironmenteffects.Theintensityoffarmingintherichworldshoulddecline,andtheuseofchemicalinputswilldiminish.Cropsaremorelikelytobegrownintheenvironmentstowhichtheyarenaturallysuited.Andmoreframersinpoorcountrieswillhavethemoneyandincentivetomanagetheirlandinwaysthataresustainableinthelongrun.Thatisimportant.Tofeedanincreasinglyhungryworld,farmersneedeveryincentivetousetheirsoilandwatereffectivelyandefficiently.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

/