高考英語長難句分析課件

高考英語長難句分析高考英語(2017全國III卷D篇)Formanyolderpeoplewholivedinthecountry,drivingwasveryimportantforpreservingtheirindependence,givingthemthefreedomtogetoutwithouthavingtorelyonothers.

(2017全國III卷D篇)句子種類

簡單句

并列句復(fù)合句句子種類簡單句并列句復(fù)合句1)Wetookpityonthepeopleinthedisaster-hitareainYushuandmanystudentsraisedmoneyforthem.

2)Havingsufferedanumberofhealthproblems,formerOlympicPresidentSamaranchdiedonApril21inBarcelona.3)TheInternetisanexcitingtoolthatnotonlyputsvastinformationatyourfingertipsbutexpandsoptions.簡單句

復(fù)合并列句Samaranchdiedm簡單句復(fù)合并列句m句子判斷簡單句并列句復(fù)合句主干并列連詞從屬連詞句子判斷簡單句并列句復(fù)合句主干并列從屬

結(jié)構(gòu)分析法

明晰句子結(jié)構(gòu)，把握句子的基本框架。

A.判斷該句是簡單句、并列句還是復(fù)合句；

B.找出句子的主干成分(主語和謂語)，分清句子附屬成分，理解句子大意。

C.層層分析，層層剝離。結(jié)構(gòu)分析法

明晰句子結(jié)構(gòu)

句子較長，一個(gè)從句套著另一個(gè)從句，環(huán)環(huán)相扣。不管句子有多長有多復(fù)雜，它只由兩部分構(gòu)成，即主干和修飾成分。主干是整個(gè)句子的骨架，主要指主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)或主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。而修飾成分在句中只起修飾或補(bǔ)充主干的作用，它既可以是單詞，也可以是短語，更常見的則是從句，尤其是定語從句和狀語從句。我們應(yīng)通過仔細(xì)分析，將每個(gè)修飾成分劃出來，找出句子的主干，這樣整個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)就清晰了。

句子較長，一個(gè)從句套著另一個(gè)從句，環(huán)環(huán)相扣。不管句子有prepositionalphrases（介短）clauses（從句）non-predicateverbs

（非謂語）Alongsentence1.trunk(主干部分):S.+V.+(O.)…2.modifiers

修飾語部分3.parallelstructures

（并列結(jié)構(gòu)）(Aand/orB;A,B,and/or

C)小結(jié)：prepositionalphrasesAlongse長難句體驗(yàn)：4)Theopinionthatbreakfastisthemostvitalmealofthedayissowidespreadthatanincreasingnumberofpeoplefrombigcitiesaresurprisedtolearnthatthereisalackofscientificevidenceshowinghowbreakfastmaydirectlycausechangesinourhealth.長難句體驗(yàn)：4)TheopinionthatbreakTheopinionthatbreakfastisthemostbasicmealofthedayissowidespreadthatanincreasingnumberofpeoplearesurprisedtolearnthatthereisalackofscientificevidenceshowinghowbreakfastmaydirectlycausechangesinourhealth.一劃，二括，三會(huì)意)(()Theopinionthatbreakfastis5)SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,tohelpreduceunemploymentpressures.(2009江蘇)

介詞短語作定語時(shí)間狀語介詞短語作狀語過去分詞做定語定語1.帶有較多成分的簡單句不定式做目的狀語

去枝葉，留主干。5)SchoolsacrossChinaaree2.含有多個(gè)從句的復(fù)合句6)Whereasawoman’sclosestfemalefriendmightbethefirsttotellhertoleaveafailingmarriage，itwasn’tunusualtohearamansaythathedidn’tknowthathisfriend’smarriagewasinserioustroubleuntilheappearedonenightaskingifhecouldsleeponthesofa.

(NMET2001.E篇)找從屬連詞,分析從句,理解句意。2.含有多個(gè)從句的復(fù)合句6)Whereasawoman’7)IfyouaskpeopletonameonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare”,“SamuelJohnson”,and“Webster”,butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn’tevenspeakEnglish—William,theConqueror.(2001全國卷I,D篇)7)Ifyouaskpeopletoname3.含有插入語的句子這種句子的特點(diǎn)是在正常的句子中插入一些或長或短的成分或句子，比如同位語（從句）、非限制性定語從句、狀語從句、分詞、插入語等等，打斷讀者的思路，割裂前后之間的語義，造成理解上的困難。有時(shí)有逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)分開。忽略插入成分,直奔句子主題.3.含有插入語的句子忽略插入成分,8)Thelackofrightmale(男性的)rolemodelsinmanyoftheirlives—athomeandparticularlyintheschoolenvironment—

meansthattheirpeersaretheonlypeopletheyhavetojudgethemselvesagainst.(2008遼寧卷C篇)

譯文：在他們很多人的生活中，如在家里，尤其是在學(xué)校，缺少合適的男性榜樣，這就意味著他們只好對照自己的同齡人來評(píng)判自己。8)Thelackofrightmale(男性的9)Sciencehasbecomesoimportantinthemodernworld,withitsproceduressohighlystandardizedandsowidelyaccepted,thatitisincludedamongmodernsocialinstitutions.隨著科學(xué)研究程序達(dá)到高度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化并被廣泛接受，在當(dāng)今世界上，科學(xué)已變得如此重要，以至被納入現(xiàn)代社會(huì)制度之中。9)Sciencehasbecomesoimport4.成分省略

10)Themagazineismale-targetingbecauseyoungguysgenerallywon’tpickupamagazinethatappearstobedirectedatfemales,whereasgirlsusuallywill.把握大意,找出上文對應(yīng)信息,補(bǔ)充省略成分4.成分省略

把握大意,11)Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.（NMET2001D篇）5.倒裝句確定主語,調(diào)整語序,把握大意.11)Before1066,inthelandwe

長難句之方法總結(jié)篇長難句之

1.帶有較多成分的簡單句------去枝葉，留主干。2.含有多個(gè)從句的復(fù)合句

------找從屬連詞,分析從句,理解句意。3.含有插入成分的句子

------忽略插入成分,直奔句子主題。4.倒裝句------確定主語,調(diào)整語序,把握大意。5.成分省略

------把握大意,找出對應(yīng)信息,補(bǔ)充省略成分。1.帶有較多成分的簡單句------去枝葉，留主干12)MobilephoneSIMcardswhichareputinthecollars(項(xiàng)圈)ofelephantsautomaticallysendatextmessagewhentheygettooclosetofarms,allowingwildlifeworkerstodrivethemoffratherthanshootthem.

長難句之小試牛刀Practice12)MobilephoneSIMcardswhic13)Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.(2017年全國II卷)Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?Itmakesnoise.Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C.Itstandsquietly.D.Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.長難句之小試牛刀Practice13)Backin1983,twoscienti14)Inhisfirstyearsofhighschool,hewouldlookpityinglyatmusicstudents,

36acrossthecampuswiththeirheavyinstrumentcases,turningupatschoolforpracticehoursbeforeanyoneelsehadtobethere.(2017年江蘇卷完形填空)36.A.travelingB.marchingC.pacingD.struggling長難句之小試牛刀Practice14)Inhisfirstyearsofhigh15)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewmadeastudypublishedin2014____________showeda5to10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.

(2018全國I卷語法填空)()()()長難句之小試牛刀Practicethat/which15)Twooftheauthorsofthe16)Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations,includingUNESCOandNationalGeographic,haveformanyyearsbeenrecording

dyinglanguagesandtheculturetheyreflect.(2014年全國I卷D篇)Manyscholarsaremakingeffortsto______promotegloballanguages.rescuethedisappearinglanguages.searchforlanguagescommunities.setuplanguagesresearchorganizations.16)Inanefforttopreventlan17)Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.(2018年全國II卷閱讀C)

Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.Actasrolemodelsforthem.B.Askthemtowritebookreports.C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.17)ThemosthopefuldatashareWeallknowthatchoiceismoreimportantthaneffort,butfewofusknowthateffortisthemostimportantchoice.WeallknowthatchoiceismorThankyou!Thankyou!高考英語長難句分析高考英語(2017全國III卷D篇)Formanyolderpeoplewholivedinthecountry,drivingwasveryimportantforpreservingtheirindependence,givingthemthefreedomtogetoutwithouthavingtorelyonothers.

(2017全國III卷D篇)句子種類

簡單句

并列句復(fù)合句句子種類簡單句并列句復(fù)合句1)Wetookpityonthepeopleinthedisaster-hitareainYushuandmanystudentsraisedmoneyforthem.

2)Havingsufferedanumberofhealthproblems,formerOlympicPresidentSamaranchdiedonApril21inBarcelona.3)TheInternetisanexcitingtoolthatnotonlyputsvastinformationatyourfingertipsbutexpandsoptions.簡單句

復(fù)合并列句Samaranchdiedm簡單句復(fù)合并列句m句子判斷簡單句并列句復(fù)合句主干并列連詞從屬連詞句子判斷簡單句并列句復(fù)合句主干并列從屬

結(jié)構(gòu)分析法

明晰句子結(jié)構(gòu)，把握句子的基本框架。

A.判斷該句是簡單句、并列句還是復(fù)合句；

B.找出句子的主干成分(主語和謂語)，分清句子附屬成分，理解句子大意。

C.層層分析，層層剝離。結(jié)構(gòu)分析法

明晰句子結(jié)構(gòu)

句子較長，一個(gè)從句套著另一個(gè)從句，環(huán)環(huán)相扣。不管句子有多長有多復(fù)雜，它只由兩部分構(gòu)成，即主干和修飾成分。主干是整個(gè)句子的骨架，主要指主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)或主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。而修飾成分在句中只起修飾或補(bǔ)充主干的作用，它既可以是單詞，也可以是短語，更常見的則是從句，尤其是定語從句和狀語從句。我們應(yīng)通過仔細(xì)分析，將每個(gè)修飾成分劃出來，找出句子的主干，這樣整個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)就清晰了。

句子較長，一個(gè)從句套著另一個(gè)從句，環(huán)環(huán)相扣。不管句子有prepositionalphrases（介短）clauses（從句）non-predicateverbs

（非謂語）Alongsentence1.trunk(主干部分):S.+V.+(O.)…2.modifiers

修飾語部分3.parallelstructures

（并列結(jié)構(gòu)）(Aand/orB;A,B,and/or

C)小結(jié)：prepositionalphrasesAlongse長難句體驗(yàn)：4)Theopinionthatbreakfastisthemostvitalmealofthedayissowidespreadthatanincreasingnumberofpeoplefrombigcitiesaresurprisedtolearnthatthereisalackofscientificevidenceshowinghowbreakfastmaydirectlycausechangesinourhealth.長難句體驗(yàn)：4)TheopinionthatbreakTheopinionthatbreakfastisthemostbasicmealofthedayissowidespreadthatanincreasingnumberofpeoplearesurprisedtolearnthatthereisalackofscientificevidenceshowinghowbreakfastmaydirectlycausechangesinourhealth.一劃，二括，三會(huì)意)(()Theopinionthatbreakfastis5)SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,tohelpreduceunemploymentpressures.(2009江蘇)

介詞短語作定語時(shí)間狀語介詞短語作狀語過去分詞做定語定語1.帶有較多成分的簡單句不定式做目的狀語

去枝葉，留主干。5)SchoolsacrossChinaaree2.含有多個(gè)從句的復(fù)合句6)Whereasawoman’sclosestfemalefriendmightbethefirsttotellhertoleaveafailingmarriage，itwasn’tunusualtohearamansaythathedidn’tknowthathisfriend’smarriagewasinserioustroubleuntilheappearedonenightaskingifhecouldsleeponthesofa.

(NMET2001.E篇)找從屬連詞,分析從句,理解句意。2.含有多個(gè)從句的復(fù)合句6)Whereasawoman’7)IfyouaskpeopletonameonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare”,“SamuelJohnson”,and“Webster”,butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn’tevenspeakEnglish—William,theConqueror.(2001全國卷I,D篇)7)Ifyouaskpeopletoname3.含有插入語的句子這種句子的特點(diǎn)是在正常的句子中插入一些或長或短的成分或句子，比如同位語（從句）、非限制性定語從句、狀語從句、分詞、插入語等等，打斷讀者的思路，割裂前后之間的語義，造成理解上的困難。有時(shí)有逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)分開。忽略插入成分,直奔句子主題.3.含有插入語的句子忽略插入成分,8)Thelackofrightmale(男性的)rolemodelsinmanyoftheirlives—athomeandparticularlyintheschoolenvironment—

meansthattheirpeersaretheonlypeopletheyhavetojudgethemselvesagainst.(2008遼寧卷C篇)

譯文：在他們很多人的生活中，如在家里，尤其是在學(xué)校，缺少合適的男性榜樣，這就意味著他們只好對照自己的同齡人來評(píng)判自己。8)Thelackofrightmale(男性的9)Sciencehasbecomesoimportantinthemodernworld,withitsproceduressohighlystandardizedandsowidelyaccepted,thatitisincludedamongmodernsocialinstitutions.隨著科學(xué)研究程序達(dá)到高度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化并被廣泛接受，在當(dāng)今世界上，科學(xué)已變得如此重要，以至被納入現(xiàn)代社會(huì)制度之中。9)Sciencehasbecomesoimport4.成分省略

10)Themagazineismale-targetingbecauseyoungguysgenerallywon’tpickupamagazinethatappearstobedirectedatfemales,whereasgirlsusuallywill.把握大意,找出上文對應(yīng)信息,補(bǔ)充省略成分4.成分省略

把握大意,11)Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.（NMET2001D篇）5.倒裝句確定主語,調(diào)整語序,把握大意.11)Before1066,inthelandwe

長難句之方法總結(jié)篇長難句之

1.帶有較多成分的簡單句------去枝葉，留主干。2.含有多個(gè)從句的復(fù)合句

------找從屬連詞,分析從句,理解句意。3.含有插入成分的句子

------忽略插入成分,直奔句子主題。4.倒裝句------確定主語,調(diào)整語序,把握大意。5.成分省略

------把握大意,找出對應(yīng)信息,補(bǔ)充省略成分。1.帶有較多成分的簡單句------去枝葉，留主干12)MobilephoneSIMcardswhichareputinthecollars(項(xiàng)圈)ofelephantsautomaticallysendatextmessagewhentheygettooclosetofarms,allowingwildlifeworkerstodrivethemoffratherthanshootthem.

長難句之小試牛刀Practice12)MobilephoneSIMcardswhic13)Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.(2017年全國II卷)Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?Itmakesnoise.Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C.Itstandsquietly.D.Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.長難句之小試牛刀Practice13)Backin1983,twoscienti14)Inhisfirstyearsofhighschool,hewouldlookpityinglyatmusicstudents,

36acrossthecampuswiththeirheavyinstrumentcases,turningupatschoolforpracticehoursbeforeanyoneelsehadtobethere.(2017年江蘇卷完形填空)36.A.travelingB.marchingC.pacingD.strugg