一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進行時講解及練習(xí)

一般現(xiàn)在時一、定義與講解：一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性的動作或一般性事實。，也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語具備的性格和能力。通常與副詞everyday（每天），always（總是）,usually（通常）,often（經(jīng)常）sometimes（有時）,等時間狀語連用。例：（1）表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。Theskyisblue天.空是藍色的。Mary’fathersisanEnglishteacher.xx的爸爸是一名英語老師。（2）表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。Igetupatsixeveryday我.每天六點起床。Sheplayssportseveryday.她每天都做運動。（3）表示客觀現(xiàn)實。Thetablehasfourlegs.桌子有四條腿。Thereare50studentsinmyclass.我們班有50個學(xué)生。（4）表示客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，等客觀事實或格言諺語等。Thesunrisesintheeasteveryday.xx每天從東方升起。Theearthgoesaroundthesun地.球繞著xx轉(zhuǎn)。（5）表示平日的喜好。Ilikebananas. Wedon’tlikevegetables.Helikesicecream. Shedoesn’tlikestrawberries.二．只有主語在第三人稱單數(shù)時用動詞的 “三單形式”，其他人稱用動詞原形。1/15★動詞三單形式的變化規(guī)則：1.（1）多數(shù)直接在動詞詞尾加 -s.play—plays like—likesask---asks work---works get---gets call---calls（2）以字母s,x,ch,sh或o結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾直接加 -es.watch---watches wish---wishes do---does go---goes（3）以“輔音字母加 -y”結(jié)尾的動詞，要先變 y為i再加-es.try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies2.不規(guī)則變化：be----ishave----has三、一般現(xiàn)在時的句子轉(zhuǎn)換：1）變一般疑問句：當句子中有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，則把be動詞或情態(tài)動詞(can,could等)提到主語的前面，（口訣：一調(diào)二變?nèi)龁柼枺?;（2）變否定句：在be動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面直接加not變成否定句.(be后notxx忘記)例：①陳述句：Sheismysister..疑問句→Issheyoursister?Yes,Iam./No,I ’mnot.否定句→Sheisnotmysister.②陳述句：Icanplaysoccer.疑問句→Canyouplaysoccer?Yes,Ican./No,Ican ’t.否定句→Icannot/can play’tsoccer.注意：對一般疑問句的回答：2/15一般用什么問就用什么來回答。但以下例外：Isthisapencil? Yes,itis./No,itisn ’t.Isthatyourbackpack? Yes,itis./No,itisn ’t.Aretheseyourparents? Yes,they ’re./No,theyaren ’t.ArethoseJim ’sbrothers?Yes,they ’re./No,theyaren ’t.3）當句子中沒有be動詞，也沒有情態(tài)動詞時，變一般疑問句時，在主語前加助動詞do(I,we,you,以及復(fù)數(shù)),does（第三人稱單數(shù)she,he,it等）變成問句；4）變否定句時，在主語后謂語動詞前加助動詞don’t,doesn’t變成否定句，切記：助動詞后的動詞則還原成動詞原形。例：①陳述句：Wegetup（起床） at7:00everymorning.疑問句→Doyougetupat7:00everymorning?否定句→Wedon’tgetupat7:00everymorning.②陳述句：Shehasabrother.疑問句→Doesshehaveabrother?否定句→Shedoesn’thaveabrother.※在一般現(xiàn)在時中，當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即常在動詞原形后加-s或-es。但有些同學(xué)們對于哪些主語是第三人稱單數(shù)還不十分清楚，現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下：一、人稱代詞he,she,it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：HelikeswatchingTV.他喜歡看電視。3/15Shehaslunchattwelve.她十二點吃午餐。二、單個人名、地名或稱呼作主語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：①HanMeilikessalsd .xx喜歡薩拉。BeijingisinChina.xx在xx。UncleWangoftenplaysvolleyball..xx叔叔經(jīng)常打排球。三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this/that/the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"作主語時，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：Thisbookisyours.這本書是你的。③Thatcarisred. ④ThecatisLucy's.這只貓是露xx的。四、不定代詞someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代詞this,that作主語時，是第三人稱單數(shù)。Everyoneishere.大家到齊了。Thereisawatchonthetable.桌上有塊手表。Thisisapen.這是一支鋼筆。④Thatisaneraser.五、不可數(shù)名詞作主語時為第三人稱單數(shù)。如：Themilk（牛奶）isintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。②Thebreadisverysmall.那面包很小。六、當數(shù)字或字母作主語時，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如："6"isaluckynumber."6"是個xx數(shù)字。"I"isaletter."I"是個字母。一、按照要求改寫句子1．Thisismypencil?變(一般疑問句)yourpencil?4/152.TheseredsocksareKate 變一般’疑s問.(句)socksKate ’s?Marydoesnothaveanybooks.變(肯定句)somebooks.Shelikestheblackbagverymuch.變(為否定句)5.Ilikeapples.(用she改寫句子)6.It’sanEnglishdictionary對畫.線(部分提問).7.Hehashamburgerandapplesfordinner.變(一般疑問句)二、用Be動詞填空。youLiFen?No,not.Mr.greenverybusy?Yes,he.3..Thisbookveryinteresting. 4.Whatclassyouin?YouandIgoodfriends.Thebasketballclubfun.三．用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1.LinTao(like)hisruler.2.Let ’s(have)icecream.Let’s(play)tennis!4.He(like)English.Nice(meet)you!6.I(need)somefruits.一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練:一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。havelikedrink_____go_____stay____study____teach_____1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.5/15DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.______they________(like)pears?_______yourparents_______(have)eggseveryday?There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.18.Mike_______(like)cooking.They_______(have)thesamehobby.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.Thisboyoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.五、改錯(劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上 )IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________Doeshelikesgoingfishing?________________Helikesplaygamesafterclass._________________Mr.WuteachsusEnglish._______________Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._____________一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)句型轉(zhuǎn)換This is a white key.(對畫線部分進行提問)Ben’sbag is yellow and red.(對畫線部分進行提問)6/15Her name is Gina.(對畫線部分進行提問)My phone number is 673-8220.(對畫線部分進行提問)The boy’sname is Jack.(對畫線部分進行提問)The picture is on the wall.(對畫線部分進行提問)Your baseball is under the chair.(對畫線部分進行提問)His book is on the desk.(對畫線部分進行提問)Some balls are in the dresser.(對畫線部分進行提問)He is Johnny. (改為一般疑問句)These are his parents.(改為一般疑問句)This is my sister.(改為一般疑問句)7/1514.The baseball is under the bed.(改為一般疑問句)15.My key is on the bed.(改為一般疑問句)16.He has a tennis racket.(改為一般疑問句)17.I have some baseball bats.(改為一般疑問句)18.She has many things to do today.(改為一般疑問句)19.I like hamburgers.(改為一般疑問句)20.They have a TV.(改為一般疑問句)25.You are Tina.(改為否定句)26.These are my brothers.(改為否定句)27.The books are on the bookcase.(改為否定句)28.Three books are under the desk.(改為否定句)8/1530.We have a big TV in our house.(改為否定句)31.Kate has some money in her pocket.(改為否定句)32.He likes ice cream.(改為否定句)34.Nice to meet you!(寫出答語)Is that a dictionary?(改為復(fù)數(shù)句)____________________________________________36These are photos.(改為單數(shù)句)37.Is he your cousin?(作肯定回答)38.Is Linda his sister?(作否定回答)39.Is this a Chinese book?(作否定回答)40.Those are dictionaries.(改為單數(shù)句)41.Is the CD on the sofa?(作肯定回答)9/1542.Are the chairs next to the table?(作否定回答)43.Where is my book?(改為復(fù)數(shù)句子)44.They are on the sofa.(改為單數(shù)句子)現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時是由“助動詞be(am,is,are)＋動詞-ing”構(gòu)成，表示說話者“此刻”或現(xiàn)階段的行為。二、現(xiàn)在進行時的基本結(jié)構(gòu)1．肯定句：主語+be(am,is,are)+現(xiàn)在分詞+??例如：Iamspeakingwithhimonthephone.我正和他通電話。Heisplayingtennis.他正在打網(wǎng)球。Myparentsaredancing.我父母正在跳舞。2．否定句：主語+benot+現(xiàn)在分詞+??例如：I'mnotstudying.我沒在學(xué)習(xí)。Sheisnotreadingnow.現(xiàn)在她不是在看書。Theyarenotwriting.他們沒在寫。3．一般疑問句：Be動詞+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+??？例如：(1)—IsshestillhelpingLiLing?她還在幫助xx嗎？—Yes,sheis.是的。/No,sheisn't.不，她沒在幫xx。(2)—Areyoulisteningtomusic?你正在聽音樂嗎？10/15—Yes,Iam.是的。/No,I'mnot.不，我沒有聽音樂。4．特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞 +be動詞+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+??？例如：—Whatareyoustudying?你正在學(xué)什么？—I'mstudyingEnglish.我在學(xué)英語。—WhatisMikedoing?邁克在做什么？ ----Heiswatchingthefootballmatch.他在看足球比賽。三、現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則1.一般在動詞末尾加 ing,如： think-thinkinggo-going2.以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，先去掉 e,再加ing，如：3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，中間只有一個元音字母，詞尾只有一個輔音字母，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing,如：put-puttingrun-running四、現(xiàn)在進行時的基本用法1．表示此時此刻(說話者)正在進行的動作。例如：Theteacheristalkingwithhisstudents.這位老師正在同他的學(xué)生交談。Whatareyoudoingnow?你現(xiàn)在干什么呢？2．表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作，但此刻并不一定在進行。 例如：Wearedoinganexperimentthisweek.我們這個星期正在做一個實驗。(但說話時并不一定在做實驗。 )WeareleavingforShanghaitomorrow.我們明天啟程去 xx。4．現(xiàn)在進行時表示說話時正發(fā)生的或者正進行的動作。常與時間狀語now,atthemoment等連用。Itisraininghardnow.Don'thurry.11/15Iamwritingaletter.Willyoupleaseturndowntheradio?Watchout(當心)!It'sfalling.Look!Thecloudsaregathering.Wearebusyatthemoment.I'msellingcigarettes.Myfatherissellingsomesweets.5.表示按計劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動作。WearegoingtoRomenextweek.MrBlackisleavingforShanghaiinafewdays.Areyoudoinganythingspecialtonight?6．用在時間和條件狀語從句中表達將來正進行的動作。I'lltelephoneyoutomorrowwhileI'mwaiting.I'llthinkaboutitwhileyouarewritingthereport.Whenyouaretalkingwithhim,takecarenottomentionthis.IfyouarestandingatthecornerwhenIpass,I'llgiveyoualiftintotown.五、現(xiàn)在進行時的練習(xí)題 按要求改寫句子Theboyisplayingbasketball.否定句：____________________________一般疑問句：_________________________肯定回答：__________________________否定回答：__________________________對“isplayingbasketball提問：”__________________________對“Theboy提”問：__________________________Theyaresingingintheclassroom.12/15否定句：____________________________ 一般疑問句：_________________________肯定回答：__________________________ 否定回答：__________________________對“aresinging提問”：__________________________對“intheclassroom提問”：__________________________4.she,thewindow,open,now.(用現(xiàn)在進行時連詞成句.)_____________________5.Thebirdsaresinginginthetree.(就劃線部分提問)________________________6.is,who,thewindow,cleaning?(連詞成句)______________________Thechildrenareplayinggamesnearthehouse.就(劃線部分提問)_______________8.Sheisclosingthedoornow.改(成否定句)______________________9.Youaredoingyourhomework.(用“作I”主語改寫句子)______________________10.they,thetree,sing,now,under.(用現(xiàn)在進行時連詞成句 .)_____________________11.TheYoungPioneersarehelpingtheoldwoman.改(成一般疑問句)______________________13/15II.單項選擇()1.我在照看孩子.(A)Iamlookingafterthebaby.(B)I'mlookafteringthebaby.(C)Ilookamafteri