高中主謂一致練習(xí)題

主謂一致1)語(yǔ)法形式上要一致,即用作主語(yǔ)的名詞中心詞和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在單復(fù)數(shù)形式上一致2)意義上要一致,即主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的一致關(guān)系取決于主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)意義3)就近原則，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)形式取決于最靠近它的詞語(yǔ)并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)Readingandwritingareveryimportant.注意①:當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由and連結(jié)時(shí)，如果它表示一個(gè)單一的概念，即指同一人或同一物時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，and此時(shí)連接的兩個(gè)詞前只有一個(gè)冠詞。Theironandsteelindustryisveryimportanttoourlife.Truthandhonestyisthebestpolicy．Thegirl'steacherandfriendisayoungdoctor．Toloveandtobelovedisthegreathappiness.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisagoodhabit.Aknifeandforkisonthetable.TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitorwasaskedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.注意②:and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞前若用each,every,manya修飾,該名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.例如:Manyabookand(manya)penisfoundintheschoolbag.Eachboyand(each)girlwantstoservethepeopleinfuture．主謂一致中就近一致原則以there,here,thefollowing開(kāi)頭的句子的主語(yǔ)是一系列事物時(shí),以及在由notonly...butalso...,not...but...;or,either...or...,neither.nor...連接主語(yǔ)的句子中，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與最鄰近的主語(yǔ)保持一致Thereisapen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk..Hereisapen,afewenvelopsandsomepaperforyou.Notyou,butIamtoblame.NotonlyJohnbutalsoIamgoingtoShanghainextweek.Eitheryouorsheistogo.NeitherLucynorCarolhasanymoneyleft.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)一致當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟有aswellas,with,alongwith,togetherwith,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,like,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto等引導(dǎo)的詞組時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)一致。例如:Theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.Theteacheraswellasthestudentswasexcited．John,ratherthanhisroommates,istoblame.Myhusband,morethananyoneelseinthefamily,islongingtogothereagain.Billy,togetherwithhissisters,waswoundedintheaccident.Nooneexcepttwogirlswaslateforschool.4代詞each和由every,some,no,any等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞如everything,somebody,anyone等作主語(yǔ),或主語(yǔ)中含有each,every,manya,morethanone修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)需用單數(shù).Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.Eachofushasatape-recorder.注意：Weeachhaveatape-recorder.5neither,none作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù),這要取決于說(shuō)話人的看法.如Noneofushave/hasgotacamera.但是代表不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，只看做單數(shù)；neither做形容詞使用時(shí)，與單數(shù)名詞連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Noneofthismoneyismine.Neitherstatementistrue.6all作主語(yǔ)表示人時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);表示物時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).如:Allthatglittersisnotgold.Allareeagertoreachanagreement.Allarepresentandallisgoingwell.7在代詞therest,what,which,who,some,any,more,most等詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由其具體指代的詞決定.Wehavetenbooks;youcanhavetwo,andtherestaremine.Thereisonlyacupofwater.Youcantakeasip,andtherestismine.8表示金錢(qián),時(shí)間.距離.價(jià)格或度量衡的復(fù)合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),通常把這些名詞看作一個(gè)整體,謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù)。Threeweekswasallowedformakingthenecessarypreparations.Tenyuanisenough.如果強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目，用復(fù)數(shù)。Onehundredcentsmakeadollar.Morethanfiftyyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.9集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)要根據(jù)主語(yǔ)的意思來(lái)決定.如family,crowd,class,board董事會(huì)army軍隊(duì)jury陪審團(tuán)audience觀眾enemy敵人committee委員會(huì)flock羊群community共同體firm商號(hào)party政黨company公司gang一群press新聞界council理事會(huì)government政府public公眾couple對(duì)、雙group組staff全體職員crew全體人員herd牧群team隊(duì)等詞后用復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí),意為這個(gè)集體中的各個(gè)成員,用單數(shù)時(shí)表示該個(gè)集體.Hisfamilyisn'tverylarge.他家不是一個(gè)大家庭.Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.他的家人都是音樂(lè)愛(ài)好者.但集合名詞people,police,cattle,poultry（家禽）.等在任何情況下都用復(fù)數(shù)形式.Arethereanypolicearound?但是請(qǐng)注意如果表示類(lèi)指的集合名詞humanity,man,mankind表示的是整體,即把這類(lèi)人或事物的全部包括在內(nèi),所以只有單數(shù)形式.如作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù).10一些有兩個(gè)部分構(gòu)成的名詞表示衣物或工具作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式：glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses（圓規(guī)），chopsticks,scissors等。但如果主語(yǔ)用akindof,apairof,aseriesof等加名詞構(gòu)成時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則由單位詞決定動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Apairofshoeswasonthedesk．Twopairsofscissorsaremissingfrommytoolbox.11用halfof,partof,mostof,aportionof和分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)等詞引起主語(yǔ)時(shí),動(dòng)詞通常與of后面的名詞保持一致.Mostofhismoneyisspentonbooks.Mostofthestudentsaretakinganactivepartinsports.Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.12what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可視表語(yǔ)而定:表語(yǔ)是單數(shù)名詞時(shí),動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),相反,則用復(fù)數(shù)Whattheywanttogetareanumberofgoodbooks.Whenandwheretheyaregoingtoholdthemeetingisstillunknown.（一件事情的兩個(gè)方面）13動(dòng)詞不定式,動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù).例如:Goingoutforawalkaftersupperisagoodhabit."the+形容詞/過(guò)去分詞"作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致當(dāng)"the+形容詞/過(guò)去分詞"表示一類(lèi)人或事物時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);如果指某一抽象概念時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用單數(shù).如：①Thesickhereareverywellcaredfor.②Thetrueistobedistinguishedfromthefalse.在一些短語(yǔ),如manya或morethanone所修飾的詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)形式但由morethan???of作主語(yǔ)時(shí),動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與其后的名詞或代詞保持一致.Manyapersonhasreadthenovel.許多人都讀過(guò)這本書(shū).Morethanonestudenthasseenthefilm.但：Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.Morethan60percentofthestudentsarefromthecity.百分之六十多的學(xué)生都來(lái)自這個(gè)城市."oneandahalf+名詞"作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù).例如：Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.桌子上有一個(gè)半蘋(píng)果."Oneortwo+復(fù)數(shù)名詞"作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).例如：Oneortwopersonsaresenttheretohelpthemdothework."oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句"結(jié)構(gòu)中,定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù);而在"theonlyoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句"的結(jié)構(gòu)中,定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù).例如：Heisoneofthestudentswhogetthereontime.他是準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那里的學(xué)生之一.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhogetsthereontime.他是唯一一個(gè)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那里的學(xué)生.Alargequantityof修飾名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；largequantitiesof修飾名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；alargeamountof修飾不可數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；largeamountsof修飾不可數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);TheoldwelllookedafterbythegovernmentinChina.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.wasThesecretaryandmanagerverybusynow.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereBoththesecretaryandthemanageragreedtoattendthemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.wasTomaswellastwoofhisclassmatesinvitedtotheparty.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeenEitheryouorIgoingtotheteachers‘officeafterclass.A.amB.isC.areD.willMostofhissparetimespentinreading.A.areB.wereC.wasD.havebeenThisisoneofthebestnovelsthatappearedthisyear.A.havebeenB.hasC.hadbeenD.haveTenthousanddollarsquitealargesum.A.areB.isC.wereD.haveAbout20percentoftheworkdoneyesterday.A.areB.isC.wereD.wasMrSmith，togetherwithhischildren，arrived.A.areB.hasC.isD.haveItIwholeavingforLondon.A.is…isB.am???isC.is…amD.am???amNotonlyTombutalsohiswifefondofwatchingtelevision.A.areB.wereC.beD.isWhenandwheretobuildthenewfactoryyet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecidedAlthoughthefirstpartofthebookiseasy，therest.A.aredifficultB.hasproveddifficultC.issupposeddifficultD.havebeenfounddifficultThattheywerewronginthesemattersnowcleartousall.A.isB.wasC.areD.wereHalfofhisgoodsstolentheotherday.A.areB.wereC.isD.wasMathematicsthelanguageofscience.A.areB.aregoingtobeC.isD.istobeEachofthestudentsaChinese-Englishdictionary.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereareTheyeachabeautifulhandkerchief.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereareBetweenthetworowsoftreestheteachingbuilding.A.standB.standsC.standingD.areThispairofshoesmadeinNanjing.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeenNooneexceptmyparentsanythingaboutit.A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.haveknownAnumberofstudentsfromthesouth.A.areB.isC.haveD.hasThenumberofstudentsfromthenorthsmall.A.areB.isC.haveD.hasWritingstoriesandarticleswhatIenjoymost，A.isB.areC.wasD.wereHis“SelectedPoems”firstpublishedin1965.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.areMissSmithisafriendof.A.Mary‘smother'sB.Mary‘smotherC.Mother'sofMaryD.Marymother‘sAgooddealofmoneyspentonbooks.A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeenOnthewalltwolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hangingturngreeninspring.A.LeafB.LeafsC.LeaveD.LeavesFatherwenttohisdoctorforabouthishearttrouble.A.anadviceB.adviceC.advicesD.theadvicesAllbutoneherejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.wereThenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty，butanumberofthemabsentfordifferentreasons.A.were；wasB.was；wasC.was；wereD.were；wereTheairinbigcitiesverydirtybyfactories.A.areoftenmadeB.isoftenmadeC.haveoftenmadeD.hasoftenmadeNobodytosmokeinthecinema.A.allowsB.allowC.isallowedD.areallowedTheChinesepeoplehard-workingandbrave.A.areB.isC.hasbeenD.arebeingcanbedonebeendone.A.All；haveB.Allthat；haveC.All；hasD.Allthat；hasJohnhastwobrothers，buteitheroutofworknow.A.areB.isC.hasD.haveThepolicethemurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.A.issearchingforB.weresearchingforC.aresearchingforD.weresearchingApplesofthiskind.A.tastesgoodB.tasteswellC.tastegoodD.tastewellYourtrousersdirty，youmusthavewashed.A.is；itB.are；itC.are；themD.is；themWhererubbish，thereareflies.A.thereareB.thereisC.isD.therehasTheOlympicGamesheldeveryyears.A.is；fourB.are；fourC.is；fiveD.are；fiveManyamancometohelpus.A.haveB.hasC.isD.areHeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoelected.A.areB.haveC.hasD.is46.Three-fourthsofthehomeworktoday.A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havefinished47.ThosewhoA.hasn‘thanded；D.havebeenfinishedincompositions,pleasehandtheminthisafternoon.hisB.haven'thanded；theirC.hashanded；theirD.havehanded；hisJaneisoneofthebeststudentsinherclasswhobytheirteacher.A.arepraisedB.ispraisedC.praisedD.praisingThewholeclasstheteacherattentively.A.arelisteningtoB.islisteningtoC.arelisteningD.