高中主謂一致練習題

主謂一致1)語法形式上要一致,即用作主語的名詞中心詞和謂語動詞在單復數(shù)形式上一致2)意義上要一致,即主語和謂語的一致關系取決于主語的單復數(shù)意義3)就近原則，即謂語動詞的單復形式取決于最靠近它的詞語并列結(jié)構作主語時謂語用復數(shù)Readingandwritingareveryimportant.注意①:當主語由and連結(jié)時，如果它表示一個單一的概念，即指同一人或同一物時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，and此時連接的兩個詞前只有一個冠詞。Theironandsteelindustryisveryimportanttoourlife.Truthandhonestyisthebestpolicy．Thegirl'steacherandfriendisayoungdoctor．Toloveandtobelovedisthegreathappiness.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisagoodhabit.Aknifeandforkisonthetable.TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitorwasaskedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.注意②:and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞前若用each,every,manya修飾,該名詞短語作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.例如:Manyabookand(manya)penisfoundintheschoolbag.Eachboyand(each)girlwantstoservethepeopleinfuture．主謂一致中就近一致原則以there,here,thefollowing開頭的句子的主語是一系列事物時,以及在由notonly...butalso...,not...but...;or,either...or...,neither.nor...連接主語的句子中，謂語應與最鄰近的主語保持一致Thereisapen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk..Hereisapen,afewenvelopsandsomepaperforyou.Notyou,butIamtoblame.NotonlyJohnbutalsoIamgoingtoShanghainextweek.Eitheryouorsheistogo.NeitherLucynorCarolhasanymoneyleft.謂語動詞與前面的主語一致當主語后面跟有aswellas,with,alongwith,togetherwith,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,like,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto等引導的詞組時,其謂語動詞與前面的主語一致。例如:Theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.Theteacheraswellasthestudentswasexcited．John,ratherthanhisroommates,istoblame.Myhusband,morethananyoneelseinthefamily,islongingtogothereagain.Billy,togetherwithhissisters,waswoundedintheaccident.Nooneexcepttwogirlswaslateforschool.4代詞each和由every,some,no,any等構成的復合代詞如everything,somebody,anyone等作主語,或主語中含有each,every,manya,morethanone修飾時，謂語需用單數(shù).Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.Eachofushasatape-recorder.注意：Weeachhaveatape-recorder.5neither,none作主語時,謂語動詞既可用單數(shù)也可用復數(shù),這要取決于說話人的看法.如Noneofushave/hasgotacamera.但是代表不可數(shù)名詞時，只看做單數(shù)；neither做形容詞使用時，與單數(shù)名詞連用，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Noneofthismoneyismine.Neitherstatementistrue.6all作主語表示人時,謂語動詞用復數(shù);表示物時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).如:Allthatglittersisnotgold.Allareeagertoreachanagreement.Allarepresentandallisgoingwell.7在代詞therest,what,which,who,some,any,more,most等詞的單復數(shù)由其具體指代的詞決定.Wehavetenbooks;youcanhavetwo,andtherestaremine.Thereisonlyacupofwater.Youcantakeasip,andtherestismine.8表示金錢,時間.距離.價格或度量衡的復合名詞作主語時,通常把這些名詞看作一個整體,謂語一般用單數(shù)。Threeweekswasallowedformakingthenecessarypreparations.Tenyuanisenough.如果強調(diào)數(shù)目，用復數(shù)。Onehundredcentsmakeadollar.Morethanfiftyyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.9集體名詞作主語時,謂語的數(shù)要根據(jù)主語的意思來決定.如family,crowd,class,board董事會army軍隊jury陪審團audience觀眾enemy敵人committee委員會flock羊群community共同體firm商號party政黨company公司gang一群press新聞界council理事會government政府public公眾couple對、雙group組staff全體職員crew全體人員herd牧群team隊等詞后用復數(shù)形式時,意為這個集體中的各個成員,用單數(shù)時表示該個集體.Hisfamilyisn'tverylarge.他家不是一個大家庭.Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.他的家人都是音樂愛好者.但集合名詞people,police,cattle,poultry（家禽）.等在任何情況下都用復數(shù)形式.Arethereanypolicearound?但是請注意如果表示類指的集合名詞humanity,man,mankind表示的是整體,即把這類人或事物的全部包括在內(nèi),所以只有單數(shù)形式.如作主語,謂語動詞常用單數(shù).10一些有兩個部分構成的名詞表示衣物或工具作主語時，謂語通常用復數(shù)形式：glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses（圓規(guī)），chopsticks,scissors等。但如果主語用akindof,apairof,aseriesof等加名詞構成時,謂語動詞則由單位詞決定動詞的單、復數(shù)形式。例如：Apairofshoeswasonthedesk．Twopairsofscissorsaremissingfrommytoolbox.11用halfof,partof,mostof,aportionof和分數(shù)、百分數(shù)等詞引起主語時,動詞通常與of后面的名詞保持一致.Mostofhismoneyisspentonbooks.Mostofthestudentsaretakinganactivepartinsports.Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.12what引導的主語從句,謂語動詞可視表語而定:表語是單數(shù)名詞時,動詞用單數(shù),相反,則用復數(shù)Whattheywanttogetareanumberofgoodbooks.Whenandwheretheyaregoingtoholdthemeetingisstillunknown.（一件事情的兩個方面）13動詞不定式,動詞-ing形式短語作主語時,謂語動詞常用單數(shù).例如:Goingoutforawalkaftersupperisagoodhabit."the+形容詞/過去分詞"作主語時的主謂一致當"the+形容詞/過去分詞"表示一類人或事物時,謂語動詞用復數(shù);如果指某一抽象概念時,謂語動詞則用單數(shù).如：①Thesickhereareverywellcaredfor.②Thetrueistobedistinguishedfromthefalse.在一些短語,如manya或morethanone所修飾的詞作主語時,謂語動詞多用單數(shù)形式但由morethan???of作主語時,動詞應與其后的名詞或代詞保持一致.Manyapersonhasreadthenovel.許多人都讀過這本書.Morethanonestudenthasseenthefilm.但：Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.Morethan60percentofthestudentsarefromthecity.百分之六十多的學生都來自這個城市."oneandahalf+名詞"作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù).例如：Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.桌子上有一個半蘋果."Oneortwo+復數(shù)名詞"作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù).例如：Oneortwopersonsaresenttheretohelpthemdothework."oneof+復數(shù)名詞+定語從句"結(jié)構中,定語從句的謂語動詞要用復數(shù);而在"theonlyoneof+復數(shù)名詞+定語從句"的結(jié)構中,定語從句的謂語動詞要用單數(shù).例如：Heisoneofthestudentswhogetthereontime.他是準時到達那里的學生之一.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhogetsthereontime.他是唯一一個準時到達那里的學生.Alargequantityof修飾名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；largequantitiesof修飾名詞，謂語動詞用復數(shù)；alargeamountof修飾不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用單數(shù)；largeamountsof修飾不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用復數(shù);TheoldwelllookedafterbythegovernmentinChina.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.wasThesecretaryandmanagerverybusynow.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereBoththesecretaryandthemanageragreedtoattendthemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.wasTomaswellastwoofhisclassmatesinvitedtotheparty.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeenEitheryouorIgoingtotheteachers‘officeafterclass.A.amB.isC.areD.willMostofhissparetimespentinreading.A.areB.wereC.wasD.havebeenThisisoneofthebestnovelsthatappearedthisyear.A.havebeenB.hasC.hadbeenD.haveTenthousanddollarsquitealargesum.A.areB.isC.wereD.haveAbout20percentoftheworkdoneyesterday.A.areB.isC.wereD.wasMrSmith，togetherwithhischildren，arrived.A.areB.hasC.isD.haveItIwholeavingforLondon.A.is…isB.am???isC.is…amD.am???amNotonlyTombutalsohiswifefondofwatchingtelevision.A.areB.wereC.beD.isWhenandwheretobuildthenewfactoryyet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecidedAlthoughthefirstpartofthebookiseasy，therest.A.aredifficultB.hasproveddifficultC.issupposeddifficultD.havebeenfounddifficultThattheywerewronginthesemattersnowcleartousall.A.isB.wasC.areD.wereHalfofhisgoodsstolentheotherday.A.areB.wereC.isD.wasMathematicsthelanguageofscience.A.areB.aregoingtobeC.isD.istobeEachofthestudentsaChinese-Englishdictionary.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereareTheyeachabeautifulhandkerchief.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereareBetweenthetworowsoftreestheteachingbuilding.A.standB.standsC.standingD.areThispairofshoesmadeinNanjing.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeenNooneexceptmyparentsanythingaboutit.A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.haveknownAnumberofstudentsfromthesouth.A.areB.isC.haveD.hasThenumberofstudentsfromthenorthsmall.A.areB.isC.haveD.hasWritingstoriesandarticleswhatIenjoymost，A.isB.areC.wasD.wereHis“SelectedPoems”firstpublishedin1965.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.areMissSmithisafriendof.A.Mary‘smother'sB.Mary‘smotherC.Mother'sofMaryD.Marymother‘sAgooddealofmoneyspentonbooks.A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeenOnthewalltwolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hangingturngreeninspring.A.LeafB.LeafsC.LeaveD.LeavesFatherwenttohisdoctorforabouthishearttrouble.A.anadviceB.adviceC.advicesD.theadvicesAllbutoneherejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.wereThenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty，butanumberofthemabsentfordifferentreasons.A.were；wasB.was；wasC.was；wereD.were；wereTheairinbigcitiesverydirtybyfactories.A.areoftenmadeB.isoftenmadeC.haveoftenmadeD.hasoftenmadeNobodytosmokeinthecinema.A.allowsB.allowC.isallowedD.areallowedTheChinesepeoplehard-workingandbrave.A.areB.isC.hasbeenD.arebeingcanbedonebeendone.A.All；haveB.Allthat；haveC.All；hasD.Allthat；hasJohnhastwobrothers，buteitheroutofworknow.A.areB.isC.hasD.haveThepolicethemurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.A.issearchingforB.weresearchingforC.aresearchingforD.weresearchingApplesofthiskind.A.tastesgoodB.tasteswellC.tastegoodD.tastewellYourtrousersdirty，youmusthavewashed.A.is；itB.are；itC.are；themD.is；themWhererubbish，thereareflies.A.thereareB.thereisC.isD.therehasTheOlympicGamesheldeveryyears.A.is；fourB.are；fourC.is；fiveD.are；fiveManyamancometohelpus.A.haveB.hasC.isD.areHeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoelected.A.areB.haveC.hasD.is46.Three-fourthsofthehomeworktoday.A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havefinished47.ThosewhoA.hasn‘thanded；D.havebeenfinishedincompositions,pleasehandtheminthisafternoon.hisB.haven'thanded；theirC.hashanded；theirD.havehanded；hisJaneisoneofthebeststudentsinherclasswhobytheirteacher.A.arepraisedB.ispraisedC.praisedD.praisingThewholeclasstheteacherattentively.A.arelisteningtoB.islisteningtoC.arelisteningD.