英語(yǔ)翻譯之正反譯市公開(kāi)課一等獎(jiǎng)省名師優(yōu)質(zhì)課賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

英漢翻譯理論與實(shí)踐

翻譯理論與實(shí)踐

英譯漢慣用方法和技巧:反譯法/正說(shuō)反譯、反說(shuō)正譯法

(Negation)試譯以下句子:1.Nosmoking!禁止吸煙！2.WetPaint!油漆未干!3.Justmakeyourselfathome.不要客氣。4.Wemustneverstoptakinganoptimisticviewoflife.我們要永遠(yuǎn)對(duì)生活抱樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。5.Hispronunciationisnobetterthanmine.他發(fā)音和我一樣糟糕。因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言習(xí)慣不一樣,英漢兩種語(yǔ)言在正說(shuō)與反說(shuō)方面也經(jīng)常不一樣。所以,在翻譯實(shí)踐中,原文中正說(shuō)詞句有時(shí)不得不處理成反說(shuō);原文中反說(shuō)詞句有時(shí)不得不處理成正說(shuō)。正說(shuō)反譯、反說(shuō)正譯法/反譯法(Negation)用反譯法有時(shí)能夠更明確地表示原文意思，但并不是說(shuō)反譯一定比正譯好。假如正譯﹑反譯都能很好表示原文，則應(yīng)盡可能采取正譯，使譯文從內(nèi)容和形式上都盡可能貼近原文。但假如正譯有困難，欠通順，或者效果不好，則應(yīng)反譯法。正說(shuō)反譯、反說(shuō)正譯法1、正說(shuō)反譯法（動(dòng)詞）2、正說(shuō)反譯法（形容詞）3、正說(shuō)反譯法（名詞）4、正說(shuō)反譯法（副詞）5、正說(shuō)反譯法（虛詞）6、正說(shuō)反譯法（短語(yǔ)）正說(shuō)反譯法（動(dòng)詞）含否定意義動(dòng)詞:fail,miss,lack,deny,

ignore,refuse,overlook,escape,exclude,neglect等句子可考慮反譯。Thewindowrefusestoopen.窗戶打不開(kāi)。Shewasrefusedadmittancebythem.他們不許她進(jìn)去。Iwas

deniedthechanceofgoingtouniversity.我沒(méi)有得到上大學(xué)機(jī)會(huì)。

試譯以下句子：

1.Theplanfailedandforyearshelosthispoliticalpower.計(jì)劃失敗了，他在政治上多年不得志。2.Hissecretaryfailedtotellhimaboutit.他秘書沒(méi)有告訴他這件事。3.He’smissedschoolthreedaysthisweek.他這星期有三天沒(méi)有去上學(xué)。正說(shuō)反譯法（形容詞）HeisignorantofEnglish.他不懂英語(yǔ)。Andthat’sthelastthingheisinterestedin.那是他最不感興趣事情。Sheisnewtothejob她對(duì)工作還不熟悉。正說(shuō)反譯法（形容詞）Shesaidangrily，“Themenareallbad!”她憤憤地說(shuō)，男人都不是好東西！Youareabadboy!你是個(gè)不聽(tīng)話孩子！Thecompany’sfailurewasduetobad

management.企業(yè)因經(jīng)營(yíng)不善破產(chǎn)。Shefeltmiserable.她感到心里不舒適。Hiskeywaslost.他鑰匙不見(jiàn)了。正說(shuō)反譯法（名詞）Thisdistrictwasinastateofneglect.這個(gè)地方處于無(wú)人管理狀態(tài)。

Thereislackofwatersupplyhere.這里供水不足。Hediditjustoutofignorance.他做了此事只是出于無(wú)知。正說(shuō)反譯法（名詞）Tomwillbeinchargeoftheofficeduringmyabsence.我不在時(shí)候，辦公室由湯姆負(fù)責(zé)。Hetriestoovercomethelackoftechnicaldata.他試圖克服技術(shù)資料不足。正說(shuō)反譯法（虛詞:介詞）Itwasbeyondhispowertodoso.他無(wú)權(quán)這么做。Itseemsagainstnature.這似乎不符合自然規(guī)律。Herbehaviourwasabovesuspicion.她品行不容懷疑。正說(shuō)反譯法（虛詞:連詞）IwillnotgounlessIhearfromhim.假如他不通知我，我就不去。Theguesthadalreadygonebeforewecameback.還沒(méi)有等我們回來(lái),客人就走了。I’llstayheretillshearrives.她不來(lái)我不走。正說(shuō)反譯法（短語(yǔ)）一些固定短語(yǔ)普通要譯作否定:farfrom;freefrom;prevent…from;protectfrom….butfor;butthat;anythingbut;cannotbut.otherthan;ratherthan;morethan…can;比較級(jí)+thantodoinsteadof;inplaceof;shortof;intheabsenceof

比如:Theexplanationisfarfrombeingsatisfactory.這一解釋遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿意。Hewishestolivealifefreefromcare.他希望過(guò)無(wú)憂無(wú)慮生活。I,ratherthanyou,shoulddothework.該做這工作是我，不是你。正說(shuō)反譯、反說(shuō)正譯法1、反說(shuō)正譯法（動(dòng)詞）2、反說(shuō)正譯法（形容詞）3、反說(shuō)正譯法（副詞）4、反說(shuō)正譯法（名詞）5、反說(shuō)正譯法（介詞短語(yǔ)）反說(shuō)正譯法（形容詞）We’vebeenveryunluckywiththatcar-我們坐那輛車總是很倒霉…反說(shuō)正譯法（副詞）Thewindowstherewereneveropen.那里窗門總是關(guān)著。反說(shuō)正譯法（名詞）Hemanifestedastrongdislikeforhisfather’sbusiness.他對(duì)父親生意表示出強(qiáng)烈厭惡情緒。Howwillyoudealwiththedisagreements

betweencolleagues.你會(huì)怎樣處理同事間意見(jiàn)分歧？反說(shuō)正譯法（介詞短語(yǔ)）Thechildcanwalkwithoutanyhelpnow.這小孩現(xiàn)在完全能自己走路了。Shecameintotheroomwithnoshoeson.她光著腳走進(jìn)了房間。ThetraincomingfromMoscowwillarriveinnotime.來(lái)自莫斯科火車很快就會(huì)抵達(dá)。Students,withnoexception,aretohavephysicalexaminations.今天下午學(xué)生統(tǒng)統(tǒng)要進(jìn)行體檢。正說(shuō)反譯、反說(shuō)正譯法/反譯法(Negation)利用正反譯法時(shí),我們要注意語(yǔ)體改變。普通說(shuō)來(lái)，正說(shuō)顯得較正規(guī)，反說(shuō)較口語(yǔ)化。比如：“禁止張貼”譯成正說(shuō)“PostersForbidden”較正規(guī)，而譯成反說(shuō)“NoPosters,Please”較口語(yǔ)化；一樣，“PostersForbidden”譯成正說(shuō)“禁止張貼”較正規(guī)，而譯成反說(shuō)“不許張貼”較口語(yǔ)化。

練一練：1.Ilayawakeallnight.2.Yesterdayhefailedtogettoschoolontime.3.Wouldyoupleaseundressyourovercoatbeforegoingintotheroom?4.Hisarrivalthreedaysinadvanceisbeyondourexpectation.5.Don’tmakeyourconclusionbeforetheendoftheyear.

練一練：1.Thatfellowisfarfrombeinghonest.那家伙很不老實(shí)。2.It’sbeyondmewhyshewantstomarryJack.我不了解她為何要和杰克結(jié)婚。3.Stoptalkingnonsense!別亂說(shuō)八道。4.Hisarrivalthreedaysinadvanceisbeyondourexpectation.他提前三天抵達(dá)是我們沒(méi)有想到。5.Don’tmakeyourconclusionbeforetheendoftheyear.到年底再下結(jié)論吧。練一練：6.Hedisappearedrightawayinthecrowd.他在人群中立刻消失了。7.Shekepttoherroomallday.她一整天沒(méi)出房門。練一練：8.Wouldyoupleaseundressyourovercoatbeforegoingintotheroom?

請(qǐng)你進(jìn)房間之前脫掉外衣。9.Didthechilddispleaseyou?孩子讓你生氣了嗎？10.Appearancearedecepti