考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thereisageneral______thatpouringoldwineintothesamebottlesisthewrongwaytogo.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.consensus

B.census

C.censorship

D.conscience

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)consensus“一致；輿論；合意”；B選項(xiàng)census“人口普查，人口調(diào)查；（官方的）統(tǒng)計(jì)，調(diào)查”；C選項(xiàng)censorship“審查制度；審查機(jī)構(gòu)”；D選項(xiàng)conscience“道德心，良心”。句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為，把陳年的酒倒進(jìn)同一個(gè)瓶子里是錯(cuò)誤的做法。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Peoplewhoquestionorevenlookdownonthestudyofthepastanditsworksusuallyassumethatthepastisentirelydifferentfromthepresent,andthathencewecanlearnnothingworthwhilefromthepast.Butitisnottruethatthepastisentirelydifferentfromthepresent.Wecanlearnmuchofvaluefromitssimilarityanditsdifference.

Atremendouschangeintheconditionsofhumanlifeandinourknowledgeandcontrolofthenaturalworldhastakenplacesinceancienttimes.Theancientscouldnot,however,seeinadvanceourcontemporarytechnicalandsocialenvironment,andhencehavenoadvicetoofferusabouttheparticularproblemsfacingus.But,althoughsocialandeconomicarrangementsvarywithtimeandplace,manstillremainsman.Weandtheancientsshareacommonhumannatureandhencecertaincommonhumanexperiencesandproblems.

Thepoetsbearwitnessthatancientman,too,sawthesunriseandset,feltthewindonhischeek,waspossessedbyloveanddesire,experiencedjoyandexcitementaswellasfrustrationanddisappointment,andknewgoodandevil.Theancientpoetsspeakacrossthecenturiestous,sometimesmoredirectlyandvividlythanourcontemporarywriters.Andtheancientprophetsandphilosophers,indealingwiththebasicproblemsofmenlivingtogetherinsociety,stillhavesomethingtosaytous.

Wealsolearnfromthepastbyconsideringtherespectsinwhichitdiffersfromthepresent.Wecandiscoverwherewearetodayandwhatwehavebecomebyknowingwhatthepeopleofthepastdidandthought.Andpartofthepast—ourpersonalpastandthatoftherace—alwayslivesinus.

1.Accordingtothewriter,ourpastcanteachusquitealotbecause（）

2.Inthesecondparagraph,thewriterplacesgreatemphasisonthefactthat（）

3.Judgingfromthecontext,thereasonforthewritertotalkaboutthepoetsisthat（）

4.Inthefirstlineofthelastparagraph,thesentence“Wecandiscoverwherewearetoday...”means（）

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.itisverydifferentfromthepresent

B.itisquitethesameasthepresent

C.wecandrawmanylessonsfromit

D.wearenotworkingsohardasthepeopleinthepast

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.humannaturedoesnotchangeeasily

B.agreatchangehastakenplaceintheconditionsofhumanlife

C.socialarrangementschangequickly

D.itisimpossibletoasktheancientpeopletogiveususefuladvice

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theytriedtotalktopeoplewhoweretocomeafterthem

B.theyknewgoodandevilbetterthanotherpeople

C.theywerethemostemotionalpeopleintheirtimes

D.theyrecordedthelifeofancientpeopleintheirpoems

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.wecanknowhowmuchdevelopmentwehavemade

B.wecanidentifywherewearelivingatthepresentage

C.wecanlearnmoreaboutourproblems

D.wecantraveltoanyplacequiteeasily

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Ourpresenthaslittleincommonwiththepast.

B.Pasthumanexperiencescanbeusedtoservethepresent.

C.Somepeopleinthepastpredictedthingsinourageaccurately.

D.Ourpresentageisbasicallysimilartothepastone.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Wecanlearnmuchofvaluefromitssimilarityanditsdifference.”可知,過(guò)去可以教會(huì)我們很多,因?yàn)槲覀兛梢詮闹蝎@得經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句“...,manstillremainsman.Weandtheancientsshareacommonhumannature...”盡管社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)隨著時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)而改變,但我們依舊是我們。我們和古人有著共同的人性,因此也有共同的經(jīng)歷和問(wèn)題。所以作者強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人性是沒(méi)有變化的。選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Andtheancientprophetsandphilosophers,indealingwiththebasicproblemsofmenlivingtogetherinsociety,stillhavesomethingtosaytous.”古代的先知和哲學(xué)家,在處理人類(lèi)共同生活在社會(huì)中的基本問(wèn)題時(shí),對(duì)我們依然適用。由此推斷,作者提到詩(shī)人的原因是因?yàn)樗麄儗⒐湃说纳顚?xiě)進(jìn)了他們的詩(shī)。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)句意,通過(guò)了解過(guò)去人們的所作所為和思想,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)我們今天在哪里,我們變成了什么樣子。這里與過(guò)去對(duì)比,說(shuō)明我們現(xiàn)如今的生活有很大的進(jìn)步。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段就可知,本文主要講過(guò)去對(duì)我們的重要性,過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在相關(guān)聯(lián),但是過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在有相似但也有不同,所以選項(xiàng)A和D錯(cuò)誤,選項(xiàng)B古人的經(jīng)歷對(duì)現(xiàn)在依然有影響,符合原文。

3.單選題

YoucommentthatIseemrelaxedtoday.Areyou______thatI’musuallyuptight?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pondering

B.intimating

C.indigenous

D.intimidating

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)pondering為ponder的現(xiàn)在分詞，表示“沉思，默想”，B項(xiàng)intimating為intimate的現(xiàn)在分詞，表示“暗示，通知”，C項(xiàng)indigenous“本土的，國(guó)產(chǎn)的”，D項(xiàng)intimidating為intimidate的現(xiàn)在分詞，表示“恐嚇，威脅”。前面的句子意思是“你說(shuō)我今天看起來(lái)很放松”，后面提到了uptight（緊張），這與前面相反，可以推測(cè)空格處表示“暗示”，B項(xiàng)符合。句意：你說(shuō)我今天看起來(lái)很放松。你是在暗示我平?？雌饋?lái)都是緊張的嗎？因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

StateswillbeabletoforcemorepeopletopaysalestaxwhentheymakeonlinepurchasesunderaSupremeCourtdecisionThursdaythatwillleaveshopperswithlighterwalletsbutisabigfinancialwinforstates.

TheSupremeCourt'sopinionThursdayoverruledapairofdecades-olddecisionsthatstatessaidcostthembillionsofdollarsinlostrevenueannually.Thedecisionsmadeitmoredifficultforstatestocollectsalestaxoncertainonlinepurchases.

Thecasesthecourtoverturnedsaidthatifabusinesswasshippingacustomer'spurchasetoastatewherethebusinessdidn'thaveaphysicalpresencesuchasawarehouseoroffice,thebusinessdidn'thavetocollectsalestaxforthestate.Customersweregenerallyresponsibleforpayingthesalestaxtothestatethemselvesiftheyweren'tchargedit,butmostdidn'trealizetheyoweditandfewpaid.

JusticeAnthonyKennedywrotethatthepreviousdecisionswereflawed.“EachyearphysicalpresencerulebecomesfurtherremovedfromeconomicrealityandresultsinsignificantrevenuelossestotheStates,”hewroteinanopinionjoinedbyfourotherjustices.Kennedywrotethattherule“l(fā)imitedstates'abilitytoseeklong-termprosperityandhaspreventedmarketparticipantsfromcompetingonanevenplayingfield.”

Therulingisavictoryforbigchainswithapresenceinmanystates,sincetheyusuallycollectsalestaxononlinepurchasesalready.Now,rivalswillbechargingsalestaxwheretheyhadn'tbefore.Bigchainshavebeencollectingsalestaxnationwidebecausetheytypicallyhavephysicalstoresinwhateverstateapurchaseisbeingshippedto.A,withitsnetworkofwarehouses,alsocollectssalestaxineverystatethatchargesit,thoughthird-partysellerswhousethesitedon'thaveto.

Untilnow,manysellersthathaveaphysicalpresenceinonlyasinglestateorafewstateshavebeenabletoavoidchargingsalestaxeswhentheyshiptoaddressesoutsidethosestates.SellersthatuseeBayandEtsy,whichprovideplatformsforsmallersellers,alsohavencollectingsalestaxnationwide.UndertherulingThursday,statescanpasslawsrequiringout-of-statesellerstocollectthestate'ssalestaxfromcustomersandsendittothestate.

Retailtradegroupspraisedtheruling,sayingitlevelstheplayingfieldforlocalandonlinebusinesses.Thelosers,saidretailanalystNeilSaunders,areonline-onlyretailers,especiallysmallerones.Thoseretailersmayfaceheadachescomplyingwithvariousstatesalestaxlaws.TheSmallBusiness&EntrepreneurshipCounciladvocacygroupsaidinaastatement,"businessesandinternetentrepreneursarenotwellservedatallbythisdecision.”

1.TheSupremeCourtdecisionThursdaywill（

）.

2.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraphs2and3thattheoverruleddecisions（

）.

3.AccordingtoJusticeAnthonyKennedy,thephysicalpresencerulehas（

）.

4.WhoaremostlikelytowelcometheSupremeCourtruling（

）.

5.IndealingwiththeSupremeCourtdecisionThursday,theauthor（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.endetterbusiness'revolutionswithstates

B.putmostonlinebusinessinadilemma

C.makemoreonlineshopperspaysalestax

D.forcessomestatestocutsalestax

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.haveledtothedominanceofe-commerce

B.havecostconsumersalotovertheyears

C.werewidelycriticizedbyonlinepurchases

D.wereconsideredupfavorablebystates

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.hinderedeconomicdevelopment

B.broughtprosperitytothecountry

C.harmedfairmarketcompetition

D.boostedgrowthinstatesrevenue

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Internetentrepreneurs

B.Big-chainowners

C.Third-partysellers

D.Smallretailers

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.givesafactualaccountofitanddiscussesitsconsequences

B.describesthelongandcomplicatedprocessofitsmaking

C.presentsitsmainpointswithconflictingviewsonthem

D.citiessomecasesrelatedtoitandanalyzestheirimplications

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“theSupremeCourtdecisionThursday”定位到原文第一段“StateswillbeabletoforcemorepeopletopaysalestaxwhentheymakeonlinepurchasesunderaSupremeCourtdecisionThursdaythat...”前半句已經(jīng)明確提出各州的在線購(gòu)物可能要交稅，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C，原詞“online”加“shoppers”是對(duì)“purchase”的同義替換。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為提及。

2.根據(jù)題干“l(fā)earned”可知本題為推理題，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵字“theoverruleddecisions”定位到原文第二段的兩句，大意為“州政府抱怨以前的政策使每年稅收損失慘重，因此以前的政策很難再收取網(wǎng)上營(yíng)業(yè)稅”兩句表示出的意思都是對(duì)州政府的不利，對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，得出答案D，州政府認(rèn)為原政策對(duì)州會(huì)不利，因此駁回這項(xiàng)決定會(huì)對(duì)州有利，為正話反說(shuō)。

3.本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“JusticeAnthonyKennedy”“thephysicalpresencerule”定位到原文第四段的第二句和第三句，大意為實(shí)體店規(guī)定導(dǎo)致州政府稅收虧損，接著下一句Kennedywrotethattherule“l(fā)imitedstates'abilitytoseeklong-termprosperityandhaspreventedmarketparticipantsfromcompetingonanevenplayingfield.”該規(guī)定限制了各州長(zhǎng)期繁榮，并妨礙市場(chǎng)參與者參與公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)為“破壞了公平市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”和原文“competing”“marketparticipants”一一對(duì)應(yīng)，為正確答案。

4.根據(jù)題干“l(fā)ikely”得出本題為推理題，利用關(guān)鍵詞“welcometheSupremeCourtruling”定位到原文第五段第一句“Therulingisavictoryforbigchainswithapresenceinmanystates,since...”對(duì)于大公司來(lái)說(shuō)這項(xiàng)規(guī)定是一種勝利，因?yàn)椤恍枵业疥P(guān)鍵詞“bigchain”即可選出B選項(xiàng)：大型連鎖公司。

5.本題為主旨題，需找出作者的相應(yīng)觀點(diǎn)與論證，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“IndealingwiththeSupremeCourtdecisionThursday”回顧每段首尾句，推測(cè)每段大意。第一段講述最高法院通過(guò)了征收在線營(yíng)業(yè)稅的決定，第二段介紹之前的裁決及后果是對(duì)州政府不利的，第三段介紹了原來(lái)裁決涉及到的案例，第四段陳列了法官的觀點(diǎn)，即以前的裁決是有問(wèn)題的，第五段主要講述新判決會(huì)對(duì)大型連鎖超市產(chǎn)生有利的影響，第六段講述新裁決對(duì)州外賣(mài)價(jià)的影響，第七段表示新的判決得到零售界的肯定，因此本文的思路為：首段引出新判決，二三四段列舉相關(guān)案例，五六七段對(duì)其影響進(jìn)行講述，對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，得出D：作者在講述這個(gè)判決時(shí)引用了相關(guān)案例并分析了它們的影響。

5.單選題

Nothinghaseverequaledthe____andspeedwithwhichthehumanspeciesisalteringthephysicalandchemicalworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concern

B.magnitude

C.volume

D.carelessness

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.concern憂慮；關(guān)心B.magnitude（規(guī)模、重要性等）大的程度

C.volume（某物的）數(shù)量D.carelessness粗心大意

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義銜接與名詞辨析

【解題思路】空格處所填詞與speed“速度”并列，并且the____andspeed后接了一個(gè)由withwhich引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，其句意為“人類(lèi)改變物理和化學(xué)世界”，由此可以推斷，B選項(xiàng)magnitude“（某事物）大或重要的程度”符合題意，themagnitudeandspeed指“人類(lèi)改變物理和化學(xué)世界的程度和速度”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)concern“憂慮；關(guān)心”，不符合原文語(yǔ)義銜接；

C選項(xiàng)volume“（某物的）數(shù)量”，側(cè)重于指某事物的量，如業(yè)務(wù)量、工作量；

D選項(xiàng)carelessness“粗心大意”，不符合原文語(yǔ)義銜接。

【句意】沒(méi)有什么能比得上人類(lèi)改變物理和化學(xué)世界的程度和速度。

6.單選題

ItisunderstoodthatthefilmingofLegendsisalmostcompleteandthefilmisnot（）tobedelayed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.easy

B.available

C.possible

D.likely

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句意：據(jù)了解，《傳奇》的拍攝工作已經(jīng)基本完成，不可能會(huì)推遲。benotlikelyto是固定用法，意為“不可能”，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

7.單選題

In1982,HitachiwasindictedforstealingconfidentialdocumentsfromIBM.Aspartofacourtsettlement,thecompanypaidIBMhundredsofmillionsofdollars.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.condemnedfor

B.accusedof

C.disciplinedfor

D.disapprovedof

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。beindictedfor“因……被指控”；A選項(xiàng)becondemnedfor“因……被譴責(zé)”；B選項(xiàng)beaccusedof“被指控”；C選項(xiàng)bedisciplinedfor“因……受到處分或懲罰”；D選項(xiàng)bedisapprovedofdoingsth.的搭配不存在。句意：1982年，日立被指控從IBM竊取機(jī)密文件。作為法庭和解的一部分，該公司向IBM支付了數(shù)億美元。題干說(shuō)到“acourtsettlement庭外和解”，可推知indictedfor在這里有“因……被指控”的意思，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Gotmilk?Beveryafraid.Or,preferably,abitskeptical.Somefolksareabouttotrytoconvinceyouthatmilkistoxic.Buttherealquestionis,what’smoredangeroustoyourhealth:milk,orcelebritiesandactivistsembarkedonthelatesttrendycrusade（改革）？Thismonthmarksthepublicity-pumpeddebutoftheAntiDairyCoalition,abandofphysicians,self-described“Holly-woodpersonalities”andotherswhodecrywhattheycall“thehealthandnutritionalrisksofconsumingdairyproducts”.

Thecoalition,includingitsspokes-Jeremiah,writerGeorgePlimpton,wouldhaveyoubelievethatmilkcausesheartdisease,cancerinfections,asthma,allergiesandtuberculosis.RobertCohen,founderoftheADC（andauthorofMilk:TheDeadlyPoison,writes:“TheFountainofYouthandcuretoillnesscanbeobtainedbygivingupmilk.”）

Hyperboleaside,theADCisspotlightingaquestionhotlydebatedbyeveryonefromnutritioniststoparents.Manypatientsaskdoctorswhethertheyshouldgiveupmilk,likethatsupermodeltheysawinterviewedonTV.Andtobesure,theADC’soverwroughtclaimsdohavesomescientificbasis.

Takeheartdisease.Foodslikebutter,cheese,icecreamandwholemilkarepackedwithsaturatedfat（飽和脂肪）,whichblocksarteries（動(dòng)脈）andcanleadtoheartattacks.That’swhymostnutritionistsadviseswitchingtolow-fatorskimmilkandeatingmoreyogurtandcottagecheesethanHaagen-DazsandBrie.Evenskimmilk,though,cantriggerallergiesinsomepeople,includinginfants,whoinanycasewillgetmoreironandotherkeynutrientsfrombreastmilkorformula.

Somustyoufleefrommilkentirely?Yes,saysCohen,whoholdsthatskimmilkisthedevil’sbrew.It’sfullof—areyousittingdown?—Protein.Andhere’swheretheADCstartstwistingthefactstoreachwildconclusions.Allergiesarefrequentlytriggeredbyproteins（true;asthmaisanallergiccondition（true;it’sbeenincreasingdramatically（true;doctorsdon’tknowthecause（true;therefore,theproteininmilkmustbetheculprit（罪魁禍?zhǔn)祝?/p>

AsimilarleapofillogicassumesthatbecausewomenintheNetherlands.Denmark,NorwayandSwedenconsumelotsofmilkandalsosufferhighratesofbreastcancer;theformermustcausethelatter.AnotherclunkerisCohen’sclaimthatwidespreadlactoseintolerance（乳糖不耐受）—theinabilitytodigestdairyproducts—meansmilkisoflittleuseasasourceofcalcium.Infact,manycasesoflactoseintolerancearemildandinterfereonlyslightlywithcalciumuptake.Manypeopleintolerantofmilkcaneasilydigestyogurt.Andlactasetablets（乳糖分解酵素片）canmakedairyproductsdigestibleeveninseverecases.

Ifmilkisn’ttheperfectfood,it’sstillgotsomebigthingsgoingforit.It’saninexpensivesourceofcalcium,protein,potassiumandothervitaminsandminerals.Andunlikeothersourcesofcalcium,suchas,say,steamedkale,milkisafoodkidswilleat.TheADCfeelsthatmilkistherootofmosthumanmaladies（疾?。?butIcanpointtoothersingle-issueobsessivewhoinsistthevillainismeatorwheatorsugarorsomeothersubstancethatourspecieshaslongandhappilyconsumed.Ioftenlearnsomethingbyexaminingtheirclaims.ButIkeepcoiningbacktothemainstreamnutritionists,whoemphasizeabalanceddietandadvisemoderationinallthings.

1.TheADCholdsthatgivingupmilkwillcausethefollowingdiseasesEXCEPT（）

2.Thewriterthinksthatmilk（）.

3.Itisclearfromthepassagethat（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,ifyousufferfromlactoseintolerance（）.

5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethatthewriteris（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.breastcancer

B.diabetes

C.heartdisease

D.lungdisease

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.istoxicandweshouldgiveitup

B.isverynutritiousandweshouldconsumeitasmuchaspossible

C.isthemostidealfood

D.hasitsplusesandminusesandweshouldconsumeitsensibly

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thewriterisofthesameopinionaboutmilkwiththeADC

B.thewriterregardsmilkastherootofmosthumandiseases

C.thewriteradvisespeopletostayoutoftroublewithmilk

D.thewriter’sopinionaboutmilkdiffersgreatlyfromtheADC’s

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.youhadbettergiveupmilkentirely

B.youshouldhavelessmilkeveryday

C.youcantakelactasewhichcatalyzes（催化）lactoseintoglucose（葡萄糖）andgalactose（半乳糖）

D.youmustseeadoctoratonce

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.anunprejudicedperson

B.anopinionatedperson

C.aworldlyperson

D.awisebutpeculiarperson

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題第二段的第一句“milkcausesheartdisease,cancerinfections,asthma,allergiesandtuberculosis.”cancerinfections和選項(xiàng)A對(duì)應(yīng)；heartdisease和選項(xiàng)C對(duì)應(yīng)；tuberculosis（肺結(jié)核）和選項(xiàng)D對(duì)應(yīng)。只有選項(xiàng)B（糖尿?。](méi)有提及。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的前三句可知，作者認(rèn)為牛奶有好處也有壞處，所以要適量攝取。選項(xiàng)A，B，C表述都太絕對(duì)，所以不正確；選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的第四句“TheADCfeelsthatmilkistherootofmosthumanmaladies...”以及第二段的最后一句“TheFountainofYouthandcuretoillnesscanbeobtainedbygivingupmilk.”可知選項(xiàng)B和C都是ADC的觀點(diǎn)；根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，作者和ADC的觀點(diǎn)是完全不同的，所以本題選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)actoseintolerance”定位到第六段第三句“widespreadlactoseintolerance—theinabilitytodigestdairyproducts—meansmilkisoflittleuseasasourceofcalcium.”選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Andtobesure,theADC’soverwroughtclaimsdohavesomescientificbasis.”以及最后一段的內(nèi)容可知作者是一個(gè)公平公正的人，因?yàn)樗m然不贊同ADC的觀點(diǎn)，但也沒(méi)有完全否定。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

9.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

隨著年歲的增長(zhǎng)，精力日減，效率漸低，作風(fēng)漸延：激情有失，理智有增?？磥?lái)，這樣的互易不可能總是得失相當(dāng)?shù)?。但是，一定的年齡總有一定的長(zhǎng)處。因此，可以告慰的是，即使你已度過(guò)了部分盛年，在未來(lái)的經(jīng)歷中，依然會(huì)有另一種盛年期的出現(xiàn)。某些重要的盛年期似乎在人生后期才達(dá)到頂峰。

原始人一旦由于周?chē)脑S多令人愉快的情景而第一次開(kāi)口大笑了，又由于笑對(duì)周?chē)a(chǎn)生的那些明顯的愉快的效果，笑就開(kāi)始具有了人類(lèi)社會(huì)所特有的價(jià)值。具有用爽朗的笑聲來(lái)傳播愉快能力的人，開(kāi)始比他的較為嚴(yán)肅、古板的同事更能享受到社會(huì)的優(yōu)惠，從而使自己處于有利的地位。他成了個(gè)“善于交際的人”，在社交方面成了大家所推舉的人，受到社會(huì)的喜愛(ài)。

當(dāng)今的世界，即非絲綢之路的吋代，亦非馬可波羅(MarcoPolo)吋代。從上海去東京，只需兩個(gè)多小時(shí)。從中國(guó)區(qū)地球另一端的美國(guó)，也能在日歷的同一天到達(dá)。昔日遙遠(yuǎn)的地理距離，被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)一下縮短到令人難以置信的程度。這是人類(lèi)文明的共同成果。

【答案】Asweage,wetradestrengthforingenuity,speedforthoroughnessandpassionforreason.Theseexchangesmaynotalwaysseemfair,butateveryage,therearesomeadvantages.Soitisreassuringtonotethatevenifyou’vepassedsomeofyour“primes”,youstillhaveotherprimeyearstoexperienceinthefuture.Itseemsthatsomeprimeperiodwillreachitspeaklaterinourlife.

Oncetheprimitivemenburstoutlaughingforthefirsttimebecauseofsomethingpleasantaroundthem,andthenthelaughbringstheobviouslypleasanteffectaround,thelaughhashadvaluethatthehumanbeingsisholding.Thepersonwhopossessestheabilitytospreadhappinessbybrightandclearlaughwillgetmoresocialbenefitsthanhisseriousandstuffycolleagues,whichgetshiminanadvantageousposition.Thushebecomesa“goodmixer”whoiscommendedbyothers,especiallygiftedsocially.

TheworldtodayisneithertheeraofSilkRoad,northeageofMarcoPolo.ItjusttakesabouttwohoursfromShanghaitoTokyo.Onthesamedayonthecalendar,youalsocanarriveintheUnitedStatesontheothersideoftheearthfromChina.Thefargeographicdistanceoftheolddayshasbeenshortenedtoanunbelievableextentbymodernscienceandtechnology.It’sthecommonachievementsbroughtaboutbytheprogressofhumancivilization.

10.單選題

Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitableisonewhichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld’sgreatwriters.Beforeconsideringthisquestion,（1）willbeusefultointroducesome（2）concepts.Conflict,（3）asoppositionamongsocialentitiesdirectedagainstoneanother,is（4）fromcompetition,（5）meansoppositionamongsocialunits（6）seekingtoobtainsomethingwhichis（7）inadequatesupply.Competitorsmaynotknowaboutoneanother,whichthosewho（8）inaconflictdo.Conflictandcompetitionareboth（9）ofopposition.Themeaningofoppositionhasbeenstatedasaprocessbywhichsocialunitsfunctioninthedisserviceofoneanother.Oppositionis（10）contrastedtocooperation,a（11）bywhichsocialunitsfunctionintheserviceofoneanother.These（12）arenecessarybecauseitisimportanttoemphasizethatcompetitionbetweenindividualsorgroupsisinevitableinaworldoflimited（13）,butconflictisnot.Conflict,nevertheless,isvery（14）tooccurandisprobablyanessentialanddesirableelementofhumansocieties.

Manyauthorshavebasedtheirargumentsthatwarcannotbeavoidedontheidea（15）inthestruggleforexistenceamonggroupsofanimals,onlythosewhicharebestadaptedremain（16）.Ingeneral,however,thisstruggle（17）iscompetition,notconflict.Thosewhofailinthiscompetition（18）starvetodeathorarekilledbyothertypesofanimals.Thisstruggleforexistenceisnot（19）humanwar,butis（20）thecompetitionofindividualsforjobs,markets,andmaterials.Themostimportantqualityofthisstruggleisthecompetitionforthenecessitiesoflifethatarenotenoughtosatisfyall.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.it

B.that

C.what

D.this

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.related

B.relating

C.relative

D.relation

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.specified

B.remarked

C.defined

D.claimed

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.variable

B.distinguished

C.various

D.isolated

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.it

B.this

C.that

D.which

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.critically

B.approximately

C.independently

D.costly

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.for

C.with

D.in

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.enter

B.participate

C.fall

D.involve

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.formations

B.classes

C.terms

D.reactions

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.nevertheless

B.however

C.thus

D.maybe

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.procession

B.standard

C.process

D.measurement

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.accounts

B.definitions

C.descriptions

D.explanations

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.resources

B.origins

C.sources

D.materials

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.likely

B.probably

C.necessarily

D.possibly

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.while

C.when

D.that

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.lived

B.living

C.alive

D.life

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.onthecontrary

B.atlength

C.inparticular

D.innature

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.notonly

B.either

C.neither

D.both

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.similarto

B.sameas

C.resembled

D.imitated

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.equal

B.alike

C.like

D.unlike

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:B

第10題:C

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:A

第14題:A

第15題:D

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:A

第20題:C

【解析】1.考查固定搭配。it+be動(dòng)詞+形容詞+todosth.“做某事是……的”，該句型中it做形式主語(yǔ)。句意：在考慮這個(gè)問(wèn)題之前，有必要介紹一些相關(guān)的概念。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)related“有關(guān)系的，有關(guān)聯(lián)的；講述的，敘述的”；B選項(xiàng)relating“關(guān)聯(lián)；關(guān)系；聯(lián)系”；C選項(xiàng)relative“相對(duì)的；有關(guān)系的；成比例的”；D選項(xiàng)relation“關(guān)系；敘述；故事；親屬關(guān)系”。relatedconcepts“相關(guān)概念”。句意：在考慮這個(gè)問(wèn)題之前，有必要介紹一些相關(guān)的概念。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)specified“被指定；詳細(xì)說(shuō)明”；B選項(xiàng)remarked“被評(píng)論；被察覺(jué)”；C選項(xiàng)defined“被定義；下定義；使明確”；D選項(xiàng)claimed“被聲稱；被宣稱；被斷言”。句意：沖突被定義為社會(huì)實(shí)體之間相互對(duì)立的對(duì)立。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)variable“adj.變量的；可變的；易變的，多變的；變異的”；B選項(xiàng)distinguished“v.辨別；使有區(qū)別；看清，認(rèn)出”；C選項(xiàng)various“adj.各種各樣的；多方面的”；D選項(xiàng)isolated“v.使……孤立；使……分離；將……剔出”。根據(jù)固定搭配bedistinguishedfrom“不同于……；有別于……；與……加以區(qū)別”可知句意為：沖突是指社會(huì)實(shí)體之間相互對(duì)立的對(duì)立，它不同于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是指社會(huì)單位之間為了獨(dú)立獲取供給不足的東西而產(chǎn)生的對(duì)立。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有關(guān)系代詞who，whom，whose，which，that，as；關(guān)系副詞when，where，why。定語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞的選用主要看先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作什么成分或者是定語(yǔ)從句中缺什么成分。題干中的從句缺少主語(yǔ)成分，定語(yǔ)從句中缺主語(yǔ)，修飾人時(shí)用who/that，修飾物時(shí)用which/that引導(dǎo)，that引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)前面一般不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，因此該題應(yīng)選which。句意：沖突是指社會(huì)實(shí)體之間相互對(duì)立的對(duì)立，它不同于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是指社會(huì)單位之間為了獨(dú)立獲取供給不足的東西而產(chǎn)生的對(duì)立。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)critically“精密地；危急地；嚴(yán)重地；批評(píng)性地；用鉆研眼光地；很大程度上；極為重要地”；B選項(xiàng)approximately“大約，近似地；近于”；C選項(xiàng)independently“獨(dú)立地；自立地”；D選項(xiàng)costly“昂貴的；代價(jià)高的”。句意：沖突是指社會(huì)實(shí)體之間相互對(duì)立的對(duì)立，它不同于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是指社會(huì)單位之間為了獨(dú)立獲取供給不足的東西而產(chǎn)生的對(duì)立。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.考查固定搭配。inshort/inadequatesupply“缺乏的；供應(yīng)不足的”為固定搭配，一般不用其他介詞。句意：沖突是指社會(huì)實(shí)體之間相互對(duì)立的對(duì)立，它不同于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是指社會(huì)單位之間為了獨(dú)立獲取供給不足的東西而產(chǎn)生的對(duì)立。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)enterin“登記姓名，細(xì)節(jié)”等。如：enterinaniteminanaccountbook將一筆賬記入賬本；B選項(xiàng)participatein“參與”；C選項(xiàng)fallin“陷入”，如fal